Point-of-care testing(POCT)refers to a category of diagnostic tests that are performed at or near to the site of the patients(also called bedside testing)and is capable of obtaining accurate results in a short time by...Point-of-care testing(POCT)refers to a category of diagnostic tests that are performed at or near to the site of the patients(also called bedside testing)and is capable of obtaining accurate results in a short time by using portable diagnostic devices,avoiding sending samples to the medical laboratories.It has been extensively explored for diagnosing and monitoring patients’diseases and health conditions with the assistance of development in biochemistry and microfluidics.Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices(μPADs)have gained dramatic popularity in POCT because of their simplicity,user-friendly,fast and accurate result reading and low cost.SeveralμPADs have been successfully commercialized and received excellent feedback during the past several decades.This review briefly discusses the main types ofμPADs,preparation methods and their detection principles,followed by a few representative examples.The future perspectives of the development inμPADs are also provided.展开更多
Nickel(II)as one of the primary categories of heavy metals can lead to serious health problems if achieving the critical levels in the water.Thus,it is vital to propose a stable,reliable,and economical approach for de...Nickel(II)as one of the primary categories of heavy metals can lead to serious health problems if achieving the critical levels in the water.Thus,it is vital to propose a stable,reliable,and economical approach for detecting Ni ions.The microfluidic paper-based analytical devices(µPADs)are potential candidates for the detection of water quality parameters including pH,heavy ions,nitrite and so on.However,it suffers from a huge error caused by the environment and artificial mistakes.In this study,we proposed an improved technique route to increase the stability and reliability of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices.The main technique points include a stable light source,a matched camera,improved reliability of the devices,and effective calculated methods.Finally,we established 15 standard curves that could be used to detect nickel ions and obtained uniform colorimetric results with reliability and repeatability.With those improvements,the relative errors for the five types of real water samples from the Zhongshan industrial parks were reduced to 0.26%,14.78%,24.20%,50.29%and 3.53%,respectively.These results were conducive to exploring this technique for the detection of nickel ions in wastewater from the Zhongshan industrial parks.The results demonstrated that the above technique route is promising for the detection of other heavy metal ions in industrial effluent.展开更多
A series of measures to implement national volume‐based procurement(NVBP)and follow‐on NVBP in China have significantly reduced insulin prices and increased patient affordability.However,NVBP may lead to a higher bu...A series of measures to implement national volume‐based procurement(NVBP)and follow‐on NVBP in China have significantly reduced insulin prices and increased patient affordability.However,NVBP may lead to a higher burden of insulin‐related consumables(such as injection pens and needles),which might discourage patients from using insulin in the pooled list and increase the risk of needle reuse.This article emphasizes that it is essential NVBP be implemented for both drugs and consumables,which will contribute to the achievement of universal insulin access.展开更多
Multimodal spatiotemporal data from smart city consumer electronics present critical challenges including cross-modal temporal misalignment,unreliable data quality,limited joint modeling of spatial and temporal depend...Multimodal spatiotemporal data from smart city consumer electronics present critical challenges including cross-modal temporal misalignment,unreliable data quality,limited joint modeling of spatial and temporal dependencies,and weak resilience to adversarial updates.To address these limitations,EdgeST-Fusion is introduced as a cross-modal federated graph transformer framework for context-aware smart city analytics.The architecture integrates cross-modal embedding networks for modality alignment,graph transformer encoders for spatial dependency modeling,temporal self-attention for dynamic pattern learning,and adaptive anomaly detection to ensure data quality and security during aggregation.A privacy-preserving federated learning protocol with differential privacy guarantees enables collaborative model training without centralizing sensitive data.The framework employs data-quality-aware weighted aggregation to enhance robustness against noisy and malicious client updates.Experimental evaluation on the GeoLife,PeMS-Bay,and SmartHome+datasets demonstrates that EdgeST-Fusion achieves 21.8%improvement in prediction accuracy,35.7%reduction in communication overhead,and 29.4%enhancement in security resilience compared to recent baselines.Real-world deployment across three smart city testbeds validates practical viability with 90.0%average accuracy and sub-250 ms inference latency.The proposed framework remains feasible for deployment on heterogeneous and resource-constrained consumer electronics devices whilemaintaining strong privacy guarantees and scalability for large-scale urban environments.展开更多
We analyzed the status and development of the welding consumables industry in China during the 12th Five-Year Plan （2011 -2015） period, and identified the major problems in the industry. We predicted the develop...We analyzed the status and development of the welding consumables industry in China during the 12th Five-Year Plan （2011 -2015） period, and identified the major problems in the industry. We predicted the development trends that are expected for the ／3th Five-Year Plan （2016 -2020） period. We suggest some specific countermeasures and practices, which the Chinese welding industry should accelerate the transformation-upgrading and coordinated development of the industry and its firms , should work on improving their overall quality to improve the brand,s influence, enlarge their input into research and technology upgrading,and develop a low-carbon green production mode that could be put in place to promote the development of the Chinese welding consumables industry.展开更多
Convenient,rapid,and accurate detection of cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is crucial in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor is a promising choice in this field,becau...Convenient,rapid,and accurate detection of cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is crucial in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor is a promising choice in this field,because of the flexibility,porosity,and cost-efficacy of the paper.However,paper is poor in electronic conductivity and surface functionality.Herein,we report a paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for the label-free detection of cTnI with the working electrode modified by MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2))nanosheets.In order to immobilize the bio-receptor(anti-cTnI)on the MXene-modified working electrode,the MXene nanosheets were functionalized by aminosilane,and the functionalized MXene was immobilized onto the surface of the working electrode through Nafion.The large surface area of the MXene nanosheets facilitates the immobilization of antibodies,and the excellent conductivity facilitates the electron transfer between the electrochemical species and the underlying electrode surface.As a result,the paper-based immunosensor could detect cTnI within a wide range of 5-100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.58 ng/mL.The immunosensor also shows outstanding selectivity and good repeatability.Our MXene-modified paper-based electrochemical immunosensor enables fast and sensitive detection of cTnI,which may be used in real-time and cost-efficient monitoring of AMI diseases in clinics.展开更多
Supercapacitors are favored by researchers because of their high power density,especially with the acceleration of people’s life rhythm.However,their energy density,especially from the point of view of the whole ener...Supercapacitors are favored by researchers because of their high power density,especially with the acceleration of people’s life rhythm.However,their energy density,especially from the point of view of the whole energy storage device,is far lower than that of commercial batteries.In this work,a kind of customizable full paper-based supercapacitor device with excellent self-healing ability is fabricated by simple and low-cost screen printing,electropolymerization and dip coating methods.The resultant separatorfree supercapacitor device exhibits both ultrahigh gravimetric and areal specific energy(power)densities of 39 Wh kg^(-1)(69 k W kg^(-1))and 692μWh cm^(-2)(236 m W cm^(-2)),achieving excellent supercapacitor performance.Notably,the addition of vitrimers endows the whole device with outstanding self-healing properties,which is helpful for enhancing the adaptability of the device to the environment.In addition,this kind of paper-based device also displays good photothermal and electromagnetic shielding performances.These striking features make paper matrix composites attractive in the fields of supercapacitors,medical photothermal treatment and electromagnetic shielding.展开更多
It is well established that paper-based separators display short-circuit risk in lithium-ion batteries due to their intrinsic micron-sized pores.In this research,we have adjusted pore structure of paper by fiber swell...It is well established that paper-based separators display short-circuit risk in lithium-ion batteries due to their intrinsic micron-sized pores.In this research,we have adjusted pore structure of paper by fiber swelling in liquid electrolyte.Specifically,the paper-based separator is prepared by propionylated sisal fibers through a wet papermaking process.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and multi-range X-ray nano-computed tomography(CT)images display strong swelling of modified fibers after electrolyte absorption,which can effectively decrease the pore size of separator.Due to the high electrolyte uptake(817 wt%),paper-based separator exhibits ionic conductivity of 2.93 mS cm^(-1).^(7)Li solid-state NMR spectroscopy and Gaussian simulation reveal that the formation of local high Li^(+)ion concentration in the separator and its low absorption energy with Li^(+) ion(62.2 kcal mol^(-1))is conducive to the ionic transportation.In particular,the assembled Li/separator/LiFePO_(4) cell displays wide electrochemical stability window(5.2 V)and excellent cycle performance(capacity retention of 96.6%after 100 cycles at 0.5C)due to the reduced side reactions as well as enhanced electrolyte absorption and retention capacity by propionylation.Our proposed strategy will provide a novel perspective to design high-performance biobased separators to boost the development of clean and sustainable energy economy.展开更多
Paper devices have recently attracted considerable attention as a class of cost-effective cell culture substrates for various biomedical applications.The paper biomaterial can be used to partially mimic the in vivo ce...Paper devices have recently attracted considerable attention as a class of cost-effective cell culture substrates for various biomedical applications.The paper biomaterial can be used to partially mimic the in vivo cell microenvironments mainly due to its natural three-dimensional characteristic.The paper-based devices provide precise control over their structures as well as cell distributions,allowing recapitulation of certain interactions between the cells and the extracellular matrix.These features have shown great potential for the development of normal and diseased human tissue models.In this review,we discuss the fabrication of paper-based devices for in vitro tissue modeling,as well as the applications of these devices toward drug screening and personalized medicine.It is believed that paper as a biomaterial will play an essential role in the field of tissue model engineering due to its unique performances,such as good biocompatibility,eco-friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and amenability to various biodesign and manufacturing needs.展开更多
In this paper,we presented a novel strategy to employ a plantderived carbohydrate polymer,i.e.,cellulose,to prepare a hydrophobic composite.Cellulose was used as a scaffold,and ethylene-propylene side by side(ES)fiber...In this paper,we presented a novel strategy to employ a plantderived carbohydrate polymer,i.e.,cellulose,to prepare a hydrophobic composite.Cellulose was used as a scaffold,and ethylene-propylene side by side(ES)fiber was thermally melted and then coated on the cellulose surface to achieve hydrophobicity.Experimental results revealed that the thermocoating ES fibers greatly increased the water contact angle of the cellulose scaffold from 25°to 153°while simultaneously enhanced the wet tensile strength of the composite approximately 6.7-fold(drying temperature of 170℃)compared with the pure cellulose paper.In particular,compared with other related research,the prepared cellulose-based composite possessed excellent hydrophobicity and superior mechanical strength,which introduces a new chemical engineering approach to prepare hydrophobic cellulose-based functional materials.展开更多
In recent years,paper-based functional materials have received extensive attention in the field of energy storage due to their advantages of rich and adjustable porous network structure and good flexibility.As an impo...In recent years,paper-based functional materials have received extensive attention in the field of energy storage due to their advantages of rich and adjustable porous network structure and good flexibility.As an important energy storage device,paper-based supercapacitors have important application prospects in many fields and have also received extensive attention from researchers in recent years.At present,researchers have modified and regulated paper-based materials by different means such as structural design and material composition to enhance their electrochemical storage capacity.The development of paper-based supercapacitors provides an important direction for the development of green and sustainable energy.Therefore,it is of great significance to summarize the relevant work of paper-based supercapacitors for their rapid development and application.In this review,the recent research progress of paper-based supercapacitors based on cellulose was summarized in terms of various cellulose-based composites,preparation skills,and electrochemical performance.Finally,some opinions on the problems in the development of this field and the future development trend were proposed.It is hoped that this review can provide valuable references and ideas for the rapid development of paper-based energy storage devices.展开更多
In traditional in situ polymerization preparation for solid-state electrolytes,initiators are directly added to the liquid precursor.In this article,a novel cellulose paper-based composite separator is fabricated,whic...In traditional in situ polymerization preparation for solid-state electrolytes,initiators are directly added to the liquid precursor.In this article,a novel cellulose paper-based composite separator is fabricated,which employs alumina as the inorganic reinforcing material and is loaded with polymerization initiator aluminum trifluoromethanesulfonate.Based upon this,a separator-induced in situ directional polymerization technique is demonstrated,and the extra addition of initiators into liquid precursors is no longer required.The polymerization starts from the surface and interior of the separator and extends outward with the gradually dissolving of initiators into the precursor.Compared with its traditional counterpart,the separator-induced poly(1,3-dioxolane)electrolyte shows improved interfacial contact as well as appropriately mitigated polymerization rate,which are conducive to practical applications.Electrochemical measurement results show that the prepared poly(1,3-dioxolane)solid electrolyte possesses an oxidation potential up to 4.4 V and a high Li+transference number of 0.72.After 1000 cycles at 2 C rate(340 mA g^(−1)),the assembled Li||LiFePO_(4)solid battery possesses a 106.8 mAh g^(−1)discharge capacity retention and 83.5%capacity retention ratio,with high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.5%achieved.Our work may provide new ideas for the design and application of in situ polymerization technique for solid electrolytes and solid batteries.展开更多
In this study,the effect of hot calendering process on the microstructure and properties of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)(PPTA) paper-based materials was investigated.The microstructures of the fracture surface,cr...In this study,the effect of hot calendering process on the microstructure and properties of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)(PPTA) paper-based materials was investigated.The microstructures of the fracture surface,crystalline structure,and single fiber strength of the PPTA paperbased materials as well as the different bonding behaviors between the PPTA fibers and PPTA fibrids obtained before and after the hot calendering process were examined.The results indicated that a high linear pressure would result in a limited improvement of the strength owing to the unimproved paper structure.The optimal values of tensile index and dielectric strength of 56.6 N·m/g and 27.6 kV/mm,respectively,could only be achieved with a synergistic effects of hot calendering temperature and linear pressure(240℃ and 110 k N/m,respectively).This result suggested it was possible to achieve a significant reinforcement and improvement in the interfacial bonding of functional PPTA paper-based materials,and avoid the formation of unexpected pleats and cracks in PPTA paper-based materials during the hot calendering process.展开更多
A novel paper-based analytical device(PAD)was prepared and applied to determine the xanthine oxidase(XOD)inhibitory activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts(SME).First,polycaprolactone was 3D printed on filter paper a...A novel paper-based analytical device(PAD)was prepared and applied to determine the xanthine oxidase(XOD)inhibitory activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts(SME).First,polycaprolactone was 3D printed on filter paper and heated to form hydrophobic barriers.Then the modified paper was cut according to the specific design.Necessary reagents including XOD for the colorimetric assay were immobilized on two separate pieces of paper.By simply adding phosphate buffer,the reaction was performed on the double-layer PAD.Quantitative results were obtained by analyzing the color intensity with the specialized device system(consisting of a smartphone,a detection box and sandwich plates).The 3Dprinted detection box was small,with a size of 9.0 cm×7.0 cm×11.5 cm.Color component G performed well in terms of linearity and detection limits and thus was identified as the index.The reaction conditions were optimized using a definitive screening design.Moreover,a 10%glycerol solution was found to be a suitable stabilizer.When the stabilizer was added,the activity of XOD could be maintained for at least 15 days under 4℃ or-20℃ storage conditions.The inhibitory activity of SME was investigated and compared to that of allopurinol.The results obtained with the PAD showed agreement with those obtained with the microplate method.In conclusion,the proposed PAD method is simple,accurate and has a potential for point-of-care testing.It also holds promise for use in rapid quality testing of medicinal herbs,intermediate products,and preparations of traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))is a representative toxicant in air pollution that mostly arises from the exhaust gas released by automobiles.It is related to various respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and sudden infant d...Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))is a representative toxicant in air pollution that mostly arises from the exhaust gas released by automobiles.It is related to various respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and sudden infant death syndrome.Additionally,because the toxicity of nitrogen dioxide is high in overpopulated areas(i.e.,a capital or metropolis),the development of simple,practical,and facile sensors is highly needed.This work presents a flexible and disposable paper-based NO_(2)sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide/chitosan(r GO/CS)composite.The synthesized r GO/CS composite can be easily flexed and deformed into various shapes,which are attributed to chitosan molecules that function as a dispersion and reduction agent and support material.In addition,this composite can be attached to paper owing to its adhesive property;hence it can be utilized in versatile applications in a disposable manner.By analyzing the conductive change of the r GO/CS composite when it reacts with NO_(2),we can detect nitrogen dioxide in a concentration range of 0–100 ppm with a detection limit of 1 ppm.Moreover,we performed NO_(2)detection in the exhaust gas released by automobiles using the r GO/CS composite for practical application.The results indicated that the r GO/CS composite has the potential to be used in feasible gas sensing as a facile and disposable sensor under various conditions.展开更多
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have been fabricated in various ways to improve flexibility. Flexibility could be enhanced via active materials, separators, electrodes, and electrolytes, which could then be integrated ...Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have been fabricated in various ways to improve flexibility. Flexibility could be enhanced via active materials, separators, electrodes, and electrolytes, which could then be integrated to form flexible electronic devices with promising electrochemical properties compared to traditional non-flexible Li-ion batteries. Recent progress towards flexible Li-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ion batteries fabrication, materials, and their electrochemical properties are investigated in this review. Additionally, recent developments in electronic devices utilizing flexible batteries and their future applications are explored. Portable and wearable electronics, as the primary beneficiaries of the flexible, rechargeable, and high-performance Li-ion batteries, are examined. In the end, various applications and challenges of flexible batteries in healthcare and various energy storage systems, considering practical implementation, are argued.展开更多
Flexible micro-scale energy storage devices as the key component to power the flexible miniaturized electronic devices are attracting extensive attention. In this study, interdigitated asymmetric all-solidstate flexib...Flexible micro-scale energy storage devices as the key component to power the flexible miniaturized electronic devices are attracting extensive attention. In this study, interdigitated asymmetric all-solidstate flexible micro-supercapacitors（MSCs） were fabricated by a simple pencil drawing process followed by electrodepositing MnO_2 on one of the as-drawn graphite electrode as anode and the other as cathode.The as-prepared electrodes showed high areal specific capacitance of 220 μF/cm^2 at 2.5 μA/cm^2. The energy density and the corresponding power density of the resultant asymmetrical flexible MSCs were up to 110 μWh/cm^2 and 1.2 μW/cm^2, respectively. Furthermore, excellent cycling performance（91% retention of capacity after 1000 cycles） was achieved. The resultant devices also exhibited good electrochemical stability under bending conditions, demonstrating superior flexibility. This study provides a simple yet efficient methodology for designing and fabricating flexible supercapacitors applicable for portable and wearable electronics.展开更多
In this paper the situation of Chinese welding consumables production output, exported amount, quality and varieties in the last decade was reviewed. Meanwhile, the imported production facilities for covered electrode...In this paper the situation of Chinese welding consumables production output, exported amount, quality and varieties in the last decade was reviewed. Meanwhile, the imported production facilities for covered electrodes, CO2 welding wires and flux cored wires were introduced. Also, the currently existing problems in welding consumables profession were discussed, and development trend in the future was predicted.展开更多
The development of a single analytical platform with different functions is highly desirable but remains a challenge at present.Here,a paper-based device based on fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)functionalized paper/MnO_(...The development of a single analytical platform with different functions is highly desirable but remains a challenge at present.Here,a paper-based device based on fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)functionalized paper/MnO_(2)nanosheets(MnO_(2)NS)hybrid devices(PCD/NS)was proposed for single-device multi-function applications.MnO_(2)NS functioned as a fluorescence quencher of CDs and recognizer of H_(2)O_(2)released from the oxidase catalyzed system.Fluorescence recovery would occur after the decomposition of MnO_(2)NS induced by H_(2)O_(2),by which a simple and effective strategy could be developed for fluorescence monitoring multiplex biological events.Xanthine(XA)sensing,xanthine oxidase(XOD)inhibitors screening analysis and chiral recognition of glucose enantiomers were performed on PCD/NS to investigate the multifunctional application of the paper-based device.By means of PCD/NS,XA could be determined in the range of 0.1–40μmol/L with a low detection of limit of 0.06μmol/L.The IC_(50)value of allopurinol,the model inhibitor of XOD,was sensitively detected to be 7.4μmol/L.Glucose enantiomers were also recognized in terms of the specific fluorescence response to d-glucose.This work firstly presented a paper-based device capable of biomarkers detection,inhibitors screening and chiral recognition,which enlightened a promising strategy for the construction of multifunctional devices and hold the great potential application in clinical diagnosis and drug discovery.展开更多
Objective:To study the secondary warehouse management system and operation mode of medical low value consumables under SPD mode.Methods:From August 2018 to August 2019,the management mode of the secondary warehouse ma...Objective:To study the secondary warehouse management system and operation mode of medical low value consumables under SPD mode.Methods:From August 2018 to August 2019,the management mode of the secondary warehouse management system of medical low value consumables was selected.According to the management method,it can be divided into the observation group and the control group.The relevant data of the observation group was based on SPD mode,and the data of the control group was based on the traditional mode.According to the improvement of the two groups of data management effect,data integration and analysis are carried out to judge the effectiveness of the SPD mode of medical low value consumables secondary warehouse management system and its working mode.Results:During the analysis of the two groups of data,the relevant data were analyzed.The data validity of the observation group was higher(94.0%),and the differences of the limitations and problems in the management process had more advantages,while the relevant data corresponding to the two groups of data had significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:According to the current research results,Based on the collection,storage and central management of data electronic medical record information,the secondary warehouse management system of medical low value consumables under SPD mode is connected with clinical information system and management information system,which realizes the unification,resource integration and efficient operation of different business systems in the hospital,so as to help improve the quality and efficiency of medical care,prevent and reduce medical errors,Control and reduce medical expenses.展开更多
文摘Point-of-care testing(POCT)refers to a category of diagnostic tests that are performed at or near to the site of the patients(also called bedside testing)and is capable of obtaining accurate results in a short time by using portable diagnostic devices,avoiding sending samples to the medical laboratories.It has been extensively explored for diagnosing and monitoring patients’diseases and health conditions with the assistance of development in biochemistry and microfluidics.Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices(μPADs)have gained dramatic popularity in POCT because of their simplicity,user-friendly,fast and accurate result reading and low cost.SeveralμPADs have been successfully commercialized and received excellent feedback during the past several decades.This review briefly discusses the main types ofμPADs,preparation methods and their detection principles,followed by a few representative examples.The future perspectives of the development inμPADs are also provided.
基金funded by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation[Grant No.Z210006]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.62275061].
文摘Nickel(II)as one of the primary categories of heavy metals can lead to serious health problems if achieving the critical levels in the water.Thus,it is vital to propose a stable,reliable,and economical approach for detecting Ni ions.The microfluidic paper-based analytical devices(µPADs)are potential candidates for the detection of water quality parameters including pH,heavy ions,nitrite and so on.However,it suffers from a huge error caused by the environment and artificial mistakes.In this study,we proposed an improved technique route to increase the stability and reliability of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices.The main technique points include a stable light source,a matched camera,improved reliability of the devices,and effective calculated methods.Finally,we established 15 standard curves that could be used to detect nickel ions and obtained uniform colorimetric results with reliability and repeatability.With those improvements,the relative errors for the five types of real water samples from the Zhongshan industrial parks were reduced to 0.26%,14.78%,24.20%,50.29%and 3.53%,respectively.These results were conducive to exploring this technique for the detection of nickel ions in wastewater from the Zhongshan industrial parks.The results demonstrated that the above technique route is promising for the detection of other heavy metal ions in industrial effluent.
基金SUSTech Medical Research Innovation Project,Grant/Award Number:G030410001National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:72342016+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,Grant/Award Number:JCYJ20250604144558076China Scholarship Council Scholarship,Grant/Award Number:202506280122。
文摘A series of measures to implement national volume‐based procurement(NVBP)and follow‐on NVBP in China have significantly reduced insulin prices and increased patient affordability.However,NVBP may lead to a higher burden of insulin‐related consumables(such as injection pens and needles),which might discourage patients from using insulin in the pooled list and increase the risk of needle reuse.This article emphasizes that it is essential NVBP be implemented for both drugs and consumables,which will contribute to the achievement of universal insulin access.
基金supported by the University of Tabuk,Saudi Arabia。
文摘Multimodal spatiotemporal data from smart city consumer electronics present critical challenges including cross-modal temporal misalignment,unreliable data quality,limited joint modeling of spatial and temporal dependencies,and weak resilience to adversarial updates.To address these limitations,EdgeST-Fusion is introduced as a cross-modal federated graph transformer framework for context-aware smart city analytics.The architecture integrates cross-modal embedding networks for modality alignment,graph transformer encoders for spatial dependency modeling,temporal self-attention for dynamic pattern learning,and adaptive anomaly detection to ensure data quality and security during aggregation.A privacy-preserving federated learning protocol with differential privacy guarantees enables collaborative model training without centralizing sensitive data.The framework employs data-quality-aware weighted aggregation to enhance robustness against noisy and malicious client updates.Experimental evaluation on the GeoLife,PeMS-Bay,and SmartHome+datasets demonstrates that EdgeST-Fusion achieves 21.8%improvement in prediction accuracy,35.7%reduction in communication overhead,and 29.4%enhancement in security resilience compared to recent baselines.Real-world deployment across three smart city testbeds validates practical viability with 90.0%average accuracy and sub-250 ms inference latency.The proposed framework remains feasible for deployment on heterogeneous and resource-constrained consumer electronics devices whilemaintaining strong privacy guarantees and scalability for large-scale urban environments.
文摘We analyzed the status and development of the welding consumables industry in China during the 12th Five-Year Plan （2011 -2015） period, and identified the major problems in the industry. We predicted the development trends that are expected for the ／3th Five-Year Plan （2016 -2020） period. We suggest some specific countermeasures and practices, which the Chinese welding industry should accelerate the transformation-upgrading and coordinated development of the industry and its firms , should work on improving their overall quality to improve the brand,s influence, enlarge their input into research and technology upgrading,and develop a low-carbon green production mode that could be put in place to promote the development of the Chinese welding consumables industry.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0204700)the Joint Research Funds of Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(2020GXLH-Z-021)+1 种基金the China-Sweden Joint Mobility Project(51811530018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Convenient,rapid,and accurate detection of cardiac troponin I(cTnI)is crucial in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).A paper-based electrochemical immunosensor is a promising choice in this field,because of the flexibility,porosity,and cost-efficacy of the paper.However,paper is poor in electronic conductivity and surface functionality.Herein,we report a paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for the label-free detection of cTnI with the working electrode modified by MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2))nanosheets.In order to immobilize the bio-receptor(anti-cTnI)on the MXene-modified working electrode,the MXene nanosheets were functionalized by aminosilane,and the functionalized MXene was immobilized onto the surface of the working electrode through Nafion.The large surface area of the MXene nanosheets facilitates the immobilization of antibodies,and the excellent conductivity facilitates the electron transfer between the electrochemical species and the underlying electrode surface.As a result,the paper-based immunosensor could detect cTnI within a wide range of 5-100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.58 ng/mL.The immunosensor also shows outstanding selectivity and good repeatability.Our MXene-modified paper-based electrochemical immunosensor enables fast and sensitive detection of cTnI,which may be used in real-time and cost-efficient monitoring of AMI diseases in clinics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078184)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M653853XB)+6 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2020JQ-729)the Key Projects of Collaborative Innovation Center of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Educationthe Opening Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp&Papermaking and Pollution Control(No.2019KF21)the Natural Science Advance Research Foundation of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(No.2018QNBJ-03)the National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education(No.2018QGSJ02-13)the Jiangxi Qingyue Technology Co.,Ltd(No.210200122)the Biomass Chemistry and Materials Academician Workstation Project in SUST(No.134090002)。
文摘Supercapacitors are favored by researchers because of their high power density,especially with the acceleration of people’s life rhythm.However,their energy density,especially from the point of view of the whole energy storage device,is far lower than that of commercial batteries.In this work,a kind of customizable full paper-based supercapacitor device with excellent self-healing ability is fabricated by simple and low-cost screen printing,electropolymerization and dip coating methods.The resultant separatorfree supercapacitor device exhibits both ultrahigh gravimetric and areal specific energy(power)densities of 39 Wh kg^(-1)(69 k W kg^(-1))and 692μWh cm^(-2)(236 m W cm^(-2)),achieving excellent supercapacitor performance.Notably,the addition of vitrimers endows the whole device with outstanding self-healing properties,which is helpful for enhancing the adaptability of the device to the environment.In addition,this kind of paper-based device also displays good photothermal and electromagnetic shielding performances.These striking features make paper matrix composites attractive in the fields of supercapacitors,medical photothermal treatment and electromagnetic shielding.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2018GXNSFBA138027)the Scientific Research Foundation of Guangxi University(XGZ170232)the National Enterprise Technology Center of Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd(202100033)。
文摘It is well established that paper-based separators display short-circuit risk in lithium-ion batteries due to their intrinsic micron-sized pores.In this research,we have adjusted pore structure of paper by fiber swelling in liquid electrolyte.Specifically,the paper-based separator is prepared by propionylated sisal fibers through a wet papermaking process.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and multi-range X-ray nano-computed tomography(CT)images display strong swelling of modified fibers after electrolyte absorption,which can effectively decrease the pore size of separator.Due to the high electrolyte uptake(817 wt%),paper-based separator exhibits ionic conductivity of 2.93 mS cm^(-1).^(7)Li solid-state NMR spectroscopy and Gaussian simulation reveal that the formation of local high Li^(+)ion concentration in the separator and its low absorption energy with Li^(+) ion(62.2 kcal mol^(-1))is conducive to the ionic transportation.In particular,the assembled Li/separator/LiFePO_(4) cell displays wide electrochemical stability window(5.2 V)and excellent cycle performance(capacity retention of 96.6%after 100 cycles at 0.5C)due to the reduced side reactions as well as enhanced electrolyte absorption and retention capacity by propionylation.Our proposed strategy will provide a novel perspective to design high-performance biobased separators to boost the development of clean and sustainable energy economy.
基金This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health(R00CA201603,R21EB025270,R21EB026175,R01EB028143)the Brigham Research Institute.
文摘Paper devices have recently attracted considerable attention as a class of cost-effective cell culture substrates for various biomedical applications.The paper biomaterial can be used to partially mimic the in vivo cell microenvironments mainly due to its natural three-dimensional characteristic.The paper-based devices provide precise control over their structures as well as cell distributions,allowing recapitulation of certain interactions between the cells and the extracellular matrix.These features have shown great potential for the development of normal and diseased human tissue models.In this review,we discuss the fabrication of paper-based devices for in vitro tissue modeling,as well as the applications of these devices toward drug screening and personalized medicine.It is believed that paper as a biomaterial will play an essential role in the field of tissue model engineering due to its unique performances,such as good biocompatibility,eco-friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and amenability to various biodesign and manufacturing needs.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31770624 and No.21978029)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0400703)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning(No.20170540069)the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University(LR2016058)Liaoning Million Talents Program(201945).
文摘In this paper,we presented a novel strategy to employ a plantderived carbohydrate polymer,i.e.,cellulose,to prepare a hydrophobic composite.Cellulose was used as a scaffold,and ethylene-propylene side by side(ES)fiber was thermally melted and then coated on the cellulose surface to achieve hydrophobicity.Experimental results revealed that the thermocoating ES fibers greatly increased the water contact angle of the cellulose scaffold from 25°to 153°while simultaneously enhanced the wet tensile strength of the composite approximately 6.7-fold(drying temperature of 170℃)compared with the pure cellulose paper.In particular,compared with other related research,the prepared cellulose-based composite possessed excellent hydrophobicity and superior mechanical strength,which introduces a new chemical engineering approach to prepare hydrophobic cellulose-based functional materials.
基金supported by the fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078184,22171170)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M653853XB)+1 种基金the Natural Science Advance Research Foundation of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(2018QNBJ-03)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(2019TSLH0316)
文摘In recent years,paper-based functional materials have received extensive attention in the field of energy storage due to their advantages of rich and adjustable porous network structure and good flexibility.As an important energy storage device,paper-based supercapacitors have important application prospects in many fields and have also received extensive attention from researchers in recent years.At present,researchers have modified and regulated paper-based materials by different means such as structural design and material composition to enhance their electrochemical storage capacity.The development of paper-based supercapacitors provides an important direction for the development of green and sustainable energy.Therefore,it is of great significance to summarize the relevant work of paper-based supercapacitors for their rapid development and application.In this review,the recent research progress of paper-based supercapacitors based on cellulose was summarized in terms of various cellulose-based composites,preparation skills,and electrochemical performance.Finally,some opinions on the problems in the development of this field and the future development trend were proposed.It is hoped that this review can provide valuable references and ideas for the rapid development of paper-based energy storage devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072105,21676067)the Key R&D Program of Anhui Province(202104a05020044)+2 种基金the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2108085J23)Science and Technology Major Project of Anhui Province(202003a05020014)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PA2021KCPY0028,JZ2020YYPY0109).
文摘In traditional in situ polymerization preparation for solid-state electrolytes,initiators are directly added to the liquid precursor.In this article,a novel cellulose paper-based composite separator is fabricated,which employs alumina as the inorganic reinforcing material and is loaded with polymerization initiator aluminum trifluoromethanesulfonate.Based upon this,a separator-induced in situ directional polymerization technique is demonstrated,and the extra addition of initiators into liquid precursors is no longer required.The polymerization starts from the surface and interior of the separator and extends outward with the gradually dissolving of initiators into the precursor.Compared with its traditional counterpart,the separator-induced poly(1,3-dioxolane)electrolyte shows improved interfacial contact as well as appropriately mitigated polymerization rate,which are conducive to practical applications.Electrochemical measurement results show that the prepared poly(1,3-dioxolane)solid electrolyte possesses an oxidation potential up to 4.4 V and a high Li+transference number of 0.72.After 1000 cycles at 2 C rate(340 mA g^(−1)),the assembled Li||LiFePO_(4)solid battery possesses a 106.8 mAh g^(−1)discharge capacity retention and 83.5%capacity retention ratio,with high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.5%achieved.Our work may provide new ideas for the design and application of in situ polymerization technique for solid electrolytes and solid batteries.
基金the financial support to this research from the open fund of state key laboratory for modification of chemical fibers and polymer materials (LK1601)projects of education department of Shaanxi provincial government (15JF012)National Natural Science Foundation of China (51402180)
文摘In this study,the effect of hot calendering process on the microstructure and properties of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)(PPTA) paper-based materials was investigated.The microstructures of the fracture surface,crystalline structure,and single fiber strength of the PPTA paperbased materials as well as the different bonding behaviors between the PPTA fibers and PPTA fibrids obtained before and after the hot calendering process were examined.The results indicated that a high linear pressure would result in a limited improvement of the strength owing to the unimproved paper structure.The optimal values of tensile index and dielectric strength of 56.6 N·m/g and 27.6 kV/mm,respectively,could only be achieved with a synergistic effects of hot calendering temperature and linear pressure(240℃ and 110 k N/m,respectively).This result suggested it was possible to achieve a significant reinforcement and improvement in the interfacial bonding of functional PPTA paper-based materials,and avoid the formation of unexpected pleats and cracks in PPTA paper-based materials during the hot calendering process.
基金The authors would like to thank the support of the National S&T Major Project of China(Grant No.:2018ZX09201011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:81503242)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.:2018FZA7018).
文摘A novel paper-based analytical device(PAD)was prepared and applied to determine the xanthine oxidase(XOD)inhibitory activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts(SME).First,polycaprolactone was 3D printed on filter paper and heated to form hydrophobic barriers.Then the modified paper was cut according to the specific design.Necessary reagents including XOD for the colorimetric assay were immobilized on two separate pieces of paper.By simply adding phosphate buffer,the reaction was performed on the double-layer PAD.Quantitative results were obtained by analyzing the color intensity with the specialized device system(consisting of a smartphone,a detection box and sandwich plates).The 3Dprinted detection box was small,with a size of 9.0 cm×7.0 cm×11.5 cm.Color component G performed well in terms of linearity and detection limits and thus was identified as the index.The reaction conditions were optimized using a definitive screening design.Moreover,a 10%glycerol solution was found to be a suitable stabilizer.When the stabilizer was added,the activity of XOD could be maintained for at least 15 days under 4℃ or-20℃ storage conditions.The inhibitory activity of SME was investigated and compared to that of allopurinol.The results obtained with the PAD showed agreement with those obtained with the microplate method.In conclusion,the proposed PAD method is simple,accurate and has a potential for point-of-care testing.It also holds promise for use in rapid quality testing of medicinal herbs,intermediate products,and preparations of traditional Chinese medicines.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)under Grant Nos.NRF-2017M3A9F1031229,NRF2017R1E1A1A01075439,and NRF-2019R1C1C1005668The Korea Environment Industry&Technology Institute(KEITI)through its Ecological Imitation-based Environmental Pollution Management Technology Development Project+1 种基金funded by the Korea Ministry of Environment(MOE)(2019002800009)And Korea University(Grant No.K2111511)。
文摘Nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))is a representative toxicant in air pollution that mostly arises from the exhaust gas released by automobiles.It is related to various respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and sudden infant death syndrome.Additionally,because the toxicity of nitrogen dioxide is high in overpopulated areas(i.e.,a capital or metropolis),the development of simple,practical,and facile sensors is highly needed.This work presents a flexible and disposable paper-based NO_(2)sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide/chitosan(r GO/CS)composite.The synthesized r GO/CS composite can be easily flexed and deformed into various shapes,which are attributed to chitosan molecules that function as a dispersion and reduction agent and support material.In addition,this composite can be attached to paper owing to its adhesive property;hence it can be utilized in versatile applications in a disposable manner.By analyzing the conductive change of the r GO/CS composite when it reacts with NO_(2),we can detect nitrogen dioxide in a concentration range of 0–100 ppm with a detection limit of 1 ppm.Moreover,we performed NO_(2)detection in the exhaust gas released by automobiles using the r GO/CS composite for practical application.The results indicated that the r GO/CS composite has the potential to be used in feasible gas sensing as a facile and disposable sensor under various conditions.
文摘Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have been fabricated in various ways to improve flexibility. Flexibility could be enhanced via active materials, separators, electrodes, and electrolytes, which could then be integrated to form flexible electronic devices with promising electrochemical properties compared to traditional non-flexible Li-ion batteries. Recent progress towards flexible Li-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ion batteries fabrication, materials, and their electrochemical properties are investigated in this review. Additionally, recent developments in electronic devices utilizing flexible batteries and their future applications are explored. Portable and wearable electronics, as the primary beneficiaries of the flexible, rechargeable, and high-performance Li-ion batteries, are examined. In the end, various applications and challenges of flexible batteries in healthcare and various energy storage systems, considering practical implementation, are argued.
基金financial support from the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2014CB648300,2017YFB0404501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21422402,21674050)+7 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20140060,BK20140865,BM2012010)Program for Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professors(No.RK030STP15001)the NUPT“1311 Project”and Scientific Foundation(Nos.NY213119,NY213169)the Leading Talent of Technological Innovation of National Ten-Thousands Talents Program of Chinathe Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovative Teams of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.TJ217038)the Synergetic Innovation Center for Organic Electronics and Information Displaysthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 333 Project of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BRA2017402,BRA2015374)
文摘Flexible micro-scale energy storage devices as the key component to power the flexible miniaturized electronic devices are attracting extensive attention. In this study, interdigitated asymmetric all-solidstate flexible micro-supercapacitors（MSCs） were fabricated by a simple pencil drawing process followed by electrodepositing MnO_2 on one of the as-drawn graphite electrode as anode and the other as cathode.The as-prepared electrodes showed high areal specific capacitance of 220 μF/cm^2 at 2.5 μA/cm^2. The energy density and the corresponding power density of the resultant asymmetrical flexible MSCs were up to 110 μWh/cm^2 and 1.2 μW/cm^2, respectively. Furthermore, excellent cycling performance（91% retention of capacity after 1000 cycles） was achieved. The resultant devices also exhibited good electrochemical stability under bending conditions, demonstrating superior flexibility. This study provides a simple yet efficient methodology for designing and fabricating flexible supercapacitors applicable for portable and wearable electronics.
文摘In this paper the situation of Chinese welding consumables production output, exported amount, quality and varieties in the last decade was reviewed. Meanwhile, the imported production facilities for covered electrodes, CO2 welding wires and flux cored wires were introduced. Also, the currently existing problems in welding consumables profession were discussed, and development trend in the future was predicted.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21804141)“Double First-Class University” Project (Nos. CPU2018GY07 and CPU2018GY21)
文摘The development of a single analytical platform with different functions is highly desirable but remains a challenge at present.Here,a paper-based device based on fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)functionalized paper/MnO_(2)nanosheets(MnO_(2)NS)hybrid devices(PCD/NS)was proposed for single-device multi-function applications.MnO_(2)NS functioned as a fluorescence quencher of CDs and recognizer of H_(2)O_(2)released from the oxidase catalyzed system.Fluorescence recovery would occur after the decomposition of MnO_(2)NS induced by H_(2)O_(2),by which a simple and effective strategy could be developed for fluorescence monitoring multiplex biological events.Xanthine(XA)sensing,xanthine oxidase(XOD)inhibitors screening analysis and chiral recognition of glucose enantiomers were performed on PCD/NS to investigate the multifunctional application of the paper-based device.By means of PCD/NS,XA could be determined in the range of 0.1–40μmol/L with a low detection of limit of 0.06μmol/L.The IC_(50)value of allopurinol,the model inhibitor of XOD,was sensitively detected to be 7.4μmol/L.Glucose enantiomers were also recognized in terms of the specific fluorescence response to d-glucose.This work firstly presented a paper-based device capable of biomarkers detection,inhibitors screening and chiral recognition,which enlightened a promising strategy for the construction of multifunctional devices and hold the great potential application in clinical diagnosis and drug discovery.
文摘Objective:To study the secondary warehouse management system and operation mode of medical low value consumables under SPD mode.Methods:From August 2018 to August 2019,the management mode of the secondary warehouse management system of medical low value consumables was selected.According to the management method,it can be divided into the observation group and the control group.The relevant data of the observation group was based on SPD mode,and the data of the control group was based on the traditional mode.According to the improvement of the two groups of data management effect,data integration and analysis are carried out to judge the effectiveness of the SPD mode of medical low value consumables secondary warehouse management system and its working mode.Results:During the analysis of the two groups of data,the relevant data were analyzed.The data validity of the observation group was higher(94.0%),and the differences of the limitations and problems in the management process had more advantages,while the relevant data corresponding to the two groups of data had significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:According to the current research results,Based on the collection,storage and central management of data electronic medical record information,the secondary warehouse management system of medical low value consumables under SPD mode is connected with clinical information system and management information system,which realizes the unification,resource integration and efficient operation of different business systems in the hospital,so as to help improve the quality and efficiency of medical care,prevent and reduce medical errors,Control and reduce medical expenses.
