Dystonia is a neurologic disorder characterized by sustained involuntary movements or abnormal posture. Oromandibular dystonia is a form of focal dystonia that is characterized by forceful contractions of face, jaw, o...Dystonia is a neurologic disorder characterized by sustained involuntary movements or abnormal posture. Oromandibular dystonia is a form of focal dystonia that is characterized by forceful contractions of face, jaw, or tongue.展开更多
The subscapular system can confer numerous flaps for the reconstruction of composite mandibular defects.This chapter aims to review the indications,advantages,and anatomy of subscapular system flaps in the reconstruct...The subscapular system can confer numerous flaps for the reconstruction of composite mandibular defects.This chapter aims to review the indications,advantages,and anatomy of subscapular system flaps in the reconstruction of the mandible.The subscapular system can serve as an alternative to the fibula free flap in the presence of significant atherosclerotic disease or other contraindications.The flexibility and abundance of its soft tissue components make this system particularly advantageous for complex composite defects.Avoiding a fibula free flap for osseous reconstruction of the mandible permits early patient mobilization and may prevent adverse postoperative complications.A long pedicle can be harvested with subscapular flaps,which may prove useful in the face of limited available recipient vessels.Critics of the subscapular system cite longer operative times due to the need for patient repositioning and concerns over the integrity of the bone stock.Positioning modifications may permit a two-team approach to subscapular reconstruction,thus limiting operative times.Subscapular harvest does incur shoulder morbidity;however,this does not appear to affect the quality of life significantly.The flap is reliable and can support endosseous implants if properly planned,though it may be more susceptible to bone resorption when compared to the fibula.Overall,the subscapular system remains a versatile donor that can achieve ideal reconstructive outcomes with minimal morbidity.展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding，the Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education
文摘Dystonia is a neurologic disorder characterized by sustained involuntary movements or abnormal posture. Oromandibular dystonia is a form of focal dystonia that is characterized by forceful contractions of face, jaw, or tongue.
文摘The subscapular system can confer numerous flaps for the reconstruction of composite mandibular defects.This chapter aims to review the indications,advantages,and anatomy of subscapular system flaps in the reconstruction of the mandible.The subscapular system can serve as an alternative to the fibula free flap in the presence of significant atherosclerotic disease or other contraindications.The flexibility and abundance of its soft tissue components make this system particularly advantageous for complex composite defects.Avoiding a fibula free flap for osseous reconstruction of the mandible permits early patient mobilization and may prevent adverse postoperative complications.A long pedicle can be harvested with subscapular flaps,which may prove useful in the face of limited available recipient vessels.Critics of the subscapular system cite longer operative times due to the need for patient repositioning and concerns over the integrity of the bone stock.Positioning modifications may permit a two-team approach to subscapular reconstruction,thus limiting operative times.Subscapular harvest does incur shoulder morbidity;however,this does not appear to affect the quality of life significantly.The flap is reliable and can support endosseous implants if properly planned,though it may be more susceptible to bone resorption when compared to the fibula.Overall,the subscapular system remains a versatile donor that can achieve ideal reconstructive outcomes with minimal morbidity.
