The optical soliton characteristics of GaSb-based~2μm wavelength integrated optical chips have broad application prospects in optoelectronic fields such as optical communications,infrared countermeasures,and gas envi...The optical soliton characteristics of GaSb-based~2μm wavelength integrated optical chips have broad application prospects in optoelectronic fields such as optical communications,infrared countermeasures,and gas environment monitoring.In the research of two-section integrated optical chips,more attention is paid to their passive mode-locked characteristics.The ability of its structure to generate stable soliton transmission has not yet been studied,which will limit its further application in high-performance near-mid infrared optoelectronic technology.In this paper,we design and prepare a GaSb-based~2μm wave-length two-section integrated semiconductor laser chip structure,and test and analyze its related properties of soliton,includ-ing power−injection current−voltage(P−I−V),temperature and mode-locked characteristics.Experimental results show that the chip can achieve stable mode-locked operation at nearly~2μm wavelength and present the working characteristics of near opti-cal soliton states and multi-peak optical soliton states.By comparing and analyzing the measured optical pulse sequence curve with the numerical fitting based on the pure fourth order soliton approximation solution,it is confirmed that the two-section integrated optical chip structure can generate stable transmission of multi-peak optical soliton.This provides a research direc-tion for developing near-mid infrared mode-locked integrated optical chips with high-performance property of optical soliton.展开更多
In this paper,a lifted Haar transform(LHT)image compression optical chip has been researched to achieve rapid image compression.The chip comprises 32 same image compression optical circuits,and each circuit contains a...In this paper,a lifted Haar transform(LHT)image compression optical chip has been researched to achieve rapid image compression.The chip comprises 32 same image compression optical circuits,and each circuit contains a 2×2 multimode interference(MMI)coupler and aπ/2 delay line phase shifter as the key components.The chip uses highly borosilicate glass as the substrate,Su8 negative photoresist as the core layer,and air as the cladding layer.Its horizontal and longitudinal dimensions are 8011μm×10000μm.Simulation results present that the designed optical circuit has a coupling ratio(CR)of 0:100 and an insertion loss(IL)of 0.001548 d B.Then the chip is fabricated by femtosecond laser and testing results illustrate that the chip has a CR of 6:94 and an IL of 0.518 d B.So,the prepared chip possesses good image compression performance.展开更多
We present a compact cold atom platform where an optical grating chip and planar coil chip are placed inside a compact vacuum chamber to create a magneto-optical trap.This approach significantly reduces the system vol...We present a compact cold atom platform where an optical grating chip and planar coil chip are placed inside a compact vacuum chamber to create a magneto-optical trap.This approach significantly reduces the system volume to about 20×20×20 cm^(3) compared to conventional vacuum systems and offers greater flexibility in accessing the trapped atoms.We demonstrate the trapping of 3×10^(5) cold rubidium atoms at a temperature of 100μK in a vacuum pressure below 10^(−7) mbar.The simplified optical geometry,low power consumption,and high degree of integration make this a promising platform for portable and versatile cold-atom devices in quantum sensing,timing,and information processing.展开更多
mRNA quantification is very important in molecular biological researches. Traditional spectrophotometric method cannot distinguish DNA, rRNA and tRNA species from mRNA. Northern blot can be used for mRNA quantificatio...mRNA quantification is very important in molecular biological researches. Traditional spectrophotometric method cannot distinguish DNA, rRNA and tRNA species from mRNA. Northern blot can be used for mRNA quantification but is known to be time consuming. To rapidly detect mRNA levels, we developed an optical thin-film biosensor chip based method, to quantify mRNA in samples. After total RNA was extracted, the mRNA with poly（A） tails was reverse transcribed with oligo（dT）20 primers and dNTPs mixed with digoxigenin（DIG）-11-dUTE The transcribed first strand cDNA was hybridized with oligo（dA）20 nucleotide probes spotted on optical thin-film biosensor chips. Excess first strand cDNA, single-strand RNA, and mis-matched DNA/DNA hybrids were removed by washing. The perfect-matched DNA/DNA hybrid was detected with anti-DIG-AP （alkaline phosphatase） conjugate and then incubated with NBT/BCIP substrate for color development. The range of the color is from purplish red to blue, according to the cDNA mass deposited on chip sur- face. Detection of mRNA levels from Arabidopsis samples proved that this method is feasible for mRNA quantification, and has great potential for application in mRNA quantification in various organisms.展开更多
We have presented a three dimensional optical protein chip that fulfills the demanding for point-of-care diagnostics in terms of ease-of-use (one step assay), miniaturization (5 μl). The artful combination of magneti...We have presented a three dimensional optical protein chip that fulfills the demanding for point-of-care diagnostics in terms of ease-of-use (one step assay), miniaturization (5 μl). The artful combination of magnetic nanoparticles on chip and total internal reflection imaging (TIRI) technology permits the sensitive and rapid detection of hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). The whole test was complete within 10 min using “all in one step” assay with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL hs-CRP. The measuring range for hs-CRP could be extended to 10 ng/mL. The chip can also be used to detect more parameters in blood samples.展开更多
A compact structured illumination chip based on integrated optics is proposed and fabricated on a silicon-on- insulator platform. Based on the simulation of Caussian beam interference, we adopt a chirped diffraction g...A compact structured illumination chip based on integrated optics is proposed and fabricated on a silicon-on- insulator platform. Based on the simulation of Caussian beam interference, we adopt a chirped diffraction grating to achieve a specific interference pattern. The experimental results match well with the simulations. The portability and flexibility of the structured illumination chip can be increased greatly through horizontal encapsulation. High levels of integration, compared with the conventional structured illumination approach, make this chip very compact, with a footprint of only around 1 mm2. The chip has no optical lenses and can be easily combined with a microfluidic system. These properties would make the chip very suitable for portable 3D scanner and compact super-resolution microscopy applications.展开更多
Cardiac fibrosis has emerged as the primary cause of morbidity,disability,and even mortality in numerous nations.In light of the advancements in precision medicine strategies,substantial attention has been directed to...Cardiac fibrosis has emerged as the primary cause of morbidity,disability,and even mortality in numerous nations.In light of the advancements in precision medicine strategies,substantial attention has been directed toward the development of a practical and precise drug screening platform customized for individual patients.In this study,we introduce a biomimetic cardiac fibrosis-on-a-chip incorporating structural color hydrogels(SCHs)to enable optical high-throughput drug screening.By cocultivating a substantial proportion of cardiac fibroblasts(CFBs)with cardiomyocytes on the SCH,this biomimetic fibrotic microtissue successfully replicates the structural components and biomechanical properties associated with cardiac fibrosis.More importantly,the structural color shift observed in the SCH can be indicative of cardiac contraction and relaxation,making it a valuable tool for evaluating fibrosis progression.By incorporating such fibrotic microtissue into a microfluidic gradient chip,we develop a biomimetic optical cardiac fibrosis-on-a-chip platform that accurately and efficiently screens potential anti-fibrotic drugs.These characteristics suggest that this microphysiological platform possesses the capability to establish a preclinical framework for screening cardiac drugs,and may even contribute to the advancement ofprecisionmedicine.展开更多
Research in the ocean places high demands on chips'robustness,speed,and energy consumption.Diffractive neural networks(DNNs)enable direct optical image processing at light speed,with great potential for underwater...Research in the ocean places high demands on chips'robustness,speed,and energy consumption.Diffractive neural networks(DNNs)enable direct optical image processing at light speed,with great potential for underwater applications.Here,we experimentally demonstrate a compact DNN chip capable of operating directly in both water and air by multiobjective training and initial training value optimization.The two layers of DNNs are integrated on the two surfaces of a quartz plate,respectively.The chip achieved high accuracies above 90%in recognition tasks for handwritten digits and fashion products.The architecture and material ensure the chip's high stability for long-term underwater use.展开更多
In recent years,space-division multiplexing(SDM)technology,which involves transmitting data information on multiple parallel channels for efficient capacity scaling,has been widely used in fiber and free-space optical...In recent years,space-division multiplexing(SDM)technology,which involves transmitting data information on multiple parallel channels for efficient capacity scaling,has been widely used in fiber and free-space optical communication sys-tems.To enable flexible data management and cope with the mixing between different channels,the integrated reconfig-urable optical processor is used for optical switching and mitigating the channel crosstalk.However,efficient online train-ing becomes intricate and challenging,particularly when dealing with a significant number of channels.Here we use the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm to configure the integrated optical processor,which has less com-putation than the traditional gradient descent(GD)algorithm.We design and fabricate a 6×6 on-chip optical processor on silicon platform to implement optical switching and descrambling assisted by the online training with the SPDG algorithm.Moreover,we apply the on-chip processor configured by the SPGD algorithm to optical communications for optical switching and efficiently mitigating the channel crosstalk in SDM systems.In comparison with the traditional GD al-gorithm,it is found that the SPGD algorithm features better performance especially when the scale of matrix is large,which means it has the potential to optimize large-scale optical matrix computation acceleration chips.展开更多
In this Letter, a pair of integrated optoelectronic transceiving chips is proposed. They are constructed by integrating a vertical cavity surface emitting laser unit above a positive-intrinsic-negative photodetector u...In this Letter, a pair of integrated optoelectronic transceiving chips is proposed. They are constructed by integrating a vertical cavity surface emitting laser unit above a positive-intrinsic-negative photodetector unit. One of the transceiving chips emits light at the wavelength of 848.1 nm with a threshold current of 0.8 mA and a slope efficiency of 0.81 W/A. It receives light between 801 and 814 nm with a quantum efficiency of higher than 70%. On its counterpart, the other one of the transceiving chips emits light at the wavelength of 805.3 nm with a threshold current of 1.1 mA and a slope efficiency of 0.86 W/A. It receives light between 838 and 855 nm with a quantum efficiency of higher than 70%. The proposed pair of integrated optoelectronic transceiving chips can work full-duplex with each other, and they can be applied to single fiber bidirectional optical interconnects.展开更多
Utilizing a high-Q microdisk resonator （MDR） on a single silicon-on-insulator （SOI） chip, a compact microwave photonic filter （MPF） with a continuously tunable central frequency is proposed and experimentally de...Utilizing a high-Q microdisk resonator （MDR） on a single silicon-on-insulator （SOI） chip, a compact microwave photonic filter （MPF） with a continuously tunable central frequency is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Assisted by the optical single side-band （OSSB） modulation, the optical frequency response of the MDR is mapped to the microwave frequency response to form an MPF with a continuously tunable central frequency and a narrow 3-dB bandwidth. In the experiment, using an MDR with a compact size of 20×20 μm^2 and a high Q factor of 1.07×10^5, we obtain a compact MPF with a high rejection ratio of about 40 dB, a 3-dB bandwidth of about 2 GHz, and a frequency tuning range larger than 12 GHz. Our approach may allow the implementation of very compact, low-cost, low-consumption, and integrated notch MPF in a silicon chip.展开更多
We experimentally demonstrate high optical quality factor silica microdisk resonators on a silicon chip with large wedge angles by reactive ion etching. For 2-μm-thick microresonators, we have achieved wedge angles o...We experimentally demonstrate high optical quality factor silica microdisk resonators on a silicon chip with large wedge angles by reactive ion etching. For 2-μm-thick microresonators, we have achieved wedge angles of 59°, 63°,70°, and 79° with optical quality factors of 2.4 × 10~7, 8.1 × 10~6, 5.9 × 10~6, and 7.4 × 10~6, respectively, from ～80 μm diameter microresonators in the 1550 nm wavelength band. Also, for 1-μm-thick microresonators, we have obtained an optical quality factor of 7.3 × 10~6 with a wedge angle of 74°.展开更多
Mode-division multiplexing technology has been proposed as a crucial technique for enhancing communication capacity and alleviating growing communication demands.Optical switching,which is an essential component of op...Mode-division multiplexing technology has been proposed as a crucial technique for enhancing communication capacity and alleviating growing communication demands.Optical switching,which is an essential component of optical communication systems,enables information exchange between channels.However,existing optical switching solutions are inadequate for addressing flexible information exchange among the mode channels.In this study,we introduced a flexible mode switching system in a multimode fibre based on an optical neural network chip.This system utilised the flexibility of on-chip optical neural networks along with an all-fibre orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode multiplexer-demultiplexer to achieve mode switching among the three OAM modes within a multimode fibre.The system adopted an improved gradient descent algorithm to achieve training for arbitrary 3×3 exchange matrices and ensured maximum crosstalk of less than-18.7 dB,thus enabling arbitrary inter-mode channel information exchange.The proposed optical-neural-network-based mode-switching system was experimentally validated by successfully transmitting different modulation formats across various modes.This innovative solution holds promise for providing effective optical switching in practical multimode communication networks.展开更多
Optical neural networks are emerging as a competitive alternative to their electronic counterparts,offering distinct advantages in bandwidth and energy efficiency.Despite these benefits,scaling up on-chip optical neur...Optical neural networks are emerging as a competitive alternative to their electronic counterparts,offering distinct advantages in bandwidth and energy efficiency.Despite these benefits,scaling up on-chip optical neural networks for end-to-end inference is facing significant challenges.First,network depth is constrained by the weak cascadability of optical nonlinear activation functions.Second,the input size is constrained by the scale of the optical matrix.Herein,we propose a scaling up strategy called partially coherent deep optical neural networks(PDONNs).By leveraging an on-chip nonlinear activation function based on opto-electro-opto conversion,PDONN enables network depth expansion with positive net gain.Additionally,convolutional layers achieve rapid dimensionality reduction,thereby allowing for an increase in the accommodated input size.The use of a partially coherent optical source significantly reduces reliance on narrow-linewidth laser diodes and coherent detection.Owing to their broader spectral characteristics and simpler implementation,such sources are more accessible and compatible with scalable integration.Benefiting from these innovations,we designed and fabricated a monolithically integrated optical neural network with the largest input size and the deepest network depth,comprising an input layer with a size of 64,two convolutional layers,and two fully connected layers.We successfully demonstrate end-to-end two-class classification of fashion images and four-class classification of handwritten digits with accuracies of 96%and 94%,respectively,using an in-situ training method.Notably,performance is well maintained with partially coherent illumination.This proposed architecture represents a critical step toward realizing energy-efficient,scalable,and widely accessible optical computing.展开更多
We propose an ultra-simple dual-channel configuration for simultaneously evaluating two branches of a multifunctional integrated optic chip(MFIOC). In the configuration, the MFIOC is employed as a beam splitter to con...We propose an ultra-simple dual-channel configuration for simultaneously evaluating two branches of a multifunctional integrated optic chip(MFIOC). In the configuration, the MFIOC is employed as a beam splitter to construct the demodulation interferometer together with a 2 × 2 fiber coupler. Interference happens between polarization modes traveling through different channels of the MFIOC. The cross-couplings of each channel are respectively characterized by the interference peaks which distribute on opposite sides of the central interference peak. Temperature responses of the MFIOC are experimentally measured from-40°C to 80°C. Results show that the proposed configuration can achieve simultaneous dual-channel transient measurements with resolution of-90 d B and dynamic range of 90 d B. In addition, the two channels of the configuration have consistent measuring performance, and the two branches of the MFIOC have different responses to temperature variation.展开更多
A reverse biased p-n junction diode with proper resonant cavity and boundary conditions is able to generate rf power and shows normal DC and small signal properties designed with semiconductor materials like 4H-SiC, G...A reverse biased p-n junction diode with proper resonant cavity and boundary conditions is able to generate rf power and shows normal DC and small signal properties designed with semiconductor materials like 4H-SiC, GaAs, InP, Si-based DDR IMPATT structure at Ka band with dark condition. But when it is exposed to optical illumination through a proper optical window for both top mounted（TM） and flip chip（FC） configuration,it shows the influence on the oscillator performances in that band of frequency. The simulated results are analyzed for 36 GHz window frequency in each of the diodes and relative differences are found in power output and frequency of all these diodes with variable intensities of illumination. Finally it is found that optical control has immense effect in both FC and TM mode regarding the reduction of output power and shifting of operating frequency from which optimization is done for the best optically sensitive material for IMPATT diode.展开更多
Optical interconnects based on photonic integrated circuits(PICs)are emerging as a pivotal technology to address the relentless surge in data traffic driven by compute-intensive applications.Combining mode-division mu...Optical interconnects based on photonic integrated circuits(PICs)are emerging as a pivotal technology to address the relentless surge in data traffic driven by compute-intensive applications.Combining mode-division multiplexing(MDM)with wavelength-division multiplexing(WDM)offers a compelling approach to significantly enhance the shoreline density of optical interconnects.However,existing on-chip MDM systems encounter considerable challenges in simultaneously achieving a large optical bandwidth,multi-band operation,and ultra-compactness,thereby limiting scalability as conventional telecom band resources become increasingly constrained.Here we introduce,to our knowledge,the first inverse-designed multi-band mode multiplexer(MUX)utilizing a digital metamaterial structure to support the first three-order TE modes.The proposed device features an ultra-compact footprint of 6μm×4.8μm and exhibits an exceptionally flat spectral response,with numerical simulations confirming spectral variations of less than 0.94 dB across the 1500–2100 nm range.Experimental results further validate its performance,demonstrating insertion losses below 4.3 dB and 4.0 dB,and crosstalk below−11.6 dB and−11.3 dB,within the 1525–1585 nm and 1940–2040 nm bands,respectively.Additionally,system-level optical interconnect experiments using a multi-band MDM circuit successfully achieve single-wavelength transmission rates of 3-modes×180 Gb∕s at the 1.55μm band and record-setting 3-modes×114 Gb∕s in the 2μm band.This work highlights the transformative potential of employing multi-band MDM technology to enhance bandwidth density and scalability,providing a robust foundation for next-generation high-capacity on-chip optical interconnects.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62274048,62464006,62174046)the Ministry of Education,Singapore(Grant No.MOE-T2EP50121-0005)+1 种基金Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(Grant No.ZDYF2025GXJS007)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFF0722400).
文摘The optical soliton characteristics of GaSb-based~2μm wavelength integrated optical chips have broad application prospects in optoelectronic fields such as optical communications,infrared countermeasures,and gas environment monitoring.In the research of two-section integrated optical chips,more attention is paid to their passive mode-locked characteristics.The ability of its structure to generate stable soliton transmission has not yet been studied,which will limit its further application in high-performance near-mid infrared optoelectronic technology.In this paper,we design and prepare a GaSb-based~2μm wave-length two-section integrated semiconductor laser chip structure,and test and analyze its related properties of soliton,includ-ing power−injection current−voltage(P−I−V),temperature and mode-locked characteristics.Experimental results show that the chip can achieve stable mode-locked operation at nearly~2μm wavelength and present the working characteristics of near opti-cal soliton states and multi-peak optical soliton states.By comparing and analyzing the measured optical pulse sequence curve with the numerical fitting based on the pure fourth order soliton approximation solution,it is confirmed that the two-section integrated optical chip structure can generate stable transmission of multi-peak optical soliton.This provides a research direc-tion for developing near-mid infrared mode-locked integrated optical chips with high-performance property of optical soliton.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2017CFB685)Hubei University of Technology"Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Equipment"Collaborative Innovation Center Open Research Fund(Nos.038/1201501 and 038/1201803)the College-level Project of Hubei University of Technology(Nos.4201/01758,4201/01802,4201/01889,and 4128/21025)。
文摘In this paper,a lifted Haar transform(LHT)image compression optical chip has been researched to achieve rapid image compression.The chip comprises 32 same image compression optical circuits,and each circuit contains a 2×2 multimode interference(MMI)coupler and aπ/2 delay line phase shifter as the key components.The chip uses highly borosilicate glass as the substrate,Su8 negative photoresist as the core layer,and air as the cladding layer.Its horizontal and longitudinal dimensions are 8011μm×10000μm.Simulation results present that the designed optical circuit has a coupling ratio(CR)of 0:100 and an insertion loss(IL)of 0.001548 d B.Then the chip is fabricated by femtosecond laser and testing results illustrate that the chip has a CR of 6:94 and an IL of 0.518 d B.So,the prepared chip possesses good image compression performance.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program(Grant Nos.2021YFA1402004 and 2021YFF0603701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12134014,U21A20433,U21A6006,and 92265108)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative。
文摘We present a compact cold atom platform where an optical grating chip and planar coil chip are placed inside a compact vacuum chamber to create a magneto-optical trap.This approach significantly reduces the system volume to about 20×20×20 cm^(3) compared to conventional vacuum systems and offers greater flexibility in accessing the trapped atoms.We demonstrate the trapping of 3×10^(5) cold rubidium atoms at a temperature of 100μK in a vacuum pressure below 10^(−7) mbar.The simplified optical geometry,low power consumption,and high degree of integration make this a promising platform for portable and versatile cold-atom devices in quantum sensing,timing,and information processing.
文摘mRNA quantification is very important in molecular biological researches. Traditional spectrophotometric method cannot distinguish DNA, rRNA and tRNA species from mRNA. Northern blot can be used for mRNA quantification but is known to be time consuming. To rapidly detect mRNA levels, we developed an optical thin-film biosensor chip based method, to quantify mRNA in samples. After total RNA was extracted, the mRNA with poly（A） tails was reverse transcribed with oligo（dT）20 primers and dNTPs mixed with digoxigenin（DIG）-11-dUTE The transcribed first strand cDNA was hybridized with oligo（dA）20 nucleotide probes spotted on optical thin-film biosensor chips. Excess first strand cDNA, single-strand RNA, and mis-matched DNA/DNA hybrids were removed by washing. The perfect-matched DNA/DNA hybrid was detected with anti-DIG-AP （alkaline phosphatase） conjugate and then incubated with NBT/BCIP substrate for color development. The range of the color is from purplish red to blue, according to the cDNA mass deposited on chip sur- face. Detection of mRNA levels from Arabidopsis samples proved that this method is feasible for mRNA quantification, and has great potential for application in mRNA quantification in various organisms.
文摘We have presented a three dimensional optical protein chip that fulfills the demanding for point-of-care diagnostics in terms of ease-of-use (one step assay), miniaturization (5 μl). The artful combination of magnetic nanoparticles on chip and total internal reflection imaging (TIRI) technology permits the sensitive and rapid detection of hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). The whole test was complete within 10 min using “all in one step” assay with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL hs-CRP. The measuring range for hs-CRP could be extended to 10 ng/mL. The chip can also be used to detect more parameters in blood samples.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61334008the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2015AA016904the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No YZ201301
文摘A compact structured illumination chip based on integrated optics is proposed and fabricated on a silicon-on- insulator platform. Based on the simulation of Caussian beam interference, we adopt a chirped diffraction grating to achieve a specific interference pattern. The experimental results match well with the simulations. The portability and flexibility of the structured illumination chip can be increased greatly through horizontal encapsulation. High levels of integration, compared with the conventional structured illumination approach, make this chip very compact, with a footprint of only around 1 mm2. The chip has no optical lenses and can be easily combined with a microfluidic system. These properties would make the chip very suitable for portable 3D scanner and compact super-resolution microscopy applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0710800 and 2020YFA0908200)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930043 and 82330055)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2225003,82001719,52073060,and 61927805)the Nanjing Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation(ZKX21019)the Clinical Trials from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital(2022-LCYJ-ZD-01).
文摘Cardiac fibrosis has emerged as the primary cause of morbidity,disability,and even mortality in numerous nations.In light of the advancements in precision medicine strategies,substantial attention has been directed toward the development of a practical and precise drug screening platform customized for individual patients.In this study,we introduce a biomimetic cardiac fibrosis-on-a-chip incorporating structural color hydrogels(SCHs)to enable optical high-throughput drug screening.By cocultivating a substantial proportion of cardiac fibroblasts(CFBs)with cardiomyocytes on the SCH,this biomimetic fibrotic microtissue successfully replicates the structural components and biomechanical properties associated with cardiac fibrosis.More importantly,the structural color shift observed in the SCH can be indicative of cardiac contraction and relaxation,making it a valuable tool for evaluating fibrosis progression.By incorporating such fibrotic microtissue into a microfluidic gradient chip,we develop a biomimetic optical cardiac fibrosis-on-a-chip platform that accurately and efficiently screens potential anti-fibrotic drugs.These characteristics suggest that this microphysiological platform possesses the capability to establish a preclinical framework for screening cardiac drugs,and may even contribute to the advancement ofprecisionmedicine.
基金upported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB2804301 and 2021YFB2802000)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21DZ1100500)+2 种基金the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Projectthe Shanghai Frontiers Science Center Program(2021–2025 No.20)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.23YF1429500).
文摘Research in the ocean places high demands on chips'robustness,speed,and energy consumption.Diffractive neural networks(DNNs)enable direct optical image processing at light speed,with great potential for underwater applications.Here,we experimentally demonstrate a compact DNN chip capable of operating directly in both water and air by multiobjective training and initial training value optimization.The two layers of DNNs are integrated on the two surfaces of a quartz plate,respectively.The chip achieved high accuracies above 90%in recognition tasks for handwritten digits and fashion products.The architecture and material ensure the chip's high stability for long-term underwater use.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62125503,62261160388)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(2023AFA028)the Innovation Project of Optics Valley Laboratory(OVL2021BG004).
文摘In recent years,space-division multiplexing(SDM)technology,which involves transmitting data information on multiple parallel channels for efficient capacity scaling,has been widely used in fiber and free-space optical communication sys-tems.To enable flexible data management and cope with the mixing between different channels,the integrated reconfig-urable optical processor is used for optical switching and mitigating the channel crosstalk.However,efficient online train-ing becomes intricate and challenging,particularly when dealing with a significant number of channels.Here we use the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm to configure the integrated optical processor,which has less com-putation than the traditional gradient descent(GD)algorithm.We design and fabricate a 6×6 on-chip optical processor on silicon platform to implement optical switching and descrambling assisted by the online training with the SPDG algorithm.Moreover,we apply the on-chip processor configured by the SPGD algorithm to optical communications for optical switching and efficiently mitigating the channel crosstalk in SDM systems.In comparison with the traditional GD al-gorithm,it is found that the SPGD algorithm features better performance especially when the scale of matrix is large,which means it has the potential to optimize large-scale optical matrix computation acceleration chips.
基金supported by the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications(No.IPOC2016ZT10)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61574019,61674020,and 61674018)+1 种基金the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20130005130001)the 111 Project(No.B07005)
文摘In this Letter, a pair of integrated optoelectronic transceiving chips is proposed. They are constructed by integrating a vertical cavity surface emitting laser unit above a positive-intrinsic-negative photodetector unit. One of the transceiving chips emits light at the wavelength of 848.1 nm with a threshold current of 0.8 mA and a slope efficiency of 0.81 W/A. It receives light between 801 and 814 nm with a quantum efficiency of higher than 70%. On its counterpart, the other one of the transceiving chips emits light at the wavelength of 805.3 nm with a threshold current of 1.1 mA and a slope efficiency of 0.86 W/A. It receives light between 838 and 855 nm with a quantum efficiency of higher than 70%. The proposed pair of integrated optoelectronic transceiving chips can work full-duplex with each other, and they can be applied to single fiber bidirectional optical interconnects.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB301704)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.NCET-11-0168)+1 种基金the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China(Grant No.201139)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60901006 and 11174096)
文摘Utilizing a high-Q microdisk resonator （MDR） on a single silicon-on-insulator （SOI） chip, a compact microwave photonic filter （MPF） with a continuously tunable central frequency is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Assisted by the optical single side-band （OSSB） modulation, the optical frequency response of the MDR is mapped to the microwave frequency response to form an MPF with a continuously tunable central frequency and a narrow 3-dB bandwidth. In the experiment, using an MDR with a compact size of 20×20 μm^2 and a high Q factor of 1.07×10^5, we obtain a compact MPF with a high rejection ratio of about 40 dB, a 3-dB bandwidth of about 2 GHz, and a frequency tuning range larger than 12 GHz. Our approach may allow the implementation of very compact, low-cost, low-consumption, and integrated notch MPF in a silicon chip.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Nos. 2012CB921804 and 2011CBA00205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61435007 and 11321063)
文摘We experimentally demonstrate high optical quality factor silica microdisk resonators on a silicon chip with large wedge angles by reactive ion etching. For 2-μm-thick microresonators, we have achieved wedge angles of 59°, 63°,70°, and 79° with optical quality factors of 2.4 × 10~7, 8.1 × 10~6, 5.9 × 10~6, and 7.4 × 10~6, respectively, from ～80 μm diameter microresonators in the 1550 nm wavelength band. Also, for 1-μm-thick microresonators, we have obtained an optical quality factor of 7.3 × 10~6 with a wedge angle of 74°.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(62125503,62261160388)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(2023AFA028)+1 种基金Key R&D Program of Hubei Province of China(2020BAB001,2021BAA024)Innovation Project of Optics Valley Laboratory(OVL2021BG004).
文摘Mode-division multiplexing technology has been proposed as a crucial technique for enhancing communication capacity and alleviating growing communication demands.Optical switching,which is an essential component of optical communication systems,enables information exchange between channels.However,existing optical switching solutions are inadequate for addressing flexible information exchange among the mode channels.In this study,we introduced a flexible mode switching system in a multimode fibre based on an optical neural network chip.This system utilised the flexibility of on-chip optical neural networks along with an all-fibre orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode multiplexer-demultiplexer to achieve mode switching among the three OAM modes within a multimode fibre.The system adopted an improved gradient descent algorithm to achieve training for arbitrary 3×3 exchange matrices and ensured maximum crosstalk of less than-18.7 dB,thus enabling arbitrary inter-mode channel information exchange.The proposed optical-neural-network-based mode-switching system was experimentally validated by successfully transmitting different modulation formats across various modes.This innovative solution holds promise for providing effective optical switching in practical multimode communication networks.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Optical neural networks are emerging as a competitive alternative to their electronic counterparts,offering distinct advantages in bandwidth and energy efficiency.Despite these benefits,scaling up on-chip optical neural networks for end-to-end inference is facing significant challenges.First,network depth is constrained by the weak cascadability of optical nonlinear activation functions.Second,the input size is constrained by the scale of the optical matrix.Herein,we propose a scaling up strategy called partially coherent deep optical neural networks(PDONNs).By leveraging an on-chip nonlinear activation function based on opto-electro-opto conversion,PDONN enables network depth expansion with positive net gain.Additionally,convolutional layers achieve rapid dimensionality reduction,thereby allowing for an increase in the accommodated input size.The use of a partially coherent optical source significantly reduces reliance on narrow-linewidth laser diodes and coherent detection.Owing to their broader spectral characteristics and simpler implementation,such sources are more accessible and compatible with scalable integration.Benefiting from these innovations,we designed and fabricated a monolithically integrated optical neural network with the largest input size and the deepest network depth,comprising an input layer with a size of 64,two convolutional layers,and two fully connected layers.We successfully demonstrate end-to-end two-class classification of fashion images and four-class classification of handwritten digits with accuracies of 96%and 94%,respectively,using an in-situ training method.Notably,performance is well maintained with partially coherent illumination.This proposed architecture represents a critical step toward realizing energy-efficient,scalable,and widely accessible optical computing.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 61227013, 61307104,61422505)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0623)+2 种基金the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project (No. 2013YQ040815)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20122304110022)the Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. ZD201205)
文摘We propose an ultra-simple dual-channel configuration for simultaneously evaluating two branches of a multifunctional integrated optic chip(MFIOC). In the configuration, the MFIOC is employed as a beam splitter to construct the demodulation interferometer together with a 2 × 2 fiber coupler. Interference happens between polarization modes traveling through different channels of the MFIOC. The cross-couplings of each channel are respectively characterized by the interference peaks which distribute on opposite sides of the central interference peak. Temperature responses of the MFIOC are experimentally measured from-40°C to 80°C. Results show that the proposed configuration can achieve simultaneous dual-channel transient measurements with resolution of-90 d B and dynamic range of 90 d B. In addition, the two channels of the configuration have consistent measuring performance, and the two branches of the MFIOC have different responses to temperature variation.
文摘A reverse biased p-n junction diode with proper resonant cavity and boundary conditions is able to generate rf power and shows normal DC and small signal properties designed with semiconductor materials like 4H-SiC, GaAs, InP, Si-based DDR IMPATT structure at Ka band with dark condition. But when it is exposed to optical illumination through a proper optical window for both top mounted（TM） and flip chip（FC） configuration,it shows the influence on the oscillator performances in that band of frequency. The simulated results are analyzed for 36 GHz window frequency in each of the diodes and relative differences are found in power output and frequency of all these diodes with variable intensities of illumination. Finally it is found that optical control has immense effect in both FC and TM mode regarding the reduction of output power and shifting of operating frequency from which optimization is done for the best optically sensitive material for IMPATT diode.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2905700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62235005,61925104,62171137).
文摘Optical interconnects based on photonic integrated circuits(PICs)are emerging as a pivotal technology to address the relentless surge in data traffic driven by compute-intensive applications.Combining mode-division multiplexing(MDM)with wavelength-division multiplexing(WDM)offers a compelling approach to significantly enhance the shoreline density of optical interconnects.However,existing on-chip MDM systems encounter considerable challenges in simultaneously achieving a large optical bandwidth,multi-band operation,and ultra-compactness,thereby limiting scalability as conventional telecom band resources become increasingly constrained.Here we introduce,to our knowledge,the first inverse-designed multi-band mode multiplexer(MUX)utilizing a digital metamaterial structure to support the first three-order TE modes.The proposed device features an ultra-compact footprint of 6μm×4.8μm and exhibits an exceptionally flat spectral response,with numerical simulations confirming spectral variations of less than 0.94 dB across the 1500–2100 nm range.Experimental results further validate its performance,demonstrating insertion losses below 4.3 dB and 4.0 dB,and crosstalk below−11.6 dB and−11.3 dB,within the 1525–1585 nm and 1940–2040 nm bands,respectively.Additionally,system-level optical interconnect experiments using a multi-band MDM circuit successfully achieve single-wavelength transmission rates of 3-modes×180 Gb∕s at the 1.55μm band and record-setting 3-modes×114 Gb∕s in the 2μm band.This work highlights the transformative potential of employing multi-band MDM technology to enhance bandwidth density and scalability,providing a robust foundation for next-generation high-capacity on-chip optical interconnects.
