The use of open-source data and tools in disaster exposure mapping is presented in this paper. Disaster exposure is a collection of the element at risk to potential loss. Gampaha divisional secretariat (DS) is a study...The use of open-source data and tools in disaster exposure mapping is presented in this paper. Disaster exposure is a collection of the element at risk to potential loss. Gampaha divisional secretariat (DS) is a study area laid on the lower part of the Attanagalu Oya river basin. As the geospatial tools, OpenStreetMap (OSM), Java OpenStreetMap (JOSM), QGIS, GPS Essentials, and Open Map Kit (OMK) are used. The elements of disaster exposure, including the number of people or types of assets, are surveyed and inventoried using the OSM platforms. Local, national, and international agencies produce and evaluate the data. The study developed spatial data for building footprints of 165,000 households, street lengths of 2300 km, hospital units of 16, and utility units of 2300. This could overcome the main challenges of exposure mapping in the area. The procedure developed in the exposure mapping can be used in a data-sparse environment. Exposure mapping is generally used to estimate the impact of hazards or disasters, which are essential in effective disaster management. How are there still remaining challenges in disaster exposure mapping such as less awareness about the mapping procedure, lack of government support, internet access, hardware, and inability to understand the value of exposure mapping?展开更多
为了解决来自非专业用户协同编辑的众源地理空间数据质量问题,提出了一种众源地理空间数据质量评价技术框架。针对众源开放街道地图(open street map,OSM)数据特点,选取数据完整性、属性信息准确性和定位精度三方面质量要素,提出了面向...为了解决来自非专业用户协同编辑的众源地理空间数据质量问题,提出了一种众源地理空间数据质量评价技术框架。针对众源开放街道地图(open street map,OSM)数据特点,选取数据完整性、属性信息准确性和定位精度三方面质量要素,提出了面向众源开放街道地图(OSM)空间数据的质量模型和计算方法。展开更多
文摘The use of open-source data and tools in disaster exposure mapping is presented in this paper. Disaster exposure is a collection of the element at risk to potential loss. Gampaha divisional secretariat (DS) is a study area laid on the lower part of the Attanagalu Oya river basin. As the geospatial tools, OpenStreetMap (OSM), Java OpenStreetMap (JOSM), QGIS, GPS Essentials, and Open Map Kit (OMK) are used. The elements of disaster exposure, including the number of people or types of assets, are surveyed and inventoried using the OSM platforms. Local, national, and international agencies produce and evaluate the data. The study developed spatial data for building footprints of 165,000 households, street lengths of 2300 km, hospital units of 16, and utility units of 2300. This could overcome the main challenges of exposure mapping in the area. The procedure developed in the exposure mapping can be used in a data-sparse environment. Exposure mapping is generally used to estimate the impact of hazards or disasters, which are essential in effective disaster management. How are there still remaining challenges in disaster exposure mapping such as less awareness about the mapping procedure, lack of government support, internet access, hardware, and inability to understand the value of exposure mapping?
文摘建筑物作为一种重要的地理空间要素,在城市规划与建设、居住环境、交通管理、房地产以及灾害损失评估等领域占有极为重要的地位。车载激光扫描(Mobile Laser Scanning,MLS)数据是建筑物三维模型重建的主要数据源之一,本文针对基于MLS数据建筑物的提取耗时过长和错分漏提率高等问题,提出了一种融合Open Street Map(OSM)和MLS点云数据的三维建筑物快速提取方法。该方法包含数据预处理、改进的ICP精配准、OSM与MLS数据的信息融合及辅助提取四个步骤,实验结果表明该方法可以有效提升效率,处理时间可缩短50%以上;同时该方法还可有效避免误提取问题,对漏提取问题也有所改善,因此提升了建筑物提取的精度。两种数据的融合,实现了双方的优势互补,为建立位置精准、关系正确、几何细节和属性信息丰富,方便快速更新的城市三维模型,提供了数据支撑。
