Objective:Burkholderiagladioli(B.gladioli)pathovar cocovenenans(BG),a foodborne pathogen,can cause lethal poisoning.Most cases have been reported_in China,primarily originating from fermented cereal products.In this s...Objective:Burkholderiagladioli(B.gladioli)pathovar cocovenenans(BG),a foodborne pathogen,can cause lethal poisoning.Most cases have been reported_in China,primarily originating from fermented cereal products.In this study,we investigated the prevalence of BGC contamination in commercially available fungi and analyzed the environmental conditions for bongkrekic acid(BA)production in Shanghai.BA testing and animal experiments were conducted to confirm the relationship between bon genes and BA biosynthesis,and to clarify the causes of poisoning.Methods:The association between the bon gene cluster and BA synthesis was analyzed through whole-genome sequencing and animal testing to identify the gene cluster responsible for BA synthesis.Results:The overall detection rate of B.gladioli in the 85 samples was 44.7%(38/85).The highest detection rate was in dried black fungus(94.4%;34/36),followed by fresh Tremella fuciformnis(T.fuciformis)(16.6%;2/12),fresh black fungus(9.1%;1/11),and dried T.fuciformis(3.8%;1/26).BGC was detected only in dried black fungus,with a detection rate of 39%(14/36).In the crude extract solutions obtained from the 14 BGC cultures,BA concentrations ranged from 0.33 μg/mL to 714.83 μg/mL.Both the crude extract solution and the ten.-fold concentrated solution caused death in mice.Conclusion:The results of this study demonstrate that all BGC strains carry the bon gene cluster encoding BA,indicating that bonABCDFGHIJKLM plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of BA.展开更多
基金Supported by the Three-Year Initiative Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction in Shanghai(GW Ⅵ-3).
文摘Objective:Burkholderiagladioli(B.gladioli)pathovar cocovenenans(BG),a foodborne pathogen,can cause lethal poisoning.Most cases have been reported_in China,primarily originating from fermented cereal products.In this study,we investigated the prevalence of BGC contamination in commercially available fungi and analyzed the environmental conditions for bongkrekic acid(BA)production in Shanghai.BA testing and animal experiments were conducted to confirm the relationship between bon genes and BA biosynthesis,and to clarify the causes of poisoning.Methods:The association between the bon gene cluster and BA synthesis was analyzed through whole-genome sequencing and animal testing to identify the gene cluster responsible for BA synthesis.Results:The overall detection rate of B.gladioli in the 85 samples was 44.7%(38/85).The highest detection rate was in dried black fungus(94.4%;34/36),followed by fresh Tremella fuciformnis(T.fuciformis)(16.6%;2/12),fresh black fungus(9.1%;1/11),and dried T.fuciformis(3.8%;1/26).BGC was detected only in dried black fungus,with a detection rate of 39%(14/36).In the crude extract solutions obtained from the 14 BGC cultures,BA concentrations ranged from 0.33 μg/mL to 714.83 μg/mL.Both the crude extract solution and the ten.-fold concentrated solution caused death in mice.Conclusion:The results of this study demonstrate that all BGC strains carry the bon gene cluster encoding BA,indicating that bonABCDFGHIJKLM plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of BA.
