The anodic electrochemical ozone production(EOP)and the cathodic three-electron oxygen reduction reaction(3e^(-)ORR)are effective processes for generating active oxygen species(ROS).However,the activation of ozone(O_(...The anodic electrochemical ozone production(EOP)and the cathodic three-electron oxygen reduction reaction(3e^(-)ORR)are effective processes for generating active oxygen species(ROS).However,the activation of ozone(O_(3))by hydroxyl radical(OH)to form ROS poses significant challenges.The micelle balllike bimetallic La-Nb oxides(LNOx)have been developed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for both the EOP and 3e^(-)ORR reactions.The LNO20 demonstrated a 9.8%of Faradaic efficiency(FE)in O_(3)production and a transfer number of 2.8 electrons in the 3e^(-)ORR.Theoretical calculations support the notion that the five-membered ring mechanism in LNO20 facilitates O_(3)production.Additionally,the incorporation of La provides active sites that enhance the activation of hydrogen peroxide(^(*)H_(2)O_(2))and the generation of OH.This innovative approach synergistically integrates EOP and 3e^(-)ORR,enhancing the activation of O_(3)to produce ROS,demonstrating exceptional efficacy in the degradation of organic pollutants and antimicrobial activity.The study paves the way for designing advanced electrocatalysts for EOP and 3e^(-)ORR and offers insights into utilizing electrochemical method to support other antibacterial strategies.展开更多
A novel system for measuring net photochemical ozone production rates in the atmosphere based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy(OPR-CRDS)was developed.The system consists of two chambers(a reaction chamber and a refere...A novel system for measuring net photochemical ozone production rates in the atmosphere based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy(OPR-CRDS)was developed.The system consists of two chambers(a reaction chamber and a reference chamber)and a dual-channel O_(x)-CRDS detector.To minimize the wall loss of O_(x)in the chambers,the inner surfaces of both chambers are coated with Teflon film.The performance of the OPR-CRDS system was characterized.It was found that even though the photolysis frequency(J value)decreased by 10%,the decrease in the P(O_(3))caused by the ultraviolet-blocking film coating was less than 3%.The two chambers had a good consistency in the mean residence time and the measurement of NO_(2)and O_(x)under the condition of no sunlight.The detection limit of the OPR-CRDS was determined to be 0.20 ppbv/hr.To further verify the accuracy of the system,the direct measurement values of the OPR-CRDS systemwere comparedwith the calculation results based on radical(OH,HO_(2),and RO_(2))reactions,and a good correlation was obtained between the measured and calculated values.Finally,the developed instrument was applied to obtain the comprehensive field observations at an urban site in the Yangtze River Delta(China)for 40 days,the time series and change characteristics of the P(O_(3))were obtained directly,and the good environmental adaptability and stability of the OPR-CRDS system were demonstrated.It is expected that the new instrument will be beneficial to investigations of the relationship between P(O_(3))and its precursors.展开更多
[Objectives] To observe the effect of "One Disease, One Product" nursing program in improving swallowing function and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients.[Methods] 240 patients with stroke co...[Objectives] To observe the effect of "One Disease, One Product" nursing program in improving swallowing function and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients.[Methods] 240 patients with stroke complicated with dysphagia were divided into intervention group and control group according to the random number table method, with 120 cases in each group. The patients in the intervention group were treated with "One Disease, One Product" nursing program for standardized process nursing, and the control group was treated with routine nursing for stroke. Three weeks later, the swallowing function of the two groups of patients was evaluated by water swallowing test. At the same time, Barthel life index was used to evaluate patients activities of daily living (ADL) before nursing, after 3 weeks and after 3 months of nursing.[Results] After 3 weeks, the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function in both groups increased compared with before, and the increase was more obvious in the intervention group. The difference in the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant. The BI index scores after 3 weeks or at the follow-up three months later showed that compared with the same group before care, the BI index scores of patients in both groups increased significantly compared with before, but the increase was even greater in the intervention group, close to normal.[Conclusions] The "One Disease, One Product" nursing program can significantly improve the swallowing function of stroke patients, and can improve the near and long-term activities of daily living of patients, thus creating a high-quality nursing service brand.展开更多
Six new prenylated flavonoid glycosides,including four new furan-flavonoid glycosides wushepimedoside A–D(1–4)and two new prenyl flavonoid derivatives wushepimedoside E–F(5–6),and one know analog epimedkoreside B(...Six new prenylated flavonoid glycosides,including four new furan-flavonoid glycosides wushepimedoside A–D(1–4)and two new prenyl flavonoid derivatives wushepimedoside E–F(5–6),and one know analog epimedkoreside B(7)were isolated from biotransformation products of the aerial parts of Epimedium wushanense.Their structures were elucidated according to comprehensive analysis of HR-MS and NMR spectroscopic data,and the absolute configurations were assigned using experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD)data.The regulatory activity of compounds 1–7 on the production of testosterone in primary rat Leydig cells were investigated,and 4 and 5 exhibited testosterone production-promoting activities.Molecular docking analysis suggested that bioactive compounds 4 and 5 showed the stable binding with 3β-HSD and 4 also had good affinity with Cyp17A1,which suggested that these compounds may regulate testosterone production through stimulating the expression of the above two key proteins.展开更多
Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior...Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior depends on the size of the PtZn nanoparticles and their EOP activity exhibits a volcano-type dependence for the O3 performance in neutral media. The 7.7-PtZn/Zn-N-C exhibits EOP current efficiency of 4.2%, and shows the prominent performance in the production of gaseous O3 with a value of 1647 ppb at 30 min, which is almost 4-fold compared to 2.2-Pt Zn/Zn-N-C. Based on the experiments and theoretical calculations, the performance of the EOP process was determined by the nanoparticle size-effect and the synergistic effect between the PtZn nanoparticles and atomically dispersed Zn-N-C. Furthermore, the fivemembered cyclic structure of O3 can be stabilized between the PtZn nanoparticle and the Zn-N-C support,indicating that O3 is produced at the interface.展开更多
Cadmium （Cd） is an elemental heavy metal with widely recognized toxicity. Its long-term use in industrial processes and daily activities has caused alarming levels of Cd contamination in the natural environment. Acc...Cadmium （Cd） is an elemental heavy metal with widely recognized toxicity. Its long-term use in industrial processes and daily activities has caused alarming levels of Cd contamination in the natural environment. According to the estimates by the Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry in the US, 25 000 to 30 000 metric tons of Cd is annually released to the environment . Results of previous studies have demonstrated that several organs are targets of Cd, but the most important of these targeted organs may be the testes.展开更多
Although ectopic hormone-production is uncommon complication, certain tumors can produce symptoms due to the secretion of various bioactive substances accompanied by the aberrantly located tumors. Because of the poten...Although ectopic hormone-production is uncommon complication, certain tumors can produce symptoms due to the secretion of various bioactive substances accompanied by the aberrantly located tumors. Because of the potential for the ovary to act as a source of aberrant hormone secretion, in the literature, ectopic hormone production from ovarian tumor includes granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), peptide-YY, gastrin and insulin. All patients may present with syndromes of hormone excess. Failure to localize the ovarian tumor preoperatively may be associated with a significantly higher risk of subsequent unnecessary ablative procedures. Better characterization of hormonal forms relatively specific for neoplasia may enhance the clinical value of ectopic hormones as tumor markers, especially in malignancies that are commonly associated with ectopic hormone production. These circumstances may recommend complete preoperative evaluation of the pelvis in female patients presenting with nonlocalizable endocrine tumors.展开更多
Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum tech...Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum technique, has been established. The standard plate was drawn using the extinction coefficient E of sample oils formulated artificially as y-axis and the wavelength as x-axis. The curve resulting from the UV analysis of sample oils in the commingled well was inserted into the standard plate and compared. The proportion of each single zone in the commingled producing well was identical with the proportion of the curve which is closest to the curve of sample oils formulated artificially. In the well QHD32-6-3 field, taking well A22 for example and using this method, the production contribution of a single zone was calculated. The result showed that the Nm4 zone is a major "contributor", the proportion of the Nm4 zone is 70%, and that of the Nm1 zone is 30%. The ultraviolet spectrum technique provided a new reservoir geochemical technique of monitoring production contribution, especially for biodegraded heavy oil, but it has some limitation, just depending on the GC fingerprint technique.展开更多
Utilizing efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical techniques for the synthesis of valuable chemicals represents an optimal strategy for enhancing energy utilization.Electrochemical ozone production(EOP),recognized ...Utilizing efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical techniques for the synthesis of valuable chemicals represents an optimal strategy for enhancing energy utilization.Electrochemical ozone production(EOP),recognized for its cleanliness and adaptability,emerges as a promising energy conversion technology for the synthesis of high-value chemicals.However,the selection of anode materials poses a significant challenge to the widespread commercial deployment of EOP,and a thorough investigation into this area is crucial for improving both the performance and durability.In this review,we delve into the fundamental principle of ozone generation,explore the advantages and constraints associated with various EOP systems,and discuss how the utilization of advanced membrane electrode assembly(MEA)electrolysis cells can sustain an overall efficiency of 20%or higher.This review offers objective evaluations of various anode materials and summarizes recent advancements in EOP,highlighting laboratory-measured current efficiencies that surpass 50%.Lastly,this review delineates the myriad challenges encountered within the current EOP research and proposes potential avenues for future development,all in an effort to furnish indispensable insights for the industrial implementation of EOP.展开更多
In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology bas...In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.展开更多
To address the challenges associated with existing separated zone oil production technologies,such as incompatibility with pump inspection operations,short effective working life,and poor communication reliability,an ...To address the challenges associated with existing separated zone oil production technologies,such as incompatibility with pump inspection operations,short effective working life,and poor communication reliability,an innovative electromagnetic coupling intelligent zonal oil production technology has been proposed.The core and accessory tools have been developed and applied in field tests.This technology employs a pipe string structure incorporation a release sub,which separates the production and allocation pipe strings.When the two strings are docked downhole,electromagnetic coupling enables close-range wireless transmission of electrical power and signals between the strings,powering multiple downhole intelligent production allocators(IPAs)and enabling two-way communication.Core tools adapted to the complex working conditions downhole were developed,including downhole electricity&signal transmission equipment based on electromagnetic coupling(EST),IPAs,and ground communication controllers(GCCs).Accessory tools,including large-diameter release sub anchor and cable-crossing packers,have also been technically finalized.Field tests conducted on ten wells in Daqing Oilfield demonstrated that the downhole docking of the two strings was convenient and reliable,and the EST worked stably.Real-time monitoring of flow rate,pressure and temperature in separate layers and regulation of zonal fluid production were also achieved.This technology has enhanced reservoir understanding and achieved practical production results of increased oil output with reduced water cut.展开更多
In-situ conversion of subsurface hydrocarbons via electromagnetic(EM)heating has emerged as a promising technology for producing carbon-zero and affordable hydrogen(H_(2))directly from natural gas reservoirs.However,t...In-situ conversion of subsurface hydrocarbons via electromagnetic(EM)heating has emerged as a promising technology for producing carbon-zero and affordable hydrogen(H_(2))directly from natural gas reservoirs.However,the reaction pathways and role of water as an additional hydrogen donor in EM-assisted methane-to-hydrogen(CH_(4)-to-H_(2))conversion are poorly understood.Herein,we employ a combination of lab-scale EM-heating experiments and reaction modeling analyses to unravel reaction pathways and elucidate water's role in enhancing hydrogen production.The labelled hydrogen isotope of deuterium oxide(D_(2)O)is used to trace the sources of hydrogen.The results show that water significantly boosts hydrogen yield via coke gasification at around 400℃and steam methane reforming(SMR)reaction at over 600℃in the presence of sandstone.Water-gas shift reaction exhibits a minor impact on this enhancement.Reaction mechanism analyses reveal that the involvement of water can initiate auto-catalytic loop reactions with methane,which not only generates extra hydrogen but also produces OH radicals that enhance the reactants'reactivity.This work provides crucial insights into the reaction mechanisms involved in water-carbon-methane interactions and underscores water's potential as a hydrogen donor for in-situ hydrogen production from natural gas reservoirs.It also addresses the challenges related to carbon deposition and in-situ catalyst regeneration during EM heating,thus derisking this technology and laying a foundation for future pilots.展开更多
Static disorder plays a crucial role in the electronic dynamics and spec-troscopy of complex molecular sys-tems.Traditionally,obtaining ob-servables averaged over static disor-der requires thousands of realiza-tions v...Static disorder plays a crucial role in the electronic dynamics and spec-troscopy of complex molecular sys-tems.Traditionally,obtaining ob-servables averaged over static disor-der requires thousands of realiza-tions via direct sampling of the dis-order distribution,leading to high computational costs.In this work,we extend the auxiliary degree-of-freedom based matrix product state(MPS)method to handle system-bath correlated thermal equilibrium initial states,which can capture static disorder effects using a one-shot quantum dynamical simulation.We validate the effectiveness of the extended method by computing the dipole-dipole time correlation function of the Holstein model relevant to the emission spectrum of molecular aggregates.Our results show that the one-shot method is very accu-rate with only a moderate increase in MPS bond dimension,thereby significantly reducing computational cost.Moreover,it enables the generation of a much larger number of samples than the conventional direct sampling method at negligible additional cost,thus reducing sta-tistical errors.This method provides a broadly useful tool for calculating equilibrium time cor-relation functions in system-bath coupled models with static disorder.展开更多
The production processes for Si and FeSi have traditionally been considered slag-free.However,recent excavations have revealed significant accumulation of CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)slag within the furnaces.This accumul...The production processes for Si and FeSi have traditionally been considered slag-free.However,recent excavations have revealed significant accumulation of CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)slag within the furnaces.This accumulation can obstruct the flow of materials and gases,resulting in lower metal yield and higher energy consumption.The main objective of the current work is to enhance our understanding of slag formation during Si and FeSi production.We investigate slag formation through the dissolution of limestone and iron oxide in quartz and condensate,focusing on the reactions between these materials at a gram scale.Our findings indicate that most slag reaches equilibrium relatively quickly at temperatures starting from 1673 K.Notably,slag formation starts at lower temperature when the iron source is present (1573 K) compared to when only CaO is involved (1673 K).The minor elements tend to accumulate at quartz grain boundaries prior to slag formation.Furthermore,the slag produced from condensate contains less SiO_(2)than that generated from quartz with limestone.The type of quartz source and SiO_(2)phase appears to have little influence on slag formation.Good wettability is a significant factor in reaction between quartz and slag.FactSage calculations indicates that the viscosity of the slag ranges from 0.02 to 14.4 Pa·s under furnace conditions,comparable to the viscosity of honey or motor oil at room temperature.展开更多
This study examines the feasibility and prospects of integrating marine renewable energy(MRE)with green hydrogen production in Indonesia.As global energy demand increases and the environmental impacts of fossil fuels ...This study examines the feasibility and prospects of integrating marine renewable energy(MRE)with green hydrogen production in Indonesia.As global energy demand increases and the environmental impacts of fossil fuels become more pronounced,the search for sustainable alternatives intensifies.Indonesia,with its extensive maritime resources,presents a unique opportunity to harness tidal wave and offshore wind energy for green hydrogen production from seawater.This research explores various electrolysis methods,particularly those that eliminate the need for desalination,thereby enhancing efficiency and reducing costs.The findings indicate that advanced electrolysis techniques can significantly lower energy and production costs while maintaining environmental sustainability by avoiding harmful chemicals and ensuring minimal ecological footprints.Moreover,the utilization of Indonesia’s extensive marine resources can foster energy independence,boost economic growth,and lower carbon emissions,which highlights the need for ongoing research and optimization to improve the economic and environmental feasibility of these technologies.This review article provides an in-depth analysis of the potential for MRE and green hydrogen production in Indonesia,outlining a viable path toward sustainable energy development.展开更多
Using the ultra-low permeability reservoirs in the L block of the Jiangsu oilfield as an example,a series of experiments,including slim tube displacement experiments of CO_(2)-oil system,injection capacity experiments...Using the ultra-low permeability reservoirs in the L block of the Jiangsu oilfield as an example,a series of experiments,including slim tube displacement experiments of CO_(2)-oil system,injection capacity experiments,and high-temperature,high-pressure online nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)displacement experiments,are conducted to reveal the oil/gas mass transfer pattern and oil production mechanisms during CO_(2) flooding in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.The impacts of CO_(2) storage pore range and miscibility on oil production and CO_(2) storage characteristics during CO_(2) flooding are clarified.The CO_(2) flooding process is divided into three stages:oil displacement stage by CO_(2),CO_(2) breakthrough stage,CO_(2) extraction stage.Crude oil expansion and viscosity reduction are the main mechanisms for improving recovery in the CO_(2) displacement stage.After CO_(2) breakthrough,the extraction of light components from the crude oil further enhances oil recovery.During CO_(2) flooding,the contribution of crude oil in large pores to the enhanced recovery exceeds 46%,while crude oil in medium pores serves as a reserve for incremental recovery.After CO_(2) breakthrough,a small portion of the crude oil is extracted and carried into nano-scale pores by CO_(2),becoming residual oil that is hard to recover.As the miscibility increases,the CO_(2) front moves more stably and sweeps a larger area,leading to increased CO_(2) storage range and volume.The CO_(2) full-storage stage contributes the most to the overall CO_(2) storage volume.In the CO_(2) escape stage,the storage mechanism involves partial in-situ storage of crude oil within the initial pore range and the CO_(2) carrying crude oil into smaller pores to increase the volume of stored CO_(2).In the CO_(2) leakage stage,as crude oil is produced,a significant amount of CO_(2) leaks out,causing a sharp decline in the storage efficiency.展开更多
Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable route to convert water and oxygen into H_(2)O_(2)using solar energy.However,achieving long-term stability in photocatalysts remains a critica...Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable route to convert water and oxygen into H_(2)O_(2)using solar energy.However,achieving long-term stability in photocatalysts remains a critical challenge due to mismatched kinetics between oxygen reduction(ORR)and water oxidation(WOR),which leads to hole accumulation and oxidative degradation.Here,we report a redox-mediated strategy to address this bottleneck by designing a hydroquinone-embedded covalent organic framework(Tz-QH-COF)that enables reversible hole buffering and kinetic balance.The hydroquinone(QH)units act as dynamic hole reservoirs,capturing excess holes during ORR and converting to benzoquinone(Q),which is regenerated to QH via WOR,thereby preventing oxidative decomposition.This reversible QH/Q cycle,directly visualized through in situ attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy,ensures unmatched stability,achieving continuous H_(2)O_(2) production for 528 h(22 d)with an accumulated yield of 18.6 mmol L^(–1)—the highest reported duration for organic photocatalysts.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the QH units exhibit a strong oxygen adsorption energy and favorable two-electron ORR/WOR pathways with low energy barriers.The synergy between experimental and theoretical insights elucidates a redox-mediated charge-balance mechanism,advancing the design of robust photocatalysts for solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) synthesis.展开更多
NH_(2)-MIL-125 and its derivatives are receivingmore attention in various aspects of photocatalytic reactions,especially in the photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production from water(H_(2)O)and oxygen(O_(2)...NH_(2)-MIL-125 and its derivatives are receivingmore attention in various aspects of photocatalytic reactions,especially in the photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production from water(H_(2)O)and oxygen(O_(2)),which is a promising and sustainable strategy.However,the generation of H_(2)O_(2) from NH_(2)-MIL-125 is far from satisfactory due to rapid photo-generated carriers recombination and poor surface electron transfer.In the work,the composite photocatalyst CQDs/TiO_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(C/T/NM)was designed for the first time by one-step hydrothermal method.TiO_(2) was in situ converted from partial NH_(2)-MIL-125(NM)during the successful loaded of Carbon quantum dots(CQDs)by hydrothermal process.The results indicated the typeⅡheterojunction was successfully constructed between the NM and TiO_(2) interface,which could promote the transmission of photo-generated electrons.In addition,the successful loaded of CQDs could effectively transfer and stored the photo-generated electrons to the photocatalyst surface to participate in the reaction,and further avoiding the recombination of photo-generated carriers.The C/T/NM composite photocatalyst achieved a H_(2)O_(2) generation of 455μmol/L for 5 hours under visible light without oxygen bubbling,whichwas 7.1 times superior to that of NM.The H_(2)O_(2) generation rate reached 645.4μM/(g·h),which was in priority in the reported literature under the same conditions.Finally,based on the active species capture experiments,energy band structure analysis and the photoelectrochemicalmeasurements,a possiblemechanism for the efficientH_(2)O_(2) generation through C/T/NM had been proposed.This work provided new ideas for designing NH_(2)-MIL-125 based composite photocatalysts for the production of H_(2)O_(2).展开更多
Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxid...Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinical trials are required to validate the therapeutic effects of strategies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
In the self-built fruit and vegetable sorting warehouse of Lushang Group,the system is automatically scanning the QR code for agricultural product and conducts pesticide residue testing on fruits and vegetables;new pr...In the self-built fruit and vegetable sorting warehouse of Lushang Group,the system is automatically scanning the QR code for agricultural product and conducts pesticide residue testing on fruits and vegetables;new products from foreign trade factories will be directly transported to Ginza Supermarket through the“Direct Express for Domestic Product”channel,and will be shelved on the“Lushang Life”service platform within 48 hours;in front of the campus intelligent milk cabinet independently launched by Lushang Technology,students receive pasteurized milk by brushing their faces,and the data about milk source farms and sterilization parameters are sent to the parents simultaneously.This is the daily scenario of digital applications by Lushang Group’s full supply chain management.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504200)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LR22B060003)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22322810,22078293,22141001,and 22008211)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(RF-C2023004)the Midea Group-Zhejiang University of Technology Joint Development Funding(KYY-HX-20240263)。
文摘The anodic electrochemical ozone production(EOP)and the cathodic three-electron oxygen reduction reaction(3e^(-)ORR)are effective processes for generating active oxygen species(ROS).However,the activation of ozone(O_(3))by hydroxyl radical(OH)to form ROS poses significant challenges.The micelle balllike bimetallic La-Nb oxides(LNOx)have been developed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for both the EOP and 3e^(-)ORR reactions.The LNO20 demonstrated a 9.8%of Faradaic efficiency(FE)in O_(3)production and a transfer number of 2.8 electrons in the 3e^(-)ORR.Theoretical calculations support the notion that the five-membered ring mechanism in LNO20 facilitates O_(3)production.Additionally,the incorporation of La provides active sites that enhance the activation of hydrogen peroxide(^(*)H_(2)O_(2))and the generation of OH.This innovative approach synergistically integrates EOP and 3e^(-)ORR,enhancing the activation of O_(3)to produce ROS,demonstrating exceptional efficacy in the degradation of organic pollutants and antimicrobial activity.The study paves the way for designing advanced electrocatalysts for EOP and 3e^(-)ORR and offers insights into utilizing electrochemical method to support other antibacterial strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62275250 and 61905003)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2008085J20)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3700301)Anhui Provincial Key R&D Program(No.2022l07020022).
文摘A novel system for measuring net photochemical ozone production rates in the atmosphere based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy(OPR-CRDS)was developed.The system consists of two chambers(a reaction chamber and a reference chamber)and a dual-channel O_(x)-CRDS detector.To minimize the wall loss of O_(x)in the chambers,the inner surfaces of both chambers are coated with Teflon film.The performance of the OPR-CRDS system was characterized.It was found that even though the photolysis frequency(J value)decreased by 10%,the decrease in the P(O_(3))caused by the ultraviolet-blocking film coating was less than 3%.The two chambers had a good consistency in the mean residence time and the measurement of NO_(2)and O_(x)under the condition of no sunlight.The detection limit of the OPR-CRDS was determined to be 0.20 ppbv/hr.To further verify the accuracy of the system,the direct measurement values of the OPR-CRDS systemwere comparedwith the calculation results based on radical(OH,HO_(2),and RO_(2))reactions,and a good correlation was obtained between the measured and calculated values.Finally,the developed instrument was applied to obtain the comprehensive field observations at an urban site in the Yangtze River Delta(China)for 40 days,the time series and change characteristics of the P(O_(3))were obtained directly,and the good environmental adaptability and stability of the OPR-CRDS system were demonstrated.It is expected that the new instrument will be beneficial to investigations of the relationship between P(O_(3))and its precursors.
文摘[Objectives] To observe the effect of "One Disease, One Product" nursing program in improving swallowing function and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients.[Methods] 240 patients with stroke complicated with dysphagia were divided into intervention group and control group according to the random number table method, with 120 cases in each group. The patients in the intervention group were treated with "One Disease, One Product" nursing program for standardized process nursing, and the control group was treated with routine nursing for stroke. Three weeks later, the swallowing function of the two groups of patients was evaluated by water swallowing test. At the same time, Barthel life index was used to evaluate patients activities of daily living (ADL) before nursing, after 3 weeks and after 3 months of nursing.[Results] After 3 weeks, the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function in both groups increased compared with before, and the increase was more obvious in the intervention group. The difference in the proportion of stroke patients with normal swallowing function between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant. The BI index scores after 3 weeks or at the follow-up three months later showed that compared with the same group before care, the BI index scores of patients in both groups increased significantly compared with before, but the increase was even greater in the intervention group, close to normal.[Conclusions] The "One Disease, One Product" nursing program can significantly improve the swallowing function of stroke patients, and can improve the near and long-term activities of daily living of patients, thus creating a high-quality nursing service brand.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017ZX09301072)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M603041).
文摘Six new prenylated flavonoid glycosides,including four new furan-flavonoid glycosides wushepimedoside A–D(1–4)and two new prenyl flavonoid derivatives wushepimedoside E–F(5–6),and one know analog epimedkoreside B(7)were isolated from biotransformation products of the aerial parts of Epimedium wushanense.Their structures were elucidated according to comprehensive analysis of HR-MS and NMR spectroscopic data,and the absolute configurations were assigned using experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD)data.The regulatory activity of compounds 1–7 on the production of testosterone in primary rat Leydig cells were investigated,and 4 and 5 exhibited testosterone production-promoting activities.Molecular docking analysis suggested that bioactive compounds 4 and 5 showed the stable binding with 3β-HSD and 4 also had good affinity with Cyp17A1,which suggested that these compounds may regulate testosterone production through stimulating the expression of the above two key proteins.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-21776251, 21625604, 21671172 and 91934302)。
文摘Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior depends on the size of the PtZn nanoparticles and their EOP activity exhibits a volcano-type dependence for the O3 performance in neutral media. The 7.7-PtZn/Zn-N-C exhibits EOP current efficiency of 4.2%, and shows the prominent performance in the production of gaseous O3 with a value of 1647 ppb at 30 min, which is almost 4-fold compared to 2.2-Pt Zn/Zn-N-C. Based on the experiments and theoretical calculations, the performance of the EOP process was determined by the nanoparticle size-effect and the synergistic effect between the PtZn nanoparticles and atomically dispersed Zn-N-C. Furthermore, the fivemembered cyclic structure of O3 can be stabilized between the PtZn nanoparticle and the Zn-N-C support,indicating that O3 is produced at the interface.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(No.08KJD230002)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Cadmium （Cd） is an elemental heavy metal with widely recognized toxicity. Its long-term use in industrial processes and daily activities has caused alarming levels of Cd contamination in the natural environment. According to the estimates by the Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry in the US, 25 000 to 30 000 metric tons of Cd is annually released to the environment . Results of previous studies have demonstrated that several organs are targets of Cd, but the most important of these targeted organs may be the testes.
文摘Although ectopic hormone-production is uncommon complication, certain tumors can produce symptoms due to the secretion of various bioactive substances accompanied by the aberrantly located tumors. Because of the potential for the ovary to act as a source of aberrant hormone secretion, in the literature, ectopic hormone production from ovarian tumor includes granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), peptide-YY, gastrin and insulin. All patients may present with syndromes of hormone excess. Failure to localize the ovarian tumor preoperatively may be associated with a significantly higher risk of subsequent unnecessary ablative procedures. Better characterization of hormonal forms relatively specific for neoplasia may enhance the clinical value of ectopic hormones as tumor markers, especially in malignancies that are commonly associated with ectopic hormone production. These circumstances may recommend complete preoperative evaluation of the pelvis in female patients presenting with nonlocalizable endocrine tumors.
文摘Based on the established mathematic model and graphic interpretation, a new method, which is used to calculate the contribution of single-zone production in a commingled producing well by the ultraviolet spectrum technique, has been established. The standard plate was drawn using the extinction coefficient E of sample oils formulated artificially as y-axis and the wavelength as x-axis. The curve resulting from the UV analysis of sample oils in the commingled well was inserted into the standard plate and compared. The proportion of each single zone in the commingled producing well was identical with the proportion of the curve which is closest to the curve of sample oils formulated artificially. In the well QHD32-6-3 field, taking well A22 for example and using this method, the production contribution of a single zone was calculated. The result showed that the Nm4 zone is a major "contributor", the proportion of the Nm4 zone is 70%, and that of the Nm1 zone is 30%. The ultraviolet spectrum technique provided a new reservoir geochemical technique of monitoring production contribution, especially for biodegraded heavy oil, but it has some limitation, just depending on the GC fingerprint technique.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22208376)Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Open Project(QNESL OP 202303)+2 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2024QB175,No.ZR2023LFG005)Taishan Scholar Project(ts201712020)support from Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(202304051001023).
文摘Utilizing efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical techniques for the synthesis of valuable chemicals represents an optimal strategy for enhancing energy utilization.Electrochemical ozone production(EOP),recognized for its cleanliness and adaptability,emerges as a promising energy conversion technology for the synthesis of high-value chemicals.However,the selection of anode materials poses a significant challenge to the widespread commercial deployment of EOP,and a thorough investigation into this area is crucial for improving both the performance and durability.In this review,we delve into the fundamental principle of ozone generation,explore the advantages and constraints associated with various EOP systems,and discuss how the utilization of advanced membrane electrode assembly(MEA)electrolysis cells can sustain an overall efficiency of 20%or higher.This review offers objective evaluations of various anode materials and summarizes recent advancements in EOP,highlighting laboratory-measured current efficiencies that surpass 50%.Lastly,this review delineates the myriad challenges encountered within the current EOP research and proposes potential avenues for future development,all in an effort to furnish indispensable insights for the industrial implementation of EOP.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program(2021YFF0701905)。
文摘In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52374067)PetroChina Scientific Research and Technology Development Project(2021ZG12)PetroChina Technology Project(2023ZZ09).
文摘To address the challenges associated with existing separated zone oil production technologies,such as incompatibility with pump inspection operations,short effective working life,and poor communication reliability,an innovative electromagnetic coupling intelligent zonal oil production technology has been proposed.The core and accessory tools have been developed and applied in field tests.This technology employs a pipe string structure incorporation a release sub,which separates the production and allocation pipe strings.When the two strings are docked downhole,electromagnetic coupling enables close-range wireless transmission of electrical power and signals between the strings,powering multiple downhole intelligent production allocators(IPAs)and enabling two-way communication.Core tools adapted to the complex working conditions downhole were developed,including downhole electricity&signal transmission equipment based on electromagnetic coupling(EST),IPAs,and ground communication controllers(GCCs).Accessory tools,including large-diameter release sub anchor and cable-crossing packers,have also been technically finalized.Field tests conducted on ten wells in Daqing Oilfield demonstrated that the downhole docking of the two strings was convenient and reliable,and the EST worked stably.Real-time monitoring of flow rate,pressure and temperature in separate layers and regulation of zonal fluid production were also achieved.This technology has enhanced reservoir understanding and achieved practical production results of increased oil output with reduced water cut.
基金supported by a generous gift from The CH Foundationthe support from the Distinguished Graduate Student Assistantship and the Graduate Research Support Award at Texas Tech University+1 种基金the Aid fund from AAPGthe Matejek Family Faculty Fellowship。
文摘In-situ conversion of subsurface hydrocarbons via electromagnetic(EM)heating has emerged as a promising technology for producing carbon-zero and affordable hydrogen(H_(2))directly from natural gas reservoirs.However,the reaction pathways and role of water as an additional hydrogen donor in EM-assisted methane-to-hydrogen(CH_(4)-to-H_(2))conversion are poorly understood.Herein,we employ a combination of lab-scale EM-heating experiments and reaction modeling analyses to unravel reaction pathways and elucidate water's role in enhancing hydrogen production.The labelled hydrogen isotope of deuterium oxide(D_(2)O)is used to trace the sources of hydrogen.The results show that water significantly boosts hydrogen yield via coke gasification at around 400℃and steam methane reforming(SMR)reaction at over 600℃in the presence of sandstone.Water-gas shift reaction exhibits a minor impact on this enhancement.Reaction mechanism analyses reveal that the involvement of water can initiate auto-catalytic loop reactions with methane,which not only generates extra hydrogen but also produces OH radicals that enhance the reactants'reactivity.This work provides crucial insights into the reaction mechanisms involved in water-carbon-methane interactions and underscores water's potential as a hydrogen donor for in-situ hydrogen production from natural gas reservoirs.It also addresses the challenges related to carbon deposition and in-situ catalyst regeneration during EM heating,thus derisking this technology and laying a foundation for future pilots.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273005 and No.22422301)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(No.2023ZD0300200)+1 种基金the National Security Academic Foundation(No.U2330201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Static disorder plays a crucial role in the electronic dynamics and spec-troscopy of complex molecular sys-tems.Traditionally,obtaining ob-servables averaged over static disor-der requires thousands of realiza-tions via direct sampling of the dis-order distribution,leading to high computational costs.In this work,we extend the auxiliary degree-of-freedom based matrix product state(MPS)method to handle system-bath correlated thermal equilibrium initial states,which can capture static disorder effects using a one-shot quantum dynamical simulation.We validate the effectiveness of the extended method by computing the dipole-dipole time correlation function of the Holstein model relevant to the emission spectrum of molecular aggregates.Our results show that the one-shot method is very accu-rate with only a moderate increase in MPS bond dimension,thereby significantly reducing computational cost.Moreover,it enables the generation of a much larger number of samples than the conventional direct sampling method at negligible additional cost,thus reducing sta-tistical errors.This method provides a broadly useful tool for calculating equilibrium time cor-relation functions in system-bath coupled models with static disorder.
基金financially supported by the Norwegian Ferroalloy Producers Research Association (FFF) and the Research Council of Norway through KSP project 326581 Recursive。
文摘The production processes for Si and FeSi have traditionally been considered slag-free.However,recent excavations have revealed significant accumulation of CaO–SiO_(2)–Al_(2)O_(3)slag within the furnaces.This accumulation can obstruct the flow of materials and gases,resulting in lower metal yield and higher energy consumption.The main objective of the current work is to enhance our understanding of slag formation during Si and FeSi production.We investigate slag formation through the dissolution of limestone and iron oxide in quartz and condensate,focusing on the reactions between these materials at a gram scale.Our findings indicate that most slag reaches equilibrium relatively quickly at temperatures starting from 1673 K.Notably,slag formation starts at lower temperature when the iron source is present (1573 K) compared to when only CaO is involved (1673 K).The minor elements tend to accumulate at quartz grain boundaries prior to slag formation.Furthermore,the slag produced from condensate contains less SiO_(2)than that generated from quartz with limestone.The type of quartz source and SiO_(2)phase appears to have little influence on slag formation.Good wettability is a significant factor in reaction between quartz and slag.FactSage calculations indicates that the viscosity of the slag ranges from 0.02 to 14.4 Pa·s under furnace conditions,comparable to the viscosity of honey or motor oil at room temperature.
基金Supported by The Indonesia Endowment Funds for Education or Lembaga Pengelola Pendidikan(LPDP)Ministry of Finance with scholarship contracts 0000559/TRP/M/19/lpdp2023.
文摘This study examines the feasibility and prospects of integrating marine renewable energy(MRE)with green hydrogen production in Indonesia.As global energy demand increases and the environmental impacts of fossil fuels become more pronounced,the search for sustainable alternatives intensifies.Indonesia,with its extensive maritime resources,presents a unique opportunity to harness tidal wave and offshore wind energy for green hydrogen production from seawater.This research explores various electrolysis methods,particularly those that eliminate the need for desalination,thereby enhancing efficiency and reducing costs.The findings indicate that advanced electrolysis techniques can significantly lower energy and production costs while maintaining environmental sustainability by avoiding harmful chemicals and ensuring minimal ecological footprints.Moreover,the utilization of Indonesia’s extensive marine resources can foster energy independence,boost economic growth,and lower carbon emissions,which highlights the need for ongoing research and optimization to improve the economic and environmental feasibility of these technologies.This review article provides an in-depth analysis of the potential for MRE and green hydrogen production in Indonesia,outlining a viable path toward sustainable energy development.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274053)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(3232028).
文摘Using the ultra-low permeability reservoirs in the L block of the Jiangsu oilfield as an example,a series of experiments,including slim tube displacement experiments of CO_(2)-oil system,injection capacity experiments,and high-temperature,high-pressure online nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)displacement experiments,are conducted to reveal the oil/gas mass transfer pattern and oil production mechanisms during CO_(2) flooding in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.The impacts of CO_(2) storage pore range and miscibility on oil production and CO_(2) storage characteristics during CO_(2) flooding are clarified.The CO_(2) flooding process is divided into three stages:oil displacement stage by CO_(2),CO_(2) breakthrough stage,CO_(2) extraction stage.Crude oil expansion and viscosity reduction are the main mechanisms for improving recovery in the CO_(2) displacement stage.After CO_(2) breakthrough,the extraction of light components from the crude oil further enhances oil recovery.During CO_(2) flooding,the contribution of crude oil in large pores to the enhanced recovery exceeds 46%,while crude oil in medium pores serves as a reserve for incremental recovery.After CO_(2) breakthrough,a small portion of the crude oil is extracted and carried into nano-scale pores by CO_(2),becoming residual oil that is hard to recover.As the miscibility increases,the CO_(2) front moves more stably and sweeps a larger area,leading to increased CO_(2) storage range and volume.The CO_(2) full-storage stage contributes the most to the overall CO_(2) storage volume.In the CO_(2) escape stage,the storage mechanism involves partial in-situ storage of crude oil within the initial pore range and the CO_(2) carrying crude oil into smaller pores to increase the volume of stored CO_(2).In the CO_(2) leakage stage,as crude oil is produced,a significant amount of CO_(2) leaks out,causing a sharp decline in the storage efficiency.
文摘Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable route to convert water and oxygen into H_(2)O_(2)using solar energy.However,achieving long-term stability in photocatalysts remains a critical challenge due to mismatched kinetics between oxygen reduction(ORR)and water oxidation(WOR),which leads to hole accumulation and oxidative degradation.Here,we report a redox-mediated strategy to address this bottleneck by designing a hydroquinone-embedded covalent organic framework(Tz-QH-COF)that enables reversible hole buffering and kinetic balance.The hydroquinone(QH)units act as dynamic hole reservoirs,capturing excess holes during ORR and converting to benzoquinone(Q),which is regenerated to QH via WOR,thereby preventing oxidative decomposition.This reversible QH/Q cycle,directly visualized through in situ attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy,ensures unmatched stability,achieving continuous H_(2)O_(2) production for 528 h(22 d)with an accumulated yield of 18.6 mmol L^(–1)—the highest reported duration for organic photocatalysts.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the QH units exhibit a strong oxygen adsorption energy and favorable two-electron ORR/WOR pathways with low energy barriers.The synergy between experimental and theoretical insights elucidates a redox-mediated charge-balance mechanism,advancing the design of robust photocatalysts for solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) synthesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.52100101)and the National Scholarship Fund.
文摘NH_(2)-MIL-125 and its derivatives are receivingmore attention in various aspects of photocatalytic reactions,especially in the photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production from water(H_(2)O)and oxygen(O_(2)),which is a promising and sustainable strategy.However,the generation of H_(2)O_(2) from NH_(2)-MIL-125 is far from satisfactory due to rapid photo-generated carriers recombination and poor surface electron transfer.In the work,the composite photocatalyst CQDs/TiO_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(C/T/NM)was designed for the first time by one-step hydrothermal method.TiO_(2) was in situ converted from partial NH_(2)-MIL-125(NM)during the successful loaded of Carbon quantum dots(CQDs)by hydrothermal process.The results indicated the typeⅡheterojunction was successfully constructed between the NM and TiO_(2) interface,which could promote the transmission of photo-generated electrons.In addition,the successful loaded of CQDs could effectively transfer and stored the photo-generated electrons to the photocatalyst surface to participate in the reaction,and further avoiding the recombination of photo-generated carriers.The C/T/NM composite photocatalyst achieved a H_(2)O_(2) generation of 455μmol/L for 5 hours under visible light without oxygen bubbling,whichwas 7.1 times superior to that of NM.The H_(2)O_(2) generation rate reached 645.4μM/(g·h),which was in priority in the reported literature under the same conditions.Finally,based on the active species capture experiments,energy band structure analysis and the photoelectrochemicalmeasurements,a possiblemechanism for the efficientH_(2)O_(2) generation through C/T/NM had been proposed.This work provided new ideas for designing NH_(2)-MIL-125 based composite photocatalysts for the production of H_(2)O_(2).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82071442 (to LS)a grant from the Jilin Provincial Department of Finance,No.JLSWSRCZX2021-004 (to LS)。
文摘Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinical trials are required to validate the therapeutic effects of strategies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
文摘In the self-built fruit and vegetable sorting warehouse of Lushang Group,the system is automatically scanning the QR code for agricultural product and conducts pesticide residue testing on fruits and vegetables;new products from foreign trade factories will be directly transported to Ginza Supermarket through the“Direct Express for Domestic Product”channel,and will be shelved on the“Lushang Life”service platform within 48 hours;in front of the campus intelligent milk cabinet independently launched by Lushang Technology,students receive pasteurized milk by brushing their faces,and the data about milk source farms and sterilization parameters are sent to the parents simultaneously.This is the daily scenario of digital applications by Lushang Group’s full supply chain management.
