Understanding microbial community assembly in plants is critical for advancing agricultural sustainability.This study investigated microbial diversity and community assembly mechanisms across six compartments of tomat...Understanding microbial community assembly in plants is critical for advancing agricultural sustainability.This study investigated microbial diversity and community assembly mechanisms across six compartments of tomato plants:bulk soil,rhizosphere,root,stem,flower,and seed.Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing,we observed that microbial richness was highest in the bulk soil and rhizosphere,with significant reductions in internal plant tissues.Co‐occurrence network analysis identified distinct microbial hubs in each compartment,such as Bacillus in the root and seed,highlighting critical interactions influencing microbial dynamics.Ecological process modeling revealed that deterministic processes,such as selection,dominated in below‐ground compartments,whereas stochastic processes like drift were more influential in above‐ground tissues,reflecting differences in niche specificity and ecological stability.Dispersal limitation emerged as a key driver in soil‐associated compartments,structuring microbial diversity.These findings advance our understanding of the ecological mechanisms shaping plant microbiomes and suggest targeted microbiome management strategies to enhance crop health,productivity,and resilience.Future research integrating functional genomics,temporal dynamics,and environmental factors is necessary to uncover the broader implications of plant‐associated microbiomes.展开更多
Hot stamping(press hardening) is widely used to fabricate safety components such as door beams and B pillars with increased strength via quenching. However, parts that are hot-stamped from ultra-high-strength steel(UH...Hot stamping(press hardening) is widely used to fabricate safety components such as door beams and B pillars with increased strength via quenching. However, parts that are hot-stamped from ultra-high-strength steel(UHSS) have very limited elongation,i.e., low ductility. In the present study, a novel variant of hot stamping technology called quenching-and-partitioning(Q&P) hot stamping was developed. This approach was tested on several UHSS sheet metals, and it was confirmed that this method can be used to overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional hot stamping. The applicability of Q&P hot stamping to each of these steels was also assessed. The part properties and performances of three widely used ultra-high-strength sheet metals, B1500 HS,27 SiMn, and TRIP780, were evaluated through tensile testing and microstructural observations. The results demonstrated that the ductility of Q&P hot-stamped sheet metals was notably higher than that of the conventionally hot-stamped parts because Q&P hot stamping gives rise to a dual-phase structure of both martensite and austenite. Further, material tests demonstrated that the Q&P treatment had positive effects on all three selected materials, of which TRIP780 had the best ductility and the highest value of the product of strength and plasticity. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that the silicon in the steels could limit the formation of cementite and would, therefore, improve the mechanical properties of Q&P hot-stamped products.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(RS‐2023‐00251252 and 2020R1A6A1A03047729)Rural Development Administration(RS‐2025‐02613089)Biomaterials Specialized Graduate Program through the Korea Environmental Industry&Technology Institute(KEITI)funded by the Ministry of Environment(MOE).
文摘Understanding microbial community assembly in plants is critical for advancing agricultural sustainability.This study investigated microbial diversity and community assembly mechanisms across six compartments of tomato plants:bulk soil,rhizosphere,root,stem,flower,and seed.Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing,we observed that microbial richness was highest in the bulk soil and rhizosphere,with significant reductions in internal plant tissues.Co‐occurrence network analysis identified distinct microbial hubs in each compartment,such as Bacillus in the root and seed,highlighting critical interactions influencing microbial dynamics.Ecological process modeling revealed that deterministic processes,such as selection,dominated in below‐ground compartments,whereas stochastic processes like drift were more influential in above‐ground tissues,reflecting differences in niche specificity and ecological stability.Dispersal limitation emerged as a key driver in soil‐associated compartments,structuring microbial diversity.These findings advance our understanding of the ecological mechanisms shaping plant microbiomes and suggest targeted microbiome management strategies to enhance crop health,productivity,and resilience.Future research integrating functional genomics,temporal dynamics,and environmental factors is necessary to uncover the broader implications of plant‐associated microbiomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51105247&U1564203)
文摘Hot stamping(press hardening) is widely used to fabricate safety components such as door beams and B pillars with increased strength via quenching. However, parts that are hot-stamped from ultra-high-strength steel(UHSS) have very limited elongation,i.e., low ductility. In the present study, a novel variant of hot stamping technology called quenching-and-partitioning(Q&P) hot stamping was developed. This approach was tested on several UHSS sheet metals, and it was confirmed that this method can be used to overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional hot stamping. The applicability of Q&P hot stamping to each of these steels was also assessed. The part properties and performances of three widely used ultra-high-strength sheet metals, B1500 HS,27 SiMn, and TRIP780, were evaluated through tensile testing and microstructural observations. The results demonstrated that the ductility of Q&P hot-stamped sheet metals was notably higher than that of the conventionally hot-stamped parts because Q&P hot stamping gives rise to a dual-phase structure of both martensite and austenite. Further, material tests demonstrated that the Q&P treatment had positive effects on all three selected materials, of which TRIP780 had the best ductility and the highest value of the product of strength and plasticity. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that the silicon in the steels could limit the formation of cementite and would, therefore, improve the mechanical properties of Q&P hot-stamped products.
