Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly deep learning algorithms utilizing convolutional neural networks,plays an increasingly pivotal role in enhancing medical image examination.It demonstrates the potential for imp...Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly deep learning algorithms utilizing convolutional neural networks,plays an increasingly pivotal role in enhancing medical image examination.It demonstrates the potential for improving diagnostic accuracy within dental care.Orthopantomograms(OPGs)are essential in dentistry;however,their manual interpretation is often inconsistent and tedious.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first comprehensive application of YOLOv5m for the simultaneous detection and classification of six distinct dental pathologies using panoramic OPG images.The model was trained and refined on a custom dataset that began with 232 panoramic radiographs and was later expanded to 604 samples.These included annotated subclasses representing Caries,Infection,Impacted Teeth,Fractured Teeth,Broken Crowns,and Healthy conditions.The training was performed using GPU resources alongside tuned hyperparameters of batch size,learning rate schedule,and early stopping tailored for generalization to prevent overfitting.Evaluation on a held-out test set showed strong performance in the detection and localization of various dental pathologies and robust overall accuracy.At an IoU of 0.5,the system obtained a mean precision of 94.22%and recall of 90.42%,with mAP being 93.71%.This research confirms the use of YOLOv5m as a robust,highly efficient AI technology for the analysis of dental pathologies using OPGs,providing a clinically useful solution to enhance workflow efficiency and aid in sustaining consistency in complex multi-dimensional case evaluations.展开更多
目的以CBCT对样本牙根吸收的诊断结果为金标准,检验全景片(OPG)及根尖片对正畸相关牙根吸收(RRAOF)定性及分级半定量诊断结果的准确性。方法纳入完成固定正畸治疗的32例患者的121颗上前牙,正畸治疗前后均拍摄OPG、上前牙根尖片、上前牙C...目的以CBCT对样本牙根吸收的诊断结果为金标准,检验全景片(OPG)及根尖片对正畸相关牙根吸收(RRAOF)定性及分级半定量诊断结果的准确性。方法纳入完成固定正畸治疗的32例患者的121颗上前牙,正畸治疗前后均拍摄OPG、上前牙根尖片、上前牙CBCT。由3名放射专科医生按照Levander and Malmgren分度法对纳入样本的3种图像的牙根吸收程度分别进行评估,并以CBCT的诊断结果为金标准,检验OPG及根尖片对相同样本牙根吸收定性及分级半定量诊断结果的准确性。结果OPG、根尖片对相同样本RRAOF的定性及分级半定量诊断结果,与CBCT相比较均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。根尖片和OPG对RRAOF定性诊断的敏感性分别为71.6%和78.4%,特异性分别为25.5%和51.1%,准确度分别为53.7%和67.8%。结论根尖片与OPG对正畸相关牙根吸收的诊断准确性较差。展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Research studies made in Cameroon on compliance and relevance in the various areas of imaging, show the failure to comply with administrative and clinical criteria. These resea...<strong>Background:</strong> Research studies made in Cameroon on compliance and relevance in the various areas of imaging, show the failure to comply with administrative and clinical criteria. These research studies led to recommendations meant for result amelioration. However, the orthopantomogram (OPT) field remains less studied in that regard in Cameroon. <strong>Aim:</strong> Evaluate the relevance and compliance of examination requests for panoramic dental radiography. <strong>Setting and Design:</strong> It is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a consecutive sample of dental panoramic requests identified during the study period in 4 radiology centres of Yaoundé. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Variables studied here were the validity criteria of imaging examination. <strong>Request:</strong> Five of which are of administrative order (date of the request, requesting department, patient’s identity, patient’s age, applicant’s identity) and three of clinical order (anatomic region, reason for the examination and the purpose of the examination). <strong>Statistical Analysis:</strong> Chi-squared test was used with confidence interval of 95%. <strong>Results:</strong> Patient’s identity (name) was the criteria carrying the highest information (98.9%), followed by the name of the applicant physician (91.6%). Out of 179 requests analysed, 8.6% had complete information. 46.4% of requests had no indications. Dental surgeon was the top prescriber with a total of 112 (62.6%). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The quality of dental panoramic requests was not optimal in Yaounde, with lack of precision mostly noted at the level of clinical criteria.展开更多
Background:The distance from the inferior border of mental foramen(MF)to lower border of mandible remains constant throughout the life.Considering this fact the present study was carried out to determine role of MF in...Background:The distance from the inferior border of mental foramen(MF)to lower border of mandible remains constant throughout the life.Considering this fact the present study was carried out to determine role of MF in age and gender estimation and also its importance in planning various treatments.Aims and Objective:(1)To determine the most common type and shape of MF 2)To measure the height of the mandibular body(H),the distance between the superior margin of the MF to the alveolar crest(SM-AC),the distance between the superior margin of the MF to the inferior border of the mandible(SM-IB),the distance between the inferior margin of the MF to the inferior border(IM-IB)on the right side and left side.(3)To compare the above measurements for age and gender determination.(4)To determine effect of various factors on above measurements(5)to evaluate whether any significant difference in measurement occurs on right and left side.(6)To derive a regression equation for age estimation.Materials and Methods:A total of 300 Orthopantomogram were studied.Measurements such as H,SM-AC,SM-IB and IM-IB were carried out on both sides on type II MF in males and females in all the six age groups.Statistical analysis was carried using IBM SPSS version 24 to determine differences in measurements and linear regression analysis was carried out to determine age of individuals.Result:The most common appearance of MF was type II and shape was oval.Statistically significant differences occurred in measurements using which regressive equation for age estimation was derived for males&females.Conclusion:MF,being a stable landmark in mandible,serves as a good indicator for the determination of age and gender.Hence,using certain measurements related to MF,it can help in determining the age of the individual.Further,its position and distance from the alveolar crest serve as a guide for orthognathic surgeries,implant placement,and pre-prosthetic surgery.展开更多
基金funding from the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project(PNURSP2025R195)the University of Bisha through its Fast-Track Research Support Program.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI),particularly deep learning algorithms utilizing convolutional neural networks,plays an increasingly pivotal role in enhancing medical image examination.It demonstrates the potential for improving diagnostic accuracy within dental care.Orthopantomograms(OPGs)are essential in dentistry;however,their manual interpretation is often inconsistent and tedious.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first comprehensive application of YOLOv5m for the simultaneous detection and classification of six distinct dental pathologies using panoramic OPG images.The model was trained and refined on a custom dataset that began with 232 panoramic radiographs and was later expanded to 604 samples.These included annotated subclasses representing Caries,Infection,Impacted Teeth,Fractured Teeth,Broken Crowns,and Healthy conditions.The training was performed using GPU resources alongside tuned hyperparameters of batch size,learning rate schedule,and early stopping tailored for generalization to prevent overfitting.Evaluation on a held-out test set showed strong performance in the detection and localization of various dental pathologies and robust overall accuracy.At an IoU of 0.5,the system obtained a mean precision of 94.22%and recall of 90.42%,with mAP being 93.71%.This research confirms the use of YOLOv5m as a robust,highly efficient AI technology for the analysis of dental pathologies using OPGs,providing a clinically useful solution to enhance workflow efficiency and aid in sustaining consistency in complex multi-dimensional case evaluations.
文摘目的以CBCT对样本牙根吸收的诊断结果为金标准,检验全景片(OPG)及根尖片对正畸相关牙根吸收(RRAOF)定性及分级半定量诊断结果的准确性。方法纳入完成固定正畸治疗的32例患者的121颗上前牙,正畸治疗前后均拍摄OPG、上前牙根尖片、上前牙CBCT。由3名放射专科医生按照Levander and Malmgren分度法对纳入样本的3种图像的牙根吸收程度分别进行评估,并以CBCT的诊断结果为金标准,检验OPG及根尖片对相同样本牙根吸收定性及分级半定量诊断结果的准确性。结果OPG、根尖片对相同样本RRAOF的定性及分级半定量诊断结果,与CBCT相比较均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。根尖片和OPG对RRAOF定性诊断的敏感性分别为71.6%和78.4%,特异性分别为25.5%和51.1%,准确度分别为53.7%和67.8%。结论根尖片与OPG对正畸相关牙根吸收的诊断准确性较差。
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Research studies made in Cameroon on compliance and relevance in the various areas of imaging, show the failure to comply with administrative and clinical criteria. These research studies led to recommendations meant for result amelioration. However, the orthopantomogram (OPT) field remains less studied in that regard in Cameroon. <strong>Aim:</strong> Evaluate the relevance and compliance of examination requests for panoramic dental radiography. <strong>Setting and Design:</strong> It is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a consecutive sample of dental panoramic requests identified during the study period in 4 radiology centres of Yaoundé. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Variables studied here were the validity criteria of imaging examination. <strong>Request:</strong> Five of which are of administrative order (date of the request, requesting department, patient’s identity, patient’s age, applicant’s identity) and three of clinical order (anatomic region, reason for the examination and the purpose of the examination). <strong>Statistical Analysis:</strong> Chi-squared test was used with confidence interval of 95%. <strong>Results:</strong> Patient’s identity (name) was the criteria carrying the highest information (98.9%), followed by the name of the applicant physician (91.6%). Out of 179 requests analysed, 8.6% had complete information. 46.4% of requests had no indications. Dental surgeon was the top prescriber with a total of 112 (62.6%). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The quality of dental panoramic requests was not optimal in Yaounde, with lack of precision mostly noted at the level of clinical criteria.
文摘Background:The distance from the inferior border of mental foramen(MF)to lower border of mandible remains constant throughout the life.Considering this fact the present study was carried out to determine role of MF in age and gender estimation and also its importance in planning various treatments.Aims and Objective:(1)To determine the most common type and shape of MF 2)To measure the height of the mandibular body(H),the distance between the superior margin of the MF to the alveolar crest(SM-AC),the distance between the superior margin of the MF to the inferior border of the mandible(SM-IB),the distance between the inferior margin of the MF to the inferior border(IM-IB)on the right side and left side.(3)To compare the above measurements for age and gender determination.(4)To determine effect of various factors on above measurements(5)to evaluate whether any significant difference in measurement occurs on right and left side.(6)To derive a regression equation for age estimation.Materials and Methods:A total of 300 Orthopantomogram were studied.Measurements such as H,SM-AC,SM-IB and IM-IB were carried out on both sides on type II MF in males and females in all the six age groups.Statistical analysis was carried using IBM SPSS version 24 to determine differences in measurements and linear regression analysis was carried out to determine age of individuals.Result:The most common appearance of MF was type II and shape was oval.Statistically significant differences occurred in measurements using which regressive equation for age estimation was derived for males&females.Conclusion:MF,being a stable landmark in mandible,serves as a good indicator for the determination of age and gender.Hence,using certain measurements related to MF,it can help in determining the age of the individual.Further,its position and distance from the alveolar crest serve as a guide for orthognathic surgeries,implant placement,and pre-prosthetic surgery.
