This paper deals with the calculation of a vector of reliable weights of decision alternatives on the basis of interval pairwise comparison judgments of experts. These weights are used to construct the ranking of deci...This paper deals with the calculation of a vector of reliable weights of decision alternatives on the basis of interval pairwise comparison judgments of experts. These weights are used to construct the ranking of decision alternatives and to solve selection problems, problems of ratings construction, resources allocation problems, scenarios evaluation problems, and other decision making problems. A comparative analysis of several popular models, which calculate interval weights on the basis of interval pairwise comparison matrices (IPCMs), was performed. The features of these models when they are applied to IPCMs with different inconsistency levels were identified. An algorithm is proposed which contains the stages for analyzing and increasing the IPCM inconsistency, calculating normalized interval weights, and calculating the ranking of decision alternatives on the basis of the resulting interval weights. It was found that the property of weak order preservation usually allowed identifying order-related intransitive expert pairwise comparison judgments. The correction of these elements leads to the removal of contradictions in resulting weights and increases the accuracy and reliability of results.展开更多
In a one-way analysis-of-variance(ANOVA) model,the number of pairwise comparisons can become large even with a moderate number of groups.Motivated by this,we consider a regime with a growing number of groups and prove...In a one-way analysis-of-variance(ANOVA) model,the number of pairwise comparisons can become large even with a moderate number of groups.Motivated by this,we consider a regime with a growing number of groups and prove that,when testing pairwise comparisons,the Benjamini-Hochberg(BH) procedure can asymptotically control false discoveries,despite the fact that the involved t-statistics do not exhibit the wellknown positive dependence structure required for exact false discovery rate(FDR) control.Following Tukey's perspective that the difference between the means of any two groups cannot be exactly zero,our main result provides control over the directional false discovery rate and directional false discovery proportion.A key technical contribution of our work is demonstrating that the dependence among the t-statistics is sufficiently weak to establish the convergence result typically required for asymptotic FDR control.Our analysis does not rely on conventional assumptions such as normality,variance homogeneity,or a balanced design,thereby offering a theoretical foundation for applications in more general settings.展开更多
This study is undertaken to apply a bootstrap method of controlling the false discovery rate （FDR） when performing pairwise comparisons of normal means. Due to the dependency of test statistics in pairwise compariso...This study is undertaken to apply a bootstrap method of controlling the false discovery rate （FDR） when performing pairwise comparisons of normal means. Due to the dependency of test statistics in pairwise comparisons, many conventional multiple testing procedures can＇t be employed directly. Some modified pro- cedures that control FDR with dependent test statistics are too conservative. In the paper, by bootstrap and goodness-of-fit methods, we produce independent p-values for pairwise comparisons. Based on these indepen- dent p-values, plenty of procedures can be used, and two typical FDR controlling procedures are applied here. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed approach. Extensive simulations show the satisfactory FDR control and power performance of our approach. In addition, the proposed approach can be easily extended to more than two normal, or non-normal, balance or unbalance cases.展开更多
Relative preferences of 90 images of forest stands, photos and virtual reality images were investigated by the intemet to develop a quantitative model for estimating scenic beauty preferences at the stand level, The r...Relative preferences of 90 images of forest stands, photos and virtual reality images were investigated by the intemet to develop a quantitative model for estimating scenic beauty preferences at the stand level, The relative priority values obtained from the questionnaire of a total of 259 judges were analyzed using regression methods for pairwise comparisons. Two models were developed based on two different groups of stands. Both models indicate that the priority of a forest stand increases with an augment in the number of bushes and trees, and also with the mean diameter of trees. On the other hand, the priority is low with large number of pines and small trees. Stands represented by photos receive better priority values than those represented by virtual reality images. When the background of the judges （gender, country or occupation） was included into the model as additional predictors, no significant improvements are achieved.展开更多
Case-based reasoning(CBR) is one of the best methods for generating an effective solution in an emergency. In recent years, some methods for generating emergency alternatives have been included in practical CBR applic...Case-based reasoning(CBR) is one of the best methods for generating an effective solution in an emergency. In recent years, some methods for generating emergency alternatives have been included in practical CBR applications, but there have been no in-depth studies of these processes. In this study,we propose a new method for dynamic case retrieval with subjective preferences and objective information, which considers the personal preferences of the decision makers and changes in the attributes of the emergency as the situation develops. First,we present a formula for calculating the case similarity and changing trends in the case considered, where similar cases are obtained. Next, we describe a method for measuring the overall assessment value with respect to similar historical cases, which is obtained by aggregating the case similarity, the utility case similarity, the first response time, and the implementation effect.The subjective preferences and objective information are also integrated in the decision-making process. Finally, we present a case study based on the emergency response to a fire in a highrise building, which illustrates the applicability and feasibility of the proposed method.展开更多
Manufacturing industries are facing challenges in the implementation of agile manufacturing in their products and processes. Agility is widely accepted as a new competitive concept in the manufacturing sector in fulfi...Manufacturing industries are facing challenges in the implementation of agile manufacturing in their products and processes. Agility is widely accepted as a new competitive concept in the manufacturing sector in fulfilling varying customer demand. Thus, evaluation of agile manufacturing in industries has become a necessity. The success of an organisation depends on its ability to manage finding the critical success factors and give them special and continued attention in order to bring about high performance. This paper proposes a set of critical success factors （CSFs） for evaluating agile manufacturing considered appropriate for the manufacturing sector. The analytical hierarchy process （AHP） method is applied for prioritizing the success factors, by summarizing the opinions of experts. It is believed that the proposed CSFs enable and assist manufacturing industries to achieve a higher performance in agile manufacturing so as to increase competitiveness.展开更多
Objective:To establish a scientific,objective and applicable index system for evaluating out- standing biomedical scientists for science foundation of Shanghai.Methods:According to the principal in- dices that have be...Objective:To establish a scientific,objective and applicable index system for evaluating out- standing biomedical scientists for science foundation of Shanghai.Methods:According to the principal in- dices that have been used in the developed countries for evaluating their talented personnel and the reality of our country,an index system was set up to evaluate the outstanding biomedical scientists for Shanghai science foundation.The following parameters were used to simplify the indices.,correlation coefficient, multiple correlation coefficient,partial correlation coefficient,creditability,and discriminatory power. And analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of each index.Results and Conclusions: The established index system is scientific and applicable;it is helpful for cultivating and evaluating out- standing biomedical scientists.展开更多
To identify interactions among evaluation criteria and describe their importance,a new identification method making use of a fuzzy measure is presented.The relative weight and interaction degree of every evaluation cr...To identify interactions among evaluation criteria and describe their importance,a new identification method making use of a fuzzy measure is presented.The relative weight and interaction degree of every evaluation criteria pair are obtained by using the diamond pairwise comparison method.Based on comparison results,the maximum eigenvector method of analytic hierarchy process （AHP）,the hierarchical clustering method,and the phi（s） transformation are utilized to generate values of the fuzzy measure for each subset of the evaluation criterion set.Overall evaluation on each supplier is aggregated by Choquet integral with respect to the fuzzy measure.Finally,an illustrative example demonstrates the practical feasibility and validity of the proposed method.展开更多
Cultivated land is the most important strategic resource to ensure food security.The newly constructed quality classification system of cultivated land resources considers the cultivated land health index for the firs...Cultivated land is the most important strategic resource to ensure food security.The newly constructed quality classification system of cultivated land resources considers the cultivated land health index for the first time.How the new classification and grading index system and the quality classification results of cultivated land resources to effectively guide the preparation of municipal land space planning has become a key research direction.This paper expounds the overall design idea for quality classification of cultivated land resources and classification index system.Taking Chongzuo City as an example,through the analysis of the quality classification results of cultivated land resources in the study area,using GIS spatial analysis and factor pairwise comparison method,this paper explores the application ideas and methods of quality classification research results of cultivated land resources in the formulation of cultivated land retention target,the delineation of dominant areas of cultivated land protection,the delineation of three control lines,the comprehensive improvement of land,and ecological restoration zoning in the municipal land space planning.展开更多
The rapid expansion of the number of viral genome sequences in public databases necessitates a scalable,universal,and automated preliminary taxonomic framework for comprehensive Virus studies.Here,we introduce Virus S...The rapid expansion of the number of viral genome sequences in public databases necessitates a scalable,universal,and automated preliminary taxonomic framework for comprehensive Virus studies.Here,we introduce Virus Sequence-based Taxonomy Assignment(VISTA),a computa-tional tool that employs a novel pairwise sequence comparison system and an automatic demarcation threshold identification framework for vi-rus taxonomy.Leveraging physio-chemical property sequences,k-mer profiles,and machine learning techniques,ViSTA constructs a robust distance-based framework for taxonomic assignment.Functionally similar to Pairwise Sequence Comparison(PAsC),a widely used virus as-signment tool based on pairwise sequence comparison,VisTA demonstrates superior performance by providing significantly improved separa-tion for taxonomic groups,more objective taxonomic demarcation thresholds,greatly enhanced speed,and a wider application scope.We suc-cessfully applied ViSTA to 38 virus families,as well as to the class Caudoviricetes.This demonstrates VISTA's scalability,robustness,and ability to automatically and accurately assign taxonomy to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses.Furthermore,the application of ViSTA to 679 unclas-sified prokaryotic virus genomes recovered from metagenomic data identified 46 novel virus families.VisTA is available as both a command line toolandauser-friendlywebportal athttps:/ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/vista.展开更多
Physical land suitability assessment is a prerequisite for enhancing yield production and enables the agricultural communities to use the right place for the right crops.Maize is one of stable one food crops of Ethiop...Physical land suitability assessment is a prerequisite for enhancing yield production and enables the agricultural communities to use the right place for the right crops.Maize is one of stable one food crops of Ethiopia and cultivated in three agroecological zones:highland,midland and lowlands.Despite these facts,maize yield is very low due to a lack of knowledge and information gaps on land suitability.Physical land suitability for maize cultivation is essential to minimize the problem of food security.The present study aims to identify the potential land suitability for maize production in the Didessa watershed,Western Ethiopia using Multi-Criteria Evaluation(MCE)and geospatial technologies.Land use land cover(LULC)change,climate,topography,soil,and infrastructure facilities were considered for maize land suitability assessment.The MCE based pairwise comparison matrix was applied to estimate land suitability for maize crop cultivation.The results showed that,about 977.7 km^(2)(14.1%)is highly suitable,4794.9 km^(2)(69.1%)is moderately suitable while 1118.8 km^(2)(16.1%),and 51.5 km^(2)(0.7%)of the study area were categorized under marginally and not suitable for maize production,respectively.This research provides crucial information for decision making organs and the farming community to utilize potential areas for maize cultivation.展开更多
文摘This paper deals with the calculation of a vector of reliable weights of decision alternatives on the basis of interval pairwise comparison judgments of experts. These weights are used to construct the ranking of decision alternatives and to solve selection problems, problems of ratings construction, resources allocation problems, scenarios evaluation problems, and other decision making problems. A comparative analysis of several popular models, which calculate interval weights on the basis of interval pairwise comparison matrices (IPCMs), was performed. The features of these models when they are applied to IPCMs with different inconsistency levels were identified. An algorithm is proposed which contains the stages for analyzing and increasing the IPCM inconsistency, calculating normalized interval weights, and calculating the ranking of decision alternatives on the basis of the resulting interval weights. It was found that the property of weak order preservation usually allowed identifying order-related intransitive expert pairwise comparison judgments. The correction of these elements leads to the removal of contradictions in resulting weights and increases the accuracy and reliability of results.
基金Weidong Liu was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11825104)Qi-Man Shao was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12031005)Shenzhen Outstanding Talents Training Fund of China.
文摘In a one-way analysis-of-variance(ANOVA) model,the number of pairwise comparisons can become large even with a moderate number of groups.Motivated by this,we consider a regime with a growing number of groups and prove that,when testing pairwise comparisons,the Benjamini-Hochberg(BH) procedure can asymptotically control false discoveries,despite the fact that the involved t-statistics do not exhibit the wellknown positive dependence structure required for exact false discovery rate(FDR) control.Following Tukey's perspective that the difference between the means of any two groups cannot be exactly zero,our main result provides control over the directional false discovery rate and directional false discovery proportion.A key technical contribution of our work is demonstrating that the dependence among the t-statistics is sufficiently weak to establish the convergence result typically required for asymptotic FDR control.Our analysis does not rely on conventional assumptions such as normality,variance homogeneity,or a balanced design,thereby offering a theoretical foundation for applications in more general settings.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11471030,11471035,71201160)
文摘This study is undertaken to apply a bootstrap method of controlling the false discovery rate （FDR） when performing pairwise comparisons of normal means. Due to the dependency of test statistics in pairwise comparisons, many conventional multiple testing procedures can＇t be employed directly. Some modified pro- cedures that control FDR with dependent test statistics are too conservative. In the paper, by bootstrap and goodness-of-fit methods, we produce independent p-values for pairwise comparisons. Based on these indepen- dent p-values, plenty of procedures can be used, and two typical FDR controlling procedures are applied here. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed approach. Extensive simulations show the satisfactory FDR control and power performance of our approach. In addition, the proposed approach can be easily extended to more than two normal, or non-normal, balance or unbalance cases.
文摘Relative preferences of 90 images of forest stands, photos and virtual reality images were investigated by the intemet to develop a quantitative model for estimating scenic beauty preferences at the stand level, The relative priority values obtained from the questionnaire of a total of 259 judges were analyzed using regression methods for pairwise comparisons. Two models were developed based on two different groups of stands. Both models indicate that the priority of a forest stand increases with an augment in the number of bushes and trees, and also with the mean diameter of trees. On the other hand, the priority is low with large number of pines and small trees. Stands represented by photos receive better priority values than those represented by virtual reality images. When the background of the judges （gender, country or occupation） was included into the model as additional predictors, no significant improvements are achieved.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Outstanding Youth of China(70925004)Fujian Province Transportation Hall of Science and Technology Development Projects,China(201319)the Science and Technology Project in Fujian Province Department of Education,China(JB14122)
文摘Case-based reasoning(CBR) is one of the best methods for generating an effective solution in an emergency. In recent years, some methods for generating emergency alternatives have been included in practical CBR applications, but there have been no in-depth studies of these processes. In this study,we propose a new method for dynamic case retrieval with subjective preferences and objective information, which considers the personal preferences of the decision makers and changes in the attributes of the emergency as the situation develops. First,we present a formula for calculating the case similarity and changing trends in the case considered, where similar cases are obtained. Next, we describe a method for measuring the overall assessment value with respect to similar historical cases, which is obtained by aggregating the case similarity, the utility case similarity, the first response time, and the implementation effect.The subjective preferences and objective information are also integrated in the decision-making process. Finally, we present a case study based on the emergency response to a fire in a highrise building, which illustrates the applicability and feasibility of the proposed method.
基金Supported by Anna University,Chennai for the funding done under DST PURSE Ⅱ–Junior Research Fellowship 9500/PD2/2014,Dated24.03.2015
文摘Manufacturing industries are facing challenges in the implementation of agile manufacturing in their products and processes. Agility is widely accepted as a new competitive concept in the manufacturing sector in fulfilling varying customer demand. Thus, evaluation of agile manufacturing in industries has become a necessity. The success of an organisation depends on its ability to manage finding the critical success factors and give them special and continued attention in order to bring about high performance. This paper proposes a set of critical success factors （CSFs） for evaluating agile manufacturing considered appropriate for the manufacturing sector. The analytical hierarchy process （AHP） method is applied for prioritizing the success factors, by summarizing the opinions of experts. It is believed that the proposed CSFs enable and assist manufacturing industries to achieve a higher performance in agile manufacturing so as to increase competitiveness.
文摘Objective:To establish a scientific,objective and applicable index system for evaluating out- standing biomedical scientists for science foundation of Shanghai.Methods:According to the principal in- dices that have been used in the developed countries for evaluating their talented personnel and the reality of our country,an index system was set up to evaluate the outstanding biomedical scientists for Shanghai science foundation.The following parameters were used to simplify the indices.,correlation coefficient, multiple correlation coefficient,partial correlation coefficient,creditability,and discriminatory power. And analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of each index.Results and Conclusions: The established index system is scientific and applicable;it is helpful for cultivating and evaluating out- standing biomedical scientists.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(7047106370771010)
文摘To identify interactions among evaluation criteria and describe their importance,a new identification method making use of a fuzzy measure is presented.The relative weight and interaction degree of every evaluation criteria pair are obtained by using the diamond pairwise comparison method.Based on comparison results,the maximum eigenvector method of analytic hierarchy process （AHP）,the hierarchical clustering method,and the phi（s） transformation are utilized to generate values of the fuzzy measure for each subset of the evaluation criterion set.Overall evaluation on each supplier is aggregated by Choquet integral with respect to the fuzzy measure.Finally,an illustrative example demonstrates the practical feasibility and validity of the proposed method.
文摘Cultivated land is the most important strategic resource to ensure food security.The newly constructed quality classification system of cultivated land resources considers the cultivated land health index for the first time.How the new classification and grading index system and the quality classification results of cultivated land resources to effectively guide the preparation of municipal land space planning has become a key research direction.This paper expounds the overall design idea for quality classification of cultivated land resources and classification index system.Taking Chongzuo City as an example,through the analysis of the quality classification results of cultivated land resources in the study area,using GIS spatial analysis and factor pairwise comparison method,this paper explores the application ideas and methods of quality classification research results of cultivated land resources in the formulation of cultivated land retention target,the delineation of dominant areas of cultivated land protection,the delineation of three control lines,the comprehensive improvement of land,and ecological restoration zoning in the municipal land space planning.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32270019)the Professional Association of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(Grant No.ANSO-PA-2020-07)the Open Biodiversity and Health Big Data Programme of IUBS.
文摘The rapid expansion of the number of viral genome sequences in public databases necessitates a scalable,universal,and automated preliminary taxonomic framework for comprehensive Virus studies.Here,we introduce Virus Sequence-based Taxonomy Assignment(VISTA),a computa-tional tool that employs a novel pairwise sequence comparison system and an automatic demarcation threshold identification framework for vi-rus taxonomy.Leveraging physio-chemical property sequences,k-mer profiles,and machine learning techniques,ViSTA constructs a robust distance-based framework for taxonomic assignment.Functionally similar to Pairwise Sequence Comparison(PAsC),a widely used virus as-signment tool based on pairwise sequence comparison,VisTA demonstrates superior performance by providing significantly improved separa-tion for taxonomic groups,more objective taxonomic demarcation thresholds,greatly enhanced speed,and a wider application scope.We suc-cessfully applied ViSTA to 38 virus families,as well as to the class Caudoviricetes.This demonstrates VISTA's scalability,robustness,and ability to automatically and accurately assign taxonomy to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses.Furthermore,the application of ViSTA to 679 unclas-sified prokaryotic virus genomes recovered from metagenomic data identified 46 novel virus families.VisTA is available as both a command line toolandauser-friendlywebportal athttps:/ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/vista.
文摘Physical land suitability assessment is a prerequisite for enhancing yield production and enables the agricultural communities to use the right place for the right crops.Maize is one of stable one food crops of Ethiopia and cultivated in three agroecological zones:highland,midland and lowlands.Despite these facts,maize yield is very low due to a lack of knowledge and information gaps on land suitability.Physical land suitability for maize cultivation is essential to minimize the problem of food security.The present study aims to identify the potential land suitability for maize production in the Didessa watershed,Western Ethiopia using Multi-Criteria Evaluation(MCE)and geospatial technologies.Land use land cover(LULC)change,climate,topography,soil,and infrastructure facilities were considered for maize land suitability assessment.The MCE based pairwise comparison matrix was applied to estimate land suitability for maize crop cultivation.The results showed that,about 977.7 km^(2)(14.1%)is highly suitable,4794.9 km^(2)(69.1%)is moderately suitable while 1118.8 km^(2)(16.1%),and 51.5 km^(2)(0.7%)of the study area were categorized under marginally and not suitable for maize production,respectively.This research provides crucial information for decision making organs and the farming community to utilize potential areas for maize cultivation.
