[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the current major diseases of pepper in Hainan Province and their corresponding pathogens. [ Method ] The pep- per gardens in 13 main cultivation regions of pepper in Hainan Prov...[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the current major diseases of pepper in Hainan Province and their corresponding pathogens. [ Method ] The pep- per gardens in 13 main cultivation regions of pepper in Hainan Province were systematically investigated, and the pathogens of the obtained specimens were isolated and identified. [ Result] Seven fungal diseases in pepper were totally investigated, including blast, anthracnose, blight, slow wilt, root rot, basal rot and scleretin- ia disease. Currently, the diseases with serious damage on pepper include blast, anthracnese, blight and slow wilt. [ Conclusion] The result provides the theoreti- cal basis for the integrated control of diseases in pepper, and is also benefit for scientific research workers to master the latest dynamic of diseases.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the species,occurrence and distribution characteristics of sugarcane rust pathogens in low-latitude plateau sugarcane rust areas of Yunnan Province and the phylogenetic ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the species,occurrence and distribution characteristics of sugarcane rust pathogens in low-latitude plateau sugarcane rust areas of Yunnan Province and the phylogenetic relationship between the pathogens and that between them and other rust fungi of the genus Puccinia.[Methods]Fifty seven sugarcane rust samples collected from the sugarcane areas of Baoshan,Lincang,Menghai,Menglian,Ximeng,Lancang and Wenshan in Yunnan were subjected to molecular identification.[Results]The four sugarcane rust samples from Haiyin1 hao in Menghai,Yunnan Province belonged to orange rust of sugarcane,and the pathogen was Puccinia kuehnii Butler.;and other 53 samples of sugarcane rust belonged to brown rust of sugarcane,and the pathogen was Puccinia melanocephala Syd.et P.Syd.The rDNA sequences of other rust fungi from the genus Puccinia were downloaded from GenBank and used for the construction of an NJ tree for systematic evolution analysis together with the sequences obtained in this study.The results showed that the four P.kuehnii sequences obtained in this study were clustered with Puccinia polysora(GenBank accession number:GU058024)into one group,and they were close genetically;the 53 P.melanocephala sequences were clustered with P.nakanishikii(GenBank accession number:GU058002),P.rufipes(GenBank accession number:AJ296545),Aecidium deutziae(GenBank accession number:KU309317)and P.coronata(GenBank accession number:DQ354526)into one group,and they had a close genetic relationship;and the genetic relationship of the two species of sugarcane rust fungi identified in this study was relatively distant.[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for sugarcane rust epidemic prediction,disease resistance breeding,and precise prevention and control.展开更多
In 2022,an unknown bacterial disease was discovered in tobacco fields of Chenzhou,Hunan Province.In order to identify the pathogen of this disease,this study used tissue isolation method and streak plate method to iso...In 2022,an unknown bacterial disease was discovered in tobacco fields of Chenzhou,Hunan Province.In order to identify the pathogen of this disease,this study used tissue isolation method and streak plate method to isolate and purify the pathogen,conducted pathogenicity testing through in-vivo inoculation of Yunyan 87 tobacco plants,and identified the pathogen through morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characterization,and 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis.The results indicated that 8 strains were obtained,named BY-1 to BY-8,by isolating the pathogen from infected plants.Pathogenicity test results showed that these isolated strains were the pathogen of the soft rot disease,consistent with Koch’s postulates.Combined with morphological observation and physiological and biochemical indicator determination,the strain was preliminarily identified as Pseudomonas.Homology comparison results revealed that the homology similarity of this strain to Pseudomonas flavescens was 99.86%.Phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on 16S rDNA and gyrB genes,and the results indicated that strain BY-8 was clustered with P.flavescens.Therefore,the pathogen was identified as P.flavescens,and the disease was named tobacco bacterial soft rot caused by P.flavescens.This was the first report of this disease on tobacco in China.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the Ioquat leaf mould disease in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province and lay the foundation for determination of effective prevention and control methods.[Method] Loquat leaf moul...[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the Ioquat leaf mould disease in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province and lay the foundation for determination of effective prevention and control methods.[Method] Loquat leaf mould pathogenic fungus was isolated by tissue separation method and inoculated with conidial suspension.The pathogenicity of Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was verified by Koch＇s postulate.Under a microscope,mycelial morphology and conidial fructification were observed,spore sizes were measured,and Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was identified according to the morphological characteristics.[Result] Velvet-like,olive green fungal colonies were generated on PDA medium.Conidiophores erect,apex curved,dark brown,smooth,with obvious spore marks and no diaphragm,（33.0-152.8） μm×（2.6-4.0）μm.Cladosporium was brown or pale olive with spore marks,monocelled or with one diaphragm,（7.1-19.0） μm × （1.9-5.9） μm.Conidia concatenate （2-4）,oval or spherical,with no spore mark,light olive,monocelled,smooth,（2.1-9.4） μm × （1.2-2.6） μm.[Conclusion] Loquat leaf mold disease began to occur in the germination period of spring shoots and summer shoots and became serious in the germination period of autumn shoots.Sooty mold-like layer grew on both front and back surfaces and densely covered the whole leaves,thus seriously affecting the photosynthesis of plants.The pathogen was preliminarily identified as Cladosporium eriobotryae Pass.＆ Beltrani.展开更多
The pathogens of anthraenose sampled from leaves and fruits of Camellia oleifera in Cenxi City and C. vietnamensis in Ningming country, Guangxi Prov- ince, were isolated via tissue methods and four isolates were obtai...The pathogens of anthraenose sampled from leaves and fruits of Camellia oleifera in Cenxi City and C. vietnamensis in Ningming country, Guangxi Prov- ince, were isolated via tissue methods and four isolates were obtained. Morphological description and phylogenetic analysis were made based on rDNA ITS se- quences. The results showed that the strains 742, GW2 and CR1 isolated from leaves were clustered into one group, and the strain CRF1 isolated from fruits was clustered into another group. All the four strains belonged to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to investigate and identify new diseases in kiwifruit producing areas in Qiandongnan Prefecture to reduce the harm of diseases and ensure the quality of red-fleshed kiwifruit products.[Method]...[Objective]The paper was to investigate and identify new diseases in kiwifruit producing areas in Qiandongnan Prefecture to reduce the harm of diseases and ensure the quality of red-fleshed kiwifruit products.[Method]The pathogenic fungus was isolated from diseased leaves of redfleshed kiwifruit by tissue separation method,and DNA was sequenced by ribosomal rDNA-ITS(internal transcribed spacer)sequencing.Molecular evolutionary trees were built using MEGA4.0 software,and the pathogenic fungus was classified and identified combined with morphological obser-vation.[Result]Leaf tip blight was a new disease caused by Epicoccum sorghinum.It caused serious damage on red-fleshed kiwifruit.[Conclusion]The study supplements diseases of red-fleshed kiwifruit,and provides support for disease prevention and control in late stage.展开更多
In order to reduce the harm of diseases in red-fleshed kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture and ensure product quality, a new disease in the producing areas were investigated, and pathogen identification were carried o...In order to reduce the harm of diseases in red-fleshed kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture and ensure product quality, a new disease in the producing areas were investigated, and pathogen identification were carried out. The pathogen was isolated from diseased leaves by a tissue separation method. DNA sequencing was performed by the sequence analysis of ribosomal rDNA-ITS(Internal transcribed spacer) region, and a molecular evolutionary tree was constructed by the MEGA 4.0 software. The pathogenic fungus was classified and identified by combining morphological observation finally. The results showed that the dry blight disease in leaf tip was a new disease, which was caused by Epicoccum sorghinum, and it had a serious damage to red-fleshed kiwifruit.展开更多
This study was conducted in order to determine the fungi and bacteria associated with tomato plants at Cameron Highlands Malaysia. The fungi which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Fusarium oxys...This study was conducted in order to determine the fungi and bacteria associated with tomato plants at Cameron Highlands Malaysia. The fungi which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. acuminatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum boninense, C. acutatum and Phoma destructiva. The bacteria which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, X. gardneri and Pseudomonas syringae. While the most pathogenic fungi were C. boninense, P. destructive and F. oxysporum with the disease incidence (89.6%, 86.6%, 85.6%) respectively, the most pathogenic bacteria were X. vesicatoria and R. solanacearum with the disease incidence (96.6% and 87.6%) respectively.展开更多
The morphological characteristics, pathogenicity and biological characteristics of the pathogen isolated from Maryland tobacco in Wufeng County of Hubei Province were studied in the laboratory. After cultivation on LB...The morphological characteristics, pathogenicity and biological characteristics of the pathogen isolated from Maryland tobacco in Wufeng County of Hubei Province were studied in the laboratory. After cultivation on LB medium at 28℃ for48 h, the colonies were light yellow, circular or amorphous, translucent, with smooth and slightly concaved surface and neat edge. Observation under electron microscope showed that the isolates was red-shaped, decapsulated and gram-nega- tive in the size of （0.5 - 1.0） μm × （2.2 -3.0） μm, with 2 -8 flagella. After cultivation on CVP medium at 28 ℃ for 48 h, the colonies were sunken like a cup. The pathogen was able to grow in 5% NaCl medium at 37 ℃, and produced acid through glucose fermentation; it was facuhative anaerobic, and could use citrates, but could not produce indole. It was preliminarily confirmed that the pathogen causing Wufeng Maryland tobacco hollow stalk was Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum.展开更多
In order to explore moldy mechanism of chestnut from Luotian County in storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from chestnuts after storage at room temperature for 70d.Six genera of fungi were fo...In order to explore moldy mechanism of chestnut from Luotian County in storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from chestnuts after storage at room temperature for 70d.Six genera of fungi were found in chestnut through experimental identification,which were Ozoniumsp.,Fusarium sp.,Aspergillus sp.,Penicilliumsp.,Rhiopus sp.and Stachybotrys sp.,respectively.The re-inoculation tests had been conducted on pathogenic fungi whose isolating rate was greater than 10%.The result showed that the rest genera of fungi generally had no pathogenicity except Penicilliumsp.could infect non-injured chestnut with a lower moldy rate and lighter symptoms;but the moldy rate of strains was above 60% in injured inoculation and they showed heavy symptoms,among which the moldy rate of Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were higher than 80%.The experimental results showed that injured chestnut were more likely to decay.Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were important pathogenic fungi causing decay during storage process of chestnut.展开更多
In this study, the milk samples of 1 021 cows in eight dairy farms in Eastern Hebei Province were collected and detected with LMT reagent and somatic cell count for subclinical mastitis. Pathogenic bacteria in subclin...In this study, the milk samples of 1 021 cows in eight dairy farms in Eastern Hebei Province were collected and detected with LMT reagent and somatic cell count for subclinical mastitis. Pathogenic bacteria in subclinical mastitis positive milk samples were isolated and identified.The results showed that 60.63%（619/1 021） of the sampled cows were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, and mixed infections accounted for 88.21%（546/619） of the cases. In addition, 82 strains of 14 species were isolated from the subclinical mastitis positive milk samples, including 36 strains of Staphylococcus（43.90%）, 33 strains of Streptococcus（40.24%）, 8 strains of Enterobacteriaceae（9.76%） and 5 strains of Corynebacterium（6.10%）, respectively. The results proved that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are the main pathogenic bacteria causing bovine subclinical mastitis in Eastern Hebei Province.展开更多
Non-typhoid Salmonella is a common foodborne infection.[1]In the setting of immunosuppression,the classical symptom of diarrhea,that is an immune defense mechanism,may be absent,[2,3]allowing the bacteria to hematogen...Non-typhoid Salmonella is a common foodborne infection.[1]In the setting of immunosuppression,the classical symptom of diarrhea,that is an immune defense mechanism,may be absent,[2,3]allowing the bacteria to hematogenous spread and settle in other organs.[4,5]As a result,in the setting of acute pericarditis in immunosuppressed patients,a bacterial etiology must always be considered,which requires pericardiocentesis to complete drainage and pathogen identification.展开更多
The perennial root of Astragalus membranaceus is used as a medicine, while root rot is a main factor causing reduction of quality and commodity value of A. membranaceus . The screening and research of the pathogenic s...The perennial root of Astragalus membranaceus is used as a medicine, while root rot is a main factor causing reduction of quality and commodity value of A. membranaceus . The screening and research of the pathogenic species and their characteristics could provide theoretical and practical basis for the control of this disease. A pathogenic strain was isolated and purified from the root part of four-year-old A. membranaceus , and identified by morphological and molecular biological methods as Fusarium oxysporum . This study will provide a theoretical basis for the research of the biological characteristics and control of F. oxysporum .展开更多
Hazelnut husk brown rot has been identified as a new disease in Liaoning Province in recent years.The objective of this study as to identify the pathogen.[Method]In this study,a standard sample of hazelnut husk brown ...Hazelnut husk brown rot has been identified as a new disease in Liaoning Province in recent years.The objective of this study as to identify the pathogen.[Method]In this study,a standard sample of hazelnut husk brown rot was collected from Songmudao Base in Dalian City,Liaoning Province.The pathogen was identified by the studies of the morphology,pathogenicity,and analyses of ITS and LSU sequences.The pathogen was isolated and purified,which was confirmed by Koch’s postulates.The symptoms after inoculation were the same as those collected directly from a diseased tree,which showed that it was the pathogenic fungus.The cultural characteristics and conidia and the morphology of the pathogenic fungi were similar to those of Botrytis cinerea’s.The ITS sequences and LSU sequences were compared to the associated strain sequences in GenBank,with 100%identity to Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:MN589848.1)and Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:KU140653.1),respectively.The infection status of the pathogen on the hazelnut husks was also observed.The studies suggested that the pathogen leading to the hazelnut husk brown rot as a new disease in Liaoning Province was Botrytis cinerea.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to study molecular characterization,morphology and pathogenicity of Curvularia pseudobrachyspora,a new causal agent of leaf spot on banana.[Methods]Banana(Musa acuminate)leaves with streaks o...[Objectives]The paper was to study molecular characterization,morphology and pathogenicity of Curvularia pseudobrachyspora,a new causal agent of leaf spot on banana.[Methods]Banana(Musa acuminate)leaves with streaks or long ellipse-shaped lesions were sampled in an orchard of Danzhou City,Hainan Province,China in 2021.Fungus isolates were isolated from the diseased tissues and further identified as C.pseudobrachyspora based on morphological characteristics of colony,conidiophore and spore,phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region,GAPDH and TEF-1αgenes.[Results]In the pathogenicity test,the fungus re-isolated from inoculated leaves with necrotic lesions was identified morphologically and molecularly,fulfilling Koch's postulates.[Conclusions]C.pseudobrachyspora is a new pathogen causing leaf spot of banana in China and the world.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to identify the causal agent of leaf spot of banana in Hainnan,China.[Methods]Fungus isolates were isolated from the diseased tissues,and morphological characteristics of colony and spore wer...[Objectives]The paper was to identify the causal agent of leaf spot of banana in Hainnan,China.[Methods]Fungus isolates were isolated from the diseased tissues,and morphological characteristics of colony and spore were observed.Furthermore,phylogenetic analyses and pathogenicity test were conducted to confirm the pathogen.[Results]The fungus isolates from the diseased tissues was identified as Curvularia geniculata.[Conclusions]C.geniculata is a new pathogen causing leaf spot of banana in Hainan,China.This finding will help to broaden the distribution and host range of C.geniculata,indicating that it poses potential damage to banana in China.展开更多
The rapid identification of pathogens is crucial in controlling the food quality and safety.The proposed system for the rapid and label-free identification of pathogens is based on the principle of laser scattering fr...The rapid identification of pathogens is crucial in controlling the food quality and safety.The proposed system for the rapid and label-free identification of pathogens is based on the principle of laser scattering from the bacterial microbes.The clinical prototype consists of three parts:the laser beam,photodetectors,and the data acquisition system.The bacterial testing sample was mixed with 10 mL distilled water and placed inside the machine chamber.When the bacterial microbes pass by the laser beam,the scattering of light occurs due to variation in size,shape,and morphology.Due to this reason,different types of pathogens show their unique light scattering patterns.The photo-detectors were arranged at the surroundings of the sample at different angles to collect the scattered light.The photodetectors convert the scattered light intensity into a voltage waveform.The waveform features were acquired by using the power spectral characteristics,and the dimensionality of extracted features was reduced by applying minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion(mRMR).A support vector machine(SVM)classifier was developed by training the selected power spectral features for the classification of three different bacterial microbes.The resulting average identification accuracies of E.faecalis,E.coli and S.aureus were 99%,87%,and 94%,respectively.The ove rall experimental results yield a higher accuracy of 93.6%,indicating that the proposed device has the potential for label-free identification of pathogens with simplicity,rapidity,and cost-effectiveness.展开更多
Introduction:A quadruplex digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)method was developed for the simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp.,Shigella spp.,Vibrio cholerae,and V.parahaemolyticus in wastewater to enhance pat...Introduction:A quadruplex digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)method was developed for the simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp.,Shigella spp.,Vibrio cholerae,and V.parahaemolyticus in wastewater to enhance pathogen identification velocity and efficiency.This study established detection limits for these bacterial pathogens and validated the method using environmental wastewater samples.Methods:Specific primers and probes were designed targeting the invA gene of Salmonella,ipaH gene of Shigella,tlh gene of V.parahaemolyticus,and cholera toxin gene ctxA of V.cholerae.The quadruplex dPCR assay underwent rigorous evaluation for analytical sensitivity and specificity.Detection limits were determined using spiked wastewater samples,and the method’s effectiveness was assessed through preliminary testing of 60 environmental wastewater samples.Results:The quadruplex dPCR assay was optimized at an annealing temperature of 58°C.In spiked wastewater samples,the detection limits were 390 CFU/100 mL for Salmonella,11 CFU/100 mL for Shigella,660 CFU/100 mL for V.cholerae,and 640 CFU/100 mL for V.parahaemolyticus.Analysis of 60 municipal wastewater samples revealed pathogen concentrations ranging from 100.9–14,560 copies/100 mL for Shigella,86.5–7,329 copies/100 mL for Salmonella,and 84.5–865.7 copies/100 mL for V.parahaemolyticus.Conclusions:The developed quadruplex dPCR assay demonstrates robust capability for comprehensive surveillance of intestinal bacterial pathogens in wastewater,offering reliable detection even at low concentrations.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province (309016)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the current major diseases of pepper in Hainan Province and their corresponding pathogens. [ Method ] The pep- per gardens in 13 main cultivation regions of pepper in Hainan Province were systematically investigated, and the pathogens of the obtained specimens were isolated and identified. [ Result] Seven fungal diseases in pepper were totally investigated, including blast, anthracnose, blight, slow wilt, root rot, basal rot and scleretin- ia disease. Currently, the diseases with serious damage on pepper include blast, anthracnese, blight and slow wilt. [ Conclusion] The result provides the theoreti- cal basis for the integrated control of diseases in pepper, and is also benefit for scientific research workers to master the latest dynamic of diseases.
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-170303)Joint Special Project of Basic Agricultural Research in Yunnan Province(2018FG001-029)+1 种基金"Yunling Industrial Technology Leading Talents"Training Project(2018LJRC56)Special Fund for the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System in Yunnan Province(YNGZTX-4-92)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to clarify the species,occurrence and distribution characteristics of sugarcane rust pathogens in low-latitude plateau sugarcane rust areas of Yunnan Province and the phylogenetic relationship between the pathogens and that between them and other rust fungi of the genus Puccinia.[Methods]Fifty seven sugarcane rust samples collected from the sugarcane areas of Baoshan,Lincang,Menghai,Menglian,Ximeng,Lancang and Wenshan in Yunnan were subjected to molecular identification.[Results]The four sugarcane rust samples from Haiyin1 hao in Menghai,Yunnan Province belonged to orange rust of sugarcane,and the pathogen was Puccinia kuehnii Butler.;and other 53 samples of sugarcane rust belonged to brown rust of sugarcane,and the pathogen was Puccinia melanocephala Syd.et P.Syd.The rDNA sequences of other rust fungi from the genus Puccinia were downloaded from GenBank and used for the construction of an NJ tree for systematic evolution analysis together with the sequences obtained in this study.The results showed that the four P.kuehnii sequences obtained in this study were clustered with Puccinia polysora(GenBank accession number:GU058024)into one group,and they were close genetically;the 53 P.melanocephala sequences were clustered with P.nakanishikii(GenBank accession number:GU058002),P.rufipes(GenBank accession number:AJ296545),Aecidium deutziae(GenBank accession number:KU309317)and P.coronata(GenBank accession number:DQ354526)into one group,and they had a close genetic relationship;and the genetic relationship of the two species of sugarcane rust fungi identified in this study was relatively distant.[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for sugarcane rust epidemic prediction,disease resistance breeding,and precise prevention and control.
文摘In 2022,an unknown bacterial disease was discovered in tobacco fields of Chenzhou,Hunan Province.In order to identify the pathogen of this disease,this study used tissue isolation method and streak plate method to isolate and purify the pathogen,conducted pathogenicity testing through in-vivo inoculation of Yunyan 87 tobacco plants,and identified the pathogen through morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characterization,and 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis.The results indicated that 8 strains were obtained,named BY-1 to BY-8,by isolating the pathogen from infected plants.Pathogenicity test results showed that these isolated strains were the pathogen of the soft rot disease,consistent with Koch’s postulates.Combined with morphological observation and physiological and biochemical indicator determination,the strain was preliminarily identified as Pseudomonas.Homology comparison results revealed that the homology similarity of this strain to Pseudomonas flavescens was 99.86%.Phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on 16S rDNA and gyrB genes,and the results indicated that strain BY-8 was clustered with P.flavescens.Therefore,the pathogen was identified as P.flavescens,and the disease was named tobacco bacterial soft rot caused by P.flavescens.This was the first report of this disease on tobacco in China.
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the Ioquat leaf mould disease in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province and lay the foundation for determination of effective prevention and control methods.[Method] Loquat leaf mould pathogenic fungus was isolated by tissue separation method and inoculated with conidial suspension.The pathogenicity of Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was verified by Koch＇s postulate.Under a microscope,mycelial morphology and conidial fructification were observed,spore sizes were measured,and Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was identified according to the morphological characteristics.[Result] Velvet-like,olive green fungal colonies were generated on PDA medium.Conidiophores erect,apex curved,dark brown,smooth,with obvious spore marks and no diaphragm,（33.0-152.8） μm×（2.6-4.0）μm.Cladosporium was brown or pale olive with spore marks,monocelled or with one diaphragm,（7.1-19.0） μm × （1.9-5.9） μm.Conidia concatenate （2-4）,oval or spherical,with no spore mark,light olive,monocelled,smooth,（2.1-9.4） μm × （1.2-2.6） μm.[Conclusion] Loquat leaf mold disease began to occur in the germination period of spring shoots and summer shoots and became serious in the germination period of autumn shoots.Sooty mold-like layer grew on both front and back surfaces and densely covered the whole leaves,thus seriously affecting the photosynthesis of plants.The pathogen was preliminarily identified as Cladosporium eriobotryae Pass.＆ Beltrani.
基金Supported by Scientific Research and Technological Development Projects of Guangxi Province(GKG 1123004-2A,GKN 1298022-3-2)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2011GXNSFB018037)
文摘The pathogens of anthraenose sampled from leaves and fruits of Camellia oleifera in Cenxi City and C. vietnamensis in Ningming country, Guangxi Prov- ince, were isolated via tissue methods and four isolates were obtained. Morphological description and phylogenetic analysis were made based on rDNA ITS se- quences. The results showed that the strains 742, GW2 and CR1 isolated from leaves were clustered into one group, and the strain CRF1 isolated from fruits was clustered into another group. All the four strains belonged to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex.
基金Supported by Provincial,Prefecture and College Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement Project of Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province"Identification and Control Analysis of Kiwifruit Diseases and Insect Pests in Qiandongnan Prefecture:(QKH H[2017]7178)。
文摘[Objective]The paper was to investigate and identify new diseases in kiwifruit producing areas in Qiandongnan Prefecture to reduce the harm of diseases and ensure the quality of red-fleshed kiwifruit products.[Method]The pathogenic fungus was isolated from diseased leaves of redfleshed kiwifruit by tissue separation method,and DNA was sequenced by ribosomal rDNA-ITS(internal transcribed spacer)sequencing.Molecular evolutionary trees were built using MEGA4.0 software,and the pathogenic fungus was classified and identified combined with morphological obser-vation.[Result]Leaf tip blight was a new disease caused by Epicoccum sorghinum.It caused serious damage on red-fleshed kiwifruit.[Conclusion]The study supplements diseases of red-fleshed kiwifruit,and provides support for disease prevention and control in late stage.
基金Supported by Province,Prefecture and School Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement Project of Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province (QKH H Z[2017]7178)The Science and Technologyof Guizhou Province (2017-1166)。
文摘In order to reduce the harm of diseases in red-fleshed kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture and ensure product quality, a new disease in the producing areas were investigated, and pathogen identification were carried out. The pathogen was isolated from diseased leaves by a tissue separation method. DNA sequencing was performed by the sequence analysis of ribosomal rDNA-ITS(Internal transcribed spacer) region, and a molecular evolutionary tree was constructed by the MEGA 4.0 software. The pathogenic fungus was classified and identified by combining morphological observation finally. The results showed that the dry blight disease in leaf tip was a new disease, which was caused by Epicoccum sorghinum, and it had a serious damage to red-fleshed kiwifruit.
文摘This study was conducted in order to determine the fungi and bacteria associated with tomato plants at Cameron Highlands Malaysia. The fungi which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. acuminatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum boninense, C. acutatum and Phoma destructiva. The bacteria which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, X. gardneri and Pseudomonas syringae. While the most pathogenic fungi were C. boninense, P. destructive and F. oxysporum with the disease incidence (89.6%, 86.6%, 85.6%) respectively, the most pathogenic bacteria were X. vesicatoria and R. solanacearum with the disease incidence (96.6% and 87.6%) respectively.
基金Supported by Tobacco Research Project of Hubei Tobacco Company(2011-13)Scientific and Technological Project of Yichang City(A2011-201)
文摘The morphological characteristics, pathogenicity and biological characteristics of the pathogen isolated from Maryland tobacco in Wufeng County of Hubei Province were studied in the laboratory. After cultivation on LB medium at 28℃ for48 h, the colonies were light yellow, circular or amorphous, translucent, with smooth and slightly concaved surface and neat edge. Observation under electron microscope showed that the isolates was red-shaped, decapsulated and gram-nega- tive in the size of （0.5 - 1.0） μm × （2.2 -3.0） μm, with 2 -8 flagella. After cultivation on CVP medium at 28 ℃ for 48 h, the colonies were sunken like a cup. The pathogen was able to grow in 5% NaCl medium at 37 ℃, and produced acid through glucose fermentation; it was facuhative anaerobic, and could use citrates, but could not produce indole. It was preliminarily confirmed that the pathogen causing Wufeng Maryland tobacco hollow stalk was Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum.
基金Supported by Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2010CBB03901)Key Project of Production-study-research Cooperation Fund for University by Hubei Education Department(C2010060)Forestry Science Technique Extension and Demonstration Project of Central Budget in 2011(2011BH0032)
文摘In order to explore moldy mechanism of chestnut from Luotian County in storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from chestnuts after storage at room temperature for 70d.Six genera of fungi were found in chestnut through experimental identification,which were Ozoniumsp.,Fusarium sp.,Aspergillus sp.,Penicilliumsp.,Rhiopus sp.and Stachybotrys sp.,respectively.The re-inoculation tests had been conducted on pathogenic fungi whose isolating rate was greater than 10%.The result showed that the rest genera of fungi generally had no pathogenicity except Penicilliumsp.could infect non-injured chestnut with a lower moldy rate and lighter symptoms;but the moldy rate of strains was above 60% in injured inoculation and they showed heavy symptoms,among which the moldy rate of Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were higher than 80%.The experimental results showed that injured chestnut were more likely to decay.Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were important pathogenic fungi causing decay during storage process of chestnut.
基金Supported by Beef Cattle Disease Prevention and Control Project of Agricultural Industry Technology System of Hebei ProvinceThe Fund of Qinhuangdao Science and Technology Bureau(200901A070)China Spark Program(2012GA620002)
文摘In this study, the milk samples of 1 021 cows in eight dairy farms in Eastern Hebei Province were collected and detected with LMT reagent and somatic cell count for subclinical mastitis. Pathogenic bacteria in subclinical mastitis positive milk samples were isolated and identified.The results showed that 60.63%（619/1 021） of the sampled cows were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, and mixed infections accounted for 88.21%（546/619） of the cases. In addition, 82 strains of 14 species were isolated from the subclinical mastitis positive milk samples, including 36 strains of Staphylococcus（43.90%）, 33 strains of Streptococcus（40.24%）, 8 strains of Enterobacteriaceae（9.76%） and 5 strains of Corynebacterium（6.10%）, respectively. The results proved that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are the main pathogenic bacteria causing bovine subclinical mastitis in Eastern Hebei Province.
文摘Non-typhoid Salmonella is a common foodborne infection.[1]In the setting of immunosuppression,the classical symptom of diarrhea,that is an immune defense mechanism,may be absent,[2,3]allowing the bacteria to hematogenous spread and settle in other organs.[4,5]As a result,in the setting of acute pericarditis in immunosuppressed patients,a bacterial etiology must always be considered,which requires pericardiocentesis to complete drainage and pathogen identification.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21462044,No.30860036)
文摘The perennial root of Astragalus membranaceus is used as a medicine, while root rot is a main factor causing reduction of quality and commodity value of A. membranaceus . The screening and research of the pathogenic species and their characteristics could provide theoretical and practical basis for the control of this disease. A pathogenic strain was isolated and purified from the root part of four-year-old A. membranaceus , and identified by morphological and molecular biological methods as Fusarium oxysporum . This study will provide a theoretical basis for the research of the biological characteristics and control of F. oxysporum .
基金This work was financially supported by the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2021-MS-057).
文摘Hazelnut husk brown rot has been identified as a new disease in Liaoning Province in recent years.The objective of this study as to identify the pathogen.[Method]In this study,a standard sample of hazelnut husk brown rot was collected from Songmudao Base in Dalian City,Liaoning Province.The pathogen was identified by the studies of the morphology,pathogenicity,and analyses of ITS and LSU sequences.The pathogen was isolated and purified,which was confirmed by Koch’s postulates.The symptoms after inoculation were the same as those collected directly from a diseased tree,which showed that it was the pathogenic fungus.The cultural characteristics and conidia and the morphology of the pathogenic fungi were similar to those of Botrytis cinerea’s.The ITS sequences and LSU sequences were compared to the associated strain sequences in GenBank,with 100%identity to Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:MN589848.1)and Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:KU140653.1),respectively.The infection status of the pathogen on the hazelnut husks was also observed.The studies suggested that the pathogen leading to the hazelnut husk brown rot as a new disease in Liaoning Province was Botrytis cinerea.
基金Supported by High level Talents Project of Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019RC278)The Earmarked Fund for CARS(CARS-31)。
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to study molecular characterization,morphology and pathogenicity of Curvularia pseudobrachyspora,a new causal agent of leaf spot on banana.[Methods]Banana(Musa acuminate)leaves with streaks or long ellipse-shaped lesions were sampled in an orchard of Danzhou City,Hainan Province,China in 2021.Fungus isolates were isolated from the diseased tissues and further identified as C.pseudobrachyspora based on morphological characteristics of colony,conidiophore and spore,phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region,GAPDH and TEF-1αgenes.[Results]In the pathogenicity test,the fungus re-isolated from inoculated leaves with necrotic lesions was identified morphologically and molecularly,fulfilling Koch's postulates.[Conclusions]C.pseudobrachyspora is a new pathogen causing leaf spot of banana in China and the world.
基金High-level Talents Project of Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019RC278)The Earmarked Fund for CARS(CARS-31)。
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to identify the causal agent of leaf spot of banana in Hainnan,China.[Methods]Fungus isolates were isolated from the diseased tissues,and morphological characteristics of colony and spore were observed.Furthermore,phylogenetic analyses and pathogenicity test were conducted to confirm the pathogen.[Results]The fungus isolates from the diseased tissues was identified as Curvularia geniculata.[Conclusions]C.geniculata is a new pathogen causing leaf spot of banana in Hainan,China.This finding will help to broaden the distribution and host range of C.geniculata,indicating that it poses potential damage to banana in China.
基金the National Key Special Science Program(No.2017YFA0205301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61527806,61971187,61901168,81902153,61971216 and 61401217)+3 种基金the Clinical Advanced Technology of Social Development Projects in Jiangsu Province(No.BE2018695)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20140900)key project supported by Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation,Nanjing Department of Health(Nos.ZKX18029 and ZKX18016)the joint fund of Southeast University and Nanjing Medical University。
文摘The rapid identification of pathogens is crucial in controlling the food quality and safety.The proposed system for the rapid and label-free identification of pathogens is based on the principle of laser scattering from the bacterial microbes.The clinical prototype consists of three parts:the laser beam,photodetectors,and the data acquisition system.The bacterial testing sample was mixed with 10 mL distilled water and placed inside the machine chamber.When the bacterial microbes pass by the laser beam,the scattering of light occurs due to variation in size,shape,and morphology.Due to this reason,different types of pathogens show their unique light scattering patterns.The photo-detectors were arranged at the surroundings of the sample at different angles to collect the scattered light.The photodetectors convert the scattered light intensity into a voltage waveform.The waveform features were acquired by using the power spectral characteristics,and the dimensionality of extracted features was reduced by applying minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion(mRMR).A support vector machine(SVM)classifier was developed by training the selected power spectral features for the classification of three different bacterial microbes.The resulting average identification accuracies of E.faecalis,E.coli and S.aureus were 99%,87%,and 94%,respectively.The ove rall experimental results yield a higher accuracy of 93.6%,indicating that the proposed device has the potential for label-free identification of pathogens with simplicity,rapidity,and cost-effectiveness.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFC3201704-01)from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of Chinathe Key Project of the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research,China(2022-1G-4231).
文摘Introduction:A quadruplex digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)method was developed for the simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp.,Shigella spp.,Vibrio cholerae,and V.parahaemolyticus in wastewater to enhance pathogen identification velocity and efficiency.This study established detection limits for these bacterial pathogens and validated the method using environmental wastewater samples.Methods:Specific primers and probes were designed targeting the invA gene of Salmonella,ipaH gene of Shigella,tlh gene of V.parahaemolyticus,and cholera toxin gene ctxA of V.cholerae.The quadruplex dPCR assay underwent rigorous evaluation for analytical sensitivity and specificity.Detection limits were determined using spiked wastewater samples,and the method’s effectiveness was assessed through preliminary testing of 60 environmental wastewater samples.Results:The quadruplex dPCR assay was optimized at an annealing temperature of 58°C.In spiked wastewater samples,the detection limits were 390 CFU/100 mL for Salmonella,11 CFU/100 mL for Shigella,660 CFU/100 mL for V.cholerae,and 640 CFU/100 mL for V.parahaemolyticus.Analysis of 60 municipal wastewater samples revealed pathogen concentrations ranging from 100.9–14,560 copies/100 mL for Shigella,86.5–7,329 copies/100 mL for Salmonella,and 84.5–865.7 copies/100 mL for V.parahaemolyticus.Conclusions:The developed quadruplex dPCR assay demonstrates robust capability for comprehensive surveillance of intestinal bacterial pathogens in wastewater,offering reliable detection even at low concentrations.
