Achieving the detachment of divertor can help to alleviate excessive heat load and sputtering problems on the target plates,thereby extending the lifetime of divertor components for fusion devices.In order to provide ...Achieving the detachment of divertor can help to alleviate excessive heat load and sputtering problems on the target plates,thereby extending the lifetime of divertor components for fusion devices.In order to provide a fast but relatively reliable prediction of plasma parameters along the flux tube for future device design,a one-dimensional(1D)modeling code for the operating point of impurity seeded detached divertor is developed based on Python language,which is a fluid model based on previous work(Plasma Phys.Control.Fusion 58045013(2016)).The experimental observation of the onset of divertor detachment by neon(Ne)and argon(Ar)seeding in EAST is well reproduced by using the 1D modeling code.The comparison between the 1D modeling and two-dimensional(2D)simulation by the SOLPS-ITER code for CFETR detachment operation with Ne and Ar seeding also shows that they are in good agreement.We also predict the radiative power loss and corresponding impurity concentration requirement for achieving divertor detachment via different impurity seeding under high heating power conditions in EAST and CFETR phase II by using the 1D model.Based on the predictions,the optimized parameter space for divertor detachment operation on EAST and CFETR is also determined.Such a simple but reliable 1D model can provide a reasonable parameter input for a detailed and accurate analysis by 2D or three-dimensional(3D)modeling tools through rapid parameter scanning.展开更多
A one -dimensional time-dependent photochemical model is used to simulate the influence of ion-produced NOx and HOx radicals on the Antarctic ozone depletion in polar night and polar spring at a latitude of 73 degrees...A one -dimensional time-dependent photochemical model is used to simulate the influence of ion-produced NOx and HOx radicals on the Antarctic ozone depletion in polar night and polar spring at a latitude of 73 degrees south.Vertical transport and nitrogen-oxygen (NOx). hydrogen-oxygen (HOx) production by ionic reactions have been introduced into the model.NOx and HOx produced by precipitating ions are transported into the lower stratosphere by vertical motion and have some effects in the development of the Antarctic ozone depletion.From winter through spring the calculated ozone column decreases to 269.4 DU. However, this value is significantly higher than the total ozone observed at several Antarctic ozone stations.展开更多
This study proposes a quasi-one-dimensional model to predict the chemical nonequilibrium flow along the stagnation streamline of hypersonic flow past a blunt body. The model solves reduced equations along the stagnati...This study proposes a quasi-one-dimensional model to predict the chemical nonequilibrium flow along the stagnation streamline of hypersonic flow past a blunt body. The model solves reduced equations along the stagnation streamline and predicts nearly identical results as the numerical solution of the full-field Navier-Stokes equations. The high efficiency of this model makes it useful to investigate the overall quantitative behavior of related physical-chemical phenomena. In this paper two important properties of hypersonic flow, shock stand-off distance and oxygen dissociation, are studied using the quasi-one-dimensional model with the ideal dissociating gas model. It is found that the shock stand-off distance is affected by both chemical and thermal non-equilibrium.The shock stand-off distance will increase when the flow conditions are changed from equilibrium to non-equilibrium, because the average density of the shock-compressed gas will decrease as a result of the increase in translational energy. For oxygen dissociation, the maximum value of its dissociation degree along the stagnation line varies with the flight altitude. It is increased at first and decreased thereafter with the altitude, which is due to the combination effect of the equilibrium shift and chemical non-equilibrium relaxation. The overall variation of the maximum dissociation is then plotted in the speed and altitude coordinates as a reference for engineering application.展开更多
We study the thermodynamic properties of the classical one-dimensional generalized nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattice model(n≥2)by using the cluster variation method with linear response theory.The results of this method...We study the thermodynamic properties of the classical one-dimensional generalized nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattice model(n≥2)by using the cluster variation method with linear response theory.The results of this method are exact in the thermodynamic limit.We present the single-site reduced densityρ^((1))(z),averages such as(z^(2)),<|z^(n)|>,and<(z_(1)-z_(2))^(2)>,the specific heat C_(v),and the static correlation functions.We analyze the scaling behavior of these quantities and obtain the exact scaling powers at the low and high temperatures.Using these results,we gauge the accuracy of the projective truncation approximation for theφ^(4)lattice model.展开更多
We propose an eigen microstate approach(EMA)for analyzing quantum phase transitions in quantum many-body systems,introducing a novel framework that does not require prior knowledge of an order parameter.Using the tran...We propose an eigen microstate approach(EMA)for analyzing quantum phase transitions in quantum many-body systems,introducing a novel framework that does not require prior knowledge of an order parameter.Using the transversefield Ising model(TFIM)as a case study,we demonstrate the effectiveness of EMA by identifying key features of the phase transition through the scaling behavior of eigenvalues and the structure of associated eigen microstates.Our results reveal substantial changes in the ground state of the TFIM as it undergoes a phase transition,as reflected in the behavior of specific componentsξ_(i)^((k))within the eigen microstates.This method is expected to be applicable to other quantum systems where predefining an order parameter is challenging.展开更多
We propose a new section-averaged one-dimensional model for blood flows in deformable arteries.The model is derived from the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations,written in cylindrical coordinates,under the“thin...We propose a new section-averaged one-dimensional model for blood flows in deformable arteries.The model is derived from the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations,written in cylindrical coordinates,under the“thin-artery”assumption(similar to the“shallow-water”assumption for free surface models).The blood flow/artery interaction is taken into account through suitable boundary conditions.The obtained equations enter the scope of the nonlinear convection-diffusion problems.We show that the resulting model is energetically consistent.The proposed model extends most extant models by adding more scope,depending on an additional viscous term.We compare both models computationally based on an Incomplete Interior Penalty Galerkin(IIPG)method for the parabolic part,and on a Runge Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin(RKDG)method for the hyperbolic part.The time discretization explicit/implicit is based on the well-known Additive Runge-Kutta(ARK)method.Moreover,through a suitable change of variables,by construction,we show that the numerical scheme is well-balanced,i.e.,it preserves exactly still-steady state solutions.To end,we numerically investigate its efficiency through several test cases with a confrontation to an exact solution.展开更多
In sub nanometer carbon nanotubes,water exhibits unique dynamic characteristics,and in the high-frequency region of the infrared spectrum,where the stretching vibrations of the internal oxygen-hydrogen(O-H)bonds are c...In sub nanometer carbon nanotubes,water exhibits unique dynamic characteristics,and in the high-frequency region of the infrared spectrum,where the stretching vibrations of the internal oxygen-hydrogen(O-H)bonds are closely related to the hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)network between water molecules.Therefore,it is crucial to analyze the relationship between these two aspects.In this paper,the infrared spectrum and motion characteristics of the stretching vibrations of the O-H bonds in one-dimensional confined water(1DCW)and bulk water(BW)in(6,6)single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNT)are studied by molecular dynamics simulations.The results show that the stretching vibrations of the two O-H bonds in 1DCW exhibit different frequencies in the infrared spectrum,while the O-H bonds in BW display two identical main frequency peaks.Further analysis using the spring oscillator model reveals that the difference in the stretching amplitude of the O-H bonds is the main factor causing the change in vibration frequency,where an increase in stretching amplitude leads to a decrease in spring stiffness and,consequently,a lower vibration frequency.A more in-depth study found that the interaction of H-bonds between water molecules is the fundamental cause of the increased stretching amplitude and decreased vibration frequency of the O-H bonds.Finally,by analyzing the motion trajectory of the H atoms,the dynamic differences between 1DCW and BW are clearly revealed.These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the behavior of water molecules at the nanoscale and are of significant importance in advancing the development of infrared spectroscopy detection technology.展开更多
Using the Bose-Fermi mapping method,we obtain the exact ground state wavefunction of one-dimensional(1D)Bose gas with the zero-range dipolar interaction in the strongly repulsive contact interaction limit.Its ground s...Using the Bose-Fermi mapping method,we obtain the exact ground state wavefunction of one-dimensional(1D)Bose gas with the zero-range dipolar interaction in the strongly repulsive contact interaction limit.Its ground state density distributions for both repulsive and attractive dipole interactions are exhibited.It is shown that in the case of the finite dipole interaction the density profiles do not change obviously with the increase of dipole interaction and display the typical shell structure of Tonks-Girardeau gases.As the repulsive dipole interaction is greatly strong,the density decreases at the center of the trap and displays a sunken valley.As the attractive dipole interaction increases,the density displays more oscillations and sharp peaks appear in the strong attraction limit,which mainly originate from the atoms occupying the low single particle levels.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal sulfides(TMDs)are emerging and highly well received 2D materials,which are considered as an ideal 2D platform for studying various electronic properties and potential applications d...Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal sulfides(TMDs)are emerging and highly well received 2D materials,which are considered as an ideal 2D platform for studying various electronic properties and potential applications due to their chemical diversity.Converting 2D TMDs into one-dimensional(1D)TMDs nanotubes can not only retain some advantages of 2D nanosheets but also providing a unique direction to explore the novel properties of TMDs materials in the 1D limit.However,the controllable preparation of high-quality nanotubes remains a major challenge.It is very necessary to review the advanced development of one-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes from preparation to application.Here,we first summarize a series of bottom-up synthesis methods of 1D TMDs,such as template growth and metal catalyzed method.Then,top-down synthesis methods are summarized,which included selfcuring and stacking of TMDs nanosheets.In addition,we discuss some key applications that utilize the properties of 1D-TMDs nanotubes in the areas of catalyst preparation,energy storage,and electronic devices.Last but not least,we prospect the preparation methods of high-quality 1D-TMDs nanotubes,which will lay a foundation for the synthesis of high-performance optoelectronic devices,catalysts,and energy storage components.展开更多
The oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a critical half-reaction in water electrolysis,has garnered significant attention.However,sluggish OER kinetics has emerged as a major impediment to efficient electrochemical energy c...The oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a critical half-reaction in water electrolysis,has garnered significant attention.However,sluggish OER kinetics has emerged as a major impediment to efficient electrochemical energy conversion.There is an urgent need to design novel electrocatalysts with optimized OER kinetics and enhanced intrinsic activity to improve overall OER performance.Herein,one-dimensional(1D)nanocomposites with high electrocatalytic activity were developed through the deposition of CoFePBA nanocubes onto the surface of MnO_(2) nanowires.The electronic structure of the nanocomposite surface was modified,and the synergistic effects between transition metals were leveraged to enhance catalytic activity through the deposition of Prussian blue analog(PBA)nanocubes on manganese dioxide nanowires.Specifically,CoFePBA featured an open crystal structure that offiered numerous electrochemical active sites and efficient charge transfer pathways.Additionally,the synergistic interactions between Co and Fe significantly reduced the OER overpotential.Additionally,the 1D rigid MnO_(2) acted as protective armor,ensuring the stability of active sites within CoFePBA during the OER.The synthesized MnO_(2)@CoFePBA achieved an overpotential of 1.614 V at 10 mA/cm^(2) and a small Tafel slope of 94 mV/dec and demonstrated stable performance for over 200 h.This work offers new insights into the rational design of various PBA-based nanocomposites with high activity and stability.展开更多
Controlling charge polarity in the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs) by substitutional doping is a difficult work due to their extremely strong C–C bonding. In this work, an inner doping strategy is...Controlling charge polarity in the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs) by substitutional doping is a difficult work due to their extremely strong C–C bonding. In this work, an inner doping strategy is explored by filling CNTs with one-dimensional(1D)-TM_(6)Te_(6) nanowires to form TM_(6)Te_(6)@CNT-(16,0) 1D van der Waals heterostructures(1D-vd WHs). The systematic first-principles studies on the electronic properties of 1D-vd WHs show that N-type doping CNTs can be formed by charge transfer from TM_(6)Te_(6) nanowires to CNTs, without introducing additional carrier scattering.Particularly, contribution from both T M(e.g., Sc and Y) and Te atoms strengthens the charge transfer. The outside CNTs further confine the dispersion of Te-p orbitals in nanowires that deforms the C-π states at the bottom of the conduction band to quasi sp^(3) hybridization. Our study provides an inner doping strategy that can effectively confine the charge polarity of CNTs and further broaden its applications in some novel nano-devices.展开更多
Surface waves have a considerable effect on vertical mixing in the upper ocean.In the past two decades,the vertical mixing induced through nonbreaking surface waves has been used in ocean and climate models to improve...Surface waves have a considerable effect on vertical mixing in the upper ocean.In the past two decades,the vertical mixing induced through nonbreaking surface waves has been used in ocean and climate models to improve the simulation of the upper ocean.Thus far,several nonbreaking wave-induced mixing parameterization schemes have been proposed;however,no quantitative comparison has been performed among them.In this paper,a one-dimensional ocean model was used to compare the performances of five schemes,including those of Qiao et al.(Q),Hu and Wang(HW),Huang and Qiao(HQ),Pleskachevsky et al.(P),and Ghantous and Babanin(GB).Similar to previous studies,all of these schemes can decrease the simulated sea surface temperature(SST),increase the subsurface temperature,and deepen the mixed layer,thereby alleviating the common thermal deviation problem of the ocean model for upper ocean simulation.Among these schemes,the HQ scheme exhibited the weakest wave-induced mixing effect,and the HW scheme exhibited the strongest effect;the other three schemes exhibited roughly the same effect.In particular,the Q and P schemes exhibited nearly the same effect.In the simulation based on observations from the Ocean Weather Station Papa,the HQ scheme exhibited the best performance,followed by the Q scheme.In the experiment with the HQ scheme,the root-mean-square deviation of the simulated SST from the observations was 0.43℃,and the mixed layer depth(MLD)was 2.0 m.As a contrast,the deviations of the SST and MLD reached 1.25℃ and 8.4 m,respectively,in the experiment without wave-induced mixing.展开更多
In this paper,the mechanical response of a one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal(PQC)thin film is analyzed under electric and temperature loads.Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory,a theoretical ...In this paper,the mechanical response of a one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal(PQC)thin film is analyzed under electric and temperature loads.Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory,a theoretical model is proposed,resulting in coupled governing integral equations that account for interfacial normal and shear stresses.To numerically solve these integral equations,an expansion method using orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials is employed.The results provide insights into the interfacial stresses,axial force,as well as axial and vertical deformations of the PQC film.Additionally,fracture criteria,including stress intensity factors,mode angles,and the J-integral,are evaluated.The solution is compared with the membrane theory,neglecting the normal stress and bending deformation.Finally,the effects of stiffness and aspect ratio on the PQC film are thoroughly discussed.This study serves as a valuable guide for controlling the mechanical response and conducting safety assessments of PQC film systems.展开更多
The similarities and differences in inherent mechanism and characteristic frequency between the onedimensional(1D)poroelastic model and the layered White model were investigated.This investigation was conducted under ...The similarities and differences in inherent mechanism and characteristic frequency between the onedimensional(1D)poroelastic model and the layered White model were investigated.This investigation was conducted under the assumption that the rock was homogenous and isotropic at the mesoscopic scale.For the inherent mechanism,both models resulted from quasi-static flow in a slow P-wave diffusion mode,and the differences between them originated from saturated fluids and boundary conditions.On the other hand,for the characteristic frequencies of the models,the characteristic frequency of the 1D poroelastic model was first modified because the elastic constant and formula for calculating it were misused and then compared to that of the layered White model.Both of them moved towards higher frequencies with increasing permeability and decreasing viscosity and diffusion length.The differences between them were due to the diffusion length.The diffusion length for the 1D poroelastic model was determined by the sample length,whereas that for the layered White model was determined by the length of the representative elementary volume(REV).Subsequently,a numerical example was presented to demonstrate the similarities and differences between the models.Finally,published experimental data were interpreted using the 1D poroelastic model combined with the Cole-Cole model.The prediction of the combined model was in good agreement with the experimental data,thereby validating the effectiveness of the 1D poroelastic model.Furthermore,the modified characteristic frequency in our study was much closer to the experimental data than the previous prediction,validating the effectiveness of our modification of the characteristic frequency of the 1D poroelastic model.The investigation provided insight into the internal relationship between wave-induced fluid flow(WIFF)models at macroscopic and mesoscopic scales and can aid in a better understanding of the elastic modulus dispersion and attenuation caused by the WIFF at different scales.展开更多
Tan's contact C is an important quantity measuring the two-body correlations at short distances in a dilute system.Here we make use of the technique of exactly solved models to study the thermal-contact capacity K...Tan's contact C is an important quantity measuring the two-body correlations at short distances in a dilute system.Here we make use of the technique of exactly solved models to study the thermal-contact capacity K_(T),i.e.,the derivative of C with respect to temperature in the attractive Gaudin-Yang model.It is found that K_(T) is useful in identifying the low temperature phase diagram,and using the obtained analytical expression of K_(T),we study its critical behavior and the scaling law.Especially,we show K_(T) versus temperature and thus the non-monotonic tendency of C in a tiny interval,for both spin-balanced and imbalanced phases.Such a phenomenon is merely observed in multi-component systems such as SU(2)Fermi gases and spinor bosons,indicating the crossover from the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid to the spin-coherent liquid.展开更多
The modeling of turbulence,especially the high-speed compressible turbulence encountered in aerospace engineering,has always being a significant challenge in terms of balancing efficiency and accuracy.Most traditional...The modeling of turbulence,especially the high-speed compressible turbulence encountered in aerospace engineering,has always being a significant challenge in terms of balancing efficiency and accuracy.Most traditional models typically show limitations in universality,accuracy,and reliance on past experience.The stochastic multi-scale models show great potential in addressing these issues by representing turbulence across all characteristic scales in a reduced-dimensional space,maintaining sufficient accuracy while reducing computational cost.This review systematically summarizes advances in methods related to a widely used and refined stochastic multi-scale model,the One-Dimensional Turbulence(ODT).The advancements in formulations are emphasized for stand-alone incompressible ODT models,stand-alone compressible ODT models,and coupling methods.Some diagrams are also provided to facilitate more readers to understand the ODT methods.Subsequently,the significant developments and applications of stand-alone ODT models and coupling methods are introduced and critically evaluated.Despite the extensively recognized effectiveness of ODT models in low-speed turbulent flows,it is crucial to emphasize that there is still a research gap in the field of ODT coupling methods that are capable of accurately and efficiently simulating complex,three-dimensional,high-speed compressible turbulent flows up to now.Based on an analysis of the advantages and limitations of existing ODT methods,the recent advancement in the conservative compressible ODT model is considered to have provided a promising approach to tackle the modeling challenges of high-speed compressible turbulence.Therefore,this review outlines several recommended new research subjects and challenging issues to inspire further research in simulating complex,three-dimensional,high-speed compressible turbulent flows using ODT models.展开更多
This study intends to examine the analytical solutions to the resulting one-dimensional differential equation of acancer tumor model in the frame of time-fractional order with the Caputo-fractional operator employing ...This study intends to examine the analytical solutions to the resulting one-dimensional differential equation of acancer tumor model in the frame of time-fractional order with the Caputo-fractional operator employing a highlyefficient methodology called the q-homotopy analysis transform method.So,the preferred approach effectivelyfound the analytic series solution of the proposed model.The procured outcomes of the present frameworkdemonstrated that this method is authentic for obtaining solutions to a time-fractional-order cancer model.Theresults achieved graphically specify that the concerned paradigm is dependent on arbitrary order and parametersand also disclose the competence of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
The dimensionality of quantum materials strongly affects their physical properties.Although many emergent phenomena,such as charge-density wave and Luttinger liquid behavior,are well understood in one-dimensional(1D)s...The dimensionality of quantum materials strongly affects their physical properties.Although many emergent phenomena,such as charge-density wave and Luttinger liquid behavior,are well understood in one-dimensional(1D)systems,the generalization to explore them in higher dimensional systems is still a challenging task.In this study,we aim to bridge this gap by systematically investigating the crystal and electronic structures of molybdenum-oxide family compounds,where the contexture of 1D chains facilitates rich emergent properties.While the quasi-1D chains in these materials share general similarities,such as the motifs made up of MoO_(6)octahedrons,they exhibit vast complexity and remarkable tunability.We disassemble the 1D chains in molybdenum oxides with different dimensions and construct effective models to excellently fit their low-energy electronic structures obtained by ab initio calculations.Furthermore,we discuss the implications of such chains on other physical properties of the materials and the practical significance of the effective models.Our work establishes the molybdenum oxides as simple and tunable model systems for studying and manipulating the dimensionality in quantum systems.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFE03030001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12075283)。
文摘Achieving the detachment of divertor can help to alleviate excessive heat load and sputtering problems on the target plates,thereby extending the lifetime of divertor components for fusion devices.In order to provide a fast but relatively reliable prediction of plasma parameters along the flux tube for future device design,a one-dimensional(1D)modeling code for the operating point of impurity seeded detached divertor is developed based on Python language,which is a fluid model based on previous work(Plasma Phys.Control.Fusion 58045013(2016)).The experimental observation of the onset of divertor detachment by neon(Ne)and argon(Ar)seeding in EAST is well reproduced by using the 1D modeling code.The comparison between the 1D modeling and two-dimensional(2D)simulation by the SOLPS-ITER code for CFETR detachment operation with Ne and Ar seeding also shows that they are in good agreement.We also predict the radiative power loss and corresponding impurity concentration requirement for achieving divertor detachment via different impurity seeding under high heating power conditions in EAST and CFETR phase II by using the 1D model.Based on the predictions,the optimized parameter space for divertor detachment operation on EAST and CFETR is also determined.Such a simple but reliable 1D model can provide a reasonable parameter input for a detailed and accurate analysis by 2D or three-dimensional(3D)modeling tools through rapid parameter scanning.
文摘A one -dimensional time-dependent photochemical model is used to simulate the influence of ion-produced NOx and HOx radicals on the Antarctic ozone depletion in polar night and polar spring at a latitude of 73 degrees south.Vertical transport and nitrogen-oxygen (NOx). hydrogen-oxygen (HOx) production by ionic reactions have been introduced into the model.NOx and HOx produced by precipitating ions are transported into the lower stratosphere by vertical motion and have some effects in the development of the Antarctic ozone depletion.From winter through spring the calculated ozone column decreases to 269.4 DU. However, this value is significantly higher than the total ozone observed at several Antarctic ozone stations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 1372325 and 91116013)
文摘This study proposes a quasi-one-dimensional model to predict the chemical nonequilibrium flow along the stagnation streamline of hypersonic flow past a blunt body. The model solves reduced equations along the stagnation streamline and predicts nearly identical results as the numerical solution of the full-field Navier-Stokes equations. The high efficiency of this model makes it useful to investigate the overall quantitative behavior of related physical-chemical phenomena. In this paper two important properties of hypersonic flow, shock stand-off distance and oxygen dissociation, are studied using the quasi-one-dimensional model with the ideal dissociating gas model. It is found that the shock stand-off distance is affected by both chemical and thermal non-equilibrium.The shock stand-off distance will increase when the flow conditions are changed from equilibrium to non-equilibrium, because the average density of the shock-compressed gas will decrease as a result of the increase in translational energy. For oxygen dissociation, the maximum value of its dissociation degree along the stagnation line varies with the flight altitude. It is increased at first and decreased thereafter with the altitude, which is due to the combination effect of the equilibrium shift and chemical non-equilibrium relaxation. The overall variation of the maximum dissociation is then plotted in the speed and altitude coordinates as a reference for engineering application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11974420).
文摘We study the thermodynamic properties of the classical one-dimensional generalized nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattice model(n≥2)by using the cluster variation method with linear response theory.The results of this method are exact in the thermodynamic limit.We present the single-site reduced densityρ^((1))(z),averages such as(z^(2)),<|z^(n)|>,and<(z_(1)-z_(2))^(2)>,the specific heat C_(v),and the static correlation functions.We analyze the scaling behavior of these quantities and obtain the exact scaling powers at the low and high temperatures.Using these results,we gauge the accuracy of the projective truncation approximation for theφ^(4)lattice model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12475033,12135003,12174194,and 12405032)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0109000)+1 种基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessupport from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M730299).
文摘We propose an eigen microstate approach(EMA)for analyzing quantum phase transitions in quantum many-body systems,introducing a novel framework that does not require prior knowledge of an order parameter.Using the transversefield Ising model(TFIM)as a case study,we demonstrate the effectiveness of EMA by identifying key features of the phase transition through the scaling behavior of eigenvalues and the structure of associated eigen microstates.Our results reveal substantial changes in the ground state of the TFIM as it undergoes a phase transition,as reflected in the behavior of specific componentsξ_(i)^((k))within the eigen microstates.This method is expected to be applicable to other quantum systems where predefining an order parameter is challenging.
基金supported by the ADEN-MED project(Adaptability to Extreme Events and Natural Risks-Application to the Mediterranean and Djibouti)funded by the Région Sud Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur under the AAP MEDCLIMAT“Natural Risks and Food Sovereignty”.
文摘We propose a new section-averaged one-dimensional model for blood flows in deformable arteries.The model is derived from the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations,written in cylindrical coordinates,under the“thin-artery”assumption(similar to the“shallow-water”assumption for free surface models).The blood flow/artery interaction is taken into account through suitable boundary conditions.The obtained equations enter the scope of the nonlinear convection-diffusion problems.We show that the resulting model is energetically consistent.The proposed model extends most extant models by adding more scope,depending on an additional viscous term.We compare both models computationally based on an Incomplete Interior Penalty Galerkin(IIPG)method for the parabolic part,and on a Runge Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin(RKDG)method for the hyperbolic part.The time discretization explicit/implicit is based on the well-known Additive Runge-Kutta(ARK)method.Moreover,through a suitable change of variables,by construction,we show that the numerical scheme is well-balanced,i.e.,it preserves exactly still-steady state solutions.To end,we numerically investigate its efficiency through several test cases with a confrontation to an exact solution.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(51705326,52075339)。
文摘In sub nanometer carbon nanotubes,water exhibits unique dynamic characteristics,and in the high-frequency region of the infrared spectrum,where the stretching vibrations of the internal oxygen-hydrogen(O-H)bonds are closely related to the hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)network between water molecules.Therefore,it is crucial to analyze the relationship between these two aspects.In this paper,the infrared spectrum and motion characteristics of the stretching vibrations of the O-H bonds in one-dimensional confined water(1DCW)and bulk water(BW)in(6,6)single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNT)are studied by molecular dynamics simulations.The results show that the stretching vibrations of the two O-H bonds in 1DCW exhibit different frequencies in the infrared spectrum,while the O-H bonds in BW display two identical main frequency peaks.Further analysis using the spring oscillator model reveals that the difference in the stretching amplitude of the O-H bonds is the main factor causing the change in vibration frequency,where an increase in stretching amplitude leads to a decrease in spring stiffness and,consequently,a lower vibration frequency.A more in-depth study found that the interaction of H-bonds between water molecules is the fundamental cause of the increased stretching amplitude and decreased vibration frequency of the O-H bonds.Finally,by analyzing the motion trajectory of the H atoms,the dynamic differences between 1DCW and BW are clearly revealed.These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the behavior of water molecules at the nanoscale and are of significant importance in advancing the development of infrared spectroscopy detection technology.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11174026)。
文摘Using the Bose-Fermi mapping method,we obtain the exact ground state wavefunction of one-dimensional(1D)Bose gas with the zero-range dipolar interaction in the strongly repulsive contact interaction limit.Its ground state density distributions for both repulsive and attractive dipole interactions are exhibited.It is shown that in the case of the finite dipole interaction the density profiles do not change obviously with the increase of dipole interaction and display the typical shell structure of Tonks-Girardeau gases.As the repulsive dipole interaction is greatly strong,the density decreases at the center of the trap and displays a sunken valley.As the attractive dipole interaction increases,the density displays more oscillations and sharp peaks appear in the strong attraction limit,which mainly originate from the atoms occupying the low single particle levels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22202065).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal sulfides(TMDs)are emerging and highly well received 2D materials,which are considered as an ideal 2D platform for studying various electronic properties and potential applications due to their chemical diversity.Converting 2D TMDs into one-dimensional(1D)TMDs nanotubes can not only retain some advantages of 2D nanosheets but also providing a unique direction to explore the novel properties of TMDs materials in the 1D limit.However,the controllable preparation of high-quality nanotubes remains a major challenge.It is very necessary to review the advanced development of one-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes from preparation to application.Here,we first summarize a series of bottom-up synthesis methods of 1D TMDs,such as template growth and metal catalyzed method.Then,top-down synthesis methods are summarized,which included selfcuring and stacking of TMDs nanosheets.In addition,we discuss some key applications that utilize the properties of 1D-TMDs nanotubes in the areas of catalyst preparation,energy storage,and electronic devices.Last but not least,we prospect the preparation methods of high-quality 1D-TMDs nanotubes,which will lay a foundation for the synthesis of high-performance optoelectronic devices,catalysts,and energy storage components.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52371240)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘The oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a critical half-reaction in water electrolysis,has garnered significant attention.However,sluggish OER kinetics has emerged as a major impediment to efficient electrochemical energy conversion.There is an urgent need to design novel electrocatalysts with optimized OER kinetics and enhanced intrinsic activity to improve overall OER performance.Herein,one-dimensional(1D)nanocomposites with high electrocatalytic activity were developed through the deposition of CoFePBA nanocubes onto the surface of MnO_(2) nanowires.The electronic structure of the nanocomposite surface was modified,and the synergistic effects between transition metals were leveraged to enhance catalytic activity through the deposition of Prussian blue analog(PBA)nanocubes on manganese dioxide nanowires.Specifically,CoFePBA featured an open crystal structure that offiered numerous electrochemical active sites and efficient charge transfer pathways.Additionally,the synergistic interactions between Co and Fe significantly reduced the OER overpotential.Additionally,the 1D rigid MnO_(2) acted as protective armor,ensuring the stability of active sites within CoFePBA during the OER.The synthesized MnO_(2)@CoFePBA achieved an overpotential of 1.614 V at 10 mA/cm^(2) and a small Tafel slope of 94 mV/dec and demonstrated stable performance for over 200 h.This work offers new insights into the rational design of various PBA-based nanocomposites with high activity and stability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 92477205)。
文摘Controlling charge polarity in the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs) by substitutional doping is a difficult work due to their extremely strong C–C bonding. In this work, an inner doping strategy is explored by filling CNTs with one-dimensional(1D)-TM_(6)Te_(6) nanowires to form TM_(6)Te_(6)@CNT-(16,0) 1D van der Waals heterostructures(1D-vd WHs). The systematic first-principles studies on the electronic properties of 1D-vd WHs show that N-type doping CNTs can be formed by charge transfer from TM_(6)Te_(6) nanowires to CNTs, without introducing additional carrier scattering.Particularly, contribution from both T M(e.g., Sc and Y) and Te atoms strengthens the charge transfer. The outside CNTs further confine the dispersion of Te-p orbitals in nanowires that deforms the C-π states at the bottom of the conduction band to quasi sp^(3) hybridization. Our study provides an inner doping strategy that can effectively confine the charge polarity of CNTs and further broaden its applications in some novel nano-devices.
基金supported by the Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202201600)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2808304).
文摘Surface waves have a considerable effect on vertical mixing in the upper ocean.In the past two decades,the vertical mixing induced through nonbreaking surface waves has been used in ocean and climate models to improve the simulation of the upper ocean.Thus far,several nonbreaking wave-induced mixing parameterization schemes have been proposed;however,no quantitative comparison has been performed among them.In this paper,a one-dimensional ocean model was used to compare the performances of five schemes,including those of Qiao et al.(Q),Hu and Wang(HW),Huang and Qiao(HQ),Pleskachevsky et al.(P),and Ghantous and Babanin(GB).Similar to previous studies,all of these schemes can decrease the simulated sea surface temperature(SST),increase the subsurface temperature,and deepen the mixed layer,thereby alleviating the common thermal deviation problem of the ocean model for upper ocean simulation.Among these schemes,the HQ scheme exhibited the weakest wave-induced mixing effect,and the HW scheme exhibited the strongest effect;the other three schemes exhibited roughly the same effect.In particular,the Q and P schemes exhibited nearly the same effect.In the simulation based on observations from the Ocean Weather Station Papa,the HQ scheme exhibited the best performance,followed by the Q scheme.In the experiment with the HQ scheme,the root-mean-square deviation of the simulated SST from the observations was 0.43℃,and the mixed layer depth(MLD)was 2.0 m.As a contrast,the deviations of the SST and MLD reached 1.25℃ and 8.4 m,respectively,in the experiment without wave-induced mixing.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11902293 and 12272353)。
文摘In this paper,the mechanical response of a one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal(PQC)thin film is analyzed under electric and temperature loads.Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory,a theoretical model is proposed,resulting in coupled governing integral equations that account for interfacial normal and shear stresses.To numerically solve these integral equations,an expansion method using orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials is employed.The results provide insights into the interfacial stresses,axial force,as well as axial and vertical deformations of the PQC film.Additionally,fracture criteria,including stress intensity factors,mode angles,and the J-integral,are evaluated.The solution is compared with the membrane theory,neglecting the normal stress and bending deformation.Finally,the effects of stiffness and aspect ratio on the PQC film are thoroughly discussed.This study serves as a valuable guide for controlling the mechanical response and conducting safety assessments of PQC film systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42030810,42104115)。
文摘The similarities and differences in inherent mechanism and characteristic frequency between the onedimensional(1D)poroelastic model and the layered White model were investigated.This investigation was conducted under the assumption that the rock was homogenous and isotropic at the mesoscopic scale.For the inherent mechanism,both models resulted from quasi-static flow in a slow P-wave diffusion mode,and the differences between them originated from saturated fluids and boundary conditions.On the other hand,for the characteristic frequencies of the models,the characteristic frequency of the 1D poroelastic model was first modified because the elastic constant and formula for calculating it were misused and then compared to that of the layered White model.Both of them moved towards higher frequencies with increasing permeability and decreasing viscosity and diffusion length.The differences between them were due to the diffusion length.The diffusion length for the 1D poroelastic model was determined by the sample length,whereas that for the layered White model was determined by the length of the representative elementary volume(REV).Subsequently,a numerical example was presented to demonstrate the similarities and differences between the models.Finally,published experimental data were interpreted using the 1D poroelastic model combined with the Cole-Cole model.The prediction of the combined model was in good agreement with the experimental data,thereby validating the effectiveness of the 1D poroelastic model.Furthermore,the modified characteristic frequency in our study was much closer to the experimental data than the previous prediction,validating the effectiveness of our modification of the characteristic frequency of the 1D poroelastic model.The investigation provided insight into the internal relationship between wave-induced fluid flow(WIFF)models at macroscopic and mesoscopic scales and can aid in a better understanding of the elastic modulus dispersion and attenuation caused by the WIFF at different scales.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12104372,12047511,and 12247103)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities。
文摘Tan's contact C is an important quantity measuring the two-body correlations at short distances in a dilute system.Here we make use of the technique of exactly solved models to study the thermal-contact capacity K_(T),i.e.,the derivative of C with respect to temperature in the attractive Gaudin-Yang model.It is found that K_(T) is useful in identifying the low temperature phase diagram,and using the obtained analytical expression of K_(T),we study its critical behavior and the scaling law.Especially,we show K_(T) versus temperature and thus the non-monotonic tendency of C in a tiny interval,for both spin-balanced and imbalanced phases.Such a phenomenon is merely observed in multi-component systems such as SU(2)Fermi gases and spinor bosons,indicating the crossover from the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid to the spin-coherent liquid.
基金cosupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12202487)。
文摘The modeling of turbulence,especially the high-speed compressible turbulence encountered in aerospace engineering,has always being a significant challenge in terms of balancing efficiency and accuracy.Most traditional models typically show limitations in universality,accuracy,and reliance on past experience.The stochastic multi-scale models show great potential in addressing these issues by representing turbulence across all characteristic scales in a reduced-dimensional space,maintaining sufficient accuracy while reducing computational cost.This review systematically summarizes advances in methods related to a widely used and refined stochastic multi-scale model,the One-Dimensional Turbulence(ODT).The advancements in formulations are emphasized for stand-alone incompressible ODT models,stand-alone compressible ODT models,and coupling methods.Some diagrams are also provided to facilitate more readers to understand the ODT methods.Subsequently,the significant developments and applications of stand-alone ODT models and coupling methods are introduced and critically evaluated.Despite the extensively recognized effectiveness of ODT models in low-speed turbulent flows,it is crucial to emphasize that there is still a research gap in the field of ODT coupling methods that are capable of accurately and efficiently simulating complex,three-dimensional,high-speed compressible turbulent flows up to now.Based on an analysis of the advantages and limitations of existing ODT methods,the recent advancement in the conservative compressible ODT model is considered to have provided a promising approach to tackle the modeling challenges of high-speed compressible turbulence.Therefore,this review outlines several recommended new research subjects and challenging issues to inspire further research in simulating complex,three-dimensional,high-speed compressible turbulent flows using ODT models.
基金Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia supported this research under Project Number PSAU/2024/01/99519.
文摘This study intends to examine the analytical solutions to the resulting one-dimensional differential equation of acancer tumor model in the frame of time-fractional order with the Caputo-fractional operator employing a highlyefficient methodology called the q-homotopy analysis transform method.So,the preferred approach effectivelyfound the analytic series solution of the proposed model.The procured outcomes of the present frameworkdemonstrated that this method is authentic for obtaining solutions to a time-fractional-order cancer model.Theresults achieved graphically specify that the concerned paradigm is dependent on arbitrary order and parametersand also disclose the competence of the proposed algorithm.
文摘The dimensionality of quantum materials strongly affects their physical properties.Although many emergent phenomena,such as charge-density wave and Luttinger liquid behavior,are well understood in one-dimensional(1D)systems,the generalization to explore them in higher dimensional systems is still a challenging task.In this study,we aim to bridge this gap by systematically investigating the crystal and electronic structures of molybdenum-oxide family compounds,where the contexture of 1D chains facilitates rich emergent properties.While the quasi-1D chains in these materials share general similarities,such as the motifs made up of MoO_(6)octahedrons,they exhibit vast complexity and remarkable tunability.We disassemble the 1D chains in molybdenum oxides with different dimensions and construct effective models to excellently fit their low-energy electronic structures obtained by ab initio calculations.Furthermore,we discuss the implications of such chains on other physical properties of the materials and the practical significance of the effective models.Our work establishes the molybdenum oxides as simple and tunable model systems for studying and manipulating the dimensionality in quantum systems.
