The anodic electrochemical ozone production(EOP)and the cathodic three-electron oxygen reduction reaction(3e^(-)ORR)are effective processes for generating active oxygen species(ROS).However,the activation of ozone(O_(...The anodic electrochemical ozone production(EOP)and the cathodic three-electron oxygen reduction reaction(3e^(-)ORR)are effective processes for generating active oxygen species(ROS).However,the activation of ozone(O_(3))by hydroxyl radical(OH)to form ROS poses significant challenges.The micelle balllike bimetallic La-Nb oxides(LNOx)have been developed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for both the EOP and 3e^(-)ORR reactions.The LNO20 demonstrated a 9.8%of Faradaic efficiency(FE)in O_(3)production and a transfer number of 2.8 electrons in the 3e^(-)ORR.Theoretical calculations support the notion that the five-membered ring mechanism in LNO20 facilitates O_(3)production.Additionally,the incorporation of La provides active sites that enhance the activation of hydrogen peroxide(^(*)H_(2)O_(2))and the generation of OH.This innovative approach synergistically integrates EOP and 3e^(-)ORR,enhancing the activation of O_(3)to produce ROS,demonstrating exceptional efficacy in the degradation of organic pollutants and antimicrobial activity.The study paves the way for designing advanced electrocatalysts for EOP and 3e^(-)ORR and offers insights into utilizing electrochemical method to support other antibacterial strategies.展开更多
A novel system for measuring net photochemical ozone production rates in the atmosphere based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy(OPR-CRDS)was developed.The system consists of two chambers(a reaction chamber and a refere...A novel system for measuring net photochemical ozone production rates in the atmosphere based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy(OPR-CRDS)was developed.The system consists of two chambers(a reaction chamber and a reference chamber)and a dual-channel O_(x)-CRDS detector.To minimize the wall loss of O_(x)in the chambers,the inner surfaces of both chambers are coated with Teflon film.The performance of the OPR-CRDS system was characterized.It was found that even though the photolysis frequency(J value)decreased by 10%,the decrease in the P(O_(3))caused by the ultraviolet-blocking film coating was less than 3%.The two chambers had a good consistency in the mean residence time and the measurement of NO_(2)and O_(x)under the condition of no sunlight.The detection limit of the OPR-CRDS was determined to be 0.20 ppbv/hr.To further verify the accuracy of the system,the direct measurement values of the OPR-CRDS systemwere comparedwith the calculation results based on radical(OH,HO_(2),and RO_(2))reactions,and a good correlation was obtained between the measured and calculated values.Finally,the developed instrument was applied to obtain the comprehensive field observations at an urban site in the Yangtze River Delta(China)for 40 days,the time series and change characteristics of the P(O_(3))were obtained directly,and the good environmental adaptability and stability of the OPR-CRDS system were demonstrated.It is expected that the new instrument will be beneficial to investigations of the relationship between P(O_(3))and its precursors.展开更多
Six new prenylated flavonoid glycosides,including four new furan-flavonoid glycosides wushepimedoside A–D(1–4)and two new prenyl flavonoid derivatives wushepimedoside E–F(5–6),and one know analog epimedkoreside B(...Six new prenylated flavonoid glycosides,including four new furan-flavonoid glycosides wushepimedoside A–D(1–4)and two new prenyl flavonoid derivatives wushepimedoside E–F(5–6),and one know analog epimedkoreside B(7)were isolated from biotransformation products of the aerial parts of Epimedium wushanense.Their structures were elucidated according to comprehensive analysis of HR-MS and NMR spectroscopic data,and the absolute configurations were assigned using experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD)data.The regulatory activity of compounds 1–7 on the production of testosterone in primary rat Leydig cells were investigated,and 4 and 5 exhibited testosterone production-promoting activities.Molecular docking analysis suggested that bioactive compounds 4 and 5 showed the stable binding with 3β-HSD and 4 also had good affinity with Cyp17A1,which suggested that these compounds may regulate testosterone production through stimulating the expression of the above two key proteins.展开更多
Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior...Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior depends on the size of the PtZn nanoparticles and their EOP activity exhibits a volcano-type dependence for the O3 performance in neutral media. The 7.7-PtZn/Zn-N-C exhibits EOP current efficiency of 4.2%, and shows the prominent performance in the production of gaseous O3 with a value of 1647 ppb at 30 min, which is almost 4-fold compared to 2.2-Pt Zn/Zn-N-C. Based on the experiments and theoretical calculations, the performance of the EOP process was determined by the nanoparticle size-effect and the synergistic effect between the PtZn nanoparticles and atomically dispersed Zn-N-C. Furthermore, the fivemembered cyclic structure of O3 can be stabilized between the PtZn nanoparticle and the Zn-N-C support,indicating that O3 is produced at the interface.展开更多
Cadmium （Cd） is an elemental heavy metal with widely recognized toxicity. Its long-term use in industrial processes and daily activities has caused alarming levels of Cd contamination in the natural environment. Acc...Cadmium （Cd） is an elemental heavy metal with widely recognized toxicity. Its long-term use in industrial processes and daily activities has caused alarming levels of Cd contamination in the natural environment. According to the estimates by the Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry in the US, 25 000 to 30 000 metric tons of Cd is annually released to the environment . Results of previous studies have demonstrated that several organs are targets of Cd, but the most important of these targeted organs may be the testes.展开更多
[Objectives] To observe the effect of "One Disease, One Product" nursing program in improving swallowing function and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients.[Methods] 240 patients with stroke co...[Objectives] To observe the effect of "One Disease, One Product" nursing program in improving swallowing function and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients.[Methods] 240 patients with stroke complicated with dysphagia were divided into intervention group and control group according to the random number table method, with 120 cases in each group. The patients in the intervention group were treated with "One Disease, One Product" nursing program for standardized process nursing, and the control group was treated with routine nursing for stroke. Three weeks later, the swallowing function of the two groups of patients was evaluated by water swallowing test. At the same time, Barthel life index was used to evaluate patients activities of daily living (ADL) before nursing, after 3 weeks and after 3 months of nursing.[Results] After 3 weeks, the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function in both groups increased compared with before, and the increase was more obvious in the intervention group. The difference in the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant. The BI index scores after 3 weeks or at the follow-up three months later showed that compared with the same group before care, the BI index scores of patients in both groups increased significantly compared with before, but the increase was even greater in the intervention group, close to normal.[Conclusions] The "One Disease, One Product" nursing program can significantly improve the swallowing function of stroke patients, and can improve the near and long-term activities of daily living of patients, thus creating a high-quality nursing service brand.展开更多
Although ectopic hormone-production is uncommon complication, certain tumors can produce symptoms due to the secretion of various bioactive substances accompanied by the aberrantly located tumors. Because of the poten...Although ectopic hormone-production is uncommon complication, certain tumors can produce symptoms due to the secretion of various bioactive substances accompanied by the aberrantly located tumors. Because of the potential for the ovary to act as a source of aberrant hormone secretion, in the literature, ectopic hormone production from ovarian tumor includes granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), peptide-YY, gastrin and insulin. All patients may present with syndromes of hormone excess. Failure to localize the ovarian tumor preoperatively may be associated with a significantly higher risk of subsequent unnecessary ablative procedures. Better characterization of hormonal forms relatively specific for neoplasia may enhance the clinical value of ectopic hormones as tumor markers, especially in malignancies that are commonly associated with ectopic hormone production. These circumstances may recommend complete preoperative evaluation of the pelvis in female patients presenting with nonlocalizable endocrine tumors.展开更多
Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum tech...Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum technique, has been established. The standard plate was drawn using the extinction coefficient E of sample oils formulated artificially as y-axis and the wavelength as x-axis. The curve resulting from the UV analysis of sample oils in the commingled well was inserted into the standard plate and compared. The proportion of each single zone in the commingled producing well was identical with the proportion of the curve which is closest to the curve of sample oils formulated artificially. In the well QHD32-6-3 field, taking well A22 for example and using this method, the production contribution of a single zone was calculated. The result showed that the Nm4 zone is a major "contributor", the proportion of the Nm4 zone is 70%, and that of the Nm1 zone is 30%. The ultraviolet spectrum technique provided a new reservoir geochemical technique of monitoring production contribution, especially for biodegraded heavy oil, but it has some limitation, just depending on the GC fingerprint technique.展开更多
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass,compromised bone microstructure,and an increased risk of fractures,primarily due to excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption relativ...Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass,compromised bone microstructure,and an increased risk of fractures,primarily due to excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption relative to osteoblast-mediated bone formation.While current anti-osteoporosis drugs,such as bisphosphonates and denosumab,predominantly focus on reducing bone resorption,osteoanabolic approaches are essential for restoring bone microarchitecture and ultimately reducing fracture risk.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)and their active ingredients have long been used in China for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effects and molecular mechanisms of 65 natural products across 24 categories on osteoblast-mediated bone formation.These compounds promote bone formation by regulating key transcription factors(RUNX2 and Osterix)and signaling pathways,including WNT/β-catenin,bone morphogenic protein(BMP),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT),oxidative stress,autophagy,and epigenetic regulation.Notably,certain natural products[e.g.,icariin(ICA)]exert their effects through multiple targets and pathways.Many of these natural products have demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in animal models,such as ovariectomized(OVX)mice.Our findings suggest that natural products with kidney-tonifying,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant properties,as well as those inhibiting adipocyte differentiation,may hold promise for osteoporosis treatment.Additionally,we highlight current research gaps and propose future directions,including high-throughput screening and validation in diverse animal models,development of novel bone-targeting delivery systems,and identification of natural compounds targeting osteocytes.展开更多
Utilizing efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical techniques for the synthesis of valuable chemicals represents an optimal strategy for enhancing energy utilization.Electrochemical ozone production(EOP),recognized ...Utilizing efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical techniques for the synthesis of valuable chemicals represents an optimal strategy for enhancing energy utilization.Electrochemical ozone production(EOP),recognized for its cleanliness and adaptability,emerges as a promising energy conversion technology for the synthesis of high-value chemicals.However,the selection of anode materials poses a significant challenge to the widespread commercial deployment of EOP,and a thorough investigation into this area is crucial for improving both the performance and durability.In this review,we delve into the fundamental principle of ozone generation,explore the advantages and constraints associated with various EOP systems,and discuss how the utilization of advanced membrane electrode assembly(MEA)electrolysis cells can sustain an overall efficiency of 20%or higher.This review offers objective evaluations of various anode materials and summarizes recent advancements in EOP,highlighting laboratory-measured current efficiencies that surpass 50%.Lastly,this review delineates the myriad challenges encountered within the current EOP research and proposes potential avenues for future development,all in an effort to furnish indispensable insights for the industrial implementation of EOP.展开更多
Zearalenone(ZEN),a mycotoxin present in cereals,poses significant health risks to animals and humans due to its estrogenic effects.Numerous studies on the enzymatic detoxification of ZEN have predominantly focused on ...Zearalenone(ZEN),a mycotoxin present in cereals,poses significant health risks to animals and humans due to its estrogenic effects.Numerous studies on the enzymatic detoxification of ZEN have predominantly focused on reducing the parent toxin to assess the enzyme’s efficacy,yet there is limited research on the identification and toxicity evaluation of the enzymatic degradation products.This study investigated the enzymatic degradation mechanisms of ZEN using commercial peroxidase(POD)and laccase(LC),with a focus on identifying degradation products and assessing their hepatotoxicity effects.Molecular docking and dynamics simulations elucidated the binding mechanisms between these enzymes and ZEN,revealing strong interactions that facilitate efficient detoxification.Subsequent analysis employing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-HRMS)successfully identified crucial degradation products.Hepatic toxicity of the enzymatic degradation products was comprehensively assessed in HepaRG liver cells through systematic measurements of cell viability,oxidative stress,apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential,and molecular metabolic profiles.Our findings demonstrate that both POD and LC exhibit significant efficacy in mitigating hepatocyte toxicity induced by ZEN,thereby highlighting their potential utility in enhancing food safety.This research provides essential data for safety evaluation regarding enzymatic detoxification of ZEN while offering theoretical and technical resources for risk assessment related to mycotoxin enzymatic detoxification.展开更多
Mycobacterium marinum can cause disease in both human beings and fishes.Infected fish exhibits symptoms commonly referred to as fish tuberculosis.In this research,we screened a 14-Membered Resorcylic Acid Lactones(RAL...Mycobacterium marinum can cause disease in both human beings and fishes.Infected fish exhibits symptoms commonly referred to as fish tuberculosis.In this research,we screened a 14-Membered Resorcylic Acid Lactones(RALs)library constructed in the laboratory for in vitro anti-Mycobacterium marinum activity and found that several compounds,including compounds 3,4,6,10,and 17–26,showed good activity.Notably,the trace natural product cochilimycin B(compound 3)possesses significant long-lasting inhibitory function to Mycobacterium marinum.It also shows synergistic effects with drugs like isoniazid,ethambutol,and bedaquiline(FICI≤0.5).In addition,cochilimycin B showed a significant inhibitory effect on the biofilm produced by Mycobacterium marinum,with an inhibition rate of 65.9%.To solve the bottleneck problem of natural product drug sources,we realized an efficient one-step semi-synthetic method to obtain compound 3 with a yield of 32.1%.In vivo,inflammatory changes in BALB/c mice infected with Mycobacterium marinum were characterized.After 12 h of infection,IL-1βwas 20%–30%lower in the spleen and tail of the3-treated group compared to the control group.In the thymus and tail of the treated group,TNF-αlevels were 30%–60%lower than in the control group.This is the first time that the significant anti-Mycobacterium marinum effect of cochilimycin B from 14-Membered Resorcylic Acid Lactones(14-RALs)was reported,offering a new chemical molecule for anti-Mycobacterium marinum drug research.展开更多
In coal mining on a high-pressure Ordovician limestone aquifer,grouting materials should have sufficient mechanical properties,particularly strong interfacial bonding performance to address stress concentration at the...In coal mining on a high-pressure Ordovician limestone aquifer,grouting materials should have sufficient mechanical properties,particularly strong interfacial bonding performance to address stress concentration at the grout-limestone interface induced by rock stress disturbances during mining.In this study,graphene oxide(GO)was integrated into cement-polyacrylate composite grout to improve its interfacial bonding.First,four-point bending tests were conducted,and the Monte Carlo method combined with the simplex search algorithm was employed to determine the variations in shear cohesion and static friction parameters.The results reveal that GO can significantly increase both the tensile and shear cohesion of the grout-limestone interface,but minimally affects the interfacial friction coefficient.Second,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)tests were performed.The results indicate that GO nanosheets result in a squamaceous microstructure of the grout consolidation mass,increasing the adhesion of the grout-limestone interface.Moreover,spiny Aft(ettringite)clusters can be induced in limestone fracture surfaces by GO,which could serve as anchors for limestone and grout consolidation mass.展开更多
In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology bas...In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.展开更多
To address the challenges associated with existing separated zone oil production technologies,such as incompatibility with pump inspection operations,short effective working life,and poor communication reliability,an ...To address the challenges associated with existing separated zone oil production technologies,such as incompatibility with pump inspection operations,short effective working life,and poor communication reliability,an innovative electromagnetic coupling intelligent zonal oil production technology has been proposed.The core and accessory tools have been developed and applied in field tests.This technology employs a pipe string structure incorporation a release sub,which separates the production and allocation pipe strings.When the two strings are docked downhole,electromagnetic coupling enables close-range wireless transmission of electrical power and signals between the strings,powering multiple downhole intelligent production allocators(IPAs)and enabling two-way communication.Core tools adapted to the complex working conditions downhole were developed,including downhole electricity&signal transmission equipment based on electromagnetic coupling(EST),IPAs,and ground communication controllers(GCCs).Accessory tools,including large-diameter release sub anchor and cable-crossing packers,have also been technically finalized.Field tests conducted on ten wells in Daqing Oilfield demonstrated that the downhole docking of the two strings was convenient and reliable,and the EST worked stably.Real-time monitoring of flow rate,pressure and temperature in separate layers and regulation of zonal fluid production were also achieved.This technology has enhanced reservoir understanding and achieved practical production results of increased oil output with reduced water cut.展开更多
Progesterone is a widely used therapeutic hormone and a common precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceutical steroids in both mammals and plants.It has been successfully produced in heterologous microorganisms,but the...Progesterone is a widely used therapeutic hormone and a common precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceutical steroids in both mammals and plants.It has been successfully produced in heterologous microorganisms,but the market demand has not been met.The low progesterone yield,possibly due to product stress,may put pressure on the growth of strains and limit product synthesis efficiency.In this study,key pathways and genes that cause changes in amino acid and lipid metabolism and protein transport were identified through omics analysis.The expression of transporters leads to increased progesterone production and alleviated growth inhibition.Two related genes(gene IDs:2912325 and 2908366)encoding the transporters glpF and SNQ2 improved production by 29.2% and 51.7%,respectively.Isoenzymes of native and exogenous transporters were screened and overexpressed.YCF1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibited the greatest benefit,increasing progesterone syn-thesis by 69.6%.Our findings help reveal the impact of product stress on cellular metabolism and processes,providing research directions and literature support for the synthesis of other products.展开更多
Static disorder plays a crucial role in the electronic dynamics and spec-troscopy of complex molecular sys-tems.Traditionally,obtaining ob-servables averaged over static disor-der requires thousands of realiza-tions v...Static disorder plays a crucial role in the electronic dynamics and spec-troscopy of complex molecular sys-tems.Traditionally,obtaining ob-servables averaged over static disor-der requires thousands of realiza-tions via direct sampling of the dis-order distribution,leading to high computational costs.In this work,we extend the auxiliary degree-of-freedom based matrix product state(MPS)method to handle system-bath correlated thermal equilibrium initial states,which can capture static disorder effects using a one-shot quantum dynamical simulation.We validate the effectiveness of the extended method by computing the dipole-dipole time correlation function of the Holstein model relevant to the emission spectrum of molecular aggregates.Our results show that the one-shot method is very accu-rate with only a moderate increase in MPS bond dimension,thereby significantly reducing computational cost.Moreover,it enables the generation of a much larger number of samples than the conventional direct sampling method at negligible additional cost,thus reducing sta-tistical errors.This method provides a broadly useful tool for calculating equilibrium time cor-relation functions in system-bath coupled models with static disorder.展开更多
The quality of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions(TCMPs)is critical to clinical efficacy;however,evaluating their consistency and identifying sources of variability remain challenging.This study proposes a...The quality of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions(TCMPs)is critical to clinical efficacy;however,evaluating their consistency and identifying sources of variability remain challenging.This study proposes an integrated strategy to assess the quality of 100 widely sold TCMPs.A"one-for-all"chromatographic method was employed to analyze 645 sample batches.This large-scale data collection enabled statistical evaluations,such as hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)and similarity heatmap,to identify quality inconsistencies.The introduction of a TCM-specific mass spectrometry(MS)database allowed for rapid,automated annotation of chemicals across 100 prescriptions and facilitated the tracing of raw material sources.Results indicate that 19%of prescriptions exhibited chemical inconsistencies,which are associated with high market value,low pricing,and substantial price disparities.The MS database allowed rapid annotation of 761 and 673 compounds in positive and negative modes,respec-tively,in 100 TCMPs,with 73 prescriptions reported for the first time.The tracing efforts succeeded in identifying>40%of the raw material sources for 51 prescriptions.P93(Yinianjin(YNJ))is a case in which the chromatographic profiles from three manufacturers displayed inconsistencies.Analysis using the database traced divergent peaks to Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(RRER).Verification with self-prepared samples confirmed that manufacturers utilized three distinct botanical sources.This integrated strategy provides a scalable framework for quality control in TCMPs.展开更多
In-situ conversion of subsurface hydrocarbons via electromagnetic(EM)heating has emerged as a promising technology for producing carbon-zero and affordable hydrogen(H_(2))directly from natural gas reservoirs.However,t...In-situ conversion of subsurface hydrocarbons via electromagnetic(EM)heating has emerged as a promising technology for producing carbon-zero and affordable hydrogen(H_(2))directly from natural gas reservoirs.However,the reaction pathways and role of water as an additional hydrogen donor in EM-assisted methane-to-hydrogen(CH_(4)-to-H_(2))conversion are poorly understood.Herein,we employ a combination of lab-scale EM-heating experiments and reaction modeling analyses to unravel reaction pathways and elucidate water's role in enhancing hydrogen production.The labelled hydrogen isotope of deuterium oxide(D_(2)O)is used to trace the sources of hydrogen.The results show that water significantly boosts hydrogen yield via coke gasification at around 400℃and steam methane reforming(SMR)reaction at over 600℃in the presence of sandstone.Water-gas shift reaction exhibits a minor impact on this enhancement.Reaction mechanism analyses reveal that the involvement of water can initiate auto-catalytic loop reactions with methane,which not only generates extra hydrogen but also produces OH radicals that enhance the reactants'reactivity.This work provides crucial insights into the reaction mechanisms involved in water-carbon-methane interactions and underscores water's potential as a hydrogen donor for in-situ hydrogen production from natural gas reservoirs.It also addresses the challenges related to carbon deposition and in-situ catalyst regeneration during EM heating,thus derisking this technology and laying a foundation for future pilots.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504200)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LR22B060003)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22322810,22078293,22141001,and 22008211)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(RF-C2023004)the Midea Group-Zhejiang University of Technology Joint Development Funding(KYY-HX-20240263)。
文摘The anodic electrochemical ozone production(EOP)and the cathodic three-electron oxygen reduction reaction(3e^(-)ORR)are effective processes for generating active oxygen species(ROS).However,the activation of ozone(O_(3))by hydroxyl radical(OH)to form ROS poses significant challenges.The micelle balllike bimetallic La-Nb oxides(LNOx)have been developed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for both the EOP and 3e^(-)ORR reactions.The LNO20 demonstrated a 9.8%of Faradaic efficiency(FE)in O_(3)production and a transfer number of 2.8 electrons in the 3e^(-)ORR.Theoretical calculations support the notion that the five-membered ring mechanism in LNO20 facilitates O_(3)production.Additionally,the incorporation of La provides active sites that enhance the activation of hydrogen peroxide(^(*)H_(2)O_(2))and the generation of OH.This innovative approach synergistically integrates EOP and 3e^(-)ORR,enhancing the activation of O_(3)to produce ROS,demonstrating exceptional efficacy in the degradation of organic pollutants and antimicrobial activity.The study paves the way for designing advanced electrocatalysts for EOP and 3e^(-)ORR and offers insights into utilizing electrochemical method to support other antibacterial strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62275250 and 61905003)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2008085J20)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3700301)Anhui Provincial Key R&D Program(No.2022l07020022).
文摘A novel system for measuring net photochemical ozone production rates in the atmosphere based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy(OPR-CRDS)was developed.The system consists of two chambers(a reaction chamber and a reference chamber)and a dual-channel O_(x)-CRDS detector.To minimize the wall loss of O_(x)in the chambers,the inner surfaces of both chambers are coated with Teflon film.The performance of the OPR-CRDS system was characterized.It was found that even though the photolysis frequency(J value)decreased by 10%,the decrease in the P(O_(3))caused by the ultraviolet-blocking film coating was less than 3%.The two chambers had a good consistency in the mean residence time and the measurement of NO_(2)and O_(x)under the condition of no sunlight.The detection limit of the OPR-CRDS was determined to be 0.20 ppbv/hr.To further verify the accuracy of the system,the direct measurement values of the OPR-CRDS systemwere comparedwith the calculation results based on radical(OH,HO_(2),and RO_(2))reactions,and a good correlation was obtained between the measured and calculated values.Finally,the developed instrument was applied to obtain the comprehensive field observations at an urban site in the Yangtze River Delta(China)for 40 days,the time series and change characteristics of the P(O_(3))were obtained directly,and the good environmental adaptability and stability of the OPR-CRDS system were demonstrated.It is expected that the new instrument will be beneficial to investigations of the relationship between P(O_(3))and its precursors.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017ZX09301072)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M603041).
文摘Six new prenylated flavonoid glycosides,including four new furan-flavonoid glycosides wushepimedoside A–D(1–4)and two new prenyl flavonoid derivatives wushepimedoside E–F(5–6),and one know analog epimedkoreside B(7)were isolated from biotransformation products of the aerial parts of Epimedium wushanense.Their structures were elucidated according to comprehensive analysis of HR-MS and NMR spectroscopic data,and the absolute configurations were assigned using experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD)data.The regulatory activity of compounds 1–7 on the production of testosterone in primary rat Leydig cells were investigated,and 4 and 5 exhibited testosterone production-promoting activities.Molecular docking analysis suggested that bioactive compounds 4 and 5 showed the stable binding with 3β-HSD and 4 also had good affinity with Cyp17A1,which suggested that these compounds may regulate testosterone production through stimulating the expression of the above two key proteins.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-21776251, 21625604, 21671172 and 91934302)。
文摘Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior depends on the size of the PtZn nanoparticles and their EOP activity exhibits a volcano-type dependence for the O3 performance in neutral media. The 7.7-PtZn/Zn-N-C exhibits EOP current efficiency of 4.2%, and shows the prominent performance in the production of gaseous O3 with a value of 1647 ppb at 30 min, which is almost 4-fold compared to 2.2-Pt Zn/Zn-N-C. Based on the experiments and theoretical calculations, the performance of the EOP process was determined by the nanoparticle size-effect and the synergistic effect between the PtZn nanoparticles and atomically dispersed Zn-N-C. Furthermore, the fivemembered cyclic structure of O3 can be stabilized between the PtZn nanoparticle and the Zn-N-C support,indicating that O3 is produced at the interface.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(No.08KJD230002)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Cadmium （Cd） is an elemental heavy metal with widely recognized toxicity. Its long-term use in industrial processes and daily activities has caused alarming levels of Cd contamination in the natural environment. According to the estimates by the Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry in the US, 25 000 to 30 000 metric tons of Cd is annually released to the environment . Results of previous studies have demonstrated that several organs are targets of Cd, but the most important of these targeted organs may be the testes.
文摘[Objectives] To observe the effect of "One Disease, One Product" nursing program in improving swallowing function and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients.[Methods] 240 patients with stroke complicated with dysphagia were divided into intervention group and control group according to the random number table method, with 120 cases in each group. The patients in the intervention group were treated with "One Disease, One Product" nursing program for standardized process nursing, and the control group was treated with routine nursing for stroke. Three weeks later, the swallowing function of the two groups of patients was evaluated by water swallowing test. At the same time, Barthel life index was used to evaluate patients activities of daily living (ADL) before nursing, after 3 weeks and after 3 months of nursing.[Results] After 3 weeks, the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function in both groups increased compared with before, and the increase was more obvious in the intervention group. The difference in the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant. The BI index scores after 3 weeks or at the follow-up three months later showed that compared with the same group before care, the BI index scores of patients in both groups increased significantly compared with before, but the increase was even greater in the intervention group, close to normal.[Conclusions] The "One Disease, One Product" nursing program can significantly improve the swallowing function of stroke patients, and can improve the near and long-term activities of daily living of patients, thus creating a high-quality nursing service brand.
文摘Although ectopic hormone-production is uncommon complication, certain tumors can produce symptoms due to the secretion of various bioactive substances accompanied by the aberrantly located tumors. Because of the potential for the ovary to act as a source of aberrant hormone secretion, in the literature, ectopic hormone production from ovarian tumor includes granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), peptide-YY, gastrin and insulin. All patients may present with syndromes of hormone excess. Failure to localize the ovarian tumor preoperatively may be associated with a significantly higher risk of subsequent unnecessary ablative procedures. Better characterization of hormonal forms relatively specific for neoplasia may enhance the clinical value of ectopic hormones as tumor markers, especially in malignancies that are commonly associated with ectopic hormone production. These circumstances may recommend complete preoperative evaluation of the pelvis in female patients presenting with nonlocalizable endocrine tumors.
文摘Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum technique, has been established. The standard plate was drawn using the extinction coefficient E of sample oils formulated artificially as y-axis and the wavelength as x-axis. The curve resulting from the UV analysis of sample oils in the commingled well was inserted into the standard plate and compared. The proportion of each single zone in the commingled producing well was identical with the proportion of the curve which is closest to the curve of sample oils formulated artificially. In the well QHD32-6-3 field, taking well A22 for example and using this method, the production contribution of a single zone was calculated. The result showed that the Nm4 zone is a major "contributor", the proportion of the Nm4 zone is 70%, and that of the Nm1 zone is 30%. The ultraviolet spectrum technique provided a new reservoir geochemical technique of monitoring production contribution, especially for biodegraded heavy oil, but it has some limitation, just depending on the GC fingerprint technique.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31800059)。
文摘Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass,compromised bone microstructure,and an increased risk of fractures,primarily due to excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption relative to osteoblast-mediated bone formation.While current anti-osteoporosis drugs,such as bisphosphonates and denosumab,predominantly focus on reducing bone resorption,osteoanabolic approaches are essential for restoring bone microarchitecture and ultimately reducing fracture risk.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)and their active ingredients have long been used in China for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effects and molecular mechanisms of 65 natural products across 24 categories on osteoblast-mediated bone formation.These compounds promote bone formation by regulating key transcription factors(RUNX2 and Osterix)and signaling pathways,including WNT/β-catenin,bone morphogenic protein(BMP),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT),oxidative stress,autophagy,and epigenetic regulation.Notably,certain natural products[e.g.,icariin(ICA)]exert their effects through multiple targets and pathways.Many of these natural products have demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in animal models,such as ovariectomized(OVX)mice.Our findings suggest that natural products with kidney-tonifying,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant properties,as well as those inhibiting adipocyte differentiation,may hold promise for osteoporosis treatment.Additionally,we highlight current research gaps and propose future directions,including high-throughput screening and validation in diverse animal models,development of novel bone-targeting delivery systems,and identification of natural compounds targeting osteocytes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22208376)Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Open Project(QNESL OP 202303)+2 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2024QB175,No.ZR2023LFG005)Taishan Scholar Project(ts201712020)support from Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(202304051001023).
文摘Utilizing efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical techniques for the synthesis of valuable chemicals represents an optimal strategy for enhancing energy utilization.Electrochemical ozone production(EOP),recognized for its cleanliness and adaptability,emerges as a promising energy conversion technology for the synthesis of high-value chemicals.However,the selection of anode materials poses a significant challenge to the widespread commercial deployment of EOP,and a thorough investigation into this area is crucial for improving both the performance and durability.In this review,we delve into the fundamental principle of ozone generation,explore the advantages and constraints associated with various EOP systems,and discuss how the utilization of advanced membrane electrode assembly(MEA)electrolysis cells can sustain an overall efficiency of 20%or higher.This review offers objective evaluations of various anode materials and summarizes recent advancements in EOP,highlighting laboratory-measured current efficiencies that surpass 50%.Lastly,this review delineates the myriad challenges encountered within the current EOP research and proposes potential avenues for future development,all in an effort to furnish indispensable insights for the industrial implementation of EOP.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1102500)the Key Research and Development Projects in Hubei Province,China(2021BCA113).
文摘Zearalenone(ZEN),a mycotoxin present in cereals,poses significant health risks to animals and humans due to its estrogenic effects.Numerous studies on the enzymatic detoxification of ZEN have predominantly focused on reducing the parent toxin to assess the enzyme’s efficacy,yet there is limited research on the identification and toxicity evaluation of the enzymatic degradation products.This study investigated the enzymatic degradation mechanisms of ZEN using commercial peroxidase(POD)and laccase(LC),with a focus on identifying degradation products and assessing their hepatotoxicity effects.Molecular docking and dynamics simulations elucidated the binding mechanisms between these enzymes and ZEN,revealing strong interactions that facilitate efficient detoxification.Subsequent analysis employing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-HRMS)successfully identified crucial degradation products.Hepatic toxicity of the enzymatic degradation products was comprehensively assessed in HepaRG liver cells through systematic measurements of cell viability,oxidative stress,apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential,and molecular metabolic profiles.Our findings demonstrate that both POD and LC exhibit significant efficacy in mitigating hepatocyte toxicity induced by ZEN,thereby highlighting their potential utility in enhancing food safety.This research provides essential data for safety evaluation regarding enzymatic detoxification of ZEN while offering theoretical and technical resources for risk assessment related to mycotoxin enzymatic detoxification.
基金supported by the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42376116,41322037,U1706210)the Special Funds of Shandong Province for Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology(No.2022QNLM030003-3)+1 种基金the Shandong Province Special Fund‘Frontier Technology and Free Exploration’from Laoshan Laboratory(No.8-01)the State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources,Guangxi Normal University(No.CMEMR2023-B16)。
文摘Mycobacterium marinum can cause disease in both human beings and fishes.Infected fish exhibits symptoms commonly referred to as fish tuberculosis.In this research,we screened a 14-Membered Resorcylic Acid Lactones(RALs)library constructed in the laboratory for in vitro anti-Mycobacterium marinum activity and found that several compounds,including compounds 3,4,6,10,and 17–26,showed good activity.Notably,the trace natural product cochilimycin B(compound 3)possesses significant long-lasting inhibitory function to Mycobacterium marinum.It also shows synergistic effects with drugs like isoniazid,ethambutol,and bedaquiline(FICI≤0.5).In addition,cochilimycin B showed a significant inhibitory effect on the biofilm produced by Mycobacterium marinum,with an inhibition rate of 65.9%.To solve the bottleneck problem of natural product drug sources,we realized an efficient one-step semi-synthetic method to obtain compound 3 with a yield of 32.1%.In vivo,inflammatory changes in BALB/c mice infected with Mycobacterium marinum were characterized.After 12 h of infection,IL-1βwas 20%–30%lower in the spleen and tail of the3-treated group compared to the control group.In the thymus and tail of the treated group,TNF-αlevels were 30%–60%lower than in the control group.This is the first time that the significant anti-Mycobacterium marinum effect of cochilimycin B from 14-Membered Resorcylic Acid Lactones(14-RALs)was reported,offering a new chemical molecule for anti-Mycobacterium marinum drug research.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.U25A20810 and 2024YFF0508201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12302504).
文摘In coal mining on a high-pressure Ordovician limestone aquifer,grouting materials should have sufficient mechanical properties,particularly strong interfacial bonding performance to address stress concentration at the grout-limestone interface induced by rock stress disturbances during mining.In this study,graphene oxide(GO)was integrated into cement-polyacrylate composite grout to improve its interfacial bonding.First,four-point bending tests were conducted,and the Monte Carlo method combined with the simplex search algorithm was employed to determine the variations in shear cohesion and static friction parameters.The results reveal that GO can significantly increase both the tensile and shear cohesion of the grout-limestone interface,but minimally affects the interfacial friction coefficient.Second,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)tests were performed.The results indicate that GO nanosheets result in a squamaceous microstructure of the grout consolidation mass,increasing the adhesion of the grout-limestone interface.Moreover,spiny Aft(ettringite)clusters can be induced in limestone fracture surfaces by GO,which could serve as anchors for limestone and grout consolidation mass.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program(2021YFF0701905)。
文摘In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52374067)PetroChina Scientific Research and Technology Development Project(2021ZG12)PetroChina Technology Project(2023ZZ09).
文摘To address the challenges associated with existing separated zone oil production technologies,such as incompatibility with pump inspection operations,short effective working life,and poor communication reliability,an innovative electromagnetic coupling intelligent zonal oil production technology has been proposed.The core and accessory tools have been developed and applied in field tests.This technology employs a pipe string structure incorporation a release sub,which separates the production and allocation pipe strings.When the two strings are docked downhole,electromagnetic coupling enables close-range wireless transmission of electrical power and signals between the strings,powering multiple downhole intelligent production allocators(IPAs)and enabling two-way communication.Core tools adapted to the complex working conditions downhole were developed,including downhole electricity&signal transmission equipment based on electromagnetic coupling(EST),IPAs,and ground communication controllers(GCCs).Accessory tools,including large-diameter release sub anchor and cable-crossing packers,have also been technically finalized.Field tests conducted on ten wells in Daqing Oilfield demonstrated that the downhole docking of the two strings was convenient and reliable,and the EST worked stably.Real-time monitoring of flow rate,pressure and temperature in separate layers and regulation of zonal fluid production were also achieved.This technology has enhanced reservoir understanding and achieved practical production results of increased oil output with reduced water cut.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Develop-ment Program of China(2021YFC2101000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071415).
文摘Progesterone is a widely used therapeutic hormone and a common precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceutical steroids in both mammals and plants.It has been successfully produced in heterologous microorganisms,but the market demand has not been met.The low progesterone yield,possibly due to product stress,may put pressure on the growth of strains and limit product synthesis efficiency.In this study,key pathways and genes that cause changes in amino acid and lipid metabolism and protein transport were identified through omics analysis.The expression of transporters leads to increased progesterone production and alleviated growth inhibition.Two related genes(gene IDs:2912325 and 2908366)encoding the transporters glpF and SNQ2 improved production by 29.2% and 51.7%,respectively.Isoenzymes of native and exogenous transporters were screened and overexpressed.YCF1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibited the greatest benefit,increasing progesterone syn-thesis by 69.6%.Our findings help reveal the impact of product stress on cellular metabolism and processes,providing research directions and literature support for the synthesis of other products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273005 and No.22422301)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2023ZD0300200)+1 种基金the National Security Academic Foundation(No.U2330201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Static disorder plays a crucial role in the electronic dynamics and spec-troscopy of complex molecular sys-tems.Traditionally,obtaining ob-servables averaged over static disor-der requires thousands of realiza-tions via direct sampling of the dis-order distribution,leading to high computational costs.In this work,we extend the auxiliary degree-of-freedom based matrix product state(MPS)method to handle system-bath correlated thermal equilibrium initial states,which can capture static disorder effects using a one-shot quantum dynamical simulation.We validate the effectiveness of the extended method by computing the dipole-dipole time correlation function of the Holstein model relevant to the emission spectrum of molecular aggregates.Our results show that the one-shot method is very accu-rate with only a moderate increase in MPS bond dimension,thereby significantly reducing computational cost.Moreover,it enables the generation of a much larger number of samples than the conventional direct sampling method at negligible additional cost,thus reducing sta-tistical errors.This method provides a broadly useful tool for calculating equilibrium time cor-relation functions in system-bath coupled models with static disorder.
基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project/Program,China(Grant Nos.:GUIKEAA22096029,GUIKEAA23023035)State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science Project,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC),China(Grant No.:2024SKLDRS0101)+1 种基金Shanghai Institute of Material Medical(SIMM)-National EngineeringResearch Center of TCM Standardization Technology Independent Research Program,Chinathe staff members of the Large-scale MS System at the National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai(NFPs),Zhangjiang Lab,China for providing technical support.
文摘The quality of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions(TCMPs)is critical to clinical efficacy;however,evaluating their consistency and identifying sources of variability remain challenging.This study proposes an integrated strategy to assess the quality of 100 widely sold TCMPs.A"one-for-all"chromatographic method was employed to analyze 645 sample batches.This large-scale data collection enabled statistical evaluations,such as hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)and similarity heatmap,to identify quality inconsistencies.The introduction of a TCM-specific mass spectrometry(MS)database allowed for rapid,automated annotation of chemicals across 100 prescriptions and facilitated the tracing of raw material sources.Results indicate that 19%of prescriptions exhibited chemical inconsistencies,which are associated with high market value,low pricing,and substantial price disparities.The MS database allowed rapid annotation of 761 and 673 compounds in positive and negative modes,respec-tively,in 100 TCMPs,with 73 prescriptions reported for the first time.The tracing efforts succeeded in identifying>40%of the raw material sources for 51 prescriptions.P93(Yinianjin(YNJ))is a case in which the chromatographic profiles from three manufacturers displayed inconsistencies.Analysis using the database traced divergent peaks to Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(RRER).Verification with self-prepared samples confirmed that manufacturers utilized three distinct botanical sources.This integrated strategy provides a scalable framework for quality control in TCMPs.
基金supported by a generous gift from The CH Foundationthe support from the Distinguished Graduate Student Assistantship and the Graduate Research Support Award at Texas Tech University+1 种基金the Aid fund from AAPGthe Matejek Family Faculty Fellowship。
文摘In-situ conversion of subsurface hydrocarbons via electromagnetic(EM)heating has emerged as a promising technology for producing carbon-zero and affordable hydrogen(H_(2))directly from natural gas reservoirs.However,the reaction pathways and role of water as an additional hydrogen donor in EM-assisted methane-to-hydrogen(CH_(4)-to-H_(2))conversion are poorly understood.Herein,we employ a combination of lab-scale EM-heating experiments and reaction modeling analyses to unravel reaction pathways and elucidate water's role in enhancing hydrogen production.The labelled hydrogen isotope of deuterium oxide(D_(2)O)is used to trace the sources of hydrogen.The results show that water significantly boosts hydrogen yield via coke gasification at around 400℃and steam methane reforming(SMR)reaction at over 600℃in the presence of sandstone.Water-gas shift reaction exhibits a minor impact on this enhancement.Reaction mechanism analyses reveal that the involvement of water can initiate auto-catalytic loop reactions with methane,which not only generates extra hydrogen but also produces OH radicals that enhance the reactants'reactivity.This work provides crucial insights into the reaction mechanisms involved in water-carbon-methane interactions and underscores water's potential as a hydrogen donor for in-situ hydrogen production from natural gas reservoirs.It also addresses the challenges related to carbon deposition and in-situ catalyst regeneration during EM heating,thus derisking this technology and laying a foundation for future pilots.
