WE observe that the response speed of a linear timeinvariant system to a step reference input depends not only on the system parameters but also on the magnitude of the step input.Based on this observation,we demonstr...WE observe that the response speed of a linear timeinvariant system to a step reference input depends not only on the system parameters but also on the magnitude of the step input.Based on this observation,we demonstrate a method to schedule the magnitude of the reference input to achieve a faster response.展开更多
This study integrates explicit input enhancement into comparative continuation writing,defined as a task in which learners produce a continuation by comparing their own expression with an input text,aligning with its ...This study integrates explicit input enhancement into comparative continuation writing,defined as a task in which learners produce a continuation by comparing their own expression with an input text,aligning with its discourse structure and linguistic features,while developing their own ideas.It aims to examine whether English as a Foreign Language(EFL)learners in China exhibit differences in discourse competence and writing performance when completing comparative continuation writing combined with different input enhancement techniques,and whether the alignment effect occurs at the discourse level.Sixty first-year Chinese senior middle school students were divided into four groups:three groups engaged in comparative continuation writing with varying input enhancement,achieved by combining different techniques,while a control group performed a designated-topic writing task.The results revealed that three comparative continuation writing groups outperformed the designated-topic writing group in discourse competence,particularly in the use of temporal connectives.However,differences and some inconsistencies were observed among the comparative continuation writing groups across individual indices.The study highlights effective ways to incorporate comparative continuation writing into English instruction and demonstrates how explicit input enhancement can complement the task,simultaneously activating the alignment effect proposed by the xu-argument and enhancing discourse competence in writing.展开更多
Multilayer complex dynamical networks,characterized by the intricate topological connections and diverse hierarchical structures,present significant challenges in determining complete structural configurations due to ...Multilayer complex dynamical networks,characterized by the intricate topological connections and diverse hierarchical structures,present significant challenges in determining complete structural configurations due to the unique functional attributes and interaction patterns inherent to different layers.This paper addresses the critical question of whether structural information from a known layer can be used to reconstruct the unknown intralayer structure of a target layer within general weighted output-coupling multilayer networks.Building upon the generalized synchronization principle,we propose an innovative reconstruction method that incorporates two essential components in the design of structure observers,the cross-layer coupling modulator and the structural divergence term.A key advantage of the proposed reconstruction method lies in its flexibility to freely designate both the unknown target layer and the known reference layer from the general weighted output-coupling multilayer network.The reduced dependency on full-state observability enables more deployment in engineering applications with partial measurements.Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed structure reconstruction method.展开更多
In this paper,we study the issue of controlling a rotating flexible body-beam system(RFBBS)which consists of a tip mass attached to the free-end and a rigid disk attached to the clamped-end of an Euler-Bernoulli beam....In this paper,we study the issue of controlling a rotating flexible body-beam system(RFBBS)which consists of a tip mass attached to the free-end and a rigid disk attached to the clamped-end of an Euler-Bernoulli beam.The boundary control input is affected by both unknown disturbance and nonlinear input backlash.First,the input backlash is considered as desired control input combined with a nonlinear input error,converting it to an external disturbance,and then,the control signal is designed through the energy-based control method.Next,the closed-loop system’s stability is analysed through Lyapunov direct method.Finally,the efficacy of the proposed control scheme is tested through numerical simulations utilizing the finite difference method.展开更多
This paper proposes a robust control-oriented identification method for errors-in-variables(EIV)systems in output feedbacks using frequency-response(FR)experimental data.An important relation between such a closed-loo...This paper proposes a robust control-oriented identification method for errors-in-variables(EIV)systems in output feedbacks using frequency-response(FR)experimental data.An important relation between such a closed-loop EIV system and its coprime factor(CF)uncertainty description is first derived,based on which the FR measurements suitable for plant CF identification are able to be generated.Different factorizations of a given controller in the closed-loop system can be made best use to adjust right coprime factors(RCFs)of the plant so as to realize an improvement on the signal-to-noise ratio of identification experimental data.Subsequently,a nominal RCF model is estimated by linear matrix inequalities from the applicable FR measurements and its associated worst-case errors are quantified from a priori and a posteriori information on the underlying system.A resulting RCF perturbation model set can then be described by the nominal RCF model and its worst-case error bounds.Such a model set capable of being stabilized by the given controller is ready for its robust stabilizing controller redesign and robust performance analysis.Finally,a numerical simulation is given to show the efficacy of the proposed identification method.展开更多
To enhance the accuracy of short-term photovoltaic power output prediction and address issues such as insufficient spatial resolution of meteorological forecast data and weak generalization ability of models,this pape...To enhance the accuracy of short-term photovoltaic power output prediction and address issues such as insufficient spatial resolution of meteorological forecast data and weak generalization ability of models,this paper proposes a prediction method that integrates spatial downscaling meteorological data with a convolutional neural network(CNN)-iTransformer-long short-term memory(LSTM)model.First,the rime-optimized random forest regression algorithm(RIME-RF)is employed to perform spatial downscaling on numerical weather prediction(NWP)data,thereby improving its local applicability.Second,a CNN-iTransformer-LSTM hybrid prediction model is constructed.This model utilizes a CNN as a spatial feature extractor to capture local patterns in meteorological data,employs an iTransformer to model the global dependencies among multiple variables,and leverages an LSTM to enhance the learning of short-term temporal dynamic features,thereby achieving efficient collaborative mining of multi-scale features.Finally,experiments are conducted using actual data from a photovoltaic power station in Hebei,China,during various seasons and weather conditions.The results show that the proposed model outperforms the comparison models in terms of the root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),and R2,maintaining high prediction accuracy and stability even under complex weather conditions such as overcast and rainy days.The downscaling process further enhances the prediction performance,verifying the effectiveness and practicality of this method.展开更多
In the Tianshan region,a complete textile industry chain has been established,covering the entire process from cotton cultivation and chemical fiber production,through spinning,weaving,dyeing,and finishing,and further...In the Tianshan region,a complete textile industry chain has been established,covering the entire process from cotton cultivation and chemical fiber production,through spinning,weaving,dyeing,and finishing,and further extending to apparel,home textiles,and industrial textiles.In November 2025,the first list of five characteristic textile and apparel industry clusters in Xinjiang was officially announced,marking a new stage in the clustering of Xinjiang's textile and apparel industry.Data shows that the total output value of Xinjiang's cotton and textile and apparel industry chain has exceeded 220 billion yuan.With the nation's largest cotton production,a complete industrial chain system,and strong synergistic effects,Xinjiang has become a leading and highly competitive textile industry hub in China.展开更多
Soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions contribute profoundly to global warming;however,how plant detritus input alters GHG emissions is poorly understood.Here,we used detritus input and removal treatments(i.e.,DIRT:control...Soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions contribute profoundly to global warming;however,how plant detritus input alters GHG emissions is poorly understood.Here,we used detritus input and removal treatments(i.e.,DIRT:control,CK;double litter,DL;no roots with double litter,NRDL;no litter,NL;no roots,NR;no roots and no litter,NRNL)to assess the effects of litter and root inputs on soil CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O fluxes in soils in a coniferous(Pinus yunnanensis)and a broad-leaf forest(Quercus pannosa)in a subalpine region in southwestern China.Litter addition increased CO_(2) emissions on average 22.22%,but did not significantly alter CH_(4) uptake and N_(2)O emission compared to the CK.Litter removal(NL and NRNL)significantly reduced CO_(2) emissions on average 30.22%and N_(2)O emissions on average 31.16%from both forest soils,but did not significantly affect soil CH_(4) uptake.Root removal(NR and NRNL)generally decreased these three soil GHG fluxes.Changes inβ-1,4-glucosidase(BG)involved in C and phospholipid fatty acid(PLFAs)biomass were projected to influence CO_(2) emissions,while soil microclimates(temperature and moisture)combined with BG activity mainly regulated CH_(4) uptake.Alterations in dissolved organic nitrogen,microbial biomass nitrogen and BG were mainly responsible for changes in N_(2)O emissions.Interestingly,coniferous forest soil seemed to promote CH_(4) uptake more than the broad-leaf forest soil,but CO_(2) and N_(2)O fluxes were not significantly affected by the forest types.As expected,litter addition significantly increased the warming potential,while litter removal relatively lowered it.These findings revealed the divergent roles of plant detritus input and forest type in shaping soil GHG fluxes,thereby providing insights into forest management and predicting contributions of subalpine forests to global warming.展开更多
[Objective] To analyze the input and output in rice cultivation based on CD function. [Method] Based on the input factors, Cobb-Douglas production （CD） function was used to do the quantitative analysis on the input-...[Objective] To analyze the input and output in rice cultivation based on CD function. [Method] Based on the input factors, Cobb-Douglas production （CD） function was used to do the quantitative analysis on the input-output in rice production with rice growers as the objective. [Result] Considering the substitution effect of labor in- put and capital input, under the same technical conditions, the effect of increasing labor input on the rice production in per 667 m2 was negative, based on which 2 pieces of policy suggestions were put forward to promote the transfer of surplus la- bor force of rice growers and ensure the capital supply for rice production. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the realization of reasonable allocation of rice production resources.展开更多
A 1×8 multimode interference power splitter with multimode input/output waveguides in SOI material is designed by the beam propagation method and fabricated by the inductive coupled plasma etching technology for...A 1×8 multimode interference power splitter with multimode input/output waveguides in SOI material is designed by the beam propagation method and fabricated by the inductive coupled plasma etching technology for use in fiber optics communication systems.The fabricated device exhibits low loss and good coupling uniformity.The excess loss is lower than 0 8dB,and the uniformity is 0 45dB at the wavelength of 1550nm.Moreover,the polarization dependent loss is lower than 0 7dB at 1550nm.The device size is only 2mm×10mm.展开更多
The current college English teaching is usually associated with two discouraging words—"time-consuming"and"inefficient", which badly demands some urgent solutions. On the basis of Krashen's In...The current college English teaching is usually associated with two discouraging words—"time-consuming"and"inefficient", which badly demands some urgent solutions. On the basis of Krashen's Input Hypothesis and Swain's Output Hypothesis, this paper elaborates the indispensable and critical roles respectively of input and output in language learning, and proposes a concept of balanced input and output in college English teaching. The paper also presents some personal suggestions as to how to bring the balance into teaching.展开更多
Second Language Acquisition(SLA) education in China suffers from an imbalance between language input and output.Reading and listening are the dominate methods used in the classroom,while speaking and writing are used ...Second Language Acquisition(SLA) education in China suffers from an imbalance between language input and output.Reading and listening are the dominate methods used in the classroom,while speaking and writing are used far less.This paper examines the results that are caused by this imbalanced development of comprehensible output and input.Alternative solutions are examined.The results show the limitations in students' abilities that are commonly based on the current methods of teaching.The implications are that policy makers,curriculum developers and teachers should strive to balance the amount of comprehensible input and output through various means.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore interrelationship between agricultural input and output in Jiangsu and the influence degrees of input factors on agricultur-al output. [Method] Quantitative analysis and evaluation w...[Objective] The aim was to explore interrelationship between agricultural input and output in Jiangsu and the influence degrees of input factors on agricultur-al output. [Method] Quantitative analysis and evaluation were made on agricultural input and output in Jiangsu during 1990-2012 as per factor analysis and regression analysis. [Result] The result of factor analysis showed that since the 1990s, the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural input/output in Jiangsu was growing and in-put/output of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, crop farming, and of food production were extracted, whose scores reflect the changes of input/output ef-ficiencies in terms of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, crop farming and food production in the two decades. The results of regression analysis indicated that the effects of the three indices on agricultural output tended to be volatile and the influence degrees were concluded also by regression parameters. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical references for agricultural input/output structure in Jiangsu Province.展开更多
Research on SLA gives highlights to English translation teaching. The second language acquisition is a cognitive process of understanding and outputting the second language by making use of strategies, which contains ...Research on SLA gives highlights to English translation teaching. The second language acquisition is a cognitive process of understanding and outputting the second language by making use of strategies, which contains language input, learners' linguistic knowledge, and language output. This paper analyzes language input and output theory and then proposes that we should stress language input by practice and interaction and at the same time focus on the role of language output in college English translation teaching.展开更多
This paper aims to explore the role of intake in second language learning.Based on her literature review and the case of an English lesson in a Chinese secondary school,the author argues that L2 acquisition does not t...This paper aims to explore the role of intake in second language learning.Based on her literature review and the case of an English lesson in a Chinese secondary school,the author argues that L2 acquisition does not take place directly from input to output.In each sqecific part of L2 acquisition process,intake plays various important roles such as filtering,facilitating in comprehensible input and processing in pushed output.In the Chinese foreign language teaching context,it is also found that L2 acquisition is an arduous task for learners to extract information from the input,utilize it in forming a grammar and produce target language forms accurately and fluently.It is the same with L2 teachers who need to play their roles of a controller,a corrector,an organizer and a prompter in the learning process.展开更多
Input and output are two major terminal actions in second language acquisition.For these two actions scholars have carried out a great number of researches.Among them the most famous are Krashen’s Input Hypothesis an...Input and output are two major terminal actions in second language acquisition.For these two actions scholars have carried out a great number of researches.Among them the most famous are Krashen’s Input Hypothesis and Output Hypothesis.展开更多
This paper gives a report of the findings of a pilot study on task frequency effects of input-output cycles on EFL learners'oral proficiency.The results showed that the experimental group made greater progress in ...This paper gives a report of the findings of a pilot study on task frequency effects of input-output cycles on EFL learners'oral proficiency.The results showed that the experimental group made greater progress in complexity and accuracy than control groups.We may come to the conclusion that circular input-out benefits learners most.The study may give some insights for foreign language teachers to give second language learners appropriate tasks in listening and speaking classes.展开更多
文摘WE observe that the response speed of a linear timeinvariant system to a step reference input depends not only on the system parameters but also on the magnitude of the step input.Based on this observation,we demonstrate a method to schedule the magnitude of the reference input to achieve a faster response.
文摘This study integrates explicit input enhancement into comparative continuation writing,defined as a task in which learners produce a continuation by comparing their own expression with an input text,aligning with its discourse structure and linguistic features,while developing their own ideas.It aims to examine whether English as a Foreign Language(EFL)learners in China exhibit differences in discourse competence and writing performance when completing comparative continuation writing combined with different input enhancement techniques,and whether the alignment effect occurs at the discourse level.Sixty first-year Chinese senior middle school students were divided into four groups:three groups engaged in comparative continuation writing with varying input enhancement,achieved by combining different techniques,while a control group performed a designated-topic writing task.The results revealed that three comparative continuation writing groups outperformed the designated-topic writing group in discourse competence,particularly in the use of temporal connectives.However,differences and some inconsistencies were observed among the comparative continuation writing groups across individual indices.The study highlights effective ways to incorporate comparative continuation writing into English instruction and demonstrates how explicit input enhancement can complement the task,simultaneously activating the alignment effect proposed by the xu-argument and enhancing discourse competence in writing.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant No.62373197)the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.23KJB120010)+1 种基金the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BY20251038)the Cultivation and In-cubation Project of the College of Automation,Nanjing Uni-versity of Posts and Telecommunications.
文摘Multilayer complex dynamical networks,characterized by the intricate topological connections and diverse hierarchical structures,present significant challenges in determining complete structural configurations due to the unique functional attributes and interaction patterns inherent to different layers.This paper addresses the critical question of whether structural information from a known layer can be used to reconstruct the unknown intralayer structure of a target layer within general weighted output-coupling multilayer networks.Building upon the generalized synchronization principle,we propose an innovative reconstruction method that incorporates two essential components in the design of structure observers,the cross-layer coupling modulator and the structural divergence term.A key advantage of the proposed reconstruction method lies in its flexibility to freely designate both the unknown target layer and the known reference layer from the general weighted output-coupling multilayer network.The reduced dependency on full-state observability enables more deployment in engineering applications with partial measurements.Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed structure reconstruction method.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Fundation of China under Grant Nos.62403263 and 62373207in part by the Natural Science Fundation of Qingdao,China under Grant No.24-4-4-zrjj-88-jch+1 种基金in part by the Team Plan for Youth Innovation of Universities in Shandong Province under Grant No.2024KJH148in part by the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Autonomous Systems and Networked Control(South China University of Technology),Ministry of Education under Grant No.2024A01.
文摘In this paper,we study the issue of controlling a rotating flexible body-beam system(RFBBS)which consists of a tip mass attached to the free-end and a rigid disk attached to the clamped-end of an Euler-Bernoulli beam.The boundary control input is affected by both unknown disturbance and nonlinear input backlash.First,the input backlash is considered as desired control input combined with a nonlinear input error,converting it to an external disturbance,and then,the control signal is designed through the energy-based control method.Next,the closed-loop system’s stability is analysed through Lyapunov direct method.Finally,the efficacy of the proposed control scheme is tested through numerical simulations utilizing the finite difference method.
文摘This paper proposes a robust control-oriented identification method for errors-in-variables(EIV)systems in output feedbacks using frequency-response(FR)experimental data.An important relation between such a closed-loop EIV system and its coprime factor(CF)uncertainty description is first derived,based on which the FR measurements suitable for plant CF identification are able to be generated.Different factorizations of a given controller in the closed-loop system can be made best use to adjust right coprime factors(RCFs)of the plant so as to realize an improvement on the signal-to-noise ratio of identification experimental data.Subsequently,a nominal RCF model is estimated by linear matrix inequalities from the applicable FR measurements and its associated worst-case errors are quantified from a priori and a posteriori information on the underlying system.A resulting RCF perturbation model set can then be described by the nominal RCF model and its worst-case error bounds.Such a model set capable of being stabilized by the given controller is ready for its robust stabilizing controller redesign and robust performance analysis.Finally,a numerical simulation is given to show the efficacy of the proposed identification method.
文摘To enhance the accuracy of short-term photovoltaic power output prediction and address issues such as insufficient spatial resolution of meteorological forecast data and weak generalization ability of models,this paper proposes a prediction method that integrates spatial downscaling meteorological data with a convolutional neural network(CNN)-iTransformer-long short-term memory(LSTM)model.First,the rime-optimized random forest regression algorithm(RIME-RF)is employed to perform spatial downscaling on numerical weather prediction(NWP)data,thereby improving its local applicability.Second,a CNN-iTransformer-LSTM hybrid prediction model is constructed.This model utilizes a CNN as a spatial feature extractor to capture local patterns in meteorological data,employs an iTransformer to model the global dependencies among multiple variables,and leverages an LSTM to enhance the learning of short-term temporal dynamic features,thereby achieving efficient collaborative mining of multi-scale features.Finally,experiments are conducted using actual data from a photovoltaic power station in Hebei,China,during various seasons and weather conditions.The results show that the proposed model outperforms the comparison models in terms of the root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),and R2,maintaining high prediction accuracy and stability even under complex weather conditions such as overcast and rainy days.The downscaling process further enhances the prediction performance,verifying the effectiveness and practicality of this method.
文摘In the Tianshan region,a complete textile industry chain has been established,covering the entire process from cotton cultivation and chemical fiber production,through spinning,weaving,dyeing,and finishing,and further extending to apparel,home textiles,and industrial textiles.In November 2025,the first list of five characteristic textile and apparel industry clusters in Xinjiang was officially announced,marking a new stage in the clustering of Xinjiang's textile and apparel industry.Data shows that the total output value of Xinjiang's cotton and textile and apparel industry chain has exceeded 220 billion yuan.With the nation's largest cotton production,a complete industrial chain system,and strong synergistic effects,Xinjiang has become a leading and highly competitive textile industry hub in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32130069)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF1306700)the Scientific Research Foundation of Education Department of Yunnan Province(2024Y004).
文摘Soil greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions contribute profoundly to global warming;however,how plant detritus input alters GHG emissions is poorly understood.Here,we used detritus input and removal treatments(i.e.,DIRT:control,CK;double litter,DL;no roots with double litter,NRDL;no litter,NL;no roots,NR;no roots and no litter,NRNL)to assess the effects of litter and root inputs on soil CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O fluxes in soils in a coniferous(Pinus yunnanensis)and a broad-leaf forest(Quercus pannosa)in a subalpine region in southwestern China.Litter addition increased CO_(2) emissions on average 22.22%,but did not significantly alter CH_(4) uptake and N_(2)O emission compared to the CK.Litter removal(NL and NRNL)significantly reduced CO_(2) emissions on average 30.22%and N_(2)O emissions on average 31.16%from both forest soils,but did not significantly affect soil CH_(4) uptake.Root removal(NR and NRNL)generally decreased these three soil GHG fluxes.Changes inβ-1,4-glucosidase(BG)involved in C and phospholipid fatty acid(PLFAs)biomass were projected to influence CO_(2) emissions,while soil microclimates(temperature and moisture)combined with BG activity mainly regulated CH_(4) uptake.Alterations in dissolved organic nitrogen,microbial biomass nitrogen and BG were mainly responsible for changes in N_(2)O emissions.Interestingly,coniferous forest soil seemed to promote CH_(4) uptake more than the broad-leaf forest soil,but CO_(2) and N_(2)O fluxes were not significantly affected by the forest types.As expected,litter addition significantly increased the warming potential,while litter removal relatively lowered it.These findings revealed the divergent roles of plant detritus input and forest type in shaping soil GHG fluxes,thereby providing insights into forest management and predicting contributions of subalpine forests to global warming.
基金Supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(2010YBA012)~~
文摘[Objective] To analyze the input and output in rice cultivation based on CD function. [Method] Based on the input factors, Cobb-Douglas production （CD） function was used to do the quantitative analysis on the input-output in rice production with rice growers as the objective. [Result] Considering the substitution effect of labor in- put and capital input, under the same technical conditions, the effect of increasing labor input on the rice production in per 667 m2 was negative, based on which 2 pieces of policy suggestions were put forward to promote the transfer of surplus la- bor force of rice growers and ensure the capital supply for rice production. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the realization of reasonable allocation of rice production resources.
文摘A 1×8 multimode interference power splitter with multimode input/output waveguides in SOI material is designed by the beam propagation method and fabricated by the inductive coupled plasma etching technology for use in fiber optics communication systems.The fabricated device exhibits low loss and good coupling uniformity.The excess loss is lower than 0 8dB,and the uniformity is 0 45dB at the wavelength of 1550nm.Moreover,the polarization dependent loss is lower than 0 7dB at 1550nm.The device size is only 2mm×10mm.
文摘The current college English teaching is usually associated with two discouraging words—"time-consuming"and"inefficient", which badly demands some urgent solutions. On the basis of Krashen's Input Hypothesis and Swain's Output Hypothesis, this paper elaborates the indispensable and critical roles respectively of input and output in language learning, and proposes a concept of balanced input and output in college English teaching. The paper also presents some personal suggestions as to how to bring the balance into teaching.
文摘Second Language Acquisition(SLA) education in China suffers from an imbalance between language input and output.Reading and listening are the dominate methods used in the classroom,while speaking and writing are used far less.This paper examines the results that are caused by this imbalanced development of comprehensible output and input.Alternative solutions are examined.The results show the limitations in students' abilities that are commonly based on the current methods of teaching.The implications are that policy makers,curriculum developers and teachers should strive to balance the amount of comprehensible input and output through various means.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore interrelationship between agricultural input and output in Jiangsu and the influence degrees of input factors on agricultur-al output. [Method] Quantitative analysis and evaluation were made on agricultural input and output in Jiangsu during 1990-2012 as per factor analysis and regression analysis. [Result] The result of factor analysis showed that since the 1990s, the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural input/output in Jiangsu was growing and in-put/output of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, crop farming, and of food production were extracted, whose scores reflect the changes of input/output ef-ficiencies in terms of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, crop farming and food production in the two decades. The results of regression analysis indicated that the effects of the three indices on agricultural output tended to be volatile and the influence degrees were concluded also by regression parameters. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical references for agricultural input/output structure in Jiangsu Province.
文摘Research on SLA gives highlights to English translation teaching. The second language acquisition is a cognitive process of understanding and outputting the second language by making use of strategies, which contains language input, learners' linguistic knowledge, and language output. This paper analyzes language input and output theory and then proposes that we should stress language input by practice and interaction and at the same time focus on the role of language output in college English translation teaching.
文摘This paper aims to explore the role of intake in second language learning.Based on her literature review and the case of an English lesson in a Chinese secondary school,the author argues that L2 acquisition does not take place directly from input to output.In each sqecific part of L2 acquisition process,intake plays various important roles such as filtering,facilitating in comprehensible input and processing in pushed output.In the Chinese foreign language teaching context,it is also found that L2 acquisition is an arduous task for learners to extract information from the input,utilize it in forming a grammar and produce target language forms accurately and fluently.It is the same with L2 teachers who need to play their roles of a controller,a corrector,an organizer and a prompter in the learning process.
文摘Input and output are two major terminal actions in second language acquisition.For these two actions scholars have carried out a great number of researches.Among them the most famous are Krashen’s Input Hypothesis and Output Hypothesis.
文摘This paper gives a report of the findings of a pilot study on task frequency effects of input-output cycles on EFL learners'oral proficiency.The results showed that the experimental group made greater progress in complexity and accuracy than control groups.We may come to the conclusion that circular input-out benefits learners most.The study may give some insights for foreign language teachers to give second language learners appropriate tasks in listening and speaking classes.
