With the progress of science and technology as well as the development of ultrasound technology,more and more thyroid tumors have been found.Follicular tumor is one of the most common thyroid tumors,but borderline fol...With the progress of science and technology as well as the development of ultrasound technology,more and more thyroid tumors have been found.Follicular tumor is one of the most common thyroid tumors,but borderline follicular tumors are relatively rare.At present,the diagnosis of borderline follicular thyroid tumor is unclear prior to surgery,and it is difficult to identify in frozen section or even conventional section.In order to effectively improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of borderline follicular thyroid tumor,this paper summarizes the new WHO(World Health Organization)classification of borderline follicular thyroid tumor along with diagnostic methods,including clinical fine needle aspiration cytology,histopathology,and molecular biology,and reviews the research progress.展开更多
Objective: to explore the value of pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Methods: from January 2020 to December 2020, 200 patients with thyroid diseases were selected for paraffin path...Objective: to explore the value of pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Methods: from January 2020 to December 2020, 200 patients with thyroid diseases were selected for paraffin pathological diagnosis. Results: 164 cases (82.00%) were female and 36 cases (18.00%) were male. Conclusion: the analysis of patients with goiter shows that female goiter is usually more than male goiter, and most of the patients with nodular goiter are benign.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mucosal adenocarcinoma of the descending duodenum is a very rare gastroin-testinal tumor.Due to its low incidence,it has rarely been the focus of clinical and pathological studies.The clinical manifestation...BACKGROUND Mucosal adenocarcinoma of the descending duodenum is a very rare gastroin-testinal tumor.Due to its low incidence,it has rarely been the focus of clinical and pathological studies.The clinical manifestations of these tumors are usually nonspecific,and they are easily misdiagnosed or missed.Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard for diagnosis,but due to the small number of cases,the relevant pathological characteristics and diagnostic criteria are not completely clear.The purpose of this study was to deepen the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease and to provide a clinical guidance.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman who was hospitalized with recurrent abdominal pain for more than 20 days.The patient developed epigastric pain with no obvious cause more than 20 days prior,mainly left epigastric pain and middle epigastric pain,and presented persistent dull pain without nausea or vomiting,fever or chills.The patient was treated at a local hospital,gastroscopy revealed a new lesion in the circum-intestinal cavity in the descending part of the duodenum,and pathological biopsy revealed mucous adenocarcinoma in the descending part of the duode-num.Currently,for further diagnosis and treatment,the patient is admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment for“malignant tumor of the duodenum”in the outpatient department.CONCLUSION Mucosal adenocarcinoma of the descending duodenum has a high misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate,clinical manifestations lack specificity,and pathological diagnosis is the main basis for diagnosis.展开更多
Objectvie: to study the specific methods of gastroscopic diagnosis and pathological diagnosis in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis, evaluate its application value, and analyze the results of gastroscopic and patholog...Objectvie: to study the specific methods of gastroscopic diagnosis and pathological diagnosis in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis, evaluate its application value, and analyze the results of gastroscopic and pathological examinations, the pathological changes of gastroscopy, and the manifestations under gastroscopy. Methods: in this experiment, from February 28, 2020 to March 30, 2022, patients with chronic gastritis were used as research samples, a total of 100 cases and all cases were examined by gastroscopy and pathological examination, and pathological examination was used as the gold indicator with evaluation above clinical efficacy. Results: there was no significant difference between gastroscope and pathological examination. ( P>0.05 );among 100 cases of chronic gastritis, 37 cases of chronic gastritis were diagnosed by gastroscopy in 37 cases ( 37.00% ), 63 cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis ( 63.00% ), 33 cases of pathological examination ( 33.00% ), and 33 cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis (33.00%). There were 67 cases ( 67.00% ) of gastritis;in gastroscopy, the missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate were 9.09%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 10.45%;sensitivity, accuracy, specificity;positive predictive value 90.91% (30/33), 90.00% (90/100), 89.55% (60/67), 81.08% (30/37), 95.24 (60/63) );the incidence of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis was lower than that in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, and the comparison was significant ( P<0.05 ). The incidence of erythema and red and white ( mainly red ) was higher than that of the latter, and the incidence of red and white ( mainly white ) was lower than that of the latter;P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: the application value of gastroscopic diagnosis is high, which can improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis, and promote the improvement of disease prognosis and the implementation of targeted treatment measures, which is suitable for popular use.展开更多
Objective: to compare and analyze the role of immunohistochemistry and conventional methods in the pathological diagnosis of tumors. Methods: 50 cases of tumor patients admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to Marc...Objective: to compare and analyze the role of immunohistochemistry and conventional methods in the pathological diagnosis of tumors. Methods: 50 cases of tumor patients admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the research subjects for comparative diagnosis. Each group consisted of 25 patients. The control group received conventional techniques and the study group received immunohistochemistry. The post-technical positive detection rate, patient acceptance, satisfaction and negative emotion scores were compared between the two diagnostic methods. Results: the analysis of patients' diagnostic results showed that the positive rate of pathological diagnosis in the study group was slightly higher than that in the control group, and there was no statistical difference in the comparison results (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the application of immunohistochemical technology in tumor pathological diagnosis can further improve the accuracy of pathological diagnosis results, improve the patient's diagnostic acceptability and satisfaction with diagnosis, which has an important significance in the application of diagnosis.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical value of immunohistochemistry(IHC)detection in the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods:Eighty breast cancer patients admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from Jun...Objective:To investigate the clinical value of immunohistochemistry(IHC)detection in the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods:Eighty breast cancer patients admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected as study subjects.The samples were divided into a positive group(40 cases)and a negative group(40 cases)according to ER and PR test results.Immunohistochemistry was performed on all patients to compare the differences between the two groups in C-erbB-2 positive expression and axillary lymph node metastasis.Results:The positive expression rate of C-erbB-2 in the positive group(35.00%)was significantly lower than that in the negative group(80.00%),with a highly significant difference(P<0.001).The axillary lymph node metastasis rate in the positive group(40.00%)was significantly lower than that in the negative group(75.00%),with a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Immunohistochemical detection in breast cancer pathology enhances diagnostic accuracy,predicts prognosis,and supports personalized treatment by identifying ER,PR,and C-erbB-2.It is worth being widely adopted in clinical practice.展开更多
Objective: to explore the clinical value of frozen section in the diagnosis of pathological tumors. Methods: 162 tumor specimens collected during the operation in the Department of pathology of our hospital from June ...Objective: to explore the clinical value of frozen section in the diagnosis of pathological tumors. Methods: 162 tumor specimens collected during the operation in the Department of pathology of our hospital from June 2018 to may 2020 were selected as the research objects. These samples were randomly divided into reference group and experimental group, of which 83 samples were in the reference group and 79 samples were in the experimental group.T he patients in the reference group were diagnosed and treated by routine paraffin section, and the patients in the experimental group were diagnosed by frozen section. The diagnostic coincidence rate and detection quality of the two groups were compared. Results: the diagnostic coincidence rates of the two groups were compared. 83 samples in the reference group were pathologically diagnosed by conventional paraffin section technology, including 49 benign tumors, 19 malignant tumors and 15 borderline tumors. A total of 71 tumors were detected, and the actual diagnostic coincidence rate was 85.54% (71 / 83). Among 79 samples in the experimental group, frozen section technology was used for diagnosis, There were 47 cases of benign tumors, 20 cases of malignant tumors and 12 cases of borderline tumors. A total of 77 cases of tumors were detected. The actual diagnostic coincidence rate was 97.47% (77 / 79). In the comparative diagnostic coincidence rate, it was found that there were significant differences between the groups and the P value was (P = 0.0387). Therefore, the statistical significance obviously had tenable conditions;The score of cell morphology and structure in the contrast test group (75 ± 8) was 16.0, while the score of cell morphology and structure in the contrast test group (61 ± 8) was (1.0), and the score of cell morphology and structure in the contrast test group was (1 ± 8). In the comparison of various test quality scoring indexes, it was found that there were significant differences between the groups, and the P values were (P < 0.05) and the statistical significance was established. Conclusion: the application of frozen section technology in the pathological diagnosis process of tumor has a good effect. It can diagnose the nature of tumor quickly and accurately, and provide strong support for follow-up treatment. It is worth popularizing.展开更多
BACKGROUND Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)offers valuable reference data for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)through dynamic enhancement patterns and quantitative analysis.AIM To evaluate the cl...BACKGROUND Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)offers valuable reference data for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)through dynamic enhancement patterns and quantitative analysis.AIM To evaluate the clinical value,diagnostic accuracy,and imaging characteristics of CEUS in the early diagnosis of HCC and its correlation with HCC pathological findings.METHODS This single-center retrospective study included 125 patients suspected of having primary liver cancer who underwent CEUS at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Imaging of our hospital from January 2022 to March 2024.All patients were diagnosed with HCC via postoperative pathology or puncture histology.All patients underwent conventional ultrasound examination and CEUS,while some underwent computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging examination.Clinical data,liver function,serological indicators,and imaging results were collected.Key CEUS indicators,including arterial phase enhancement time(APT)and peak enhancement intensity(PEI),were analyzed.RESULTS Of the 125 patients,66.40%were male,with a mean age of 56.74±11.25 years.Conventional type HCC accounted for 71.20%,with histological grades I(14.40%),II(51.20%),and III-IV(34.40%).CEUS enhancement patterns included“fast-in and fast-out”(36%),“fast-in and slow-out”(40%),and“continuous enhancement”(24%).APT<15 seconds was observed in 40%of patients,and PEI≥1.5 in 56%.Correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlations between tumor differentiation grade and APT,washout completion time,and longest diameter(P<0.01).Logistic regression identified PEI[odds ratio(OR)=3.374],WIT(OR=0.541),lesion boundary characteristics,and APT(OR=0.471)as significant predictors.Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated high diagnostic performance:PEI(area under the curve=0.893),WIT(0.851),lesion boundary characteristics(0.876),and APT(0.864),all with Youden’s index>0.4.Subgroup analysis showed comparable overall diagnostic performance between CEUS and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging,but computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging had higher sensitivity and specificity for Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System 5 lesions(P=0.032).CONCLUSION CEUS holds significant clinical value in the early diagnosis of HCC,as it effectively identifies the typical imaging characteristics of early-stage HCC through dynamic contrast enhancement and quantitative analysis,particularly during the arterial and portal phases.As a non-invasive,cost-effective,and efficient imaging modality,CEUS has a broad clinical application potential.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)is a standardized therapeutic approach for early carcinoma of the digestive tracts.In this regard,the process of histopathological diagnosis requires standardization.How...BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)is a standardized therapeutic approach for early carcinoma of the digestive tracts.In this regard,the process of histopathological diagnosis requires standardization.However,the uneven development of healthcare in China,especially in eastern and western China,creates challenges for sharing a standardized diagnostic process.AIM To optimize the process of ESD specimen sampling,embedding and slide production,and to provide complete and accurate pathological reports.METHODS We established a practical process of specimen sampling,created standardized reporting templates,and trained pathologists from neighboring hospitals and those in the western region.A training effectiveness survey was conducted,and the collected data were assessed by the corresponding percentages.RESULTS A total of 111 valid feedback forms have been received,among which 58%of the participants obtained photographs during specimen collection,whereas the percentage increased to 79%after training.Only 58%and 62%of the respondents ensured the mucosal tissue strips were flat and their order remained unchanged;after training,these two proportions increased to 95%and 92%,respectively.Approximately half the participants measured the depth of the submucosal infiltration,which significantly increased to 95%after training.The percentage of pathologists who did not evaluate lymphovascular invasion effectively reduced.Only 22%of the participants had fixed clinic-pathological meetings before training,which increased to 49%after training.The number of participants who had a thorough understanding of endoscopic diagnosis also significantly increased.CONCLUSION There have been significant improvements in the process of specimen collection,section quality,and pathology reporting in trained hospitals.Therefore,our study provides valuable insights for others facing similar challenges.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to develop a deep multiscale image learning system(DMILS)to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid follicular neoplasms on multiscale whole-slide images(WSIs)of intraoperative frozen pat...Objective:This study aims to develop a deep multiscale image learning system(DMILS)to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid follicular neoplasms on multiscale whole-slide images(WSIs)of intraoperative frozen pathological images.Methods:A total of 1,213 patients were divided into training and validation sets,an internal test set,a pooled external test set,and a pooled prospective test set at three centers.DMILS was constructed using a deep learningbased weakly supervised method based on multiscale WSIs at 10×,20×,and 40×magnifications.The performance of the DMILS was compared with that of a single magnification and validated in two pathologist-unidentified subsets.Results:The DMILS yielded good performance,with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)of 0.848,0.857,0.810,and 0.787 in the training and validation sets,internal test set,pooled external test set,and pooled prospective test set,respectively.The AUC of the DMILS was higher than that of a single magnification,with 0.788 of 10×,0.824 of 20×,and 0.775 of 40×in the internal test set.Moreover,DMILS yielded satisfactory performance on the two pathologist-unidentified subsets.Furthermore,the most indicative region predicted by DMILS is the follicular epithelium.Conclusions:DMILS has good performance in differentiating thyroid follicular neoplasms on multiscale WSIs of intraoperative frozen pathological images.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathologic characteristics and theprognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder(NECB)in order to assist in making a precise diagnosis and to effectivelytreat the disease.METHODS Clinico...OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathologic characteristics and theprognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder(NECB)in order to assist in making a precise diagnosis and to effectivelytreat the disease.METHODS Clinicopathologic features of the 6 cases with NECBwere analyzed retrospectively.The personal data of the patientsand the pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics ofthe tumor were investigated.The follow-up of these patients wasconducted over a time period ranging from 3 months to 9 years.RESULTS Transurethral resection of the bladder tumorwas performed in all 6 patients.Based on the results of thepathologic examination,4 of the cases were diagnosed as smallcell neuroendocrine carcinoma and the other 2 were diagnosedas atypical carcinoid tumor.On immunohistochemical stainingall tumors expressed neuroendocrine markers includingneuronspecific enolase(CD56),synaptophysin(Syn)andchromogranin(CgA).In patients receiving partial cystectomyfollowed by postoperative chemotherapy,relapse was found in 4of the 6 cases on follow up.CONCLUSION NECB is a rare entity and a tumor with highmalignant potential and characteristic pathologic features.Hematuria is the cardinal symptom of NECB.Metastasis mayoccur at an early stage and the prognosis of the disease is poor.Final diagnosis of NECB depends on histopathologic examinationand immunohistochemical assays.Surgical excision combinedwith radiotherapy and chemotherapy is considered an effectivetreatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign tumor-like lesion of the liver, predominantly affect- ing women. Its etiology is obscure and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. FNH should be differentiated ...BACKGROUND: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign tumor-like lesion of the liver, predominantly affect- ing women. Its etiology is obscure and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. FNH should be differentiated from oth- er benign and malignant hepatic lesions. The aim of this study was to explore the pathological characteristics of FNH of the liver. METHODS: Eleven patients with FNH were studied retro- spectively by using hematoxylin and eosin, immunohisto- chemical and histochemical staining. RESULTS: In 8 female and 3 male FNH patients aged 19 to 54 years (mean 32), most of lesions showed central scars macroscopically. Microscopically 8 patients were found of classical type, 2 were of telangiectic type, and 1 was of mixed type. CONCLUSION: FNH is an uncommon benign hyperplastic lesion of the liver. It should be differentiated from hepato- cellular adenoma, alpha-fetoprotein negative hepatocellular carcinoma, and fibrolamellar carcinoma.展开更多
Summary： In order to explore the value of p63, smooth muscle actin （u-SMA） and cytokeratin 5/6 （CK5/6） in the differential diagnosis of ductal lesions of breast, 88 tissue specimens of ductal lesions of breast we...Summary： In order to explore the value of p63, smooth muscle actin （u-SMA） and cytokeratin 5/6 （CK5/6） in the differential diagnosis of ductal lesions of breast, 88 tissue specimens of ductal lesions of breast were collected and examined histologically by HE staining. By using immunohistochemistry, the expression of p63, α-SMA and CK5/6 was detected. The results showed that in 38 cases of benign breast lesions, the proliferating cells were all positive for p63 and α-SMA. In 19 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ （DCIS） and 7 cases of intraductal papillary carcinoma, α-SMA positive cells formed a layer of continuous embroider-shaped structure and the p63 positive cells formed a layer of evenly separated embroider-shaped structure around the ducts. There was no cross-reaction between p63 and interstitial myofibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. In 38 cases of benign breast lesions, the positive rate of CK5/6 expression was 100 %. In 5 cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia, there were few positive cells in the ducts. In 19 cases of CDIS, no tumor cells expressed CK5/6. In 19 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, almost no CK5/6 was detectable. It was suggested that p63 could serve as a novel specific marker for the identification of breast myoepithelial cells. CK5/6 is of value in differentiating ductal proliferation of varying degrees, especially in the differentiation between cancerous and non-cancerous changes. Simultaneous detection of p63, CK5/6 and α-SMA can help increase the diagnostic accuracy of breast diseases.展开更多
Objective:To explore the expression of sterol oxygen-acyltransferase 1(SOAT1)in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and to evaluate the application value of its combination with various markers(HSP70,GS,CD10,CD34)in the ...Objective:To explore the expression of sterol oxygen-acyltransferase 1(SOAT1)in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and to evaluate the application value of its combination with various markers(HSP70,GS,CD10,CD34)in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Totally 58 cases of liver cancer tissue and its corresponding adjacent tissue,and 12 cases of benign liver lesions tissue were collected,and tissue chips were made to detect the expressions of SOAT1,HSP70,GS,CD10 and CD34(immunohistochemical staining method)which were analyzed by scientific method.Results:The expression of SOAT1 was up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01),and the expression level was closely related to the differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma patients(P<0.05).SOAT1 was correlated with the expression of HSP70,GS,and CD34,with statistical significance(P<0.01).Positive percent agreement for the hepatocellular carcinoma was 100.00% for CD34,89.66% for GS,82.75% for HSP70,63.79% for CD10,and 63.79% for SOAT1;negative percent agreement(paracancerous tissues)was 100% for SOAT1,98.27 %for CD10,96.55% for HSP70,34.48% for CD34,and 5.17% for GS;Negative percent agreement(benign tissues)was 100%for SOAT1,83.34% for CD10,100.00% for HSP70,8.33% for CD34,and 0% for GS,respectively.Taking the positive expression of any three markers as the diagnostic criteria,39 of the 58 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma could be diagnosed,and the diagnostic rate was 67.24%(SOAT1 was not included in the list of markers).If SOAT1 is included,48 of the 58 hepatocellular carcinoma cases could be diagnosed,and the diagnosis rate could be increased to 82.76%.Conclusions:The expression level of SOAT1 was significantly up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma,and the expression level was higher in poorly differentiated HCC,suggesting that SOAT1 can be used as one of the indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Among the five markers above,CD34 and GS were more sensitive,while the specificity is better for SOAT1,CD10 and HSP70.The combined application of SOAT1 with HSP70,GS,CD10 and CD34 has certain application value in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of frozen section pathology in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods:A total of 50 patients with breast tumors treated between July 2021 and February 2023 were randomly selec...Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of frozen section pathology in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods:A total of 50 patients with breast tumors treated between July 2021 and February 2023 were randomly selected as samples.Both paraffin section and frozen section diagnoses were conducted.The paraffin section results served as the gold standard for evaluating the value of frozen section examination.Results:Among the frozen section diagnoses,48 cases(96.00%)were confirmed,1 case was misdiagnosed(2.00%),and 1 case was delayed(2.00%).Among the confirmed patients,45 cases(90.00%)were entirely consistent,and 3 cases(6.00%)were basically consistent.The diagnostic rate of the frozen section was 96.00%,compared with 100.00%for the paraffin section(P>0.05).The diagnostic time of the frozen section(35.25±2.11 min)was significantly shorter than that for the paraffin section(6911.36±58.36 min;P<0.05).Conclusion:Frozen section diagnosis is rapid and demonstrates relatively high diagnostic accuracy.It can guide doctors in determining whether to pursue breast-conserving treatment and aid in selecting appropriate surgical methods.This is beneficial for preventing unnecessary medical interventions and reducing the need for secondary surgeries in breast cancer patients.展开更多
Due to the rapid progression and poor prognosis of esophageal cancer(EC),the early detection and diagnosis of early EC are of great value for the prognosis improvement of patients.However,the endoscopic detection of e...Due to the rapid progression and poor prognosis of esophageal cancer(EC),the early detection and diagnosis of early EC are of great value for the prognosis improvement of patients.However,the endoscopic detection of early EC,especially Barrett's dysplasia or squamous epithelial dysplasia,is difficult.Therefore,the requirement for more efficient methods of detection and characterization of early EC has led to intensive research in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).Deep learning(DL)has brought about breakthroughs in processing images,videos,and other aspects,whereas convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have shone lights on detection of endoscopic images and videos.Many studies on CNNs in endoscopic analysis of early EC demonstrate excellent performance including sensitivity and specificity and progress gradually from in vitro image analysis for classification to real-time detection of early esophageal neoplasia.When AI technique comes to the pathological diagnosis,borderline lesions that are difficult to determine may become easier than before.In gene diagnosis,due to the lack of tissue specificity of gene diagnostic markers,they can only be used as supplementary measures at present.In predicting the risk of cancer,there is still a lack of prospective clinical research to confirm the accuracy of the risk stratification model.展开更多
BACKGROUND Solitary splenic tuberculosis(TB) is unusual and rarely reported.Whether splenic TB is best treated surgically is still controversial.We describe a 73-year-old man with solitary splenic TB and no extrapulmo...BACKGROUND Solitary splenic tuberculosis(TB) is unusual and rarely reported.Whether splenic TB is best treated surgically is still controversial.We describe a 73-year-old man with solitary splenic TB and no extrapulmonary TB.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 73-year-old man with solitary splenic TB who complained of emaciation and fatigue.Abdominal computed tomography(CT) images suggested a splenic space-occupying lesion.We then performed a CT-guided splenic biopsy.The postoperative pathological examination revealed splenic TB.The patient took quadruple anti-TB medication.After 1 year,the patient recovered his normal weight and had no feeling of fatigue,and the splenic lesion had shrunk significantly.CONCLUSION If patients receive combined,appropriate,regular,full-time anti-TB treatment,solitary splenic TB may be cured.展开更多
Histopathology plays a great role in diagnosing various diseases,which is considered as a golden standard for tumor identification.The tissue constituents must be stained by visible labels for microscopic analysis by ...Histopathology plays a great role in diagnosing various diseases,which is considered as a golden standard for tumor identification.The tissue constituents must be stained by visible labels for microscopic analysis by medical experts.However,this process is time-consuming,labor-intensive,and expensive,which requires rapid pathological approaches for diagnosis in the operating room.Here,we present an easy-to-process and high-performance perovskite biological probes for rapid and visual pathological diagnosis of glioma.Perovskite quantum dots can be encapsulated by the copolymer into nanocrystals(PNCs)with a diameter of 100 nm,which is modified with chlorotoxin to achieve the specific recognition of glioma.Benefiting from the super photoluminescence quantum yield(above 93%)of EVA@PNCs aqueous solution,the glioma can be clearly imaged and captured via a smartphone under the excitation of a handheld UV lamp.To demonstrate the visualization and efficiency of PNC probes,different malignant grades of brain tumor sections can be distinguished in no more than 5 min.This strategy provides a general auxiliary diagnosis platform for achieving the histopathology analysis near the operating bed,which is currently not feasible with standard histochemical staining methods.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the ophthalmic manifestations,radiographic features,and prognosis of Chinese patients with primary orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma(MCS).METHODS:The study included 6 cases with primary orbital MCS tr...AIM:To evaluate the ophthalmic manifestations,radiographic features,and prognosis of Chinese patients with primary orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma(MCS).METHODS:The study included 6 cases with primary orbital MCS treated at Tianjin Eye Hospital from January 2009 to December 2019.Patitent ophthalmic manifestations,radiographic features,diagnosis,pathology,therapeutic regimens,and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS:Six patitents with primary orbital MCS were identified.The mean age at the first visit was 33y(range,25-42y).All six patients displayed manifestations of exophthalmos,diplopia,limitation of eye displacement,upper eyelid oedema,decreased visual acuity and ptosis.The mean disease history and range were 5 and 2-8mo,respectively.The tumors were located in the superonasal extraconal compartment(2/6,33.3%),intraconal compartment(2/6,33.3%),and bitemporal extraconal compartment(2/6,33.3%),respectively.Radiographic features were a well-defined,orbital mass with calcification and ossification on computed tomography(CT),and marked heterogenous enhancement on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Five patients were treated with tumor resection and one patient received orbital exenteration.Five patients in the cohort received postoperative radiation therapy,two patients received chemotherapy,and one patient did not receive postoperative adjuvant therapy because he refused.The histopathologic classification revealed a tumour composed of a mixture of mature chondroid tissue surrounded by small,round,and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.Immunohistochemistry revealed Bcl-2,vimetin,CD99,and S-100 were expressed were expressed.After surgeries,two patients have developed a local recurrence.The median recurrence time of 58 mo(52-64 mo).One patient had distant recurrence included the lungs occurred 52mo after the initial surgery.CONCLUSION:The possibilty of orbital MCS need to be considered when a painless,slowly growing orbital mass with calcification and ossification.From our experience,trimodality treatment of radiation therapy,chemotherapy and surgery maybe the best option.Orbital MCS has a high tendency for late recurrence,regular long-term follow-up after complete excision is mandatory.展开更多
BACKGROUND Angiolipoma has been reported in many cases,and it often occurs in the skin of the trunk and limbs.However,angiolipoma in the scrotum is a rare disease with unknown etiology.This condition is difficult to d...BACKGROUND Angiolipoma has been reported in many cases,and it often occurs in the skin of the trunk and limbs.However,angiolipoma in the scrotum is a rare disease with unknown etiology.This condition is difficult to diagnosis with other lumps in the scrotum.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old man presented to the urinary department with a history of an enlarged left scrotum with increasing discomfort for about 5 years.Physical examination revealed that there were a palpable mass measuring about 7.0 cm×6.5 cm in the left scrotum,with smooth surfaces but without tenderness or adhesion to the skin.Ultrasound showed that there was a hyperechoic mass under the skin of the top scrotum,about 72 mm×64 mm×21 mm in size,with clear borders,uneven internal echo,and abundant blood flow signals.Serum human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein were in normal level.Subcutaneous mass resection at the bottom of the left scrotum was performed under local anesthesia with 1%lidocaine.Postoperative pathological examination resulted in a diagnosis of subcutaneous angiolipoma of the scrotum.No evidence of recurrence was found at 6 mo after surgery and there were no complaints of discomfort.CONCLUSION Angiolipoma is an extremely rare type of benign tumor extremely rarely found in the scrotum,but needs to be considered when evaluating scrotal masses especially when the mass is solid.According to the characteristics of angiolipoma,surgical resection is the best treatment strategy and it is not prone to recurrence after resection.展开更多
文摘With the progress of science and technology as well as the development of ultrasound technology,more and more thyroid tumors have been found.Follicular tumor is one of the most common thyroid tumors,but borderline follicular tumors are relatively rare.At present,the diagnosis of borderline follicular thyroid tumor is unclear prior to surgery,and it is difficult to identify in frozen section or even conventional section.In order to effectively improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of borderline follicular thyroid tumor,this paper summarizes the new WHO(World Health Organization)classification of borderline follicular thyroid tumor along with diagnostic methods,including clinical fine needle aspiration cytology,histopathology,and molecular biology,and reviews the research progress.
文摘Objective: to explore the value of pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Methods: from January 2020 to December 2020, 200 patients with thyroid diseases were selected for paraffin pathological diagnosis. Results: 164 cases (82.00%) were female and 36 cases (18.00%) were male. Conclusion: the analysis of patients with goiter shows that female goiter is usually more than male goiter, and most of the patients with nodular goiter are benign.
基金Supported by China Scholarship Council,No.202406210298the Scientific Research Project of the Education Department of Anhui Province,No.YJS20210324+1 种基金the Research and Development of Intelligent Surgical Navigation and Operating System for Precise Liver Resection,No.2022ZLA006the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972829.
文摘BACKGROUND Mucosal adenocarcinoma of the descending duodenum is a very rare gastroin-testinal tumor.Due to its low incidence,it has rarely been the focus of clinical and pathological studies.The clinical manifestations of these tumors are usually nonspecific,and they are easily misdiagnosed or missed.Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard for diagnosis,but due to the small number of cases,the relevant pathological characteristics and diagnostic criteria are not completely clear.The purpose of this study was to deepen the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease and to provide a clinical guidance.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman who was hospitalized with recurrent abdominal pain for more than 20 days.The patient developed epigastric pain with no obvious cause more than 20 days prior,mainly left epigastric pain and middle epigastric pain,and presented persistent dull pain without nausea or vomiting,fever or chills.The patient was treated at a local hospital,gastroscopy revealed a new lesion in the circum-intestinal cavity in the descending part of the duodenum,and pathological biopsy revealed mucous adenocarcinoma in the descending part of the duode-num.Currently,for further diagnosis and treatment,the patient is admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment for“malignant tumor of the duodenum”in the outpatient department.CONCLUSION Mucosal adenocarcinoma of the descending duodenum has a high misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate,clinical manifestations lack specificity,and pathological diagnosis is the main basis for diagnosis.
文摘Objectvie: to study the specific methods of gastroscopic diagnosis and pathological diagnosis in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis, evaluate its application value, and analyze the results of gastroscopic and pathological examinations, the pathological changes of gastroscopy, and the manifestations under gastroscopy. Methods: in this experiment, from February 28, 2020 to March 30, 2022, patients with chronic gastritis were used as research samples, a total of 100 cases and all cases were examined by gastroscopy and pathological examination, and pathological examination was used as the gold indicator with evaluation above clinical efficacy. Results: there was no significant difference between gastroscope and pathological examination. ( P>0.05 );among 100 cases of chronic gastritis, 37 cases of chronic gastritis were diagnosed by gastroscopy in 37 cases ( 37.00% ), 63 cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis ( 63.00% ), 33 cases of pathological examination ( 33.00% ), and 33 cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis (33.00%). There were 67 cases ( 67.00% ) of gastritis;in gastroscopy, the missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate were 9.09%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 10.45%;sensitivity, accuracy, specificity;positive predictive value 90.91% (30/33), 90.00% (90/100), 89.55% (60/67), 81.08% (30/37), 95.24 (60/63) );the incidence of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis was lower than that in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, and the comparison was significant ( P<0.05 ). The incidence of erythema and red and white ( mainly red ) was higher than that of the latter, and the incidence of red and white ( mainly white ) was lower than that of the latter;P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: the application value of gastroscopic diagnosis is high, which can improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis, and promote the improvement of disease prognosis and the implementation of targeted treatment measures, which is suitable for popular use.
文摘Objective: to compare and analyze the role of immunohistochemistry and conventional methods in the pathological diagnosis of tumors. Methods: 50 cases of tumor patients admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the research subjects for comparative diagnosis. Each group consisted of 25 patients. The control group received conventional techniques and the study group received immunohistochemistry. The post-technical positive detection rate, patient acceptance, satisfaction and negative emotion scores were compared between the two diagnostic methods. Results: the analysis of patients' diagnostic results showed that the positive rate of pathological diagnosis in the study group was slightly higher than that in the control group, and there was no statistical difference in the comparison results (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the application of immunohistochemical technology in tumor pathological diagnosis can further improve the accuracy of pathological diagnosis results, improve the patient's diagnostic acceptability and satisfaction with diagnosis, which has an important significance in the application of diagnosis.
基金2024 Hebei Provincial Health Commision and Medical Science Research Project Plan“Research on the Mechanism of CREB3 Family Members Regulating Tumor Immunity in Breast Carcinoma”(Project No.:20240287)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical value of immunohistochemistry(IHC)detection in the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods:Eighty breast cancer patients admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected as study subjects.The samples were divided into a positive group(40 cases)and a negative group(40 cases)according to ER and PR test results.Immunohistochemistry was performed on all patients to compare the differences between the two groups in C-erbB-2 positive expression and axillary lymph node metastasis.Results:The positive expression rate of C-erbB-2 in the positive group(35.00%)was significantly lower than that in the negative group(80.00%),with a highly significant difference(P<0.001).The axillary lymph node metastasis rate in the positive group(40.00%)was significantly lower than that in the negative group(75.00%),with a significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Immunohistochemical detection in breast cancer pathology enhances diagnostic accuracy,predicts prognosis,and supports personalized treatment by identifying ER,PR,and C-erbB-2.It is worth being widely adopted in clinical practice.
文摘Objective: to explore the clinical value of frozen section in the diagnosis of pathological tumors. Methods: 162 tumor specimens collected during the operation in the Department of pathology of our hospital from June 2018 to may 2020 were selected as the research objects. These samples were randomly divided into reference group and experimental group, of which 83 samples were in the reference group and 79 samples were in the experimental group.T he patients in the reference group were diagnosed and treated by routine paraffin section, and the patients in the experimental group were diagnosed by frozen section. The diagnostic coincidence rate and detection quality of the two groups were compared. Results: the diagnostic coincidence rates of the two groups were compared. 83 samples in the reference group were pathologically diagnosed by conventional paraffin section technology, including 49 benign tumors, 19 malignant tumors and 15 borderline tumors. A total of 71 tumors were detected, and the actual diagnostic coincidence rate was 85.54% (71 / 83). Among 79 samples in the experimental group, frozen section technology was used for diagnosis, There were 47 cases of benign tumors, 20 cases of malignant tumors and 12 cases of borderline tumors. A total of 77 cases of tumors were detected. The actual diagnostic coincidence rate was 97.47% (77 / 79). In the comparative diagnostic coincidence rate, it was found that there were significant differences between the groups and the P value was (P = 0.0387). Therefore, the statistical significance obviously had tenable conditions;The score of cell morphology and structure in the contrast test group (75 ± 8) was 16.0, while the score of cell morphology and structure in the contrast test group (61 ± 8) was (1.0), and the score of cell morphology and structure in the contrast test group was (1 ± 8). In the comparison of various test quality scoring indexes, it was found that there were significant differences between the groups, and the P values were (P < 0.05) and the statistical significance was established. Conclusion: the application of frozen section technology in the pathological diagnosis process of tumor has a good effect. It can diagnose the nature of tumor quickly and accurately, and provide strong support for follow-up treatment. It is worth popularizing.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Program of Chinese Medicine and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine in Guangzhou,No.20252A010001and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,No.2024A03J1029.
文摘BACKGROUND Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)offers valuable reference data for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)through dynamic enhancement patterns and quantitative analysis.AIM To evaluate the clinical value,diagnostic accuracy,and imaging characteristics of CEUS in the early diagnosis of HCC and its correlation with HCC pathological findings.METHODS This single-center retrospective study included 125 patients suspected of having primary liver cancer who underwent CEUS at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Imaging of our hospital from January 2022 to March 2024.All patients were diagnosed with HCC via postoperative pathology or puncture histology.All patients underwent conventional ultrasound examination and CEUS,while some underwent computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging examination.Clinical data,liver function,serological indicators,and imaging results were collected.Key CEUS indicators,including arterial phase enhancement time(APT)and peak enhancement intensity(PEI),were analyzed.RESULTS Of the 125 patients,66.40%were male,with a mean age of 56.74±11.25 years.Conventional type HCC accounted for 71.20%,with histological grades I(14.40%),II(51.20%),and III-IV(34.40%).CEUS enhancement patterns included“fast-in and fast-out”(36%),“fast-in and slow-out”(40%),and“continuous enhancement”(24%).APT<15 seconds was observed in 40%of patients,and PEI≥1.5 in 56%.Correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlations between tumor differentiation grade and APT,washout completion time,and longest diameter(P<0.01).Logistic regression identified PEI[odds ratio(OR)=3.374],WIT(OR=0.541),lesion boundary characteristics,and APT(OR=0.471)as significant predictors.Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated high diagnostic performance:PEI(area under the curve=0.893),WIT(0.851),lesion boundary characteristics(0.876),and APT(0.864),all with Youden’s index>0.4.Subgroup analysis showed comparable overall diagnostic performance between CEUS and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging,but computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging had higher sensitivity and specificity for Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System 5 lesions(P=0.032).CONCLUSION CEUS holds significant clinical value in the early diagnosis of HCC,as it effectively identifies the typical imaging characteristics of early-stage HCC through dynamic contrast enhancement and quantitative analysis,particularly during the arterial and portal phases.As a non-invasive,cost-effective,and efficient imaging modality,CEUS has a broad clinical application potential.
基金Supported by the Medical Education Research Project from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,No.2021-7the Clinical Trials Fund from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,No.2022-YXZX-XH-04National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82203063.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)is a standardized therapeutic approach for early carcinoma of the digestive tracts.In this regard,the process of histopathological diagnosis requires standardization.However,the uneven development of healthcare in China,especially in eastern and western China,creates challenges for sharing a standardized diagnostic process.AIM To optimize the process of ESD specimen sampling,embedding and slide production,and to provide complete and accurate pathological reports.METHODS We established a practical process of specimen sampling,created standardized reporting templates,and trained pathologists from neighboring hospitals and those in the western region.A training effectiveness survey was conducted,and the collected data were assessed by the corresponding percentages.RESULTS A total of 111 valid feedback forms have been received,among which 58%of the participants obtained photographs during specimen collection,whereas the percentage increased to 79%after training.Only 58%and 62%of the respondents ensured the mucosal tissue strips were flat and their order remained unchanged;after training,these two proportions increased to 95%and 92%,respectively.Approximately half the participants measured the depth of the submucosal infiltration,which significantly increased to 95%after training.The percentage of pathologists who did not evaluate lymphovascular invasion effectively reduced.Only 22%of the participants had fixed clinic-pathological meetings before training,which increased to 49%after training.The number of participants who had a thorough understanding of endoscopic diagnosis also significantly increased.CONCLUSION There have been significant improvements in the process of specimen collection,section quality,and pathology reporting in trained hospitals.Therefore,our study provides valuable insights for others facing similar challenges.
基金supported by the Taishan Scholar Project(No.ts20190991,tsqn202211378)the Key R&D Project of Shandong Province(No.2022CXPT023)the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82371933)。
文摘Objective:This study aims to develop a deep multiscale image learning system(DMILS)to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid follicular neoplasms on multiscale whole-slide images(WSIs)of intraoperative frozen pathological images.Methods:A total of 1,213 patients were divided into training and validation sets,an internal test set,a pooled external test set,and a pooled prospective test set at three centers.DMILS was constructed using a deep learningbased weakly supervised method based on multiscale WSIs at 10×,20×,and 40×magnifications.The performance of the DMILS was compared with that of a single magnification and validated in two pathologist-unidentified subsets.Results:The DMILS yielded good performance,with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)of 0.848,0.857,0.810,and 0.787 in the training and validation sets,internal test set,pooled external test set,and pooled prospective test set,respectively.The AUC of the DMILS was higher than that of a single magnification,with 0.788 of 10×,0.824 of 20×,and 0.775 of 40×in the internal test set.Moreover,DMILS yielded satisfactory performance on the two pathologist-unidentified subsets.Furthermore,the most indicative region predicted by DMILS is the follicular epithelium.Conclusions:DMILS has good performance in differentiating thyroid follicular neoplasms on multiscale WSIs of intraoperative frozen pathological images.
文摘OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathologic characteristics and theprognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder(NECB)in order to assist in making a precise diagnosis and to effectivelytreat the disease.METHODS Clinicopathologic features of the 6 cases with NECBwere analyzed retrospectively.The personal data of the patientsand the pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics ofthe tumor were investigated.The follow-up of these patients wasconducted over a time period ranging from 3 months to 9 years.RESULTS Transurethral resection of the bladder tumorwas performed in all 6 patients.Based on the results of thepathologic examination,4 of the cases were diagnosed as smallcell neuroendocrine carcinoma and the other 2 were diagnosedas atypical carcinoid tumor.On immunohistochemical stainingall tumors expressed neuroendocrine markers includingneuronspecific enolase(CD56),synaptophysin(Syn)andchromogranin(CgA).In patients receiving partial cystectomyfollowed by postoperative chemotherapy,relapse was found in 4of the 6 cases on follow up.CONCLUSION NECB is a rare entity and a tumor with highmalignant potential and characteristic pathologic features.Hematuria is the cardinal symptom of NECB.Metastasis mayoccur at an early stage and the prognosis of the disease is poor.Final diagnosis of NECB depends on histopathologic examinationand immunohistochemical assays.Surgical excision combinedwith radiotherapy and chemotherapy is considered an effectivetreatment.
文摘BACKGROUND: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a benign tumor-like lesion of the liver, predominantly affect- ing women. Its etiology is obscure and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. FNH should be differentiated from oth- er benign and malignant hepatic lesions. The aim of this study was to explore the pathological characteristics of FNH of the liver. METHODS: Eleven patients with FNH were studied retro- spectively by using hematoxylin and eosin, immunohisto- chemical and histochemical staining. RESULTS: In 8 female and 3 male FNH patients aged 19 to 54 years (mean 32), most of lesions showed central scars macroscopically. Microscopically 8 patients were found of classical type, 2 were of telangiectic type, and 1 was of mixed type. CONCLUSION: FNH is an uncommon benign hyperplastic lesion of the liver. It should be differentiated from hepato- cellular adenoma, alpha-fetoprotein negative hepatocellular carcinoma, and fibrolamellar carcinoma.
文摘Summary： In order to explore the value of p63, smooth muscle actin （u-SMA） and cytokeratin 5/6 （CK5/6） in the differential diagnosis of ductal lesions of breast, 88 tissue specimens of ductal lesions of breast were collected and examined histologically by HE staining. By using immunohistochemistry, the expression of p63, α-SMA and CK5/6 was detected. The results showed that in 38 cases of benign breast lesions, the proliferating cells were all positive for p63 and α-SMA. In 19 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ （DCIS） and 7 cases of intraductal papillary carcinoma, α-SMA positive cells formed a layer of continuous embroider-shaped structure and the p63 positive cells formed a layer of evenly separated embroider-shaped structure around the ducts. There was no cross-reaction between p63 and interstitial myofibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. In 38 cases of benign breast lesions, the positive rate of CK5/6 expression was 100 %. In 5 cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia, there were few positive cells in the ducts. In 19 cases of CDIS, no tumor cells expressed CK5/6. In 19 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, almost no CK5/6 was detectable. It was suggested that p63 could serve as a novel specific marker for the identification of breast myoepithelial cells. CK5/6 is of value in differentiating ductal proliferation of varying degrees, especially in the differentiation between cancerous and non-cancerous changes. Simultaneous detection of p63, CK5/6 and α-SMA can help increase the diagnostic accuracy of breast diseases.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(No.820RC763)。
文摘Objective:To explore the expression of sterol oxygen-acyltransferase 1(SOAT1)in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and to evaluate the application value of its combination with various markers(HSP70,GS,CD10,CD34)in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Totally 58 cases of liver cancer tissue and its corresponding adjacent tissue,and 12 cases of benign liver lesions tissue were collected,and tissue chips were made to detect the expressions of SOAT1,HSP70,GS,CD10 and CD34(immunohistochemical staining method)which were analyzed by scientific method.Results:The expression of SOAT1 was up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01),and the expression level was closely related to the differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma patients(P<0.05).SOAT1 was correlated with the expression of HSP70,GS,and CD34,with statistical significance(P<0.01).Positive percent agreement for the hepatocellular carcinoma was 100.00% for CD34,89.66% for GS,82.75% for HSP70,63.79% for CD10,and 63.79% for SOAT1;negative percent agreement(paracancerous tissues)was 100% for SOAT1,98.27 %for CD10,96.55% for HSP70,34.48% for CD34,and 5.17% for GS;Negative percent agreement(benign tissues)was 100%for SOAT1,83.34% for CD10,100.00% for HSP70,8.33% for CD34,and 0% for GS,respectively.Taking the positive expression of any three markers as the diagnostic criteria,39 of the 58 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma could be diagnosed,and the diagnostic rate was 67.24%(SOAT1 was not included in the list of markers).If SOAT1 is included,48 of the 58 hepatocellular carcinoma cases could be diagnosed,and the diagnosis rate could be increased to 82.76%.Conclusions:The expression level of SOAT1 was significantly up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma,and the expression level was higher in poorly differentiated HCC,suggesting that SOAT1 can be used as one of the indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Among the five markers above,CD34 and GS were more sensitive,while the specificity is better for SOAT1,CD10 and HSP70.The combined application of SOAT1 with HSP70,GS,CD10 and CD34 has certain application value in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
文摘Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of frozen section pathology in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods:A total of 50 patients with breast tumors treated between July 2021 and February 2023 were randomly selected as samples.Both paraffin section and frozen section diagnoses were conducted.The paraffin section results served as the gold standard for evaluating the value of frozen section examination.Results:Among the frozen section diagnoses,48 cases(96.00%)were confirmed,1 case was misdiagnosed(2.00%),and 1 case was delayed(2.00%).Among the confirmed patients,45 cases(90.00%)were entirely consistent,and 3 cases(6.00%)were basically consistent.The diagnostic rate of the frozen section was 96.00%,compared with 100.00%for the paraffin section(P>0.05).The diagnostic time of the frozen section(35.25±2.11 min)was significantly shorter than that for the paraffin section(6911.36±58.36 min;P<0.05).Conclusion:Frozen section diagnosis is rapid and demonstrates relatively high diagnostic accuracy.It can guide doctors in determining whether to pursue breast-conserving treatment and aid in selecting appropriate surgical methods.This is beneficial for preventing unnecessary medical interventions and reducing the need for secondary surgeries in breast cancer patients.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province,No.2018GZ0088Science&Technology Bureau of Chengdu,China,No.2017-CY02-00023-GX.
文摘Due to the rapid progression and poor prognosis of esophageal cancer(EC),the early detection and diagnosis of early EC are of great value for the prognosis improvement of patients.However,the endoscopic detection of early EC,especially Barrett's dysplasia or squamous epithelial dysplasia,is difficult.Therefore,the requirement for more efficient methods of detection and characterization of early EC has led to intensive research in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).Deep learning(DL)has brought about breakthroughs in processing images,videos,and other aspects,whereas convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have shone lights on detection of endoscopic images and videos.Many studies on CNNs in endoscopic analysis of early EC demonstrate excellent performance including sensitivity and specificity and progress gradually from in vitro image analysis for classification to real-time detection of early esophageal neoplasia.When AI technique comes to the pathological diagnosis,borderline lesions that are difficult to determine may become easier than before.In gene diagnosis,due to the lack of tissue specificity of gene diagnostic markers,they can only be used as supplementary measures at present.In predicting the risk of cancer,there is still a lack of prospective clinical research to confirm the accuracy of the risk stratification model.
文摘BACKGROUND Solitary splenic tuberculosis(TB) is unusual and rarely reported.Whether splenic TB is best treated surgically is still controversial.We describe a 73-year-old man with solitary splenic TB and no extrapulmonary TB.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 73-year-old man with solitary splenic TB who complained of emaciation and fatigue.Abdominal computed tomography(CT) images suggested a splenic space-occupying lesion.We then performed a CT-guided splenic biopsy.The postoperative pathological examination revealed splenic TB.The patient took quadruple anti-TB medication.After 1 year,the patient recovered his normal weight and had no feeling of fatigue,and the splenic lesion had shrunk significantly.CONCLUSION If patients receive combined,appropriate,regular,full-time anti-TB treatment,solitary splenic TB may be cured.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52222313,22075296,91963212,32271108Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,Grant/Award Numbers:Z201100006820037,Z211100002121001+1 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS,Grant/Award Number:2020032Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,Grant/Award Number:BNLMSCXXM-202005。
文摘Histopathology plays a great role in diagnosing various diseases,which is considered as a golden standard for tumor identification.The tissue constituents must be stained by visible labels for microscopic analysis by medical experts.However,this process is time-consuming,labor-intensive,and expensive,which requires rapid pathological approaches for diagnosis in the operating room.Here,we present an easy-to-process and high-performance perovskite biological probes for rapid and visual pathological diagnosis of glioma.Perovskite quantum dots can be encapsulated by the copolymer into nanocrystals(PNCs)with a diameter of 100 nm,which is modified with chlorotoxin to achieve the specific recognition of glioma.Benefiting from the super photoluminescence quantum yield(above 93%)of EVA@PNCs aqueous solution,the glioma can be clearly imaged and captured via a smartphone under the excitation of a handheld UV lamp.To demonstrate the visualization and efficiency of PNC probes,different malignant grades of brain tumor sections can be distinguished in no more than 5 min.This strategy provides a general auxiliary diagnosis platform for achieving the histopathology analysis near the operating bed,which is currently not feasible with standard histochemical staining methods.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin Eye Hospital (No.YKYB1914,No.YKQN2004)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the ophthalmic manifestations,radiographic features,and prognosis of Chinese patients with primary orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma(MCS).METHODS:The study included 6 cases with primary orbital MCS treated at Tianjin Eye Hospital from January 2009 to December 2019.Patitent ophthalmic manifestations,radiographic features,diagnosis,pathology,therapeutic regimens,and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS:Six patitents with primary orbital MCS were identified.The mean age at the first visit was 33y(range,25-42y).All six patients displayed manifestations of exophthalmos,diplopia,limitation of eye displacement,upper eyelid oedema,decreased visual acuity and ptosis.The mean disease history and range were 5 and 2-8mo,respectively.The tumors were located in the superonasal extraconal compartment(2/6,33.3%),intraconal compartment(2/6,33.3%),and bitemporal extraconal compartment(2/6,33.3%),respectively.Radiographic features were a well-defined,orbital mass with calcification and ossification on computed tomography(CT),and marked heterogenous enhancement on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Five patients were treated with tumor resection and one patient received orbital exenteration.Five patients in the cohort received postoperative radiation therapy,two patients received chemotherapy,and one patient did not receive postoperative adjuvant therapy because he refused.The histopathologic classification revealed a tumour composed of a mixture of mature chondroid tissue surrounded by small,round,and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.Immunohistochemistry revealed Bcl-2,vimetin,CD99,and S-100 were expressed were expressed.After surgeries,two patients have developed a local recurrence.The median recurrence time of 58 mo(52-64 mo).One patient had distant recurrence included the lungs occurred 52mo after the initial surgery.CONCLUSION:The possibilty of orbital MCS need to be considered when a painless,slowly growing orbital mass with calcification and ossification.From our experience,trimodality treatment of radiation therapy,chemotherapy and surgery maybe the best option.Orbital MCS has a high tendency for late recurrence,regular long-term follow-up after complete excision is mandatory.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Commission Foundation of Shenzhen,No.JCYJ20190808141013454 and No.JCYJ20180305124827261Shenzhen Key Laboratory Foundation,No.ZDSYS20200811143757022.
文摘BACKGROUND Angiolipoma has been reported in many cases,and it often occurs in the skin of the trunk and limbs.However,angiolipoma in the scrotum is a rare disease with unknown etiology.This condition is difficult to diagnosis with other lumps in the scrotum.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old man presented to the urinary department with a history of an enlarged left scrotum with increasing discomfort for about 5 years.Physical examination revealed that there were a palpable mass measuring about 7.0 cm×6.5 cm in the left scrotum,with smooth surfaces but without tenderness or adhesion to the skin.Ultrasound showed that there was a hyperechoic mass under the skin of the top scrotum,about 72 mm×64 mm×21 mm in size,with clear borders,uneven internal echo,and abundant blood flow signals.Serum human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein were in normal level.Subcutaneous mass resection at the bottom of the left scrotum was performed under local anesthesia with 1%lidocaine.Postoperative pathological examination resulted in a diagnosis of subcutaneous angiolipoma of the scrotum.No evidence of recurrence was found at 6 mo after surgery and there were no complaints of discomfort.CONCLUSION Angiolipoma is an extremely rare type of benign tumor extremely rarely found in the scrotum,but needs to be considered when evaluating scrotal masses especially when the mass is solid.According to the characteristics of angiolipoma,surgical resection is the best treatment strategy and it is not prone to recurrence after resection.
