ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, brought its latest products, solutions and service demos to CTIA Wireless 2008, from April 1-3, at the Las Vegas Conven...ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, brought its latest products, solutions and service demos to CTIA Wireless 2008, from April 1-3, at the Las Vegas Convention Center, USA.With the theme of "Talking to the future", ZTE showcased its most up-to-date technologies including All-IP CDMA2000, WCDMA, WiMAX, IMS, LTE and digital home solution. Full range of ZTE’s terminal products was also displayed to the industry during the show.展开更多
Zhang Xuejun,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Directorgeneral of Jiangxi Provincial Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office,participated in the entire events of the Jiangx...Zhang Xuejun,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Directorgeneral of Jiangxi Provincial Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office,participated in the entire events of the Jiangxi Session of the Dialogue and presided over the Nanchang Dialogue.Jin Canrong,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Deputy Dean of the School of展开更多
On May 7-8 the 2010 China Cotton Summit and the International Cotton Fair were held in Sanya,Hainan Province,China.Mr.Wallace L.Darneille, the new president of Cotton Council International(CCI) made a special trip to ...On May 7-8 the 2010 China Cotton Summit and the International Cotton Fair were held in Sanya,Hainan Province,China.Mr.Wallace L.Darneille, the new president of Cotton Council International(CCI) made a special trip to China to participate in the event and present on the"cotton and textile supply and demand situation in the U.S."展开更多
On the basis of investigating community participation in tourism development of Changxi Village,Wuyuan County,the study pictures a reasonable image for the community participation in tourism village,proposes the probl...On the basis of investigating community participation in tourism development of Changxi Village,Wuyuan County,the study pictures a reasonable image for the community participation in tourism village,proposes the problems and corresponding suggestions.展开更多
EXPERIMENT is one of the necessary conditions for scientific progress.For cognitive science,neuroscience,biomedical science and other human-related disciplines,experiments involving human subjects can confirm or dispr...EXPERIMENT is one of the necessary conditions for scientific progress.For cognitive science,neuroscience,biomedical science and other human-related disciplines,experiments involving human subjects can confirm or disprove scientific hypotheses in a controlled and systematic manner,while establishing causal relationships between studied variables.These experiments also provide both qualitative and quantitative analysis capable of statistically identifying significant patterns.Thus,solid experiments directly support testable and replicable scientific conclusions.However,limited by the budget as well as the available candidate group,current experiment design selects random subjective in an arbitrary scale,bringing a question that how they can stand for the whole studied population.展开更多
In the modal analysis and control of nonlinear dynamical systems,participation factors(PFs)of state variables with respect to a critical or selected mode serve as a pivotal tool for simplifying stability studies by fo...In the modal analysis and control of nonlinear dynamical systems,participation factors(PFs)of state variables with respect to a critical or selected mode serve as a pivotal tool for simplifying stability studies by focusing on a subset of highly influential state variables.For linear systems,PFs are uniquely determined by the mode’s composition and shape,which are defined by the system’s left and right eigenvectors,respectively.However,the uniqueness of other types of PFs has not been thoroughly addressed in literatures.This paper establishes sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of nonlinear PFs and five other PF variants,taking into account uncertain scaling factors in a mode’s shape and composition.These scaling factors arise from variations in the choice of physical units,which depend on the value ranges of real-world state variables.Understanding these sufficient conditions is essential for the correct application of PFs in practical stability analysis and control design.展开更多
To the editor:Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterised by profound disruptions in thinking,affecting language,perception and the sense of self. These disruptions can significantly impair an ...To the editor:Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterised by profound disruptions in thinking,affecting language,perception and the sense of self. These disruptions can significantly impair an individual’s ability to function socially and occupationally, leading to a high burden on both the individuals affected and society as a whole.展开更多
With the rapid development of urbanization,urban environmental degradation has significantly impacted the ecological environment quality of urban residents.This study,taking 10 communities in Hefei as samples,integrat...With the rapid development of urbanization,urban environmental degradation has significantly impacted the ecological environment quality of urban residents.This study,taking 10 communities in Hefei as samples,integrates bibliometric analysis(Citespace),vegetation quadrat surveys,and resident satisfaction questionnaires to quantify the implementation pathways of biodiversity,low-carbon society,and therapeutic landscapes in community habitat design.Key findings reveal that the high-carbon-sequestration plant combination of Liriope spicata and Pittosporum tobira can mitigate urban heat island effects,while the aromatic plant assemblage of Cinnamomum camphorum and Osmanthus fragrans demonstrates notable stress-reduction benefits.Monoculture planting,however,leads to reduced pollinator populations.Based on these outcomes,a“4-3-2”design framework is proposed,which stands for 4 ecological indicators(greening rate≥40%,native plants≥60%,non-motorized transport coverage rate 100%,and therapeutic facilities≥2),3 types of spatial strategies(ecological network infiltration,low-carbon travel strategy,and therapeutic landscape creation),and 2 major participation mechanisms(resident environmental council and plant-adoption incentive program).This study provides a quantifiable and operational framework for urban community habitat improvement.展开更多
Scholars and volunteers have been dedicated to working together with local residence for nearly two decades to protect nature.AS the awareness of both the government and the general public has grown regarding environm...Scholars and volunteers have been dedicated to working together with local residence for nearly two decades to protect nature.AS the awareness of both the government and the general public has grown regarding environmental protection,it has become a general consensus that ecosystems need to be protected by relying on local guardians with broad societal support and participation.展开更多
Spring is the time for new life.The 2025 China Fashion Week(Spring)commenced on March 28th.This event focused on culture,creativity,andchanges in the fashion industry.The event featured nearly 230 brands and 270 desig...Spring is the time for new life.The 2025 China Fashion Week(Spring)commenced on March 28th.This event focused on culture,creativity,andchanges in the fashion industry.The event featured nearly 230 brands and 270 designers from l2 coun-tries,showcasing an impressive array of new products and over l60 fashionshowed,highlighting the vibrant creativity of Chinese design.展开更多
This study evaluates the ecological effectiveness of urban landscape designs in Chinese cities through systematic PRISMA review methodology that integrates 70 peer-reviewed articles concerning design since 2018.Three ...This study evaluates the ecological effectiveness of urban landscape designs in Chinese cities through systematic PRISMA review methodology that integrates 70 peer-reviewed articles concerning design since 2018.Three core dimensions about cultural integration and ecological functionality and landscape integration receive explicit assessment for ecosystem services including carbon sequestration potential along with urban cooling intensity reductions and stormwater retention capacity as well as biodiversity outcomes including habitat connectivity indices and species richness gains and climate resilience.Research indicates that culturally sensitive design improves regional identity together with social cohesion yet maintains a superficial approach because it does not develop community-driven stewardship programs.Plant cover increases between 15 to 25 percent and habitat connections increase 30 percent while temperature decreases between 1 to 2 degrees Celsius and pollinator populations grow through ecological network approaches to urban development despite planning gaps and funding problems and implementation challenges from governance restrictions.Public spaces gain improved multifunctional character and aesthetic appeal when stakeholders implement landscape integration yet regulatory inconsistencies with stakeholder disputes reduce its effective implementation.The paper ends with recommendations for adopting ecological standard indicators in evaluations together with urban masterplan inclusion of macro-scale ecological planning both with stronger participatory governance and improved green space management systems.These findings present practicable guidance for enhancing biodiversity preservation and ecological stability together with ecosystem service delivery within urbanizing areas.展开更多
This study, which took place around the Boumba-Bek National Park (BBNP) in Cameroon, was based on identifying and characterizing stakeholders in forest resources management, as well as determining the relationships be...This study, which took place around the Boumba-Bek National Park (BBNP) in Cameroon, was based on identifying and characterizing stakeholders in forest resources management, as well as determining the relationships between them, with the goal of encouraging collaborative forest resources management. Purposive sampling was adopted, in which focus group discussions, key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews, and snowball sampling were used for data collection. Focus group discussions were conducted with a total of 20 local associations involved in forest and wildlife management, Bantu traditional councils and the Baka community. Key informant interviews were conducted with local and international NGOs, forest exploitation and Sport hunting (Safari) enterprises and local public administrations that had working rapports with village communities around the BBNP. Information was generally sought on the role of stakeholders in forest management, in terms of use, protection, policy enforcement, challenges encountered in their activities and their relationships with other stakeholders. Actor linkage matrix was used to establish the relationships between different stakeholders. The identified stakeholder groups included the local community, State, international and local NGOs, economic operators (forest exploitation and sport hunting enterprises), and also the rules guiding their activities. Conflicts were rife between the community and the other stakeholders with regard to resource accessibility and use, whereas intra-community conflicts mostly resulted from cases of corruption and embezzlement linked to benefits sharing. Cases of collaboration among all the stakeholders were mostly related to anti-poaching patrols and setting of forest concession limits. There is a need to bring all stakeholders on the same platform, such as in a consultation workshop, to get their perceptions on building trust, conflict resolution and genuine collaboration in resources management.展开更多
In the 12 years since the Belt and Road Initiative was first proposed,many Chinese enterprises have made fruitful achievements in the participating countries of the Belt and Road Initiative.
This study examines the impact of political polarization on youth engagement in Brazil,focusing on the intersection of historical legacies,cultural dynamics,and modern political influences.Tracing the evolution of pol...This study examines the impact of political polarization on youth engagement in Brazil,focusing on the intersection of historical legacies,cultural dynamics,and modern political influences.Tracing the evolution of polarization from the military dictatorship era to contemporary politics under Jair Bolsonaro,the study explores how polarized rhetoric,misinformation,and digital media have reshaped the political landscape for young Brazilians.Data for the study were collected through a survey of 159 college students aged 18-25 from public and private institutions across Brazil,complemented by 10 interviews with youth activists and party leaders from the Workers’Party(PT)and the Liberal Party(PL).These methods aimed to evaluate how polarization affects young people’s beliefs,political identities,behaviors,engagement levels,and ability to participate in constructive political discourse.The findings reveal that while polarization fosters hostility and deepens ideological divides,it also inspires youth activism by creating a sense of identity and belonging.Education,digital information channels,and the lack of representation in leadership roles emerge as key factors shaping youth engagement.Despite challenges,the research underscores hope:young Brazilians display resilience,critical awareness,and a shared desire for accountability and inclusivity.This study highlights the potential of youth to bridge divides and lead Brazil toward a more collaborative and democratic future.展开更多
The proliferation of deep learning(DL)has amplified the demand for processing large and complex datasets for tasks such as modeling,classification,and identification.However,traditional DL methods compromise client pr...The proliferation of deep learning(DL)has amplified the demand for processing large and complex datasets for tasks such as modeling,classification,and identification.However,traditional DL methods compromise client privacy by collecting sensitive data,underscoring the necessity for privacy-preserving solutions like Federated Learning(FL).FL effectively addresses escalating privacy concerns by facilitating collaborative model training without necessitating the sharing of raw data.Given that FL clients autonomously manage training data,encouraging client engagement is pivotal for successful model training.To overcome challenges like unreliable communication and budget constraints,we present ENTIRE,a contract-based dynamic participation incentive mechanism for FL.ENTIRE ensures impartial model training by tailoring participation levels and payments to accommodate diverse client preferences.Our approach involves several key steps.Initially,we examine how random client participation impacts FL convergence in non-convex scenarios,establishing the correlation between client participation levels and model performance.Subsequently,we reframe model performance optimization as an optimal contract design challenge to guide the distribution of rewards among clients with varying participation costs.By balancing budget considerations with model effectiveness,we craft optimal contracts for different budgetary constraints,prompting clients to disclose their participation preferences and select suitable contracts for contributing to model training.Finally,we conduct a comprehensive experimental evaluation of ENTIRE using three real datasets.The results demonstrate a significant 12.9%enhancement in model performance,validating its adherence to anticipated economic properties.展开更多
Performance evaluation,as a multidimensional and comprehensive assessment tool,plays a pivotal role in accurately reflecting the quality of higher education and effectively promoting institutional governance.In the ev...Performance evaluation,as a multidimensional and comprehensive assessment tool,plays a pivotal role in accurately reflecting the quality of higher education and effectively promoting institutional governance.In the evolving landscape of educational reform,nonprofit private universities in China face pressing challenges in leveraging performance evaluations to standardize internal operations,guide strategic development,and foster public trust.This paper focuses on these institutions and conducts an in-depth analysis of existing problems in performance evaluation practices.Drawing on contemporary theoretical frameworks and empirical experiences,it proposes feasible,targeted governance strategies.The aim is to offer both theoretical insights and practical guidelines to support the sustainable development of non-profit private universities and to help these institutions better integrate into the national education system while fulfilling their social missions.展开更多
Promoting environmental sustainability in South Africa’s cities through public participation is vital for foster-ing inclusive governance and equitable decision-making.Currently,63%of South Africa’s population—and ...Promoting environmental sustainability in South Africa’s cities through public participation is vital for foster-ing inclusive governance and equitable decision-making.Currently,63%of South Africa’s population—and 64%of its youth—live in urban areas,with this figure expected to rise to nearly 80%by 2050.Rapid urbanisation brings significant environmental challenges,including air and noise pollution,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,and inadequate waste management.Globally,cities contribute over 70%of GHG emissions and consume two-thirds of the world’s energy.South African cities face similar issues:worsening air quality in regions like the Highveld,water scarcity,urban flooding,waste management problems,and biodiversity loss due to urban sprawl.This article explores how South Africa’s consti-tutional and legislative frameworks support public participation in promoting urban environmental sustainability.Using doctrinal research,it examines key legal instruments—including the Constitution and environmental laws—that establish participatory rights and promote transparency,accountability,and inclusivity.The article draws on court decisions and case studies to highlight ongoing barriers to meaningful participation,particularly for marginalised communities.These include administrative inefficiencies,political interference,and unequal access to information and resources.The article concludes by proposing strategies such as capacity-building initiatives,the integration of traditional knowledge systems,and enhanced institutional coordination to strengthen public participation and improve urban environmental outcomes,addressing both global environmental pressures and South Africa’s unique urban sustainability challenges.展开更多
Ethical Statements and Participant’s Consents were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Allergy Medicine.The appropriate Ethical Statements and Particip...Ethical Statements and Participant’s Consents were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Allergy Medicine.The appropriate Ethical Statements and Participant’s Consents provided by the Authors.展开更多
Background There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels.This study aimed to assess the association of ...Background There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels.This study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels.Methods This study utilized individual participant data from 21 cohort studies,comprising both published and unpublished data.Eligibility criteria included individual-level data on leisure-time and occupational physical activity(categorized as sedentary,low,moderate,and high)along with data on all-cause and/or cardiovascular mortality.A 2-stage individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted,with separate analysis of each study using Cox proportional hazards models(Stage 1).These results were combined using random-effects models(Stage 2).Results Higher leisure-time physical activity levels were associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk across most occupational physical activity levels,for both males and females.Among males with sedentary work,high compared to sedentary leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower all-cause(hazard ratios(HR)=0.77,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.70-0.85)and cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.76,95%CI:0.66-0.87)risk.Among males with high levels of occupational physical activity,high compared to sedentary leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower all-cause(HR=0.84,95%CI:0.74-0.97)and cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.60-1.04)risk,while HRs for low and moderate levels of leisure-time physical activity ranged between 0.87 and 0.97 and were not statistically significant.Among females,most effects were similar but more imprecise,especially in the higher occupational physical activity levels.Conclusion Higher levels of leisure-time physical activity were generally associated with lower mortality risks.However,results for workers with moderate and high occupational physical activity levels,especially women,were more imprecise.Our findings suggests that workers may benefit from engaging in high levels of leisure-time physical activity,irrespective of their level of occupational physical activity.展开更多
Most vaccines get injected into muscle,swallowed by mouth,or squirted into the nose.But in a clinical study reported in January 2025 in Nature Medicine[1],researchers in the Netherlands used a less conventional method...Most vaccines get injected into muscle,swallowed by mouth,or squirted into the nose.But in a clinical study reported in January 2025 in Nature Medicine[1],researchers in the Netherlands used a less conventional method to deliver an investigational vaccine:mosquito bites.The mosquitoes carried malaria-causing Plasmod-ium falciparum parasites that had been genetically engineered to trigger a productive immune response without making people sick.Nine of ten study participants who each,in a single session,with-stood 50 bites from this laboratory strain of mosquitoes,success-fully fended off infection when challenged with infective malaria parasites six weeks later.展开更多
文摘ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, brought its latest products, solutions and service demos to CTIA Wireless 2008, from April 1-3, at the Las Vegas Convention Center, USA.With the theme of "Talking to the future", ZTE showcased its most up-to-date technologies including All-IP CDMA2000, WCDMA, WiMAX, IMS, LTE and digital home solution. Full range of ZTE’s terminal products was also displayed to the industry during the show.
文摘Zhang Xuejun,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Directorgeneral of Jiangxi Provincial Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office,participated in the entire events of the Jiangxi Session of the Dialogue and presided over the Nanchang Dialogue.Jin Canrong,member of the Standing Committee of CAFIU’s Executive Council and Deputy Dean of the School of
文摘On May 7-8 the 2010 China Cotton Summit and the International Cotton Fair were held in Sanya,Hainan Province,China.Mr.Wallace L.Darneille, the new president of Cotton Council International(CCI) made a special trip to China to participate in the event and present on the"cotton and textile supply and demand situation in the U.S."
文摘On the basis of investigating community participation in tourism development of Changxi Village,Wuyuan County,the study pictures a reasonable image for the community participation in tourism village,proposes the problems and corresponding suggestions.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(62476270,62076237)。
文摘EXPERIMENT is one of the necessary conditions for scientific progress.For cognitive science,neuroscience,biomedical science and other human-related disciplines,experiments involving human subjects can confirm or disprove scientific hypotheses in a controlled and systematic manner,while establishing causal relationships between studied variables.These experiments also provide both qualitative and quantitative analysis capable of statistically identifying significant patterns.Thus,solid experiments directly support testable and replicable scientific conclusions.However,limited by the budget as well as the available candidate group,current experiment design selects random subjective in an arbitrary scale,bringing a question that how they can stand for the whole studied population.
文摘In the modal analysis and control of nonlinear dynamical systems,participation factors(PFs)of state variables with respect to a critical or selected mode serve as a pivotal tool for simplifying stability studies by focusing on a subset of highly influential state variables.For linear systems,PFs are uniquely determined by the mode’s composition and shape,which are defined by the system’s left and right eigenvectors,respectively.However,the uniqueness of other types of PFs has not been thoroughly addressed in literatures.This paper establishes sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of nonlinear PFs and five other PF variants,taking into account uncertain scaling factors in a mode’s shape and composition.These scaling factors arise from variations in the choice of physical units,which depend on the value ranges of real-world state variables.Understanding these sufficient conditions is essential for the correct application of PFs in practical stability analysis and control design.
基金funded by Peking University Sixth Hospital(BDLYYLZL2024-01)the Capital Health Development Research Project Program of China(2014-4-4112).
文摘To the editor:Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterised by profound disruptions in thinking,affecting language,perception and the sense of self. These disruptions can significantly impair an individual’s ability to function socially and occupationally, leading to a high burden on both the individuals affected and society as a whole.
基金Sponsored by Research Team Project of Anhui Xinhua University(kytd202202)Supported Project of Innovation Training Program for College Students in Anhui Province(S202212216126140,S202212216135,S202212216144&AH202112216114)Key Project of Science Research Program for Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province(Natural Sciences)(2022AH051861&2024AH050601).
文摘With the rapid development of urbanization,urban environmental degradation has significantly impacted the ecological environment quality of urban residents.This study,taking 10 communities in Hefei as samples,integrates bibliometric analysis(Citespace),vegetation quadrat surveys,and resident satisfaction questionnaires to quantify the implementation pathways of biodiversity,low-carbon society,and therapeutic landscapes in community habitat design.Key findings reveal that the high-carbon-sequestration plant combination of Liriope spicata and Pittosporum tobira can mitigate urban heat island effects,while the aromatic plant assemblage of Cinnamomum camphorum and Osmanthus fragrans demonstrates notable stress-reduction benefits.Monoculture planting,however,leads to reduced pollinator populations.Based on these outcomes,a“4-3-2”design framework is proposed,which stands for 4 ecological indicators(greening rate≥40%,native plants≥60%,non-motorized transport coverage rate 100%,and therapeutic facilities≥2),3 types of spatial strategies(ecological network infiltration,low-carbon travel strategy,and therapeutic landscape creation),and 2 major participation mechanisms(resident environmental council and plant-adoption incentive program).This study provides a quantifiable and operational framework for urban community habitat improvement.
文摘Scholars and volunteers have been dedicated to working together with local residence for nearly two decades to protect nature.AS the awareness of both the government and the general public has grown regarding environmental protection,it has become a general consensus that ecosystems need to be protected by relying on local guardians with broad societal support and participation.
文摘Spring is the time for new life.The 2025 China Fashion Week(Spring)commenced on March 28th.This event focused on culture,creativity,andchanges in the fashion industry.The event featured nearly 230 brands and 270 designers from l2 coun-tries,showcasing an impressive array of new products and over l60 fashionshowed,highlighting the vibrant creativity of Chinese design.
文摘This study evaluates the ecological effectiveness of urban landscape designs in Chinese cities through systematic PRISMA review methodology that integrates 70 peer-reviewed articles concerning design since 2018.Three core dimensions about cultural integration and ecological functionality and landscape integration receive explicit assessment for ecosystem services including carbon sequestration potential along with urban cooling intensity reductions and stormwater retention capacity as well as biodiversity outcomes including habitat connectivity indices and species richness gains and climate resilience.Research indicates that culturally sensitive design improves regional identity together with social cohesion yet maintains a superficial approach because it does not develop community-driven stewardship programs.Plant cover increases between 15 to 25 percent and habitat connections increase 30 percent while temperature decreases between 1 to 2 degrees Celsius and pollinator populations grow through ecological network approaches to urban development despite planning gaps and funding problems and implementation challenges from governance restrictions.Public spaces gain improved multifunctional character and aesthetic appeal when stakeholders implement landscape integration yet regulatory inconsistencies with stakeholder disputes reduce its effective implementation.The paper ends with recommendations for adopting ecological standard indicators in evaluations together with urban masterplan inclusion of macro-scale ecological planning both with stronger participatory governance and improved green space management systems.These findings present practicable guidance for enhancing biodiversity preservation and ecological stability together with ecosystem service delivery within urbanizing areas.
文摘This study, which took place around the Boumba-Bek National Park (BBNP) in Cameroon, was based on identifying and characterizing stakeholders in forest resources management, as well as determining the relationships between them, with the goal of encouraging collaborative forest resources management. Purposive sampling was adopted, in which focus group discussions, key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews, and snowball sampling were used for data collection. Focus group discussions were conducted with a total of 20 local associations involved in forest and wildlife management, Bantu traditional councils and the Baka community. Key informant interviews were conducted with local and international NGOs, forest exploitation and Sport hunting (Safari) enterprises and local public administrations that had working rapports with village communities around the BBNP. Information was generally sought on the role of stakeholders in forest management, in terms of use, protection, policy enforcement, challenges encountered in their activities and their relationships with other stakeholders. Actor linkage matrix was used to establish the relationships between different stakeholders. The identified stakeholder groups included the local community, State, international and local NGOs, economic operators (forest exploitation and sport hunting enterprises), and also the rules guiding their activities. Conflicts were rife between the community and the other stakeholders with regard to resource accessibility and use, whereas intra-community conflicts mostly resulted from cases of corruption and embezzlement linked to benefits sharing. Cases of collaboration among all the stakeholders were mostly related to anti-poaching patrols and setting of forest concession limits. There is a need to bring all stakeholders on the same platform, such as in a consultation workshop, to get their perceptions on building trust, conflict resolution and genuine collaboration in resources management.
文摘In the 12 years since the Belt and Road Initiative was first proposed,many Chinese enterprises have made fruitful achievements in the participating countries of the Belt and Road Initiative.
文摘This study examines the impact of political polarization on youth engagement in Brazil,focusing on the intersection of historical legacies,cultural dynamics,and modern political influences.Tracing the evolution of polarization from the military dictatorship era to contemporary politics under Jair Bolsonaro,the study explores how polarized rhetoric,misinformation,and digital media have reshaped the political landscape for young Brazilians.Data for the study were collected through a survey of 159 college students aged 18-25 from public and private institutions across Brazil,complemented by 10 interviews with youth activists and party leaders from the Workers’Party(PT)and the Liberal Party(PL).These methods aimed to evaluate how polarization affects young people’s beliefs,political identities,behaviors,engagement levels,and ability to participate in constructive political discourse.The findings reveal that while polarization fosters hostility and deepens ideological divides,it also inspires youth activism by creating a sense of identity and belonging.Education,digital information channels,and the lack of representation in leadership roles emerge as key factors shaping youth engagement.Despite challenges,the research underscores hope:young Brazilians display resilience,critical awareness,and a shared desire for accountability and inclusivity.This study highlights the potential of youth to bridge divides and lead Brazil toward a more collaborative and democratic future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62072411,62372343,62402352,62403500)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(No.2023BEB024)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Social Computing and Cognitive Intelligence(Dalian University of Technology),Ministry of Education(No.SCCI2024TB02).
文摘The proliferation of deep learning(DL)has amplified the demand for processing large and complex datasets for tasks such as modeling,classification,and identification.However,traditional DL methods compromise client privacy by collecting sensitive data,underscoring the necessity for privacy-preserving solutions like Federated Learning(FL).FL effectively addresses escalating privacy concerns by facilitating collaborative model training without necessitating the sharing of raw data.Given that FL clients autonomously manage training data,encouraging client engagement is pivotal for successful model training.To overcome challenges like unreliable communication and budget constraints,we present ENTIRE,a contract-based dynamic participation incentive mechanism for FL.ENTIRE ensures impartial model training by tailoring participation levels and payments to accommodate diverse client preferences.Our approach involves several key steps.Initially,we examine how random client participation impacts FL convergence in non-convex scenarios,establishing the correlation between client participation levels and model performance.Subsequently,we reframe model performance optimization as an optimal contract design challenge to guide the distribution of rewards among clients with varying participation costs.By balancing budget considerations with model effectiveness,we craft optimal contracts for different budgetary constraints,prompting clients to disclose their participation preferences and select suitable contracts for contributing to model training.Finally,we conduct a comprehensive experimental evaluation of ENTIRE using three real datasets.The results demonstrate a significant 12.9%enhancement in model performance,validating its adherence to anticipated economic properties.
文摘Performance evaluation,as a multidimensional and comprehensive assessment tool,plays a pivotal role in accurately reflecting the quality of higher education and effectively promoting institutional governance.In the evolving landscape of educational reform,nonprofit private universities in China face pressing challenges in leveraging performance evaluations to standardize internal operations,guide strategic development,and foster public trust.This paper focuses on these institutions and conducts an in-depth analysis of existing problems in performance evaluation practices.Drawing on contemporary theoretical frameworks and empirical experiences,it proposes feasible,targeted governance strategies.The aim is to offer both theoretical insights and practical guidelines to support the sustainable development of non-profit private universities and to help these institutions better integrate into the national education system while fulfilling their social missions.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF)of South Africa grant number[115581].
文摘Promoting environmental sustainability in South Africa’s cities through public participation is vital for foster-ing inclusive governance and equitable decision-making.Currently,63%of South Africa’s population—and 64%of its youth—live in urban areas,with this figure expected to rise to nearly 80%by 2050.Rapid urbanisation brings significant environmental challenges,including air and noise pollution,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,and inadequate waste management.Globally,cities contribute over 70%of GHG emissions and consume two-thirds of the world’s energy.South African cities face similar issues:worsening air quality in regions like the Highveld,water scarcity,urban flooding,waste management problems,and biodiversity loss due to urban sprawl.This article explores how South Africa’s consti-tutional and legislative frameworks support public participation in promoting urban environmental sustainability.Using doctrinal research,it examines key legal instruments—including the Constitution and environmental laws—that establish participatory rights and promote transparency,accountability,and inclusivity.The article draws on court decisions and case studies to highlight ongoing barriers to meaningful participation,particularly for marginalised communities.These include administrative inefficiencies,political interference,and unequal access to information and resources.The article concludes by proposing strategies such as capacity-building initiatives,the integration of traditional knowledge systems,and enhanced institutional coordination to strengthen public participation and improve urban environmental outcomes,addressing both global environmental pressures and South Africa’s unique urban sustainability challenges.
文摘Ethical Statements and Participant’s Consents were not included in the published version of the following articles that appeared in previous issues of Allergy Medicine.The appropriate Ethical Statements and Participant’s Consents provided by the Authors.
基金The Trùndelag Health Study (HUNT) is a collaboration between HUNT Research Centre (Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trùndelag County Council, Central Norway Regional Health Authority, and the Norwegian Institute of Public HealthThe coordination of European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition - Spain study (EPIC) is financially supported by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)+7 种基金by the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, which has additional infrastructure support provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)supported by Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andaluc 1a, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO (Spain)funded by The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and DevelopmentZon Mw (Grant No.: 531-00141-3)Funding for the SHIP study has been provided by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBFidentification codes 01 ZZ96030, 01 ZZ0103, and 01 ZZ0701)support from the Swedish Research Council (2018-02527 and 2019-00193)financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and by the State of Bavaria.
文摘Background There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels.This study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels.Methods This study utilized individual participant data from 21 cohort studies,comprising both published and unpublished data.Eligibility criteria included individual-level data on leisure-time and occupational physical activity(categorized as sedentary,low,moderate,and high)along with data on all-cause and/or cardiovascular mortality.A 2-stage individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted,with separate analysis of each study using Cox proportional hazards models(Stage 1).These results were combined using random-effects models(Stage 2).Results Higher leisure-time physical activity levels were associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk across most occupational physical activity levels,for both males and females.Among males with sedentary work,high compared to sedentary leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower all-cause(hazard ratios(HR)=0.77,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.70-0.85)and cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.76,95%CI:0.66-0.87)risk.Among males with high levels of occupational physical activity,high compared to sedentary leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower all-cause(HR=0.84,95%CI:0.74-0.97)and cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.60-1.04)risk,while HRs for low and moderate levels of leisure-time physical activity ranged between 0.87 and 0.97 and were not statistically significant.Among females,most effects were similar but more imprecise,especially in the higher occupational physical activity levels.Conclusion Higher levels of leisure-time physical activity were generally associated with lower mortality risks.However,results for workers with moderate and high occupational physical activity levels,especially women,were more imprecise.Our findings suggests that workers may benefit from engaging in high levels of leisure-time physical activity,irrespective of their level of occupational physical activity.
文摘Most vaccines get injected into muscle,swallowed by mouth,or squirted into the nose.But in a clinical study reported in January 2025 in Nature Medicine[1],researchers in the Netherlands used a less conventional method to deliver an investigational vaccine:mosquito bites.The mosquitoes carried malaria-causing Plasmod-ium falciparum parasites that had been genetically engineered to trigger a productive immune response without making people sick.Nine of ten study participants who each,in a single session,with-stood 50 bites from this laboratory strain of mosquitoes,success-fully fended off infection when challenged with infective malaria parasites six weeks later.
