The uncertain multi-attribute decision-making problems because of the information about attribute weights being known partly, and the decision maker＇s preference information on alternatives taking the form of interva...The uncertain multi-attribute decision-making problems because of the information about attribute weights being known partly, and the decision maker＇s preference information on alternatives taking the form of interval numbers complementary to the judgment matrix, are investigated. First, the decision-making information, based on the subjective uncertain complementary preference matrix on alternatives is made uniform by using a translation function, and then an objective programming model is established. The attribute weights are obtained by solving the model, thus the overall values of the alternatives are gained by using the additive weighting method. Second, the alternatives are ranked, by using the continuous ordered weighted averaging （C-OWA） operator. A new approach to the uncertain multi-attribute decision-making problems, with uncertain preference information on alternatives is proposed. It is characterized by simple operations and can be easily implemented on a computer. Finally, a practical example is illustrated to show the feasibility and availability of the developed method.展开更多
Academic research into service industries has explored the characteristics of interpersonal interactions between employees and customers, but there are few studies addressing the issues of consumer interaction with te...Academic research into service industries has explored the characteristics of interpersonal interactions between employees and customers, but there are few studies addressing the issues of consumer interaction with technology and its influence on the objectives and results of the operations subsystem. This study examines the elements of the service encounter, and the changes automation originates in them and their relationships. The paper also examines changes in the elements and results of the operations subsystem, as a result of automation. We propose that the customer＇s relationship with employees and/or technology and automated systems for the service impact the objectives and results of the operations subsystem, all of which could have an effect on the company＇s competitive position. The empirical study is focused on four industries, namely, toll motorways, car parks, carwash and video/DVD rental companies, in an attempt to identify objectives that lead companies to implement automated processes affecting the customer＇s relationship with the company. The hypotheses generated are contrasted with a structural equation modelling. The results confirm that the customer＇s relationship with employees and automated systems for the service impacts the objectives and results of the operations subsystem. Also, the results show how automation can enable firms simultaneously to achieve acceptable levels of flexibility and productivity, two dimensions that have traditionally been considered opposites.展开更多
A view in object oriented databases corresponds to virtual schemawith restructured generalization and decomposition hierarchies. Numbers of viewcreation methodologies have been proposed. A major drawback of existing m...A view in object oriented databases corresponds to virtual schemawith restructured generalization and decomposition hierarchies. Numbers of viewcreation methodologies have been proposed. A major drawback of existing method-ologies is that they do not maintain the closure property. That is, the result of aquery does not have the same semantics as embodied in the object oriented datamodel. Therefore, this paper presents a view creation methodology that derives aclass in response to a user's query, integrates derived class in global schema (i.e.,considers the problem of classes moving in class hierarchy) and selects the requiredclasses from global schema to create the view for user's query. Novel idea of viewcreation includes: (a) an object algebra for class derivation and customization (wherethe derived classes in terms of object instances and procedure/methods are studied),(b) maintenance of closure property, and (c) classification algorithm which providesmechanism to deal with the problem of a class moving in a class hierarchy.展开更多
文摘The uncertain multi-attribute decision-making problems because of the information about attribute weights being known partly, and the decision maker＇s preference information on alternatives taking the form of interval numbers complementary to the judgment matrix, are investigated. First, the decision-making information, based on the subjective uncertain complementary preference matrix on alternatives is made uniform by using a translation function, and then an objective programming model is established. The attribute weights are obtained by solving the model, thus the overall values of the alternatives are gained by using the additive weighting method. Second, the alternatives are ranked, by using the continuous ordered weighted averaging （C-OWA） operator. A new approach to the uncertain multi-attribute decision-making problems, with uncertain preference information on alternatives is proposed. It is characterized by simple operations and can be easily implemented on a computer. Finally, a practical example is illustrated to show the feasibility and availability of the developed method.
文摘Academic research into service industries has explored the characteristics of interpersonal interactions between employees and customers, but there are few studies addressing the issues of consumer interaction with technology and its influence on the objectives and results of the operations subsystem. This study examines the elements of the service encounter, and the changes automation originates in them and their relationships. The paper also examines changes in the elements and results of the operations subsystem, as a result of automation. We propose that the customer＇s relationship with employees and/or technology and automated systems for the service impact the objectives and results of the operations subsystem, all of which could have an effect on the company＇s competitive position. The empirical study is focused on four industries, namely, toll motorways, car parks, carwash and video/DVD rental companies, in an attempt to identify objectives that lead companies to implement automated processes affecting the customer＇s relationship with the company. The hypotheses generated are contrasted with a structural equation modelling. The results confirm that the customer＇s relationship with employees and automated systems for the service impacts the objectives and results of the operations subsystem. Also, the results show how automation can enable firms simultaneously to achieve acceptable levels of flexibility and productivity, two dimensions that have traditionally been considered opposites.
文摘A view in object oriented databases corresponds to virtual schemawith restructured generalization and decomposition hierarchies. Numbers of viewcreation methodologies have been proposed. A major drawback of existing method-ologies is that they do not maintain the closure property. That is, the result of aquery does not have the same semantics as embodied in the object oriented datamodel. Therefore, this paper presents a view creation methodology that derives aclass in response to a user's query, integrates derived class in global schema (i.e.,considers the problem of classes moving in class hierarchy) and selects the requiredclasses from global schema to create the view for user's query. Novel idea of viewcreation includes: (a) an object algebra for class derivation and customization (wherethe derived classes in terms of object instances and procedure/methods are studied),(b) maintenance of closure property, and (c) classification algorithm which providesmechanism to deal with the problem of a class moving in a class hierarchy.
