Zirconium,prized for its exceptional corrosion resistance,high melting point,and unique nuclear properties,plays a critical role in multiple industrial sectors globally.Zirconium deposits are categorized into endogene...Zirconium,prized for its exceptional corrosion resistance,high melting point,and unique nuclear properties,plays a critical role in multiple industrial sectors globally.Zirconium deposits are categorized into endogenetic and exogenetic types in China.Endogenetic deposits-including alkaline rock-,alkaline granite-,and pegmatite-type mineralizations-predominantly occur along the Tarim Craton’s northern margin,the North China Craton,the southern Greater Khingan metallogenic belt,and the Yangtze Craton’s western margin.Exogenetic deposits,comprising clastic sedimentary,weathering crust,and fragmentation types,are concentrated in South China’s coastal zones.Endogenetic mineralization formed during Permian-Cretaceous magmatic-hydrothermal events linked to evolved alkaline granitic systems,while exogenetic deposits developed in Quaternary periods through weathering of zirconium-rich protoliths.However,economic extraction of endogenetic deposits remains constrained by rare earth element(REE)associations and radioactive complexities.Currently,China’s most economically significant reserves derive from clastic sedimentary systems,particularly coastal placer deposits.This study systematically synthesizes the spatial distribution and metallogenic mechanisms of Chinese zirconium deposits,offering strategic insights for resource exploration and sustainable utilization.展开更多
In this paper,C1,1 regularity for solutions to the degenerate dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem is considered.The dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem is a generalization of the Lp dual Minkowski problem in convex geometry.The p...In this paper,C1,1 regularity for solutions to the degenerate dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem is considered.The dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem is a generalization of the Lp dual Minkowski problem in convex geometry.The proof is adapted from Guan-Li[17]and Chen-Tu-Wu-Xiang[11].展开更多
This paper is a continuation of recent work by Guo-Xiang-Zheng[10].We deduce the sharp Morrey regularity theory for weak solutions to the fourth order nonhomogeneous Lamm-Rivière equation △^{2}u=△(V▽u)+div(w▽...This paper is a continuation of recent work by Guo-Xiang-Zheng[10].We deduce the sharp Morrey regularity theory for weak solutions to the fourth order nonhomogeneous Lamm-Rivière equation △^{2}u=△(V▽u)+div(w▽u)+(▽ω+F)·▽u+f in B^(4),under the smallest regularity assumptions of V,ω,ω,F,where f belongs to some Morrey spaces.This work was motivated by many geometrical problems such as the flow of biharmonic mappings.Our results deepens the Lp type regularity theory of[10],and generalizes the work of Du,Kang and Wang[4]on a second order problem to our fourth order problems.展开更多
We consider a generalized form of the porous medium equation where the porosity ϕis a function of time t: ϕ=ϕ(x,t): ∂(ϕS)∂t−∇⋅(k(S)∇S)=Q(S).In many works, the porosity ϕis either assumed to be independent of (or to de...We consider a generalized form of the porous medium equation where the porosity ϕis a function of time t: ϕ=ϕ(x,t): ∂(ϕS)∂t−∇⋅(k(S)∇S)=Q(S).In many works, the porosity ϕis either assumed to be independent of (or to depend very little of) the time variable t. In this work, we want to study the case where it does depend on t(and xas well). For this purpose, we make a change of unknown function V=ϕSin order to obtain a saturation-like (advection-diffusion) equation. A priori estimates and regularity results are established for the new equation based in part on what is known from the saturation equation, when ϕis independent of the time t. These results are then extended to the full saturation equation with time-dependent porosity ϕ=ϕ(x,t). In this analysis, we make explicitly the dependence of the various constants in the estimates on the porosity ϕby the introduced transport vector w, through the change of unknown function. Also we do not assume zero-flux boundary, but we carry the analysis for the case Q≡0.展开更多
In this manuscript,we consider two kinds of the Fokker-Planck-type systems in the whole space.The first part involves proving the global existence and the algebraic time decay rates of the mild solutions to the Fokker...In this manuscript,we consider two kinds of the Fokker-Planck-type systems in the whole space.The first part involves proving the global existence and the algebraic time decay rates of the mild solutions to the Fokker-Planck-Boltzmann equation near Maxwellians if initial data satisfies some smallness in the function space L_(k)^(1)L_(T)^(∞)L_(v)^(2)∩L_(k)^(p)L_(T)^(∞)L_(v)^(2).The second part proves the global existence of the mild solutions to the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck system in the function space L_(k)^(1)L_(T)^(∞)L_(v)^(2),and we also obtain the exponential time decay rates,which are different from the algebraic time decay rates of the Fokker-Planck-Boltzmann equation.Our analysis is based on Lk1LT∞Lv2function space introduced by Duan et al.(Comm Pure Appl Math,2021,74:932-1020),the L_(k)^(1)∩L_(k)^(p) approach developed by Duan et al.(SIAM J Math Anal,2024,56:762-800),and the coercivity property of the Fokker-Planck operator.However,it is worth pointing out that the L_(k)^(1)∩L_(k)^(p)approach is not required for the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck system,due to the influence of the electric field term,which is different from the Fokker-Planck-Boltzmann equation in this paper and in the work of Duan et al.(SIAM J Math Anal,2024,56:762-800).展开更多
This paper examines the occurrence regularity and comprehensive prevention and control techniques for sunflower downy mildew.It provides a detailed discussion of the pathogens,symptoms,and associated risks,as well as ...This paper examines the occurrence regularity and comprehensive prevention and control techniques for sunflower downy mildew.It provides a detailed discussion of the pathogens,symptoms,and associated risks,as well as the transmission pathways,underlying causes,and prevention and control techniques related to sunflower downy mildew.The aim is to offer valuable references and technical guidance for the effective management of this disease.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to understand the occurrence and damage regularity of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha in Huadu District of Guangzhou.[Methods]The damage status of M.micranthFa in different forest lands ...[Objectives]The paper was to understand the occurrence and damage regularity of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha in Huadu District of Guangzhou.[Methods]The damage status of M.micranthFa in different forest lands and its annual growth dynamics were investigated by field investigation.[Results]With the change of canopy density from low to high,the occurrence degree of M.micrantha changed from high to low.The occurrence degree of M.micrantha in different forest land types was:abandoned orchard>wasteland>roadside greenbelt>waterside>forest edge>normally managed orchard.[Conclusions]M.micrantha enters the rapid growth period from March to May in spring,with the growth rate gradually slowing down after June.The result provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention and control of M.micrantha.展开更多
This paper considers the regularity of solutions to mixed boundary value problems in small-angle regions for elliptic equations. By constructing a specific barrier function, we proved that under the assumption of suff...This paper considers the regularity of solutions to mixed boundary value problems in small-angle regions for elliptic equations. By constructing a specific barrier function, we proved that under the assumption of sufficient regularity of boundary conditions and coefficients, as long as the angle is sufficiently small, the regularity of the solution to the mixed boundary value problem of the second-order elliptic equation can reach any order.展开更多
Hyperbolic conservation laws arise in the context of continuum physics,and are mathematically presented in differential form and understood in the distributional(weak)sense.The formal application of the Gauss-Green th...Hyperbolic conservation laws arise in the context of continuum physics,and are mathematically presented in differential form and understood in the distributional(weak)sense.The formal application of the Gauss-Green theorem results in integral balance laws,in which the concept of flux plays a central role.This paper addresses the spacetime viewpoint of the flux regularity,providing a rigorous treatment of integral balance laws.The established Lipschitz regularity of fluxes(over time intervals)leads to a consistent flux approximation.Thus,fully discrete finite volume schemes of high order may be consistently justified with reference to the spacetime integral balance laws.展开更多
The finite volume method was applied to numerically simulate the bottom pressure field induced by regular waves,vehicles in calm water and vehicles in regular waves.The solution of Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations in the v...The finite volume method was applied to numerically simulate the bottom pressure field induced by regular waves,vehicles in calm water and vehicles in regular waves.The solution of Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations in the vicinity of numerical wave tank's boundary was forced towards the wave theoretical solution by incorporating momentum source terms,thereby reducing adverse effects such as wave reflection.Simulations utilizing laminar flow,turbulent flow,and ideal fluid models were all found capable of effectively capturing the waveform and bottom pressure of regular waves,agreeing well with experimental data.In predicting the bottom pressure field of the submerged vehicle,turbulent simulations considering fluid viscosity and boundary layer development provided more accurate predictions for the stern region than inviscid simulations.Due to sphere's diffractive effect,the sphere's bottom pressure field in waves is not a linear superposition of the wave's and the sphere's bottom pressure field.However,a slender submerged vehicle exhibits a weaker diffractive effect on waves,thus the submerged vehicle's bottom pressure field in waves can be approximated as a linear superposition of the wave's and the submerged vehicle's bottom pressure field,which simplifies computation and analysis.展开更多
This paper delves into the baseline design under the baseline parameterization model in experimental design, focusing on the relationship between the K-aberration criterion and the word length pattern (WLP) of regular...This paper delves into the baseline design under the baseline parameterization model in experimental design, focusing on the relationship between the K-aberration criterion and the word length pattern (WLP) of regular two-level designs. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the relationship between K5and the WLP for regular two-level designs with resolution t=3, and proposes corresponding theoretical results. These results not only theoretically reveal the connection between the orthogonal parameterization model and the baseline parameterization model but also provide theoretical support for finding the K-aberration optimal regular two-level baseline designs. It demonstrates how to apply these theories to evaluate and select the optimal experimental designs. In practical applications, experimental designers can utilize the theoretical results of this paper to quickly assess and select regular two-level baseline designs with minimal K-aberration by analyzing the WLP of the experimental design. This allows for the identification of key factors that significantly affect the experimental outcomes without frequently changing the factor levels, thereby maximizing the benefits of the experiment.展开更多
Controversy is ongoing regarding the relationship between ore formation and the structural evolution of the Hadamengou gold deposit.To address this issue,we conducted a comprehensive investigation of mineralization-re...Controversy is ongoing regarding the relationship between ore formation and the structural evolution of the Hadamengou gold deposit.To address this issue,we conducted a comprehensive investigation of mineralization-related structures,geochronology and Fe isotopes.From the perspective of spatial evolution,hydrothermal fluids originating from the Shadegai and Xishadegai plutons have extracted accumulated ore-forming elements from the Wulashan Group(Ar2WL)and then evolved,initiating at Exploration Line 11 and migrating eastwards and westwards along the EW-trending thrust fault system to form orebodies.From the temporal evolution standpoint,the Wulashan Group(Ar_(2)WL)experienced diagenesis(2591.00 Ma to 2204.00 Ma)and metamorphism(2074.00 Ma to 1625.00 Ma)from late Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic,when ore-forming materials were initially accumulated;in the early Paleozoic(440.71 Ma to 425.00 Ma),the collision led to the formation of early-stage EW-trending imbricated thrust faults,which established a fundamental structural framework for the orefield and further accumulated ore-forming materials;from the late Paleozoic to the Mesozoic,multiple subsequent episodes of regional tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal events have superimposed,modified and reactivated the thrust fault system.Notably,the Triassic period,particularly between 245.00 Ma and 217.90 Ma,is considered to be a primary ore-forming stage.In summary,the intricate relationship between ore-formation and structural evolution has been fundamentally elucidated.展开更多
In this study,we present a deterministic convergence analysis of Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)networks enhanced by a smoothing L_(1)regularization technique.While GRU architectures effectively mitigate gradient vanishing/...In this study,we present a deterministic convergence analysis of Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)networks enhanced by a smoothing L_(1)regularization technique.While GRU architectures effectively mitigate gradient vanishing/exploding issues in sequential modeling,they remain prone to overfitting,particularly under noisy or limited training data.Traditional L_(1)regularization,despite enforcing sparsity and accelerating optimization,introduces non-differentiable points in the error function,leading to oscillations during training.To address this,we propose a novel smoothing L_(1)regularization framework that replaces the non-differentiable absolute function with a quadratic approximation,ensuring gradient continuity and stabilizing the optimization landscape.Theoretically,we rigorously establish threekey properties of the resulting smoothing L_(1)-regularizedGRU(SL_(1)-GRU)model:(1)monotonic decrease of the error function across iterations,(2)weak convergence characterized by vanishing gradients as iterations approach infinity,and(3)strong convergence of network weights to fixed points under finite conditions.Comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets-spanning function approximation,classification(KDD Cup 1999 Data,MNIST),and regression tasks(Boston Housing,Energy Efficiency)-demonstrate SL_(1)-GRUs superiority over baseline models(RNN,LSTM,GRU,L_(1)-GRU,L2-GRU).Empirical results reveal that SL_(1)-GRU achieves 1.0%-2.4%higher test accuracy in classification,7.8%-15.4%lower mean squared error in regression compared to unregularized GRU,while reducing training time by 8.7%-20.1%.These outcomes validate the method’s efficacy in balancing computational efficiency and generalization capability,and they strongly corroborate the theoretical calculations.The proposed framework not only resolves the non-differentiability challenge of L_(1)regularization but also provides a theoretical foundation for convergence guarantees in recurrent neural network training.展开更多
Absorption compensation is a process involving the exponential amplification of reflection amplitudes.This process amplifies the seismic signal and noise,thereby substantially reducing the signal-tonoise ratio of seis...Absorption compensation is a process involving the exponential amplification of reflection amplitudes.This process amplifies the seismic signal and noise,thereby substantially reducing the signal-tonoise ratio of seismic data.Therefore,this paper proposes a multichannel inversion absorption compensation method based on structure tensor regularization.First,the structure tensor is utilized to extract the spatial inclination of seismic signals,and the spatial prediction filter is designed along the inclination direction.The spatial prediction filter is then introduced into the regularization condition of multichannel inversion absorption compensation,and the absorption compensation is realized under the framework of multichannel inversion theory.The spatial predictability of seismic signals is also introduced into the objective function of absorption compensation inversion.Thus,the inversion system can effectively suppress the noise amplification effect during absorption compensation and improve the recovery accuracy of high-frequency signals.Synthetic and field data tests are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Energy resolution calibration is crucial for gamma-ray spectral analysis,as measured using a scintillation detector.A locally constrained regularization method was proposed to determine the resolution calibration para...Energy resolution calibration is crucial for gamma-ray spectral analysis,as measured using a scintillation detector.A locally constrained regularization method was proposed to determine the resolution calibration parameters.First,a Monte Carlo simulation model consistent with an actual measurement system was constructed to obtain the energy deposition distribution in the scintillation crystal.Subsequently,the regularization objective function is established based on weighted least squares and additional constraints.Additional constraints were designed using a special weighting scheme based on the incident gamma-ray energies.Subsequently,an intelligent algorithm was introduced to search for the optimal resolution calibration parameters by minimizing the objective function.The most appropriate regularization parameter was determined through mathematical experiments.When the regularization parameter was 30,the calibrated results exhibited the minimum RMSE.Simulations and test pit experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can determine resolution calibration parameters more accurately than the traditional weighted least squares,and the test pit experimental results show that the R-squares between the calibrated and measured spectra are larger than 0.99.The accurate resolution calibration parameters determined by the proposed method lay the foundation for gamma-ray spectral processing and simulation benchmarking.展开更多
Target tracking is an essential task in contemporary computer vision applications.However,its effectiveness is susceptible to model drift,due to the different appearances of targets,which often compromises tracking ro...Target tracking is an essential task in contemporary computer vision applications.However,its effectiveness is susceptible to model drift,due to the different appearances of targets,which often compromises tracking robustness and precision.In this paper,a universally applicable method based on correlation filters is introduced to mitigate model drift in complex scenarios.It employs temporal-confidence samples as a priori to guide the model update process and ensure its precision and consistency over a long period.An improved update mechanism based on the peak side-lobe to peak correlation energy(PSPCE)criterion is proposed,which selects high-confidence samples along the temporal dimension to update temporal-confidence samples.Extensive experiments on various benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a competitive performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods.Especially when the target appearance changes significantly,our method is more robust and can achieve a balance between precision and speed.Specifically,on the object tracking benchmark(OTB-100)dataset,compared to the baseline,the tracking precision of our model improves by 8.8%,8.8%,5.1%,5.6%,and 6.9%for background clutter,deformation,occlusion,rotation,and illumination variation,respectively.The results indicate that this proposed method can significantly enhance the robustness and precision of target tracking in dynamic and challenging environments,offering a reliable solution for applications such as real-time monitoring,autonomous driving,and precision guidance.展开更多
Transfer-based Adversarial Attacks(TAAs)can deceive a victim model even without prior knowledge.This is achieved by leveraging the property of adversarial examples.That is,when generated from a surrogate model,they re...Transfer-based Adversarial Attacks(TAAs)can deceive a victim model even without prior knowledge.This is achieved by leveraging the property of adversarial examples.That is,when generated from a surrogate model,they retain their features if applied to other models due to their good transferability.However,adversarial examples often exhibit overfitting,as they are tailored to exploit the particular architecture and feature representation of source models.Consequently,when attempting black-box transfer attacks on different target models,their effectiveness is decreased.To solve this problem,this study proposes an approach based on a Regularized Constrained Feature Layer(RCFL).The proposed method first uses regularization constraints to attenuate the initial examples of low-frequency components.Perturbations are then added to a pre-specified layer of the source model using the back-propagation technique,in order to modify the original adversarial examples.Afterward,a regularized loss function is used to enhance the black-box transferability between different target models.The proposed method is finally tested on the ImageNet,CIFAR-100,and Stanford Car datasets with various target models,The obtained results demonstrate that it achieves a significantly higher transfer-based adversarial attack success rate compared with baseline techniques.展开更多
To propel the application of a bottom-hinged flap breakwater in real sea conditions,a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics numerical model was conducted to investigate the pitching motion response and wave att...To propel the application of a bottom-hinged flap breakwater in real sea conditions,a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics numerical model was conducted to investigate the pitching motion response and wave attenuation in random waves.First,the flow velocity distribution characteristic of the pitching flap at typical times was summarized.Then,the effects of random wave and flap parameters on the flap’s significant pitching angle amplitude θ_(s) and hydrodynamic coefficients were investigated.The results reveal that θ_(s) and wave reflection coefficient K_(r) values increase with increasing significant wave height Hs,random wave steepnessλs,and flap relative height.As Hs andλs increase,the wave transmission coefficient K_(t) increases while the wave dissipation coefficient K_(d) decreases.Additionally,K_(t) decreases with increasing flap relative height.With increasing equivalent damping coefficient ratio,θ_(s) and K_(t) decrease,while K_(r) and K_(d) increase.The relationships betweenλs and flap relative height on the one hand andθ_(s),K_(r),K_(t),and K_(d) in random waves on the other hand are compared to those in regular waves.Based on the equal incident wave energy and the equal incident wave energy flux,the pitching flap performs better in the wave attenuation capability under random waves than in regular waves.Finally,the dimensionless parameters with respect to random wave and flap were used to derive the K_(r) and K_(t) for-mulae,which were validated with the related data.展开更多
Full waveform inversion is a precise method for parameter inversion,harnessing the complete wavefield information of seismic waves.It holds the potential to intricately characterize the detailed features of the model ...Full waveform inversion is a precise method for parameter inversion,harnessing the complete wavefield information of seismic waves.It holds the potential to intricately characterize the detailed features of the model with high accuracy.However,due to inaccurate initial models,the absence of low-frequency data,and incomplete observational data,full waveform inversion(FWI)exhibits pronounced nonlinear characteristics.When the strata are buried deep,the inversion capability of this method is constrained.To enhance the accuracy and precision of FWI,this paper introduces a novel approach to address the aforementioned challenges—namely,a fractional-order anisotropic total p-variation regularization for full waveform inversion(FATpV-FWI).This method incorporates fractional-order total variation(TV)regularization to construct the inversion objective function,building upon TV regularization,and subsequently employs the alternating direction multiplier method for solving.This approach mitigates the step effect stemming from total variation in seismic inversion,thereby facilitating the reconstruction of sharp interfaces of geophysical parameters while smoothing background variations.Simultaneously,replacing integer-order differences with fractional-order differences bolsters the correlation among seismic data and diminishes the scattering effect caused by integer-order differences in seismic inversion.The outcomes of model tests validate the efficacy of this method,highlighting its ability to enhance the overall accuracy of the inversion process.展开更多
基金supported by Science and technology basic resources survey special project(2022FY101701)China Geological Survey Project(DD2023350).
文摘Zirconium,prized for its exceptional corrosion resistance,high melting point,and unique nuclear properties,plays a critical role in multiple industrial sectors globally.Zirconium deposits are categorized into endogenetic and exogenetic types in China.Endogenetic deposits-including alkaline rock-,alkaline granite-,and pegmatite-type mineralizations-predominantly occur along the Tarim Craton’s northern margin,the North China Craton,the southern Greater Khingan metallogenic belt,and the Yangtze Craton’s western margin.Exogenetic deposits,comprising clastic sedimentary,weathering crust,and fragmentation types,are concentrated in South China’s coastal zones.Endogenetic mineralization formed during Permian-Cretaceous magmatic-hydrothermal events linked to evolved alkaline granitic systems,while exogenetic deposits developed in Quaternary periods through weathering of zirconium-rich protoliths.However,economic extraction of endogenetic deposits remains constrained by rare earth element(REE)associations and radioactive complexities.Currently,China’s most economically significant reserves derive from clastic sedimentary systems,particularly coastal placer deposits.This study systematically synthesizes the spatial distribution and metallogenic mechanisms of Chinese zirconium deposits,offering strategic insights for resource exploration and sustainable utilization.
文摘In this paper,C1,1 regularity for solutions to the degenerate dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem is considered.The dual Orlicz-Minkowski problem is a generalization of the Lp dual Minkowski problem in convex geometry.The proof is adapted from Guan-Li[17]and Chen-Tu-Wu-Xiang[11].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12271296,12271195).
文摘This paper is a continuation of recent work by Guo-Xiang-Zheng[10].We deduce the sharp Morrey regularity theory for weak solutions to the fourth order nonhomogeneous Lamm-Rivière equation △^{2}u=△(V▽u)+div(w▽u)+(▽ω+F)·▽u+f in B^(4),under the smallest regularity assumptions of V,ω,ω,F,where f belongs to some Morrey spaces.This work was motivated by many geometrical problems such as the flow of biharmonic mappings.Our results deepens the Lp type regularity theory of[10],and generalizes the work of Du,Kang and Wang[4]on a second order problem to our fourth order problems.
文摘We consider a generalized form of the porous medium equation where the porosity ϕis a function of time t: ϕ=ϕ(x,t): ∂(ϕS)∂t−∇⋅(k(S)∇S)=Q(S).In many works, the porosity ϕis either assumed to be independent of (or to depend very little of) the time variable t. In this work, we want to study the case where it does depend on t(and xas well). For this purpose, we make a change of unknown function V=ϕSin order to obtain a saturation-like (advection-diffusion) equation. A priori estimates and regularity results are established for the new equation based in part on what is known from the saturation equation, when ϕis independent of the time t. These results are then extended to the full saturation equation with time-dependent porosity ϕ=ϕ(x,t). In this analysis, we make explicitly the dependence of the various constants in the estimates on the porosity ϕby the introduced transport vector w, through the change of unknown function. Also we do not assume zero-flux boundary, but we carry the analysis for the case Q≡0.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11801285,12326337)。
文摘In this manuscript,we consider two kinds of the Fokker-Planck-type systems in the whole space.The first part involves proving the global existence and the algebraic time decay rates of the mild solutions to the Fokker-Planck-Boltzmann equation near Maxwellians if initial data satisfies some smallness in the function space L_(k)^(1)L_(T)^(∞)L_(v)^(2)∩L_(k)^(p)L_(T)^(∞)L_(v)^(2).The second part proves the global existence of the mild solutions to the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck system in the function space L_(k)^(1)L_(T)^(∞)L_(v)^(2),and we also obtain the exponential time decay rates,which are different from the algebraic time decay rates of the Fokker-Planck-Boltzmann equation.Our analysis is based on Lk1LT∞Lv2function space introduced by Duan et al.(Comm Pure Appl Math,2021,74:932-1020),the L_(k)^(1)∩L_(k)^(p) approach developed by Duan et al.(SIAM J Math Anal,2024,56:762-800),and the coercivity property of the Fokker-Planck operator.However,it is worth pointing out that the L_(k)^(1)∩L_(k)^(p)approach is not required for the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck system,due to the influence of the electric field term,which is different from the Fokker-Planck-Boltzmann equation in this paper and in the work of Duan et al.(SIAM J Math Anal,2024,56:762-800).
基金Supported by Wujiaqu City Science and Technology Program Project of the Sixth Division(2214)Science and Technology Research Project in Key Areas of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2024AB014)+4 种基金Financial Program of the Ninth Division(2024JS007)"Strengthening Youth"Science and Technology Innovation Backbone Talent Program of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2023007-06)Key R&D Program of Xinjiang Autonomous Region(2023B02008-1)Excellence Youth Program of the Xinjiang Production and Construction CorpsEarmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-16).
文摘This paper examines the occurrence regularity and comprehensive prevention and control techniques for sunflower downy mildew.It provides a detailed discussion of the pathogens,symptoms,and associated risks,as well as the transmission pathways,underlying causes,and prevention and control techniques related to sunflower downy mildew.The aim is to offer valuable references and technical guidance for the effective management of this disease.
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to understand the occurrence and damage regularity of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha in Huadu District of Guangzhou.[Methods]The damage status of M.micranthFa in different forest lands and its annual growth dynamics were investigated by field investigation.[Results]With the change of canopy density from low to high,the occurrence degree of M.micrantha changed from high to low.The occurrence degree of M.micrantha in different forest land types was:abandoned orchard>wasteland>roadside greenbelt>waterside>forest edge>normally managed orchard.[Conclusions]M.micrantha enters the rapid growth period from March to May in spring,with the growth rate gradually slowing down after June.The result provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention and control of M.micrantha.
文摘This paper considers the regularity of solutions to mixed boundary value problems in small-angle regions for elliptic equations. By constructing a specific barrier function, we proved that under the assumption of sufficient regularity of boundary conditions and coefficients, as long as the angle is sufficiently small, the regularity of the solution to the mixed boundary value problem of the second-order elliptic equation can reach any order.
基金supported by the NSFC(Nos.11771054,12072042,91852207)the Sino-German Research Group Project(No.GZ1465)the National Key Project GJXM92579.
文摘Hyperbolic conservation laws arise in the context of continuum physics,and are mathematically presented in differential form and understood in the distributional(weak)sense.The formal application of the Gauss-Green theorem results in integral balance laws,in which the concept of flux plays a central role.This paper addresses the spacetime viewpoint of the flux regularity,providing a rigorous treatment of integral balance laws.The established Lipschitz regularity of fluxes(over time intervals)leads to a consistent flux approximation.Thus,fully discrete finite volume schemes of high order may be consistently justified with reference to the spacetime integral balance laws.
文摘The finite volume method was applied to numerically simulate the bottom pressure field induced by regular waves,vehicles in calm water and vehicles in regular waves.The solution of Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations in the vicinity of numerical wave tank's boundary was forced towards the wave theoretical solution by incorporating momentum source terms,thereby reducing adverse effects such as wave reflection.Simulations utilizing laminar flow,turbulent flow,and ideal fluid models were all found capable of effectively capturing the waveform and bottom pressure of regular waves,agreeing well with experimental data.In predicting the bottom pressure field of the submerged vehicle,turbulent simulations considering fluid viscosity and boundary layer development provided more accurate predictions for the stern region than inviscid simulations.Due to sphere's diffractive effect,the sphere's bottom pressure field in waves is not a linear superposition of the wave's and the sphere's bottom pressure field.However,a slender submerged vehicle exhibits a weaker diffractive effect on waves,thus the submerged vehicle's bottom pressure field in waves can be approximated as a linear superposition of the wave's and the submerged vehicle's bottom pressure field,which simplifies computation and analysis.
文摘This paper delves into the baseline design under the baseline parameterization model in experimental design, focusing on the relationship between the K-aberration criterion and the word length pattern (WLP) of regular two-level designs. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the relationship between K5and the WLP for regular two-level designs with resolution t=3, and proposes corresponding theoretical results. These results not only theoretically reveal the connection between the orthogonal parameterization model and the baseline parameterization model but also provide theoretical support for finding the K-aberration optimal regular two-level baseline designs. It demonstrates how to apply these theories to evaluate and select the optimal experimental designs. In practical applications, experimental designers can utilize the theoretical results of this paper to quickly assess and select regular two-level baseline designs with minimal K-aberration by analyzing the WLP of the experimental design. This allows for the identification of key factors that significantly affect the experimental outcomes without frequently changing the factor levels, thereby maximizing the benefits of the experiment.
基金the financial support by the Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(92062219)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by BAST(No.BYESS2023411)+2 种基金the Open Research Project from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(GPMR202407)the Geological Survey Project of the China Geological Survey„General survey of Hadamengou Rock Gold Deposit in Inner Mongolia'(DD20191017)the Geological Survey Project(H90063).
文摘Controversy is ongoing regarding the relationship between ore formation and the structural evolution of the Hadamengou gold deposit.To address this issue,we conducted a comprehensive investigation of mineralization-related structures,geochronology and Fe isotopes.From the perspective of spatial evolution,hydrothermal fluids originating from the Shadegai and Xishadegai plutons have extracted accumulated ore-forming elements from the Wulashan Group(Ar2WL)and then evolved,initiating at Exploration Line 11 and migrating eastwards and westwards along the EW-trending thrust fault system to form orebodies.From the temporal evolution standpoint,the Wulashan Group(Ar_(2)WL)experienced diagenesis(2591.00 Ma to 2204.00 Ma)and metamorphism(2074.00 Ma to 1625.00 Ma)from late Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic,when ore-forming materials were initially accumulated;in the early Paleozoic(440.71 Ma to 425.00 Ma),the collision led to the formation of early-stage EW-trending imbricated thrust faults,which established a fundamental structural framework for the orefield and further accumulated ore-forming materials;from the late Paleozoic to the Mesozoic,multiple subsequent episodes of regional tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal events have superimposed,modified and reactivated the thrust fault system.Notably,the Triassic period,particularly between 245.00 Ma and 217.90 Ma,is considered to be a primary ore-forming stage.In summary,the intricate relationship between ore-formation and structural evolution has been fundamentally elucidated.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholarship(No.62025602)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22B2036,11931015)+2 种基金the Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation China(No.171105)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.G2024WD0151)in part by the Tencent Foundation and XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘In this study,we present a deterministic convergence analysis of Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)networks enhanced by a smoothing L_(1)regularization technique.While GRU architectures effectively mitigate gradient vanishing/exploding issues in sequential modeling,they remain prone to overfitting,particularly under noisy or limited training data.Traditional L_(1)regularization,despite enforcing sparsity and accelerating optimization,introduces non-differentiable points in the error function,leading to oscillations during training.To address this,we propose a novel smoothing L_(1)regularization framework that replaces the non-differentiable absolute function with a quadratic approximation,ensuring gradient continuity and stabilizing the optimization landscape.Theoretically,we rigorously establish threekey properties of the resulting smoothing L_(1)-regularizedGRU(SL_(1)-GRU)model:(1)monotonic decrease of the error function across iterations,(2)weak convergence characterized by vanishing gradients as iterations approach infinity,and(3)strong convergence of network weights to fixed points under finite conditions.Comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets-spanning function approximation,classification(KDD Cup 1999 Data,MNIST),and regression tasks(Boston Housing,Energy Efficiency)-demonstrate SL_(1)-GRUs superiority over baseline models(RNN,LSTM,GRU,L_(1)-GRU,L2-GRU).Empirical results reveal that SL_(1)-GRU achieves 1.0%-2.4%higher test accuracy in classification,7.8%-15.4%lower mean squared error in regression compared to unregularized GRU,while reducing training time by 8.7%-20.1%.These outcomes validate the method’s efficacy in balancing computational efficiency and generalization capability,and they strongly corroborate the theoretical calculations.The proposed framework not only resolves the non-differentiability challenge of L_(1)regularization but also provides a theoretical foundation for convergence guarantees in recurrent neural network training.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2018YFA0702504)the Sinopec research project(P22162).
文摘Absorption compensation is a process involving the exponential amplification of reflection amplitudes.This process amplifies the seismic signal and noise,thereby substantially reducing the signal-tonoise ratio of seismic data.Therefore,this paper proposes a multichannel inversion absorption compensation method based on structure tensor regularization.First,the structure tensor is utilized to extract the spatial inclination of seismic signals,and the spatial prediction filter is designed along the inclination direction.The spatial prediction filter is then introduced into the regularization condition of multichannel inversion absorption compensation,and the absorption compensation is realized under the framework of multichannel inversion theory.The spatial predictability of seismic signals is also introduced into the objective function of absorption compensation inversion.Thus,the inversion system can effectively suppress the noise amplification effect during absorption compensation and improve the recovery accuracy of high-frequency signals.Synthetic and field data tests are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41804141)。
文摘Energy resolution calibration is crucial for gamma-ray spectral analysis,as measured using a scintillation detector.A locally constrained regularization method was proposed to determine the resolution calibration parameters.First,a Monte Carlo simulation model consistent with an actual measurement system was constructed to obtain the energy deposition distribution in the scintillation crystal.Subsequently,the regularization objective function is established based on weighted least squares and additional constraints.Additional constraints were designed using a special weighting scheme based on the incident gamma-ray energies.Subsequently,an intelligent algorithm was introduced to search for the optimal resolution calibration parameters by minimizing the objective function.The most appropriate regularization parameter was determined through mathematical experiments.When the regularization parameter was 30,the calibrated results exhibited the minimum RMSE.Simulations and test pit experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can determine resolution calibration parameters more accurately than the traditional weighted least squares,and the test pit experimental results show that the R-squares between the calibrated and measured spectra are larger than 0.99.The accurate resolution calibration parameters determined by the proposed method lay the foundation for gamma-ray spectral processing and simulation benchmarking.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China under Grant No.2025ZNSFSC0522partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61775030 and No.61571096.
文摘Target tracking is an essential task in contemporary computer vision applications.However,its effectiveness is susceptible to model drift,due to the different appearances of targets,which often compromises tracking robustness and precision.In this paper,a universally applicable method based on correlation filters is introduced to mitigate model drift in complex scenarios.It employs temporal-confidence samples as a priori to guide the model update process and ensure its precision and consistency over a long period.An improved update mechanism based on the peak side-lobe to peak correlation energy(PSPCE)criterion is proposed,which selects high-confidence samples along the temporal dimension to update temporal-confidence samples.Extensive experiments on various benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a competitive performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods.Especially when the target appearance changes significantly,our method is more robust and can achieve a balance between precision and speed.Specifically,on the object tracking benchmark(OTB-100)dataset,compared to the baseline,the tracking precision of our model improves by 8.8%,8.8%,5.1%,5.6%,and 6.9%for background clutter,deformation,occlusion,rotation,and illumination variation,respectively.The results indicate that this proposed method can significantly enhance the robustness and precision of target tracking in dynamic and challenging environments,offering a reliable solution for applications such as real-time monitoring,autonomous driving,and precision guidance.
基金supported by the Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(No.ZNJW2022KFZD002)This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant Nos.KJQN202302403,KJQN202303111).
文摘Transfer-based Adversarial Attacks(TAAs)can deceive a victim model even without prior knowledge.This is achieved by leveraging the property of adversarial examples.That is,when generated from a surrogate model,they retain their features if applied to other models due to their good transferability.However,adversarial examples often exhibit overfitting,as they are tailored to exploit the particular architecture and feature representation of source models.Consequently,when attempting black-box transfer attacks on different target models,their effectiveness is decreased.To solve this problem,this study proposes an approach based on a Regularized Constrained Feature Layer(RCFL).The proposed method first uses regularization constraints to attenuate the initial examples of low-frequency components.Perturbations are then added to a pre-specified layer of the source model using the back-propagation technique,in order to modify the original adversarial examples.Afterward,a regularized loss function is used to enhance the black-box transferability between different target models.The proposed method is finally tested on the ImageNet,CIFAR-100,and Stanford Car datasets with various target models,The obtained results demonstrate that it achieves a significantly higher transfer-based adversarial attack success rate compared with baseline techniques.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271295,52088102).
文摘To propel the application of a bottom-hinged flap breakwater in real sea conditions,a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics numerical model was conducted to investigate the pitching motion response and wave attenuation in random waves.First,the flow velocity distribution characteristic of the pitching flap at typical times was summarized.Then,the effects of random wave and flap parameters on the flap’s significant pitching angle amplitude θ_(s) and hydrodynamic coefficients were investigated.The results reveal that θ_(s) and wave reflection coefficient K_(r) values increase with increasing significant wave height Hs,random wave steepnessλs,and flap relative height.As Hs andλs increase,the wave transmission coefficient K_(t) increases while the wave dissipation coefficient K_(d) decreases.Additionally,K_(t) decreases with increasing flap relative height.With increasing equivalent damping coefficient ratio,θ_(s) and K_(t) decrease,while K_(r) and K_(d) increase.The relationships betweenλs and flap relative height on the one hand andθ_(s),K_(r),K_(t),and K_(d) in random waves on the other hand are compared to those in regular waves.Based on the equal incident wave energy and the equal incident wave energy flux,the pitching flap performs better in the wave attenuation capability under random waves than in regular waves.Finally,the dimensionless parameters with respect to random wave and flap were used to derive the K_(r) and K_(t) for-mulae,which were validated with the related data.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024MF750281)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20230326)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation Project of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2025ZNSFSC1170)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023ZYD0158).
文摘Full waveform inversion is a precise method for parameter inversion,harnessing the complete wavefield information of seismic waves.It holds the potential to intricately characterize the detailed features of the model with high accuracy.However,due to inaccurate initial models,the absence of low-frequency data,and incomplete observational data,full waveform inversion(FWI)exhibits pronounced nonlinear characteristics.When the strata are buried deep,the inversion capability of this method is constrained.To enhance the accuracy and precision of FWI,this paper introduces a novel approach to address the aforementioned challenges—namely,a fractional-order anisotropic total p-variation regularization for full waveform inversion(FATpV-FWI).This method incorporates fractional-order total variation(TV)regularization to construct the inversion objective function,building upon TV regularization,and subsequently employs the alternating direction multiplier method for solving.This approach mitigates the step effect stemming from total variation in seismic inversion,thereby facilitating the reconstruction of sharp interfaces of geophysical parameters while smoothing background variations.Simultaneously,replacing integer-order differences with fractional-order differences bolsters the correlation among seismic data and diminishes the scattering effect caused by integer-order differences in seismic inversion.The outcomes of model tests validate the efficacy of this method,highlighting its ability to enhance the overall accuracy of the inversion process.
