Chemical-treated soil or physical barriers have been the most commonly used approach for termite management. We hypothesized that a barrier of soil incorporated with oven-dried Lantana camara L. tissues could prevent ...Chemical-treated soil or physical barriers have been the most commonly used approach for termite management. We hypothesized that a barrier of soil incorporated with oven-dried Lantana camara L. tissues could prevent termite infestation. We first examined the antitermitic effects of the dried tissues from two cultivars （＇Mozelle＇ and ＇New Gold＇） on the subterranean termite, Reticulitermes virginicus （Banks） （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）. Results show that all of the tissues of Mozelle had greater antitermic activity than corresponding tissues of New Gold, and leaves had greater termiticidal effects than flowers and stems. When termites were exposed to the test materials in a no-choice bioassay, the 24-day test resulted in a significant reduction of survival （52.5%-88.6%）, running speed （18.2%-37.3%）, live weight （21.8%-53.5%） and body water content （33.2%-56.2%） compared to the control. The consumption of leaves and flowers was exiguous. When used as 25% tissue mulch-barrier, the oven-dried lantana tissues decreased termite tunneling and wood consumption and increased termite mortality. The decreased survival, vigor, and low consumption indicate a toxic and anti-feeding property of the materials tested. The results therefore support our hypothesis that the dried lantana tissues possess antitermitic activities.展开更多
Bignay pomace is a processing byproduct that can be a source of bioactive compounds. However, a suitable dehydrationmethod should be considered to efficiently valorize this waste material into high-value food ingredie...Bignay pomace is a processing byproduct that can be a source of bioactive compounds. However, a suitable dehydrationmethod should be considered to efficiently valorize this waste material into high-value food ingredient andmaximize its health-promoting properties. Bignay pomace was subjected to convection oven-drying and freeze-dryingto investigate the effect of these pre-processing techniques on the physicochemical, bioactives, and antioxidantproperties of the samples. Both drying methods significantly (p<0.05) changed the total phenolic and anthocyanincontents of bignay pomace while flavonoids and tannins were not significantly affected. Freeze-drying of samplesresulted in higher phenolic content (1742 vs. 1273 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g DW) and anthocyanin content(496 vs. 223 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/100 g DW) than convection oven-drying. Freeze-drying also resultedin higher antioxidant properties based on DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP assays. Bignay pomaceextract was analyzed through HPLC (with photo-diode array detector) for its phenolic profile and nine compoundswere identified, with catechin and epicatechin as the dominant components. HPLC analysis also showed that whilethe drying process does not influence the phenolic profile of the samples, it significantly affected the concentrationof phenolic compounds present. The results of this study showed that freeze-drying is a more viable method to retainthe majority of bignay pomace’s functional properties compared to convection oven-drying.展开更多
文摘Chemical-treated soil or physical barriers have been the most commonly used approach for termite management. We hypothesized that a barrier of soil incorporated with oven-dried Lantana camara L. tissues could prevent termite infestation. We first examined the antitermitic effects of the dried tissues from two cultivars （＇Mozelle＇ and ＇New Gold＇） on the subterranean termite, Reticulitermes virginicus （Banks） （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）. Results show that all of the tissues of Mozelle had greater antitermic activity than corresponding tissues of New Gold, and leaves had greater termiticidal effects than flowers and stems. When termites were exposed to the test materials in a no-choice bioassay, the 24-day test resulted in a significant reduction of survival （52.5%-88.6%）, running speed （18.2%-37.3%）, live weight （21.8%-53.5%） and body water content （33.2%-56.2%） compared to the control. The consumption of leaves and flowers was exiguous. When used as 25% tissue mulch-barrier, the oven-dried lantana tissues decreased termite tunneling and wood consumption and increased termite mortality. The decreased survival, vigor, and low consumption indicate a toxic and anti-feeding property of the materials tested. The results therefore support our hypothesis that the dried lantana tissues possess antitermitic activities.
基金funded by the UP System Enhanced Creative Work and Research Grant(ECWRG-2020-2-22R).
文摘Bignay pomace is a processing byproduct that can be a source of bioactive compounds. However, a suitable dehydrationmethod should be considered to efficiently valorize this waste material into high-value food ingredient andmaximize its health-promoting properties. Bignay pomace was subjected to convection oven-drying and freeze-dryingto investigate the effect of these pre-processing techniques on the physicochemical, bioactives, and antioxidantproperties of the samples. Both drying methods significantly (p<0.05) changed the total phenolic and anthocyanincontents of bignay pomace while flavonoids and tannins were not significantly affected. Freeze-drying of samplesresulted in higher phenolic content (1742 vs. 1273 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g DW) and anthocyanin content(496 vs. 223 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/100 g DW) than convection oven-drying. Freeze-drying also resultedin higher antioxidant properties based on DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP assays. Bignay pomaceextract was analyzed through HPLC (with photo-diode array detector) for its phenolic profile and nine compoundswere identified, with catechin and epicatechin as the dominant components. HPLC analysis also showed that whilethe drying process does not influence the phenolic profile of the samples, it significantly affected the concentrationof phenolic compounds present. The results of this study showed that freeze-drying is a more viable method to retainthe majority of bignay pomace’s functional properties compared to convection oven-drying.
