conjugate vaccine(PCV13)has reduced vaccine-type carriage rates,though regarding serotype replacement remain.Methods:This study conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study(February 2023–February 2025)in Suqian,Jiangs...conjugate vaccine(PCV13)has reduced vaccine-type carriage rates,though regarding serotype replacement remain.Methods:This study conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study(February 2023–February 2025)in Suqian,Jiangsu Province,enrolling 2-month-old infants and monitoring for acute respiratory infections(ARIs).Pharyngeal swabs collected during ARIs were analyzed using targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS)to identify respiratory pathogens,and Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae)-positive samples were serotyped using multiplex PCR.Risk ratios(RRs)for S.pneumoniae detection were estimated using Poisson regression,with sensitivity analysis performed using inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW).Results:Among 579 children,1,527 swabs were collected,yielding an overall S.pneumoniae detection incidence of 35.2%.Vaccinated children receiving 3–4 PCV13 doses demonstrated significantly lower detection rates than unvaccinated children[23.1%vs.40.2%;adjusted RR=0.70;95%confidence interval(CI):0.50,0.98;P=0.036].IPTW analysis confirmed these findings.Non-vaccine serotypes predominated,particularly the 10A and 15A/15F strains.Conclusion:PCV13 vaccination was associated with reduced S.pneumoniae detection among children with ARIs,despite dominance of non-vaccine serotypes.Our findings emphasize the importance of ongoing surveillance for S.pneumoniae and highlight the need to expand the serotype coverage of pneumococcal vaccines.展开更多
基金Supported by Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province(grant number:BK20220064).
文摘conjugate vaccine(PCV13)has reduced vaccine-type carriage rates,though regarding serotype replacement remain.Methods:This study conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study(February 2023–February 2025)in Suqian,Jiangsu Province,enrolling 2-month-old infants and monitoring for acute respiratory infections(ARIs).Pharyngeal swabs collected during ARIs were analyzed using targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS)to identify respiratory pathogens,and Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae)-positive samples were serotyped using multiplex PCR.Risk ratios(RRs)for S.pneumoniae detection were estimated using Poisson regression,with sensitivity analysis performed using inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW).Results:Among 579 children,1,527 swabs were collected,yielding an overall S.pneumoniae detection incidence of 35.2%.Vaccinated children receiving 3–4 PCV13 doses demonstrated significantly lower detection rates than unvaccinated children[23.1%vs.40.2%;adjusted RR=0.70;95%confidence interval(CI):0.50,0.98;P=0.036].IPTW analysis confirmed these findings.Non-vaccine serotypes predominated,particularly the 10A and 15A/15F strains.Conclusion:PCV13 vaccination was associated with reduced S.pneumoniae detection among children with ARIs,despite dominance of non-vaccine serotypes.Our findings emphasize the importance of ongoing surveillance for S.pneumoniae and highlight the need to expand the serotype coverage of pneumococcal vaccines.
