Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most common cancer globally,with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)accounting for approximately 75%-85%of cases.Most patients present with moderately advanced disease,while those with advanc...Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most common cancer globally,with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)accounting for approximately 75%-85%of cases.Most patients present with moderately advanced disease,while those with advanced HCC face limited and ineffective treatment options.Despite diagnostic efforts,no ideal tumor marker exists to date,highlighting the urgent clinical need for improved early detection of HCC.A key research objective is the development of assays that target specific pathways involved in HCC progression.This review explores the pathological origin and development of HCC,providing insights into the mechanistic rationale,clinical statistics,and the advantages and limitations of commonly used diagnostic tumor markers.Additionally,it discusses the potential of emerging biomarkers for early diagnosis and offers a brief overview of relevant assay methodologies.This review aims to summarize existing markers and investigate new ones,providing a basis for subsequent research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32171167)Anhui Province Educational Natural Science Project(No.2023AH040254)Tianchi Talent Introduction Plan Innovative Leader of Xinjiang Ugyur Autonomous Region(No.51052401403).
文摘Liver cancer ranks as the sixth most common cancer globally,with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)accounting for approximately 75%-85%of cases.Most patients present with moderately advanced disease,while those with advanced HCC face limited and ineffective treatment options.Despite diagnostic efforts,no ideal tumor marker exists to date,highlighting the urgent clinical need for improved early detection of HCC.A key research objective is the development of assays that target specific pathways involved in HCC progression.This review explores the pathological origin and development of HCC,providing insights into the mechanistic rationale,clinical statistics,and the advantages and limitations of commonly used diagnostic tumor markers.Additionally,it discusses the potential of emerging biomarkers for early diagnosis and offers a brief overview of relevant assay methodologies.This review aims to summarize existing markers and investigate new ones,providing a basis for subsequent research.
