Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health stat...Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health status and social life of the neighbors. That requires the local authority to set up a management strategy to control this nuisance. The evaluation of odour emissions from fishing port is complex because these emissions depend on several factors such as multiple sources of odor emissions, meteorological conditions, topography and others. That imposes the use of complementary approaches to monitor odours. In this paper, the case of Agadir fishing port is studied, which is adjacent to the tourist area and residential neighborhoods and which hosts a number of points that can generate odors. To assess this odour impact, three methods are used such as dynamic olfactometry, dispersion modeling and mobile electronic nose (e-nose). The use of these three methods in a complementary manner to assess odour impacts around a fishing port allowed both the quantification of the emissions using dynamic olfactometry and the evaluation of their impact on the study area with model dispersion. The results enabled also to identify the most affected areas of the city by odor emissions and to recognize the meteorological parameters maximizing odor impact. The other goal of this work is to compare the results of the odour dispersion modeling and e-nose measurements for one year in terms of frequency of overtaking the set alert thresholds over the same period. Comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Modeling can be used predicatively but it does not take into account fugitive emissions reliably in the absence of data on these emissions, modeling based on the hourly average misjudges the odor peaks, while e-nose made it possible to obtain validated data and provides accurate, affordable and real-time odour measurement capability tacking in to account the role of human perception without being able to characterize the extent of the odor nuisance caused by each source. We conclude that these three valuation methods provide complementary information about odor nuisance and reasonable estimates of odors.展开更多
In this study, downwind odour concentrations from a communal toilet facility were measured by trained human receptors using the plume method over a 10 day period from mid-May to mid-June 2015 over an approximate downw...In this study, downwind odour concentrations from a communal toilet facility were measured by trained human receptors using the plume method over a 10 day period from mid-May to mid-June 2015 over an approximate downwind area of 1000 m<sup>2</sup> (about 800 m long and 30 m). Source emission measurements and extensive meteorological data were collected along with the field odor concentration measurements. Modelling of the measurement events at specific receptor locations using the US EPA SCREEN3 model was compared to field odor measurements at the same locations. The study also showed how subjectivity in the use of the human nose in measuring odour strength could be reduced by selecting odour inspectors using the “Standard Procedure for Testing Individual Odour Sensitivity”. Also an odour dispersion model using the US EPA SCREEN3 model was built and simulated and the output of the simulated model compared with the measured data. A paired t-test, t(5) = -1.29, p = 0.902 (p > 0.05), showed that there was no statistically significant difference between simulated model output and measured data, hence the possible of using odour dispersion models improved operation of a communal toilet in relation to odour impact.展开更多
Umbu is a native fruit from the Brazilian Caatinga Biome,which is a source of income for families involved in extractivism.This fruit is highly perishable and production losses have been experienced.The production of ...Umbu is a native fruit from the Brazilian Caatinga Biome,which is a source of income for families involved in extractivism.This fruit is highly perishable and production losses have been experienced.The production of sparkling wine can be a strategy for better use and to add value to this fruit.Furthermore,consumers have been attracted to innovative beverages,produced with alternative raw materials and with an exotic and pleasant aroma.The potential for producing sparkling wine from umbu was evaluated through physical-chemical,instrumental(gas chromatography with detection by mass spectrometry and olfactometry)and sensory analyses(acceptance test,Just-about-right(JAR)scale,and penalty analysis).Both the base wine and the sparkling wine meet all regulatory physicochemical parameters.The volatile profile of umbu pulp contains mainly terpenes(55%),while esters predominated in the base and sparkling wines(32 and 33%,respectively).In sparkling wines,hexanoic acid(3114 mg L^(-1))and linalool(1266 mg L^(-1))were the major compounds.Among the 26 odor-active compounds of sparkling wines are mainly ethyl esters with fruity aroma(acetate,decanoate,and 2-phenylacetate;OSME area:4.8,4.8,and 5.0%,respectively),and terpenes with floral notes(p-cymene,geranic oxide and linalool;OSME area:8.5,7.4,and 6.9%,respectively).The acceptance and purchase intention tests endorsed the commercialization expectation,although JAR scale and penalty analysis showed that the umbu aroma and sweetness may be improved.The potential of umbu for the production of sparkling wines has been proven,which satisfies the current market demand for innovative beverages.展开更多
文摘Odorous emissions emitted from various sources including industrial and commercial activities have particular concerns about human health. These malodors emissions are an environmental concern that affects health status and social life of the neighbors. That requires the local authority to set up a management strategy to control this nuisance. The evaluation of odour emissions from fishing port is complex because these emissions depend on several factors such as multiple sources of odor emissions, meteorological conditions, topography and others. That imposes the use of complementary approaches to monitor odours. In this paper, the case of Agadir fishing port is studied, which is adjacent to the tourist area and residential neighborhoods and which hosts a number of points that can generate odors. To assess this odour impact, three methods are used such as dynamic olfactometry, dispersion modeling and mobile electronic nose (e-nose). The use of these three methods in a complementary manner to assess odour impacts around a fishing port allowed both the quantification of the emissions using dynamic olfactometry and the evaluation of their impact on the study area with model dispersion. The results enabled also to identify the most affected areas of the city by odor emissions and to recognize the meteorological parameters maximizing odor impact. The other goal of this work is to compare the results of the odour dispersion modeling and e-nose measurements for one year in terms of frequency of overtaking the set alert thresholds over the same period. Comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches. Modeling can be used predicatively but it does not take into account fugitive emissions reliably in the absence of data on these emissions, modeling based on the hourly average misjudges the odor peaks, while e-nose made it possible to obtain validated data and provides accurate, affordable and real-time odour measurement capability tacking in to account the role of human perception without being able to characterize the extent of the odor nuisance caused by each source. We conclude that these three valuation methods provide complementary information about odor nuisance and reasonable estimates of odors.
文摘In this study, downwind odour concentrations from a communal toilet facility were measured by trained human receptors using the plume method over a 10 day period from mid-May to mid-June 2015 over an approximate downwind area of 1000 m<sup>2</sup> (about 800 m long and 30 m). Source emission measurements and extensive meteorological data were collected along with the field odor concentration measurements. Modelling of the measurement events at specific receptor locations using the US EPA SCREEN3 model was compared to field odor measurements at the same locations. The study also showed how subjectivity in the use of the human nose in measuring odour strength could be reduced by selecting odour inspectors using the “Standard Procedure for Testing Individual Odour Sensitivity”. Also an odour dispersion model using the US EPA SCREEN3 model was built and simulated and the output of the simulated model compared with the measured data. A paired t-test, t(5) = -1.29, p = 0.902 (p > 0.05), showed that there was no statistically significant difference between simulated model output and measured data, hence the possible of using odour dispersion models improved operation of a communal toilet in relation to odour impact.
基金the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development,Brazil(CNPq,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico,Processes 304886/2022–0 and 312378/2022–0)Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel,Brazil(Coordenaçao de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior,CAPES,Process 88887.623886/2021-00)+1 种基金Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos(FINEP,contract:01.22.0614.00,reference:0230/19)Bem Diverso Project(partnership of Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria-Embrapa,Programa das Naçoes Unidas para o Desenvolvimento-PNUD and Fundo Global para o Meio Ambiente-GEF–BRA/14/G33 Embrapa/PNUD/GEF)for financial support and scholarships.
文摘Umbu is a native fruit from the Brazilian Caatinga Biome,which is a source of income for families involved in extractivism.This fruit is highly perishable and production losses have been experienced.The production of sparkling wine can be a strategy for better use and to add value to this fruit.Furthermore,consumers have been attracted to innovative beverages,produced with alternative raw materials and with an exotic and pleasant aroma.The potential for producing sparkling wine from umbu was evaluated through physical-chemical,instrumental(gas chromatography with detection by mass spectrometry and olfactometry)and sensory analyses(acceptance test,Just-about-right(JAR)scale,and penalty analysis).Both the base wine and the sparkling wine meet all regulatory physicochemical parameters.The volatile profile of umbu pulp contains mainly terpenes(55%),while esters predominated in the base and sparkling wines(32 and 33%,respectively).In sparkling wines,hexanoic acid(3114 mg L^(-1))and linalool(1266 mg L^(-1))were the major compounds.Among the 26 odor-active compounds of sparkling wines are mainly ethyl esters with fruity aroma(acetate,decanoate,and 2-phenylacetate;OSME area:4.8,4.8,and 5.0%,respectively),and terpenes with floral notes(p-cymene,geranic oxide and linalool;OSME area:8.5,7.4,and 6.9%,respectively).The acceptance and purchase intention tests endorsed the commercialization expectation,although JAR scale and penalty analysis showed that the umbu aroma and sweetness may be improved.The potential of umbu for the production of sparkling wines has been proven,which satisfies the current market demand for innovative beverages.
