The attractions of cantilevers made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWNTs） and secured on one end are studied in the non-uniform magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Under an optical microscope, the positions and t...The attractions of cantilevers made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWNTs） and secured on one end are studied in the non-uniform magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Under an optical microscope, the positions and the corresponding deflections of the original cantilevers（with iron catalytic nanoparticles at the free end） and corresponding cut-off cantilevers（the free ends consisting of open ends of MWNTs） are studied. Both kinds of CNT cantilevers are found to be attracted by the magnet, and the point of application of force is proven to be at the tip of the cantilever. By measuring and comparing deflections between these two kinds of cantilevers, the magnetic moment at the open ends of the CNTs can be quantified.Due to the unexpectedly high value of the magnetic moment at the open ends of carbon nanotubes, it is called giant magnetic moment, and its possible mechanisms are proposed and discussed.展开更多
In this work we report that after single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) are sheared with a pair of titanium scissors,the magnetization becomes larger than that of the corresponding pristine ones. The magnetization inc...In this work we report that after single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) are sheared with a pair of titanium scissors,the magnetization becomes larger than that of the corresponding pristine ones. The magnetization increases proportionally with the number of SWNTs with sheared ends, suggesting that there exist magnetic moments at the sheared ends of SWNTs.By using the coefficient of this linear relation, the average magnetic moment is estimated to be 41.5 ± 9.8 μB(Bohr magneton) per carbon atom in the edge state at temperature of 300.0 K, suggesting that ultrahigh magnetic fields can be produced. The dangling sigma and pi bonds of the carbon atoms at sheared ends play important roles in determining the unexpectedly high magnetic moments, which may have great potential applications.展开更多
In 2024,global shipments of new short-staple spindles and open-end rotors decreased by 40%and 39%,respectively(year-on-year).Deliveries of long-staple spindles increased by 62%.The number of draw texturing spindles im...In 2024,global shipments of new short-staple spindles and open-end rotors decreased by 40%and 39%,respectively(year-on-year).Deliveries of long-staple spindles increased by 62%.The number of draw texturing spindles improved by 77%and shipped shuttleless looms grew by 32%.Shipments of large circular knitting machines deteriorated by 15%and shipped flat knitting machines registered a 16%increase.The sum of all deliveries in the fin-ishing segment slightlyrose by 6%.展开更多
Natural convection in an open end cavity with a hot inclined wall is simulated based on the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）. The physics of flow and energy transfer in open end cavities are addressed when the hot wal...Natural convection in an open end cavity with a hot inclined wall is simulated based on the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）. The physics of flow and energy transfer in open end cavities are addressed when the hot wall is inclined. The combination of the two topics （open cavity and inclined walls） is the main novelty of the present study. The effects of the angle of the hot inclined wall on the flow field and heat transfer are thoroughly investigated. The Prandtl number is fixed to 0.71 （air）. The Rayleigh number and the angle of the hot inclined wall are varied in the range of 10^4 to 10^6 and 60° to 85°, respectively. The results are presented for two different aspect ratios, i.e., A = 1 and 2. The results obtained with the LBM are also compared with those of the finite volume method （FVM）. The predicted results of the LBM conform to those of the FVM. The results show that by increasing the angle of the hot inclined wall and the aspect ratio of the cavity, the average Nusselt number decreases. The trend of the local Nusselt number on the inclined wall is also discussed.展开更多
This paper proposes a novel approach to use artificial intelligence(Al),particularly large language models(LLMs)and other foundation models(FMs)in an educational environment.It emphasizes the integration of teams of t...This paper proposes a novel approach to use artificial intelligence(Al),particularly large language models(LLMs)and other foundation models(FMs)in an educational environment.It emphasizes the integration of teams of teachable and self-learning LLMs agents that use neuro-symbolic cognitive architecture(NSCA)to provide dynamic personalized support to learners and educators within self-improving adaptive instructional systems(SIAIS).These systems host these agents and support dynamic sessions of engagement workflow.We have developed the never ending open learning adaptive framework(NEOLAF),an LLM-based neuro-symbolic architecture for self-learning AI agents,and the open learning adaptive framework(OLAF),the underlying platform to host the agents,manage agent sessions,and support agent workflows and integration.The NEOLAF and OLAF serve as concrete examples to illustrate the advanced AI implementation approach.We also discuss our proof of concept testing of the NEOLAF agent to develop math problem-solving capabilities and the evaluation test for deployed interactive agent in the learning environment.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10774032 and 51472057)the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y2010031)
文摘The attractions of cantilevers made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWNTs） and secured on one end are studied in the non-uniform magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Under an optical microscope, the positions and the corresponding deflections of the original cantilevers（with iron catalytic nanoparticles at the free end） and corresponding cut-off cantilevers（the free ends consisting of open ends of MWNTs） are studied. Both kinds of CNT cantilevers are found to be attracted by the magnet, and the point of application of force is proven to be at the tip of the cantilever. By measuring and comparing deflections between these two kinds of cantilevers, the magnetic moment at the open ends of the CNTs can be quantified.Due to the unexpectedly high value of the magnetic moment at the open ends of carbon nanotubes, it is called giant magnetic moment, and its possible mechanisms are proposed and discussed.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFA0208403 and 2016YFA0200403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51472057,11874129,91323304,and 11674387)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA09040101)the Baotou Rare Earth Research and Development Centre,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.GZR 2018001)
文摘In this work we report that after single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) are sheared with a pair of titanium scissors,the magnetization becomes larger than that of the corresponding pristine ones. The magnetization increases proportionally with the number of SWNTs with sheared ends, suggesting that there exist magnetic moments at the sheared ends of SWNTs.By using the coefficient of this linear relation, the average magnetic moment is estimated to be 41.5 ± 9.8 μB(Bohr magneton) per carbon atom in the edge state at temperature of 300.0 K, suggesting that ultrahigh magnetic fields can be produced. The dangling sigma and pi bonds of the carbon atoms at sheared ends play important roles in determining the unexpectedly high magnetic moments, which may have great potential applications.
文摘In 2024,global shipments of new short-staple spindles and open-end rotors decreased by 40%and 39%,respectively(year-on-year).Deliveries of long-staple spindles increased by 62%.The number of draw texturing spindles improved by 77%and shipped shuttleless looms grew by 32%.Shipments of large circular knitting machines deteriorated by 15%and shipped flat knitting machines registered a 16%increase.The sum of all deliveries in the fin-ishing segment slightlyrose by 6%.
文摘Natural convection in an open end cavity with a hot inclined wall is simulated based on the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）. The physics of flow and energy transfer in open end cavities are addressed when the hot wall is inclined. The combination of the two topics （open cavity and inclined walls） is the main novelty of the present study. The effects of the angle of the hot inclined wall on the flow field and heat transfer are thoroughly investigated. The Prandtl number is fixed to 0.71 （air）. The Rayleigh number and the angle of the hot inclined wall are varied in the range of 10^4 to 10^6 and 60° to 85°, respectively. The results are presented for two different aspect ratios, i.e., A = 1 and 2. The results obtained with the LBM are also compared with those of the finite volume method （FVM）. The predicted results of the LBM conform to those of the FVM. The results show that by increasing the angle of the hot inclined wall and the aspect ratio of the cavity, the average Nusselt number decreases. The trend of the local Nusselt number on the inclined wall is also discussed.
文摘This paper proposes a novel approach to use artificial intelligence(Al),particularly large language models(LLMs)and other foundation models(FMs)in an educational environment.It emphasizes the integration of teams of teachable and self-learning LLMs agents that use neuro-symbolic cognitive architecture(NSCA)to provide dynamic personalized support to learners and educators within self-improving adaptive instructional systems(SIAIS).These systems host these agents and support dynamic sessions of engagement workflow.We have developed the never ending open learning adaptive framework(NEOLAF),an LLM-based neuro-symbolic architecture for self-learning AI agents,and the open learning adaptive framework(OLAF),the underlying platform to host the agents,manage agent sessions,and support agent workflows and integration.The NEOLAF and OLAF serve as concrete examples to illustrate the advanced AI implementation approach.We also discuss our proof of concept testing of the NEOLAF agent to develop math problem-solving capabilities and the evaluation test for deployed interactive agent in the learning environment.
