Complex product development will inevitably face the design planning of the multi-coupled activities, and overlapping these activities could potentially reduce product development time, but there is a risk of the addi...Complex product development will inevitably face the design planning of the multi-coupled activities, and overlapping these activities could potentially reduce product development time, but there is a risk of the additional cost. Although the downstream task information dependence to the upstream task is already considered in the current researches, but the design process overall iteration caused by the information interdependence between activities is hardly discussed; especially the impact on the design process＇ overall iteration from the valid information accumulation process. Secondly, most studies only focus on the single overlapping process of two activities, rarely take multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping process of multi coupled activities into account; especially the inherent link between product development time and cost which originates from the overlapping process of multi coupled activities. For the purpose of solving the above problems, as to the insufficiency of the accumulated valid information in overlapping process, the function of the valid information evolution （VIE） degree is constructed. Stochastic process theory is used to describe the design information exchange and the valid information accumulation in the overlapping segment, and then the planning models of the single overlapping segment are built. On these bases, by analyzing overlapping processes and overlapping features of multi-coupling activities, multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping planning models are built; by sorting overlapping processes and analyzing the construction of these planning models, two conclusions are obtained： （1） As to multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping of multi coupled activities, the total decrement of the task set development time is the sum of the time decrement caused by basic overlapping segments, and minus the sum of the time increment caused by multiple overlapping segments; （2） the total increment of development cost is the sum of the cost increment caused by all overlapping process. And then, based on overlapping degree analysis of these planning models, by the V1E degree function, the four lemmas theory proofs are represented, and two propositions are finally proved： （1） The multi-ply overlapping of the multi coupled activities will weaken the basic overlapping effect on the development cycle time reduction （2） Overlapping the multi coupled activities will decrease product development cycle, but increase product development cost. And there is trade-off between development time and cost. And so, two methods are given to slacken and eliminate multi-ply overlapping effects. At last, an example about a vehicle upper subsystem design illustrates the application of the proposed models; compared with a sequential execution pattern, the decreasing of development cycle （22%） and the increasing of development cost （3%） show the validity of the method in the example The proposed research not only lays a theoretical foundation for correctly planning complex product development process, but also provides specific and effective operation methods for overlapping multi coupled activities.展开更多
Chromosome segmentation is the most important step in the automatic chromosome analysis system. Since in almost every metaphase image partial touching and overlapping of chromosomes are a common phenomenon, how to sep...Chromosome segmentation is the most important step in the automatic chromosome analysis system. Since in almost every metaphase image partial touching and overlapping of chromosomes are a common phenomenon, how to separate these chromosomes correctly is a difficult yet vital problem. A number of attempts have been made to deal with this problem. This paper is focused on these attempts. Some algorithms are investigated. The principle and the realization of these algorithms are analyzed. Results of these algorithms are compared and discussed.展开更多
针对分选线上樱桃叠果和表面瑕疵难以准确实时分割的问题,该研究提出了一种基于改进YOLOv8n-seg的多分支实时分割模型,命名SemIns-YOLOv8。该模型在YOLOv8n-seg的PAN-FPN(path aggregation network for feature pyramid network)模块后...针对分选线上樱桃叠果和表面瑕疵难以准确实时分割的问题,该研究提出了一种基于改进YOLOv8n-seg的多分支实时分割模型,命名SemIns-YOLOv8。该模型在YOLOv8n-seg的PAN-FPN(path aggregation network for feature pyramid network)模块后引入基于上下文集成的语义分割模块,并采用交叉熵损失与Dice Loss联合的损失函数,替代原始实例分割模块对果梗和瑕疵进行识别,既提升了尺寸较小及特征不明显瑕疵的识别精度,又缩短了图像的识别时间。同时,通过提高特征图分辨率并引入豪斯多夫距离损失(Hausdorff distance loss,HD Loss)构建边界特征增强的实例分割模块,实现了樱桃重叠果体的精准分离。试验结果表明,SemIns-YOLOv8在樱桃分割任务中果体mAP50-95(mean average precision at intersection over union thresholds from 0.50 to 0.95)、果梗IoU和瑕疵mIoU(mean intersection over union)分别为98.20%、92.15%和65.97%,与YOLOv8n-seg相比,提升了2.10、2.33和14.35个百分点,并且在模型输入尺寸为1024×384像素时,单帧推理时间为23 ms,可为线上水果外观品质实时分选提供参考。展开更多
基金sponsored by Jiangsu Provincial Colleges and Universities Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.08KJD410001)Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 12YJAZH151)Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 12YJCZH209)
文摘Complex product development will inevitably face the design planning of the multi-coupled activities, and overlapping these activities could potentially reduce product development time, but there is a risk of the additional cost. Although the downstream task information dependence to the upstream task is already considered in the current researches, but the design process overall iteration caused by the information interdependence between activities is hardly discussed; especially the impact on the design process＇ overall iteration from the valid information accumulation process. Secondly, most studies only focus on the single overlapping process of two activities, rarely take multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping process of multi coupled activities into account; especially the inherent link between product development time and cost which originates from the overlapping process of multi coupled activities. For the purpose of solving the above problems, as to the insufficiency of the accumulated valid information in overlapping process, the function of the valid information evolution （VIE） degree is constructed. Stochastic process theory is used to describe the design information exchange and the valid information accumulation in the overlapping segment, and then the planning models of the single overlapping segment are built. On these bases, by analyzing overlapping processes and overlapping features of multi-coupling activities, multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping planning models are built; by sorting overlapping processes and analyzing the construction of these planning models, two conclusions are obtained： （1） As to multi-segment and multi-ply overlapping of multi coupled activities, the total decrement of the task set development time is the sum of the time decrement caused by basic overlapping segments, and minus the sum of the time increment caused by multiple overlapping segments; （2） the total increment of development cost is the sum of the cost increment caused by all overlapping process. And then, based on overlapping degree analysis of these planning models, by the V1E degree function, the four lemmas theory proofs are represented, and two propositions are finally proved： （1） The multi-ply overlapping of the multi coupled activities will weaken the basic overlapping effect on the development cycle time reduction （2） Overlapping the multi coupled activities will decrease product development cycle, but increase product development cost. And there is trade-off between development time and cost. And so, two methods are given to slacken and eliminate multi-ply overlapping effects. At last, an example about a vehicle upper subsystem design illustrates the application of the proposed models; compared with a sequential execution pattern, the decreasing of development cycle （22%） and the increasing of development cost （3%） show the validity of the method in the example The proposed research not only lays a theoretical foundation for correctly planning complex product development process, but also provides specific and effective operation methods for overlapping multi coupled activities.
文摘Chromosome segmentation is the most important step in the automatic chromosome analysis system. Since in almost every metaphase image partial touching and overlapping of chromosomes are a common phenomenon, how to separate these chromosomes correctly is a difficult yet vital problem. A number of attempts have been made to deal with this problem. This paper is focused on these attempts. Some algorithms are investigated. The principle and the realization of these algorithms are analyzed. Results of these algorithms are compared and discussed.
文摘针对分选线上樱桃叠果和表面瑕疵难以准确实时分割的问题,该研究提出了一种基于改进YOLOv8n-seg的多分支实时分割模型,命名SemIns-YOLOv8。该模型在YOLOv8n-seg的PAN-FPN(path aggregation network for feature pyramid network)模块后引入基于上下文集成的语义分割模块,并采用交叉熵损失与Dice Loss联合的损失函数,替代原始实例分割模块对果梗和瑕疵进行识别,既提升了尺寸较小及特征不明显瑕疵的识别精度,又缩短了图像的识别时间。同时,通过提高特征图分辨率并引入豪斯多夫距离损失(Hausdorff distance loss,HD Loss)构建边界特征增强的实例分割模块,实现了樱桃重叠果体的精准分离。试验结果表明,SemIns-YOLOv8在樱桃分割任务中果体mAP50-95(mean average precision at intersection over union thresholds from 0.50 to 0.95)、果梗IoU和瑕疵mIoU(mean intersection over union)分别为98.20%、92.15%和65.97%,与YOLOv8n-seg相比,提升了2.10、2.33和14.35个百分点,并且在模型输入尺寸为1024×384像素时,单帧推理时间为23 ms,可为线上水果外观品质实时分选提供参考。
基金国家自然科学基金(the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60374047)浙江省自然科学基金(the NaturalScience Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China under Grant No.ZD0205)
