Based on the nearest surface function formula, a quantitative formula to measure the overlapping degree between the interfacial transition zone （ITZ） of neighboring aggregate particles was put forward. The formula w...Based on the nearest surface function formula, a quantitative formula to measure the overlapping degree between the interfacial transition zone （ITZ） of neighboring aggregate particles was put forward. The formula was further deduced to quantitatively analyze the influence of the volume fraction of aggregate, ITZ thickness and the maximum aggregate diameter on the overlapping degree between neighboring ITZ. The volume of ITZ was quantitatively calculated in actual concrete by comparing the nearest surface function formula with an approximate method, that is the surface area of the aggregates multiplied by the uniform thickness of the ITZ layers. The results showed that the influencing order of these three factors on the overlapping degree between neighboring ITZ in turn was the interface thickness, aggregate volume fraction and the maximum aggregate diameter; As long as the interface thickness 50 μm and the aggregate volume fraction 50%, the calculated error between two methods mentioned above is about 10 %.展开更多
AIM:To observe the effect of the plus power ring zone(PPRZ)area and distribution on myopia progression.METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled 137 pre-teens aged 8-12 at Taiyuan Aier Eye Hospital between 2019 and 20...AIM:To observe the effect of the plus power ring zone(PPRZ)area and distribution on myopia progression.METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled 137 pre-teens aged 8-12 at Taiyuan Aier Eye Hospital between 2019 and 2021.They were fitted with Ortho-K lenses for the first time due to refractive error,with a one-year follow-up period.To indicate the peripheral plus ring zone overlapping with the pupil zone(PPROPZ)accompanying PPRZ,participants were divided based on the PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio.The experimental group had 103 eyes with a PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio of≥0.2,and the control group had 103 eyes with a ratio of<0.2.Participants had a spherical diopter in the range of-6.00 D to-0.75 D,against-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.00 D,with-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.50 D,and corneal curvatures of 39.00 D to 46.00 D.They had a stable best corrected visual acuity of 0.10 LogMAR(20/25)or better when wearing orthokeratology(Ortho-K)lenses.PPRZ and PPROPZ were measured using ImageJ;corneal topography assessed corneal-related parameters,and an optical biometer measured the axial length of the eyes pre and post-one years of lens wear.RESULTS:Changes in axial length elongation were found to decrease when either the PPRZ(P<0.01)or PPROPZ(P<0.001)was increased significantly.The axial length growth was faster in the control group(0.37±0.2 mm)than in the experimental group(0.21±0.11 mm).Furthermore,we found that a larger horizontal visible iris diameter(HVID)corresponded to slower axial growth of the eye.In contrast,axial length growth showed no correlation with surface regularity index(SRI),surface asymmetry index(SAI),flat keratometry value(K_(f)),steep keratometry value(K_(s)).CONCLUSION:For orthokeratology,wearers with larger PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio usually experiences a reduction in axial length growth.The PPRZ and PPROPZ are negatively correlated with the axial length.Our findings provide a recommendation and methods for studying the myopia control mechanism through Ortho-K lenses.展开更多
Structural transfer zones in a half-graben rift basin play a significant role in controlling sandy sediments and providing a target for hydrocarbon exploration. Previous studies have classified the transfer zone in la...Structural transfer zones in a half-graben rift basin play a significant role in controlling sandy sediments and providing a target for hydrocarbon exploration. Previous studies have classified the transfer zone in lacustrine environments into two different patterns: synthetic approaching transfer zones and synthetic overlapping transfer zones. However, the evolution of the depositional pattern and the controlling factors of the above transfer zones are still unclear. In the Fushan Sag, the northern South China Sea, an overlapping transfer zone developed in the early Eocene Epoch, while a synthetic approaching transfer zone developed in the late Eocene, due to tectonic uplift. This evolutionary process provided an opportunity to study the stacking pattern of strata architectural variability and facies distribution in the structural transfer zone of the Eocene lacustrine basin. In this study, following the indications of the oriented sedimentary structures in core samples and heavy mineral assemblages of 18 wells, the evolution of the paleo-hydrodynamic distribution during the early and late Eocene has been reconstructed. The sequence-stratigraphy was then divided and the sand body parameters calculated, according to the seismic data and well log interpretations. During the early Eocene, the lake level was at a low stand, the faults broken displacement in the East block being over 50 m. The prograding delta and turbidites are oriented perpendicular to the structural transfer zone. According to the quantitative analysis of the flow rate and the depositional parameters, we speculate that gravity transportation of the sediment and the sediment-supply are the dominating factors during this period. Up to the late Eocene, the rising lake level and the decreased fault displacement leads the flow to divert to a NE-direction, resulting in it being parallel to the axis of the transfer zone. Thus, we speculate that the accommodation space is predominant in this period. In comparison with the above two periods, a braided river delta with an isolated sand body and turbidites developing in the deep area is prominent in the overlapping transfer zone, while a meandering river delta is characteristic of the synthetic approaching transfer zone.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2009CB623203)National High-tech R&D Program of China (No.2008AA030794)Postgraduates Research Innovation in University of Jiangsu Province in China (No.CX10B-064Z)
文摘Based on the nearest surface function formula, a quantitative formula to measure the overlapping degree between the interfacial transition zone （ITZ） of neighboring aggregate particles was put forward. The formula was further deduced to quantitatively analyze the influence of the volume fraction of aggregate, ITZ thickness and the maximum aggregate diameter on the overlapping degree between neighboring ITZ. The volume of ITZ was quantitatively calculated in actual concrete by comparing the nearest surface function formula with an approximate method, that is the surface area of the aggregates multiplied by the uniform thickness of the ITZ layers. The results showed that the influencing order of these three factors on the overlapping degree between neighboring ITZ in turn was the interface thickness, aggregate volume fraction and the maximum aggregate diameter; As long as the interface thickness 50 μm and the aggregate volume fraction 50%, the calculated error between two methods mentioned above is about 10 %.
文摘AIM:To observe the effect of the plus power ring zone(PPRZ)area and distribution on myopia progression.METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled 137 pre-teens aged 8-12 at Taiyuan Aier Eye Hospital between 2019 and 2021.They were fitted with Ortho-K lenses for the first time due to refractive error,with a one-year follow-up period.To indicate the peripheral plus ring zone overlapping with the pupil zone(PPROPZ)accompanying PPRZ,participants were divided based on the PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio.The experimental group had 103 eyes with a PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio of≥0.2,and the control group had 103 eyes with a ratio of<0.2.Participants had a spherical diopter in the range of-6.00 D to-0.75 D,against-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.00 D,with-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.50 D,and corneal curvatures of 39.00 D to 46.00 D.They had a stable best corrected visual acuity of 0.10 LogMAR(20/25)or better when wearing orthokeratology(Ortho-K)lenses.PPRZ and PPROPZ were measured using ImageJ;corneal topography assessed corneal-related parameters,and an optical biometer measured the axial length of the eyes pre and post-one years of lens wear.RESULTS:Changes in axial length elongation were found to decrease when either the PPRZ(P<0.01)or PPROPZ(P<0.001)was increased significantly.The axial length growth was faster in the control group(0.37±0.2 mm)than in the experimental group(0.21±0.11 mm).Furthermore,we found that a larger horizontal visible iris diameter(HVID)corresponded to slower axial growth of the eye.In contrast,axial length growth showed no correlation with surface regularity index(SRI),surface asymmetry index(SAI),flat keratometry value(K_(f)),steep keratometry value(K_(s)).CONCLUSION:For orthokeratology,wearers with larger PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio usually experiences a reduction in axial length growth.The PPRZ and PPROPZ are negatively correlated with the axial length.Our findings provide a recommendation and methods for studying the myopia control mechanism through Ortho-K lenses.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41572080)the Major State Science and Technology Research Program(No.2016ZX05024002-002)China Scholarship Council(CSC)(No.201906400071)。
文摘Structural transfer zones in a half-graben rift basin play a significant role in controlling sandy sediments and providing a target for hydrocarbon exploration. Previous studies have classified the transfer zone in lacustrine environments into two different patterns: synthetic approaching transfer zones and synthetic overlapping transfer zones. However, the evolution of the depositional pattern and the controlling factors of the above transfer zones are still unclear. In the Fushan Sag, the northern South China Sea, an overlapping transfer zone developed in the early Eocene Epoch, while a synthetic approaching transfer zone developed in the late Eocene, due to tectonic uplift. This evolutionary process provided an opportunity to study the stacking pattern of strata architectural variability and facies distribution in the structural transfer zone of the Eocene lacustrine basin. In this study, following the indications of the oriented sedimentary structures in core samples and heavy mineral assemblages of 18 wells, the evolution of the paleo-hydrodynamic distribution during the early and late Eocene has been reconstructed. The sequence-stratigraphy was then divided and the sand body parameters calculated, according to the seismic data and well log interpretations. During the early Eocene, the lake level was at a low stand, the faults broken displacement in the East block being over 50 m. The prograding delta and turbidites are oriented perpendicular to the structural transfer zone. According to the quantitative analysis of the flow rate and the depositional parameters, we speculate that gravity transportation of the sediment and the sediment-supply are the dominating factors during this period. Up to the late Eocene, the rising lake level and the decreased fault displacement leads the flow to divert to a NE-direction, resulting in it being parallel to the axis of the transfer zone. Thus, we speculate that the accommodation space is predominant in this period. In comparison with the above two periods, a braided river delta with an isolated sand body and turbidites developing in the deep area is prominent in the overlapping transfer zone, while a meandering river delta is characteristic of the synthetic approaching transfer zone.
