Due to the bird’s eye view of remote sensing sensors,the orientational information of an object is a key factor that has to be considered in object detection.To obtain rotating bounding boxes,existing studies either ...Due to the bird’s eye view of remote sensing sensors,the orientational information of an object is a key factor that has to be considered in object detection.To obtain rotating bounding boxes,existing studies either rely on rotated anchoring schemes or adding complex rotating ROI transfer layers,leading to increased computational demand and reduced detection speeds.In this study,we propose a novel internal-external optimized convolutional neural network for arbitrary orientated object detection in optical remote sensing images.For the internal opti-mization,we designed an anchor-based single-shot head detector that adopts the concept of coarse-to-fine detection for two-stage object detection networks.The refined rotating anchors are generated from the coarse detection head module and fed into the refining detection head module with a link of an embedded deformable convolutional layer.For the external optimiza-tion,we propose an IOU balanced loss that addresses the regression challenges related to arbitrary orientated bounding boxes.Experimental results on the DOTA and HRSC2016 bench-mark datasets show that our proposed method outperforms selected methods.展开更多
Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)has broad application prospect in separation,catalysis,and adsorption.By a facile green method,we successfully fabricated prGO@cHKUST-1 composite membrane with the modification of dopamin...Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)has broad application prospect in separation,catalysis,and adsorption.By a facile green method,we successfully fabricated prGO@cHKUST-1 composite membrane with the modification of dopamine and orientated growth of MOFs.Mg/AI-layered double hydroxides(Mg/Al-LDHs)was used as a modulator to obtain cubic HKUST-1(cHKUST-1)with excellent morphology and special properties.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)etc.characte rization illustrated successful synthesis of cHKUST-1 and composite membranes.Cubic HKUST-1 can tune the inter-layer spacing of graphene oxide(GO)leading increase in hydrophilicity and flux of the membrane.Meanwhile,the reduction effect of PDA and intercalation effect of MOFs could change the stacked way of GO layers,forming several fuzzy pores and more active sites on membrane surface.The prGO@cHKUST-1 membrane has an excellent rejection for methylene blue(MB)(99.5%)and Congo red(CR)(71.2%).Moreover,the modified membra ne exhibited 10 and 5 times higher permeation flux than that of original GO membrane and prGO membrane,respectively.Thus,using orientated growth of MOFs to synthesize GO based composite membrane will provide useful insights in ultrahigh permeation flux membranes of dye and oil-water emulsion separation.展开更多
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide(a-SiOx:H) is an attractive passivation material to suppress epitaxial growth and reduce the parasitic absorption loss in silicon heterojunction(SHJ) solar cells. In this paper, a-S...Hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide(a-SiOx:H) is an attractive passivation material to suppress epitaxial growth and reduce the parasitic absorption loss in silicon heterojunction(SHJ) solar cells. In this paper, a-SiOx:H layers on different orientated c-Si substrates are fabricated. An optimal effective lifetime(τ(eff)) of 4743 μs and corresponding implied opencircuit voltage(iV(oc)) of 724 mV are obtained on〈100〉-orientated c-Si wafers. While τ(eff) of 2429 μs and iV_(oc) of 699 mV are achieved on 111-orientated substrate. The FTIR and XPS results indicate that the a-SiOx:H network consists of SiOx(Si-rich), Si–OH, Si–O–SiHx, SiO2 ≡ Si–Si, and O3 ≡ Si–Si. A passivation evolution mechanism is proposed to explain the different passivation results on different c-Si wafers. By modulating the a-SiOx:H layer, the planar silicon heterojunction solar cell can achieve an efficiency of 18.15%.展开更多
The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigat...The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigated. A series of hypotheses were developed aiming at presenting a conceptual framework to clarify how market orientation contributes to product innovation performance-moderated by the degree of product innovativeness and affected by the interdepartmental integration. Survey data from 36 business units were analyzed based on the respondents in the research. The statistic results suggest a substantial positive effect of market orientation on product innovation performance. Under the condition of incremental innovativeness among the samples, the more innovative the product is, the more improvements in product innovation performance would be achieved. A variety of particular interdepartmental integration mechanisms have been certified to lend more supports to establishing market orientation and improving product innovation performance.展开更多
To elucidate the deformation mechanisms ofγ-TiAl,the nanoindentation experiments and crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE)simulation were employed to investigate the effects of crystal orientations and GBs on the m...To elucidate the deformation mechanisms ofγ-TiAl,the nanoindentation experiments and crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE)simulation were employed to investigate the effects of crystal orientations and GBs on the mechanical properties ofγ-TiAl alloys.A crystal plasticity constitutive model was developed,and load-displacement curves,hardness,and Young's modulus were obtained for both single grains and GBs inγ-TiAl alloys.Based on the aforementioned model,this study investigated the distribution patterns of surface morphology around the indentation sites of individual grain and GBs.It also analyzed the cumulative shear strain distribution,slip system activation,and the interaction between GBs and dislocation slip for various crystal orientations.The results indicate that the mechanical response and pileup behavior exhibit significant anisotropy due to the interplay among the indenter geometry,material slip systems,and cumulative shear strain distribution.Moreover,the interaction between GBs and dislocation slip substantially alters dislocation distribution,thereby influencing material flow and playing a critical role in the mechanical response and plastic deformation of the material.展开更多
To explore the formation mechanism of anisotropy in Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM),the compressive mechanical properties,microhardness,microstructure,and crystallographic orientation of the...To explore the formation mechanism of anisotropy in Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM),the compressive mechanical properties,microhardness,microstructure,and crystallographic orientation of the alloy across different planes were investigated.The anisotropy of SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloys was analyzed,and the electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to investigate the influence of different grain types and orientations on the stress-strain distribution at various scales.Results reveal that in room-temperature compression tests at a strain rate of 10^(-3) s^(-1),both the compressive yield strength and microhardness vary along the deposition direction,indicating a certain degree of mechanical property anisotropy.The alloy exhibits a columnar microstructure;along the deposition direction,the grains appear equiaxed,and they have internal hexagonal close-packed(hcp)α/α'martensitic structure.α'phase has a preferential orientation approximately along the<0001>direction.Anisotropy arises from the high aspect ratio of columnar grains,along with the weak texture of the microstructure and low symmetry of the hcp crystal structure.展开更多
In the context of the global energy low-carbon transition,phase change energy storage technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem of intermittent renewable energy.Oriented phase change composites(OCPCMs)r...In the context of the global energy low-carbon transition,phase change energy storage technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem of intermittent renewable energy.Oriented phase change composites(OCPCMs)receive widespread attention in practical energy storage applications due to their unique oriented thermally conductive structure,which achieves significant thermal conductivity enhancement in specific directions while retaining the high energy storage capacity of the phase change components.This review systematically summarizes the overall analysis of OCPCMs from synthesis and preparation to application scenarios in recent years.Herein,we introduce the analysis of the heat transfer mechanism of the materials and explore the advantages of the oriented structure in OCPCMs in the heat transfer behavior from a bionic perspective.We then focus on summarizing and generalizing the methods for preparing OCPCMs,giving suggestions for suitable methods according to different scenarios.Besides,we discuss the application of finite element simulation methods to the monitoring of the thermal management behavior of OCPCMs,and look into the potential future application areas of such materials.Finally,it is hoped that this review will provide guidance for the academic community in developing high-performance OCPCMs.展开更多
Optical tweezers technology has the characteristics of noncontact manipulation in three dimensions and steerable separation in solutions,and could be applied to obtain a separated sperm with high quality for intracyto...Optical tweezers technology has the characteristics of noncontact manipulation in three dimensions and steerable separation in solutions,and could be applied to obtain a separated sperm with high quality for intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).However,the effects of optical tweezers on sperm motility are still unclear.To elucidate the effects on sperm motility for optical tweezers,we systematically investigated the correlation between motility parameters and the parameters of optical tweezers(wavelength,power,trapping duration,and trapping orientation).Under three systems of optical tweezers with different laser wavelengths(1064,850,and 785 nm),the nine motility parameters of free swimming were mainly affected by trapping orientation(vertical/horizontal)and trapping duration.When 850 nm laser and 1064 nm laser are used,vertical trapping significantly reduces sperm free-swimming capability with prolonged exposure time,whereas horizontal trapping exhibits relatively minor interference on sperm motility.Notably,the 785 nm laser does not induce statistically significant changes in key parameters of sperm motility under any experimental conditions(trapping orientation and duration).For the rolling frequency of trapped sperm,horizontal trapping for three wavelengths has a negligible effect compared with vertical trapping,especially for the 785 nm laser.In conclusion,horizontal trapping can preserve sperm motility under low power(below 140mW at 1064 nm,below 100mW at 850nm,below 60mW at 785 nm)and short duration(below 4 min).This trapping duration is suffcient for the separation procedure of single live sperm in ICSI.This study provides critical parameter optimization guidelines for the safe application of optical tweezers technology in reproductive medicine.展开更多
Zinc oxide(ZnO)films,as representative piezoelectric semiconductors,have garnered considerable interest in ultrasonic testing.Current research challenges include maintaining the consistency of continuous c-axis orient...Zinc oxide(ZnO)films,as representative piezoelectric semiconductors,have garnered considerable interest in ultrasonic testing.Current research challenges include maintaining the consistency of continuous c-axis orientation and determining the fundamental link between the electrical structure and piezoelectric response.Accordingly,we have proposed ZnO films incorporated with an orientation-inducing layer(OIL),utilizing orientation induction and rapid deposition technology to regulate the growth structure of the ZnO films.Furthermore,the influence of the competitive mechanism between the film growth and lateral diffusion on the film's growth structure has been investigated.Piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM)analysis demonstrated the regulation and enhancement of ZnO piezoelectric polarization by the OIL.The enhancement mechanism of OIL on film performance was revealed via experimental examination of the film structure,morphology,crystallization orientation,oxygen vacancies,carrier concentration,band structure,and density of states based on density functional theory(DFT).Benefiting from the superior electromechanical response of the ZnO OIL sensor,characterized by fast response recovery times of 2.4 ms/7.7 ms and a sensitivity of 1.09 V/N,the device has successfully demonstrated practical applications in both motion pressure detection and bolt axial force measurement.These findings provide new insights into the ultrasonic detection for aerospace applications of ZnO OIL piezoelectric devices and demonstrate significant potential for health monitoring in connection systems.展开更多
Objectives:Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)represents a prominent and escalating concern within mental health,associated with considerable psychological and physical dangers.Peer victimization is identified as a signifi...Objectives:Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)represents a prominent and escalating concern within mental health,associated with considerable psychological and physical dangers.Peer victimization is identified as a significant predictor of NSSI behavior.Although prior research has explored the association between peer victimization and NSSI,the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain insufficiently understood.Utilizing social information processing theory frameworks,the present study seeks to examine the sequential mediating roles of a cognitive factor,future orientation,and a behavioral factor,social withdrawal,in middle school students.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was administered in China,involving 528 participants(261 females and 267 males;Meanage=13.71,standard deviation[SD]=0.93).Participants completed self-report measures assessing peer victimization via the Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student Version,NSSI via the Adolescents Self-Harm Scale,future orientation via the Adolescent Future Orientation Questionnaire,and social withdrawal via the Social Withdrawal Questionnaire.Results:Findings indicated a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and NSSI(r=0.30,p<0.01).Additionally,future orientation and social withdrawal functioned as serial mediators,with an indirect effect of 0.01(95%CI:[0.01,0.02]),representing 2.70%of the total effect(𝛽=0.37,95%CI:[0.25,0.47]).Conclusions:The findings endorse a theoretical framework in which negative future outlook and social withdrawal are sequentially linked within the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI.Although the serial indirect effect observed is modest,it delineates a distinct associative pattern that characterizes adolescents subjected to victimization.These results carry practical significance for school-based intervention programs,indicating that targeting future perspectives and social connections may enhance strategies for preventing NSSI.展开更多
Magnesium alloys usually exhibit poor ductility because of their limited slip systems at room temperature.To overcome this intrinsic limitation,heterostructure design has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing...Magnesium alloys usually exhibit poor ductility because of their limited slip systems at room temperature.To overcome this intrinsic limitation,heterostructure design has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing their mechanical performance,yet the development of orientation-based heterogeneous magnesium alloys remains relatively unexplored.In this work,by varying the triaxial cyclic compression(TCC)applied to an extruded Mg-2.9Y(wt.%)alloy,we obtained two materials that possessed comparable bimodal grain-size characteristics but showed notable differences in orientation heterogeneity.The material processed by TCC along three orthogonal directions for five complete cycles exhibited a predominantly hard orientation,with hard refined grains embedded within coarse grains of the same hard orientation.By applying an additional compression to plane A,the other material mainly comprising the soft orientation was obtained,with hard-oriented refined grains embedded in soft-oriented coarse grains.These materials exhibited quite different tensile properties and work hardening abilities.By combining microstructural characterization and crystal plasticity modeling,deformation micromechanism of the materials under tensile loading was explored.In the former,poor deformation coordination between the different domains led to strain localization in the refined grain region.However,the latter experienced a significant orientation transition due to tensile twinning.This promoted non-basalslip and improved deformation compatibility,resulting in the more persistent hetero-deformation induced hardening.These findings provide fundamental insights into the micromechanical behavior of heterostructured alloys and offer a new strategy for designing high-performance hexagonal close-packed materials by introducing heterogeneous orientation distributions.展开更多
Sporosarcina pasteurii was employed as the strain,with an in-situ magnetization construction,to obtain magnetic microorganisms and oriented self-healing mortar specimens based on them.The magnetic field was used to ac...Sporosarcina pasteurii was employed as the strain,with an in-situ magnetization construction,to obtain magnetic microorganisms and oriented self-healing mortar specimens based on them.The magnetic field was used to achieve the directional migration of magnetic microorganisms during the oriented selfhealing of mortar cracks,improving the rate of self-healing of cracks.The experimental results demonstrate that the magnetic microorganisms are composed of Fe_(3)O_(4)nanosheets attached to the surface of Sporosarcina pasteurii,whose mineralization products are comprised of vaterite primarily.Compared with the pure microbial group,the magnetic microbial group exhibits a faster repair rate,shortening the repair time required to achieve an area repair efficiency of over 90%from 28 days to 14 days,thereby doubling the repair rate.Meanwhile,the area repair efficiency of the magnetic microbial group at 7,14,and 28 days are increased by 50.3%,11.2%,and 4.6%,respectively,compared to the pure microbial group,which are due to the magnetic microorganisms'superior directional migration and mineralization ability,exceeding that of the ordinary microorganisms.展开更多
Turbine blades,due to their intricate geometry,are exposed to multiaxial stresses during operation.Consequently,it is imperative to examine the anisotropy of their stress-rupture behavior across various testing scenar...Turbine blades,due to their intricate geometry,are exposed to multiaxial stresses during operation.Consequently,it is imperative to examine the anisotropy of their stress-rupture behavior across various testing scenarios,particularly under high-temperature conditions.Stress-rupture behavior of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy was investigated under a load varying from 100 MPa to 137 MPa at 1,100℃ for both[001]-and[111]-orientated specimens.Results demonstrate that the rupture behavior of[111]-orientated specimens exhibits obviously higher sensitive to applied stress compared to[001]-orientated specimens.This difference is primarily attributed to the orientation dependentγ'coarsening behavior and distinct dislocation interactions atγ/γ'interfaces.In[001]-oriented specimens,plate-likeγ/γ'rafts rapidly form alongside well-developed interfacial dislocation networks,where theγ/γ'misfit stress dominates the microstructural evolution.In contrast,the[111]-orientated specimens exhibit retained,coarsenedγ'precipitates embedded within theγmatrix,accompanied by poorly developed interfacial dislocation networks.展开更多
Laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS)have gained increasing attention in the field of micro/nano fabrication,although achieving sub-100-nm period LIPSS with high uniformity remains a significant challenge.I...Laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS)have gained increasing attention in the field of micro/nano fabrication,although achieving sub-100-nm period LIPSS with high uniformity remains a significant challenge.In this work,towards deep-subwavelength LIPSS on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG),we demonstrate that ultra-uniform nanogratings of sub-50-nm periods and near-10-nm groove widths can be stably prepared via 800-nm femtosecond laser scanning irradiation with a high-NA objective lens under water immersion.The resulting nanogratings of strong polarization dependence,exhibiting exceptional surface flatness,period stability,and structural integrity,tend to appear at near-damage-threshold fluence regime with an appropriate effective pulse number.It turns out that the water immersion condition can significantly reduce the thermal effects of femtosecond laser ablation on HOPG,and thus via a mild,incubation-like scanning ablation process occurring in the nanogrooves with a continuous or jumping manner,this deep-subwavelength grating can achieve robust elongation growth,ensuring its long-range uniformity as well as minimal deposited debris and structural defects.Interestingly,the different incubation extension mechanisms for the mutually perpendicular and parallel settings between scanning direction and laser polarization bring not only distinct effective-pulse-number windows and somewhat different grating qualities,but also different extension stabilities in nanograting stitching via overlapping scanning lines and thus the optimal scanning strategy of parallel setting for large-area processing.In short,this study presents a convenient laser-processing approach for high precision fabrication of sub-50-nm gratings on HOPG,which would provide new insights into micro/nano-fabrication for optoelectronic metasurfaces and physics of the interaction between ultrafast laser and graphite.展开更多
Discontinuities in rock masses critically impact the stability and safety of underground engineering.Mainstream discontinuities identificationmethods,which rely on normal vector estimation and clustering algorithms,su...Discontinuities in rock masses critically impact the stability and safety of underground engineering.Mainstream discontinuities identificationmethods,which rely on normal vector estimation and clustering algorithms,suffer from accuracy degradation,omission of critical discontinuities when orientation density is unevenly distributed,and need manual intervention.To overcome these limitations,this paper introduces a novel discontinuities identificationmethod based on geometric feature analysis of rock mass.By analyzing spatial distribution variability of point cloud and integrating an adaptive region growing algorithm,the method accurately detects independent discontinuities under complex geological conditions.Given that rock mass orientations typically follow a Fisher distribution,an adaptive hierarchical clustering algorithm based on statistical analysis is employed to automatically determine the optimal number of structural sets,eliminating the need for preset clusters or thresholds inherent in traditional methods.The proposed approach effectively handles diverse rock mass shapes and sizes,leveraging both local and global geometric features to minimize noise interference.Experimental validation on three real-world rock mass models,alongside comparisons with three conventional directional clustering algorithms,demonstrates superior accuracy and robustness in identifying optimal discontinuity sets.The proposed method offers a reliable and efficienttool for discontinuities detection and grouping in underground engineering,significantlyenhancing design and construction outcomes.展开更多
In Wuhu,urban renewal has not only transformed the development process,but improved people’s lives.DURING the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),urban renewal has served as a crucial measure to promote high-qualit...In Wuhu,urban renewal has not only transformed the development process,but improved people’s lives.DURING the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),urban renewal has served as a crucial measure to promote high-quality urban development and continuously meet people’s growing aspirations for a better life.Wuhu,in central China’s Anhui Province,has consistently enhanced its urban functions and services to build a modern,people-oriented city that is innovative,livable,beautiful,resilient,and smart.展开更多
To investigate the evolution of grain orientation and slip modes in magnesium alloys with multiple texture components,an AZ31 gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheet was fabricated using hard plate rolling(HPR).The ...To investigate the evolution of grain orientation and slip modes in magnesium alloys with multiple texture components,an AZ31 gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheet was fabricated using hard plate rolling(HPR).The changes in texture and slip modes under different reductions were examined.The results demonstrate that the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets display a self-epitaxial gradient structure,with the best mechanical properties observed at rolling temperature of 673 K and reduction of 50%.Significant changes in texture type and strength are observed along the normal direction(ND)of the sheet.The coarse-grain region exhibits a bimodal texture aligned with the rolling direction.These texture variations enhance the stress distribution at the fine grain-coarse grain interface,influencing the grain orientation and the activation of different slip modes,thus improving the mechanical properties of gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheets.This approach offers a new strategy for the fabrication of high-performance magnesium alloy sheets.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are currently confronted with the challenge of achieving long-term cyclic stability under high current densities.This issue is primarily attributed to the excessive growth of dendrites...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are currently confronted with the challenge of achieving long-term cyclic stability under high current densities.This issue is primarily attributed to the excessive growth of dendrites and the occurrence of significant side reactions.Herein,sucralose(SCL),as an electrolyte additive,has been used to promote the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.The introduction of SCL can adjust the Zn~(2+)nucleation and diffusion along different crystal facets,promoting the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.By substituting water molecules in the[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]~(2+),SCL reconfigures the hydrogen bond network in the electrolyte,reconstructing the solvation structure and suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction.Consequently,the Zn//Zn symmetric battery exhibits long-term cycling stability of over 4900 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)-1 mAh cm^(-2).Even at a harsh condition of 30 mA cm^(-2)-30 mAh cm^(-2)(DOD=73.3%),it can stably cycle for 171 h.The CE of the Zn//Cu half battery reaches 99.61% at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)with 0.2 mAh cm^(-2).Employing the optimized electrolyte,after 500 cycles,a high specific capacity of 420 mAh g^(-1)can be retained for the NH_4V_4O_(10)//Zn full battery at 500 mA g^(-1),corresponding to a capacity retention of 90.7%.展开更多
The effects of initial spin orientation on the final electron beam polarization in laser wakefield acceleration in a pre-polarized plasma are investigated theoretically and numerically.From the results of variation of...The effects of initial spin orientation on the final electron beam polarization in laser wakefield acceleration in a pre-polarized plasma are investigated theoretically and numerically.From the results of variation of the initial spin direction,the spin dynamics of the electron beam are found to depend on the self-injection mechanism.The effects of wakefields and laser fields are studied using test particle dynamics and particle-in-cell simulations based on the Thomas-Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation.Compared with transverse injection,longitudinal injection is found to be preferable for obtaining a highly polarized electron beam.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41890820,41771452,41771454,and 41901340]。
文摘Due to the bird’s eye view of remote sensing sensors,the orientational information of an object is a key factor that has to be considered in object detection.To obtain rotating bounding boxes,existing studies either rely on rotated anchoring schemes or adding complex rotating ROI transfer layers,leading to increased computational demand and reduced detection speeds.In this study,we propose a novel internal-external optimized convolutional neural network for arbitrary orientated object detection in optical remote sensing images.For the internal opti-mization,we designed an anchor-based single-shot head detector that adopts the concept of coarse-to-fine detection for two-stage object detection networks.The refined rotating anchors are generated from the coarse detection head module and fed into the refining detection head module with a link of an embedded deformable convolutional layer.For the external optimiza-tion,we propose an IOU balanced loss that addresses the regression challenges related to arbitrary orientated bounding boxes.Experimental results on the DOTA and HRSC2016 bench-mark datasets show that our proposed method outperforms selected methods.
基金the key projects of science and technology of Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2018GZ0421)。
文摘Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)has broad application prospect in separation,catalysis,and adsorption.By a facile green method,we successfully fabricated prGO@cHKUST-1 composite membrane with the modification of dopamine and orientated growth of MOFs.Mg/AI-layered double hydroxides(Mg/Al-LDHs)was used as a modulator to obtain cubic HKUST-1(cHKUST-1)with excellent morphology and special properties.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)etc.characte rization illustrated successful synthesis of cHKUST-1 and composite membranes.Cubic HKUST-1 can tune the inter-layer spacing of graphene oxide(GO)leading increase in hydrophilicity and flux of the membrane.Meanwhile,the reduction effect of PDA and intercalation effect of MOFs could change the stacked way of GO layers,forming several fuzzy pores and more active sites on membrane surface.The prGO@cHKUST-1 membrane has an excellent rejection for methylene blue(MB)(99.5%)and Congo red(CR)(71.2%).Moreover,the modified membra ne exhibited 10 and 5 times higher permeation flux than that of original GO membrane and prGO membrane,respectively.Thus,using orientated growth of MOFs to synthesize GO based composite membrane will provide useful insights in ultrahigh permeation flux membranes of dye and oil-water emulsion separation.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Deveopment Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1500402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61674084 and 61874167)+5 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,Chinathe Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City,China(Grant No.17JCYBJC41400)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Optical Information Science&Technology of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.2017KFKT014)the 111 Project,China(Grant No.B16027)the International Cooperation Base,China(Grant No.2016D01025)Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center,China。
文摘Hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide(a-SiOx:H) is an attractive passivation material to suppress epitaxial growth and reduce the parasitic absorption loss in silicon heterojunction(SHJ) solar cells. In this paper, a-SiOx:H layers on different orientated c-Si substrates are fabricated. An optimal effective lifetime(τ(eff)) of 4743 μs and corresponding implied opencircuit voltage(iV(oc)) of 724 mV are obtained on〈100〉-orientated c-Si wafers. While τ(eff) of 2429 μs and iV_(oc) of 699 mV are achieved on 111-orientated substrate. The FTIR and XPS results indicate that the a-SiOx:H network consists of SiOx(Si-rich), Si–OH, Si–O–SiHx, SiO2 ≡ Si–Si, and O3 ≡ Si–Si. A passivation evolution mechanism is proposed to explain the different passivation results on different c-Si wafers. By modulating the a-SiOx:H layer, the planar silicon heterojunction solar cell can achieve an efficiency of 18.15%.
文摘The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigated. A series of hypotheses were developed aiming at presenting a conceptual framework to clarify how market orientation contributes to product innovation performance-moderated by the degree of product innovativeness and affected by the interdepartmental integration. Survey data from 36 business units were analyzed based on the respondents in the research. The statistic results suggest a substantial positive effect of market orientation on product innovation performance. Under the condition of incremental innovativeness among the samples, the more innovative the product is, the more improvements in product innovation performance would be achieved. A variety of particular interdepartmental integration mechanisms have been certified to lend more supports to establishing market orientation and improving product innovation performance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52065036,52365018)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu(23JRRA760,24JRRA175,25JRRA060)+1 种基金Hongliu Outstanding Youth Foundation of Lanzhou University of TechnologyLeading Innovative Talents Project of Changzhou(CQ20210111)。
文摘To elucidate the deformation mechanisms ofγ-TiAl,the nanoindentation experiments and crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE)simulation were employed to investigate the effects of crystal orientations and GBs on the mechanical properties ofγ-TiAl alloys.A crystal plasticity constitutive model was developed,and load-displacement curves,hardness,and Young's modulus were obtained for both single grains and GBs inγ-TiAl alloys.Based on the aforementioned model,this study investigated the distribution patterns of surface morphology around the indentation sites of individual grain and GBs.It also analyzed the cumulative shear strain distribution,slip system activation,and the interaction between GBs and dislocation slip for various crystal orientations.The results indicate that the mechanical response and pileup behavior exhibit significant anisotropy due to the interplay among the indenter geometry,material slip systems,and cumulative shear strain distribution.Moreover,the interaction between GBs and dislocation slip substantially alters dislocation distribution,thereby influencing material flow and playing a critical role in the mechanical response and plastic deformation of the material.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51504138,51674118,52271177)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023JJ50181)Supported by State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(P2024-022)。
文摘To explore the formation mechanism of anisotropy in Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM),the compressive mechanical properties,microhardness,microstructure,and crystallographic orientation of the alloy across different planes were investigated.The anisotropy of SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V alloys was analyzed,and the electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to investigate the influence of different grain types and orientations on the stress-strain distribution at various scales.Results reveal that in room-temperature compression tests at a strain rate of 10^(-3) s^(-1),both the compressive yield strength and microhardness vary along the deposition direction,indicating a certain degree of mechanical property anisotropy.The alloy exhibits a columnar microstructure;along the deposition direction,the grains appear equiaxed,and they have internal hexagonal close-packed(hcp)α/α'martensitic structure.α'phase has a preferential orientation approximately along the<0001>direction.Anisotropy arises from the high aspect ratio of columnar grains,along with the weak texture of the microstructure and low symmetry of the hcp crystal structure.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRF-KST-25-001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L253029)。
文摘In the context of the global energy low-carbon transition,phase change energy storage technology becomes a key technology to solve the problem of intermittent renewable energy.Oriented phase change composites(OCPCMs)receive widespread attention in practical energy storage applications due to their unique oriented thermally conductive structure,which achieves significant thermal conductivity enhancement in specific directions while retaining the high energy storage capacity of the phase change components.This review systematically summarizes the overall analysis of OCPCMs from synthesis and preparation to application scenarios in recent years.Herein,we introduce the analysis of the heat transfer mechanism of the materials and explore the advantages of the oriented structure in OCPCMs in the heat transfer behavior from a bionic perspective.We then focus on summarizing and generalizing the methods for preparing OCPCMs,giving suggestions for suitable methods according to different scenarios.Besides,we discuss the application of finite element simulation methods to the monitoring of the thermal management behavior of OCPCMs,and look into the potential future application areas of such materials.Finally,it is hoped that this review will provide guidance for the academic community in developing high-performance OCPCMs.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province in China(2508085MF166)Research Fund of Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine(2024zh-03)+2 种基金Key Scientific Research Foundation of Education Department of Anhui Province(2023AH040083)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12404353)Cultivation Project of Training Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Universities of Anhui Province(DTR2023013).
文摘Optical tweezers technology has the characteristics of noncontact manipulation in three dimensions and steerable separation in solutions,and could be applied to obtain a separated sperm with high quality for intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).However,the effects of optical tweezers on sperm motility are still unclear.To elucidate the effects on sperm motility for optical tweezers,we systematically investigated the correlation between motility parameters and the parameters of optical tweezers(wavelength,power,trapping duration,and trapping orientation).Under three systems of optical tweezers with different laser wavelengths(1064,850,and 785 nm),the nine motility parameters of free swimming were mainly affected by trapping orientation(vertical/horizontal)and trapping duration.When 850 nm laser and 1064 nm laser are used,vertical trapping significantly reduces sperm free-swimming capability with prolonged exposure time,whereas horizontal trapping exhibits relatively minor interference on sperm motility.Notably,the 785 nm laser does not induce statistically significant changes in key parameters of sperm motility under any experimental conditions(trapping orientation and duration).For the rolling frequency of trapped sperm,horizontal trapping for three wavelengths has a negligible effect compared with vertical trapping,especially for the 785 nm laser.In conclusion,horizontal trapping can preserve sperm motility under low power(below 140mW at 1064 nm,below 100mW at 850nm,below 60mW at 785 nm)and short duration(below 4 min).This trapping duration is suffcient for the separation procedure of single live sperm in ICSI.This study provides critical parameter optimization guidelines for the safe application of optical tweezers technology in reproductive medicine.
基金supported by startup funding from Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
文摘Zinc oxide(ZnO)films,as representative piezoelectric semiconductors,have garnered considerable interest in ultrasonic testing.Current research challenges include maintaining the consistency of continuous c-axis orientation and determining the fundamental link between the electrical structure and piezoelectric response.Accordingly,we have proposed ZnO films incorporated with an orientation-inducing layer(OIL),utilizing orientation induction and rapid deposition technology to regulate the growth structure of the ZnO films.Furthermore,the influence of the competitive mechanism between the film growth and lateral diffusion on the film's growth structure has been investigated.Piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM)analysis demonstrated the regulation and enhancement of ZnO piezoelectric polarization by the OIL.The enhancement mechanism of OIL on film performance was revealed via experimental examination of the film structure,morphology,crystallization orientation,oxygen vacancies,carrier concentration,band structure,and density of states based on density functional theory(DFT).Benefiting from the superior electromechanical response of the ZnO OIL sensor,characterized by fast response recovery times of 2.4 ms/7.7 ms and a sensitivity of 1.09 V/N,the device has successfully demonstrated practical applications in both motion pressure detection and bolt axial force measurement.These findings provide new insights into the ultrasonic detection for aerospace applications of ZnO OIL piezoelectric devices and demonstrate significant potential for health monitoring in connection systems.
基金supported by 2024 The Basic Ability Improvement Project for Young and Middle-aged Teachers of Colleges and Universities in Guangxi(No.2024KY0165)2024 Guangxi Minzu University General Research Project(Humanities and Social Sciences Category,No.2024MDSKYB20)2022 Annual Teaching and Research Project of Shiyuan College of Nanning Normal University(No.2022JY13).
文摘Objectives:Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)represents a prominent and escalating concern within mental health,associated with considerable psychological and physical dangers.Peer victimization is identified as a significant predictor of NSSI behavior.Although prior research has explored the association between peer victimization and NSSI,the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain insufficiently understood.Utilizing social information processing theory frameworks,the present study seeks to examine the sequential mediating roles of a cognitive factor,future orientation,and a behavioral factor,social withdrawal,in middle school students.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was administered in China,involving 528 participants(261 females and 267 males;Meanage=13.71,standard deviation[SD]=0.93).Participants completed self-report measures assessing peer victimization via the Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student Version,NSSI via the Adolescents Self-Harm Scale,future orientation via the Adolescent Future Orientation Questionnaire,and social withdrawal via the Social Withdrawal Questionnaire.Results:Findings indicated a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and NSSI(r=0.30,p<0.01).Additionally,future orientation and social withdrawal functioned as serial mediators,with an indirect effect of 0.01(95%CI:[0.01,0.02]),representing 2.70%of the total effect(𝛽=0.37,95%CI:[0.25,0.47]).Conclusions:The findings endorse a theoretical framework in which negative future outlook and social withdrawal are sequentially linked within the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI.Although the serial indirect effect observed is modest,it delineates a distinct associative pattern that characterizes adolescents subjected to victimization.These results carry practical significance for school-based intervention programs,indicating that targeting future perspectives and social connections may enhance strategies for preventing NSSI.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1200203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52371097,51922026,52301136)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.X2025003201,N25QNR005 and N25ZLE004)the Youth Science Foundation Project(Category A)of Liaoning Province(No.2025JH6/101100006).
文摘Magnesium alloys usually exhibit poor ductility because of their limited slip systems at room temperature.To overcome this intrinsic limitation,heterostructure design has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing their mechanical performance,yet the development of orientation-based heterogeneous magnesium alloys remains relatively unexplored.In this work,by varying the triaxial cyclic compression(TCC)applied to an extruded Mg-2.9Y(wt.%)alloy,we obtained two materials that possessed comparable bimodal grain-size characteristics but showed notable differences in orientation heterogeneity.The material processed by TCC along three orthogonal directions for five complete cycles exhibited a predominantly hard orientation,with hard refined grains embedded within coarse grains of the same hard orientation.By applying an additional compression to plane A,the other material mainly comprising the soft orientation was obtained,with hard-oriented refined grains embedded in soft-oriented coarse grains.These materials exhibited quite different tensile properties and work hardening abilities.By combining microstructural characterization and crystal plasticity modeling,deformation micromechanism of the materials under tensile loading was explored.In the former,poor deformation coordination between the different domains led to strain localization in the refined grain region.However,the latter experienced a significant orientation transition due to tensile twinning.This promoted non-basalslip and improved deformation compatibility,resulting in the more persistent hetero-deformation induced hardening.These findings provide fundamental insights into the micromechanical behavior of heterostructured alloys and offer a new strategy for designing high-performance hexagonal close-packed materials by introducing heterogeneous orientation distributions.
基金Funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3806100)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.52278269,52278268,52178264,and 52108238)+2 种基金the Tianjin Outstanding Young Scholars Science Fund Project(No.22JCJQJC00020)the Key Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.23JCZDJC00430)the Joint Research Center of China and Foreign Countries Special Fund of Tianjin Innovation Platform(No.24PTLYHZ00240)。
文摘Sporosarcina pasteurii was employed as the strain,with an in-situ magnetization construction,to obtain magnetic microorganisms and oriented self-healing mortar specimens based on them.The magnetic field was used to achieve the directional migration of magnetic microorganisms during the oriented selfhealing of mortar cracks,improving the rate of self-healing of cracks.The experimental results demonstrate that the magnetic microorganisms are composed of Fe_(3)O_(4)nanosheets attached to the surface of Sporosarcina pasteurii,whose mineralization products are comprised of vaterite primarily.Compared with the pure microbial group,the magnetic microbial group exhibits a faster repair rate,shortening the repair time required to achieve an area repair efficiency of over 90%from 28 days to 14 days,thereby doubling the repair rate.Meanwhile,the area repair efficiency of the magnetic microbial group at 7,14,and 28 days are increased by 50.3%,11.2%,and 4.6%,respectively,compared to the pure microbial group,which are due to the magnetic microorganisms'superior directional migration and mineralization ability,exceeding that of the ordinary microorganisms.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2019-VII-0019-0161 and No.2019-VII-0004-0144)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92360302)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZR2021QE103)。
文摘Turbine blades,due to their intricate geometry,are exposed to multiaxial stresses during operation.Consequently,it is imperative to examine the anisotropy of their stress-rupture behavior across various testing scenarios,particularly under high-temperature conditions.Stress-rupture behavior of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy was investigated under a load varying from 100 MPa to 137 MPa at 1,100℃ for both[001]-and[111]-orientated specimens.Results demonstrate that the rupture behavior of[111]-orientated specimens exhibits obviously higher sensitive to applied stress compared to[001]-orientated specimens.This difference is primarily attributed to the orientation dependentγ'coarsening behavior and distinct dislocation interactions atγ/γ'interfaces.In[001]-oriented specimens,plate-likeγ/γ'rafts rapidly form alongside well-developed interfacial dislocation networks,where theγ/γ'misfit stress dominates the microstructural evolution.In contrast,the[111]-orientated specimens exhibit retained,coarsenedγ'precipitates embedded within theγmatrix,accompanied by poorly developed interfacial dislocation networks.
基金supported by grants from Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2021A1515012335)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.11274400)+2 种基金Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(Grant No.201506010059)State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies(Sun Yat-Sen University)(Grant No.OEMT-2024-ZTS-01)State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics(Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics)。
文摘Laser-induced periodic surface structures(LIPSS)have gained increasing attention in the field of micro/nano fabrication,although achieving sub-100-nm period LIPSS with high uniformity remains a significant challenge.In this work,towards deep-subwavelength LIPSS on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG),we demonstrate that ultra-uniform nanogratings of sub-50-nm periods and near-10-nm groove widths can be stably prepared via 800-nm femtosecond laser scanning irradiation with a high-NA objective lens under water immersion.The resulting nanogratings of strong polarization dependence,exhibiting exceptional surface flatness,period stability,and structural integrity,tend to appear at near-damage-threshold fluence regime with an appropriate effective pulse number.It turns out that the water immersion condition can significantly reduce the thermal effects of femtosecond laser ablation on HOPG,and thus via a mild,incubation-like scanning ablation process occurring in the nanogrooves with a continuous or jumping manner,this deep-subwavelength grating can achieve robust elongation growth,ensuring its long-range uniformity as well as minimal deposited debris and structural defects.Interestingly,the different incubation extension mechanisms for the mutually perpendicular and parallel settings between scanning direction and laser polarization bring not only distinct effective-pulse-number windows and somewhat different grating qualities,but also different extension stabilities in nanograting stitching via overlapping scanning lines and thus the optimal scanning strategy of parallel setting for large-area processing.In short,this study presents a convenient laser-processing approach for high precision fabrication of sub-50-nm gratings on HOPG,which would provide new insights into micro/nano-fabrication for optoelectronic metasurfaces and physics of the interaction between ultrafast laser and graphite.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3009400).
文摘Discontinuities in rock masses critically impact the stability and safety of underground engineering.Mainstream discontinuities identificationmethods,which rely on normal vector estimation and clustering algorithms,suffer from accuracy degradation,omission of critical discontinuities when orientation density is unevenly distributed,and need manual intervention.To overcome these limitations,this paper introduces a novel discontinuities identificationmethod based on geometric feature analysis of rock mass.By analyzing spatial distribution variability of point cloud and integrating an adaptive region growing algorithm,the method accurately detects independent discontinuities under complex geological conditions.Given that rock mass orientations typically follow a Fisher distribution,an adaptive hierarchical clustering algorithm based on statistical analysis is employed to automatically determine the optimal number of structural sets,eliminating the need for preset clusters or thresholds inherent in traditional methods.The proposed approach effectively handles diverse rock mass shapes and sizes,leveraging both local and global geometric features to minimize noise interference.Experimental validation on three real-world rock mass models,alongside comparisons with three conventional directional clustering algorithms,demonstrates superior accuracy and robustness in identifying optimal discontinuity sets.The proposed method offers a reliable and efficienttool for discontinuities detection and grouping in underground engineering,significantlyenhancing design and construction outcomes.
文摘In Wuhu,urban renewal has not only transformed the development process,but improved people’s lives.DURING the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),urban renewal has served as a crucial measure to promote high-quality urban development and continuously meet people’s growing aspirations for a better life.Wuhu,in central China’s Anhui Province,has consistently enhanced its urban functions and services to build a modern,people-oriented city that is innovative,livable,beautiful,resilient,and smart.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.JQ2022E004)。
文摘To investigate the evolution of grain orientation and slip modes in magnesium alloys with multiple texture components,an AZ31 gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheet was fabricated using hard plate rolling(HPR).The changes in texture and slip modes under different reductions were examined.The results demonstrate that the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets display a self-epitaxial gradient structure,with the best mechanical properties observed at rolling temperature of 673 K and reduction of 50%.Significant changes in texture type and strength are observed along the normal direction(ND)of the sheet.The coarse-grain region exhibits a bimodal texture aligned with the rolling direction.These texture variations enhance the stress distribution at the fine grain-coarse grain interface,influencing the grain orientation and the activation of different slip modes,thus improving the mechanical properties of gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheets.This approach offers a new strategy for the fabrication of high-performance magnesium alloy sheets.
基金supported by the Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Initiative(202423i08050051)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2408085MB029)+1 种基金the HFIPS Director’s Fund(YZJJGGZX202201)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(B2024402018)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are currently confronted with the challenge of achieving long-term cyclic stability under high current densities.This issue is primarily attributed to the excessive growth of dendrites and the occurrence of significant side reactions.Herein,sucralose(SCL),as an electrolyte additive,has been used to promote the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.The introduction of SCL can adjust the Zn~(2+)nucleation and diffusion along different crystal facets,promoting the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.By substituting water molecules in the[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]~(2+),SCL reconfigures the hydrogen bond network in the electrolyte,reconstructing the solvation structure and suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction.Consequently,the Zn//Zn symmetric battery exhibits long-term cycling stability of over 4900 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)-1 mAh cm^(-2).Even at a harsh condition of 30 mA cm^(-2)-30 mAh cm^(-2)(DOD=73.3%),it can stably cycle for 171 h.The CE of the Zn//Cu half battery reaches 99.61% at 0.2 mA cm^(-2)with 0.2 mAh cm^(-2).Employing the optimized electrolyte,after 500 cycles,a high specific capacity of 420 mAh g^(-1)can be retained for the NH_4V_4O_(10)//Zn full battery at 500 mA g^(-1),corresponding to a capacity retention of 90.7%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11804348,11775056,11975154,12225505,and 12405281)the Science Challenge(Project No.TZ2018005)+2 种基金supported by the Shanghai Pujiang Program(Grant No.23PJ1414600)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB0890203)supported by the Accelerator Technology Helmholtz Infrastructure consortium ATHENA.
文摘The effects of initial spin orientation on the final electron beam polarization in laser wakefield acceleration in a pre-polarized plasma are investigated theoretically and numerically.From the results of variation of the initial spin direction,the spin dynamics of the electron beam are found to depend on the self-injection mechanism.The effects of wakefields and laser fields are studied using test particle dynamics and particle-in-cell simulations based on the Thomas-Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation.Compared with transverse injection,longitudinal injection is found to be preferable for obtaining a highly polarized electron beam.
