Brackish water(BW)irrigation may cause soil quality deterioration and thereby a decrease in crop yields.Here we examined the impacts of applying gasification filter cake(GFC),intercropping with Portulaca oleracea(PO),...Brackish water(BW)irrigation may cause soil quality deterioration and thereby a decrease in crop yields.Here we examined the impacts of applying gasification filter cake(GFC),intercropping with Portulaca oleracea(PO),and their combination on soil quality,nutrient uptake by plants and tomato yields under BW irrigation.The treatments evaluated included(i)freshwater irrigation(Control),(ii)BW irrigation,(iii)GFC application under BW irrigation(BW+GFC),(iv)intercropping with PO under BW irrigation(BW+PO),and(v)the combined application of GFC and PO under BW irrigation(BW+PO+GFC).Overall,the use of BW for irrigation resulted in a decline in both soil quality(assessed by a soil quality index(SQI)integrating a wide range of key soil properties including salinity,nutrient availability and microbial activities)and crop yields.Nevertheless,when subjected to BW irrigation,the application of GFC successfully prevented soil salinity.Additionally,the intercropping of PO decreased the soil sodium adsorption ratio and improved the absorption of nutrients by plants.As a result,the BW+GFC+PO treatment generally showed higher tomato yield as compared to other BW-related treatments(i.e.BW,BW+GFC and BW+PO).Compared to BW,the BW+GFC+PO treatment had an average increase of 24.7% in the total fruit yield of four Cropping Seasons.Furthermore,the BW+GFC+PO treatment consistently exhibited the highest fruit quality index(FQI).Taken together,the combined application of GFC and PO is effective in promoting soil quality and crop yields under BW irrigation.展开更多
Salinity stress is amajor constraint on agricultural productivity,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.This study evaluated the potential of Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE)in mitigating salinity-induced stress ...Salinity stress is amajor constraint on agricultural productivity,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.This study evaluated the potential of Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE)in mitigating salinity-induced stress and enhancing the growth and physiological performance of Portulaca oleracea L.under NaCl concentrations of 0,50,70,and 100 mM for 50 days.A two-way ANOVA assessed the effects of NaCl concentration,ANE treatment,and their interaction.The results showed that ANE significantly increased plant height at 50 mMNaCl(p=0.0011)but had no effect at higher salinity levels(p>0.05).Shoot dry weight was significantly influenced by the interaction of NaCl and ANE(p=0.0064),with ANE increasing biomass at 0 mM but decreasing it at 100 mM NaCl.However,ANE did not significantly affect root dry weight(p>0.05).Physiological responses indicated a significant increase in proline content at 50mMNaCl(p=0.0011),supporting improved osmotic adjustment.Total soluble protein was significantly enhanced at all salinity levels except 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01).Regarding ionic regulation,ANE had no significant effect on leaf sap pH(p>0.05)but increased electrical conductivity(EC)at 70 and 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01),suggesting a role in ion homeostasis under high salinity.Photosynthetic pigments responded positively to ANE,with significant increases in chlorophyll“a”(p<0.0001)and carotenoid content(p<0.0001),while chlorophyll“b”remained unchanged(p>0.05).These findings highlight ANE’s potential as a sustainable biostimulant for improving salinity tolerance,particularly at moderate NaCl levels.Future research should focus on molecular mechanisms and long-term field applications to optimize ANE’s role in enhancing soil and crop productivity under salinity stress.展开更多
Brassica oleracea has been developed into many important crops,including cabbage,kale,cauliflower,broccoli and so on.The genome and gene annotation of cabbage(cultivar JZS),a representative morphotype of B.oleracea,ha...Brassica oleracea has been developed into many important crops,including cabbage,kale,cauliflower,broccoli and so on.The genome and gene annotation of cabbage(cultivar JZS),a representative morphotype of B.oleracea,has been widely used as a common reference in biological research.Although its genome assembly has been updated twice,the current gene annotation still lacks information on untranslated regions(UTRs)and alternative splicing(AS).Here,we constructed a high-quality gene annotation(JZSv3)using a full-length transcriptome acquired by nanopore sequencing,yielding a total of 59452 genes and 75684 transcripts.Additionally,we re-analyzed the previously reported transcriptome data related to the development of different tissues and cold response using JZSv3 as a reference,and found that 3843 out of 11908 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)underwent AS during the development of different tissues and 309 out of 903 cold-related genes underwent AS in response to cold stress.Meanwhile,we also identified many AS genes,including BolLHCB5 and BolHSP70,that displayed distinct expression patterns within variant transcripts of the same gene,highlighting the importance of JZSv3 as a pivotal reference for AS analysis.Overall,JZSv3 provides a valuable resource for exploring gene function,especially for obtaining a deeper understanding of AS regulation mechanisms.展开更多
Portulaca oleracea L. is distributed widely in China and some othercountries, which is included in the pharmacopoeias of China. In tradition, it is used in thetreatment of atheroma, and also used as antifungal and ant...Portulaca oleracea L. is distributed widely in China and some othercountries, which is included in the pharmacopoeias of China. In tradition, it is used in thetreatment of atheroma, and also used as antifungal and antiviral agents now. It also decreases bloodsugar, enhances immunity and adjusts blood lipids. The anticancer and antifungal effects ofPortulaca oleracea L. were reported in several patents. But no active component has been found. Inthis study, the chemical compositions from Portulaca oleracea L. were investigated to provideevidence for the activity of Portulaca oleracea L. .展开更多
[Objective] The experiment studied on insecticidal and antifeedant action of on Portulaca oleracea L.to provide theoretical basis for developing a new botanical insecticide by taking Portulaca oleracea L.as a raw mate...[Objective] The experiment studied on insecticidal and antifeedant action of on Portulaca oleracea L.to provide theoretical basis for developing a new botanical insecticide by taking Portulaca oleracea L.as a raw material.[Method] The insecticidal activities of the ethanol extracts and 5 kinds of extracts with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,water from Portulaca oleracea L..against Aphis sp.was studied;Leaves are using drug treatments of 5 extracts anti-feedant activity of Aphis sp.[Result] The results showed that 95% ethanol extract displayed high contact activity to Aphis sp.The corrected mortality after 48 h reached 95.4 % under the concentration of 50.00 mg·ml-1 and the insecticidal activities of 5 extracts against Aphis sp.was in the order that petroleum ether > chloroform > n-butanol > ethyl acetate >water.Five kinds of anti-feeding activity in the extract of the order for the water> ethyl acetate> n-butanol > chloroform >petroleum ether.[Conclusion] The extract from Portulaca oleracea L.has a strong contact toxicity of pesticide active on Aphis sp.substances and for a small polar compounds,the strong anti-feeding activity is a kind of larger polar compounds.展开更多
PGIP gene was obtained from Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra, named BoPGIP2. The full length of BoPGIP2 gene is 1 102 bp and the exon is 993 bp which encodes a protein of 330 amino acids with a predicted molecular...PGIP gene was obtained from Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra, named BoPGIP2. The full length of BoPGIP2 gene is 1 102 bp and the exon is 993 bp which encodes a protein of 330 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 37.1 kDa, interrupted by one intron of 95 bp in, length. Sequence analysis revealed that it has five potential N-giycosylation sites, two protein kinase C phosphrylation sites, five casin kinase Ⅱ phosphrylation sites and four N-myristoylation sites. The amino acids sequences alignment confirmed that ^145 LRR stucture was highly conserved in all aligned PGIP sequences.展开更多
In the present study, we aimed to intensively study the chemical constituents, especially organic acids from a medicinal plant Portulaca oleracea L., and screen their anti-inflammatory and quinone reductase （QR, a ph...In the present study, we aimed to intensively study the chemical constituents, especially organic acids from a medicinal plant Portulaca oleracea L., and screen their anti-inflammatory and quinone reductase （QR, a phase II detoxyfication enzyme） inductive activity. A total of 20 compounds were isolated and identified based on spectroscopic methods, as succinic acid （1）, mono-methyl succinate （2）, L-malic acid （3）, L-l-methyl malate （4）, L-4-methyl malate （5）, L-dimethyl malate （6）, L-6-ethyl citrate （7）, L-1-methyl citrate （8）, L-1,5-dimethyl citrate （9）, 4-hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid （10）, 5-hydroxymethyl-furoic acid （11）, stearic acid （12）, L-pyroglutamic acid （13）, cyclo-（tyrosine-leucine） （14）, L-isoleucine （15）, （-）-dehydrovomifoliol （16）, （-）-epiloliolide （17）, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol （18）, succinimide （19）, and uracil （20）. Among them, 14 compounds （2, 4-8, 10, 11, 13-18） were isolated from P. oleracea for the first time. Compotmd 18 （12.5 μM） exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced macrophage cells （RAW264.7） by reducing NO production, and it also increased QR activity in Hepa lclc7 cells. Compound 16 （50 μM） showed weak QR inductive activity. None of other compounds showed anti-inflammatory or QR inductive activities.展开更多
We have done a comparative study of ion status, growth and biochemical parameters in shoots and roots of seablite (Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown with different salinity levels i...We have done a comparative study of ion status, growth and biochemical parameters in shoots and roots of seablite (Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown with different salinity levels in the medium (0.5 - 750 mМ). A distinctive feature of the halophyte was a high Na+ content in tissues at its low concentration in the medium (0.5 mM). In these conditions, Na+ accumulation in seablite roots was four-fold higher than in spinach roots, and Na+ content in seablite leaves was almost 20-fold higher than in spinach. Together with an increase in sodium concentration in the medium, K+ content decreased six-fold in seablite leaves, while in spinach it did not decrease so drastically. We can suppose that in the halophyte, some processes occur only in the presence of sodium, and these functions of sodium cannot be fully fulfilled by potassium. Analysis of protein and total nitrogen content in tissues shows that at high salinity, the ability to synthesize non-protein nitrogen-containing compounds increases in the halophyte and decreases in the glycophyte. Data on proline content dynamics show that its increase in tissues of spinach (salinity levels 150 and 250 mМ) and seablite (salinity levels 0.5 and 750 mМ) is an indicator of plant injury. In seablite and spinach, proline is not a major osmoregulator. Its concentration both in roots and leaves was no more than 2.5 μmol/g fresh weight. The data presented in this work concern the accumulation and distribution of Na+, Cl?, K+ and ions, as well as growth and biochemical parameters. Our data show that the development of adaptation reactions in the whole plants in the conditions of high salinity is determined by morphofunctional systems and their interaction.展开更多
Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones that promote cell division and differentiation and are thought to affect plant immunity to multiple pathogens.However,a comprehensive analysis of cytokinin dehydrogenase/oxidase...Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones that promote cell division and differentiation and are thought to affect plant immunity to multiple pathogens.However,a comprehensive analysis of cytokinin dehydrogenase/oxidase(CKX)family genes in cabbage has not been reported.In this study,a total of 36 CKX genes were identified using a genome-wide search method.Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into three groups.They were distributed unevenly across nine chromosomes in B.oleracea,and 15 of them did not contain any introns.The results of colinearity analysis showed that 36 CKX gene in Arabidopsis was present in several copies in the Brassica oleracea genome.An analysis of cisacting elements indicated that all genes possessed at least one stress or hormone responsive cis-acting element.A heatmap of CKX gene expression showed the patterns of expression of these genes in various tissues and organs.Three genes(Bol028363,Bol031036 and Bol018140)were relatively highly expressed in all of the investigated tissues under normal conditions,showing the expression profile of housekeeping genes.Generally,the expression patterns of CKX genes in Jingfeng 1 and Xiangan 336 were quite different under the same treatment.Notably,three genes(Bol020547,Bol028392 and Bol045724)were significantly down-regulated and up-regulated in the susceptible and resistant material,respectively,after inoculation,which may indicate their crucial roles in resistance to clubroot disease.The results provide insights for better understanding the roles of CKX genes in the B.oleracea–P.brassicae interaction.展开更多
Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor (CpTI) gene was transferred into the cotyle dons and hypocotyls of cauliflower by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation met hod. The best selective concentration of kanamycin (kan) was 15 mg L...Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor (CpTI) gene was transferred into the cotyle dons and hypocotyls of cauliflower by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation met hod. The best selective concentration of kanamycin (kan) was 15 mg L-1. The con centration of carbencillin (carb) was 500 mg L-1. 14 transgenic cauliflower pla nts were obtained. The putative transformants were assayed by PCR and Southern b lotting analysis. The results indicated that CpTI gene was transferred into caul iflower successfully.展开更多
The relationship between the ploidy level of microspore-derived plants and chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells was studied in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale. In the experiment, distribution statistics anal...The relationship between the ploidy level of microspore-derived plants and chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells was studied in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale. In the experiment, distribution statistics analysis and t-test were used to perform statistical analysis on chloroplast number of different ploidy level in those stomatal guard cells mentioned above, and morphology identifying and chromosome counting were used to test accuracy of counting chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells. The chloroplast average number in stomatal guard cells was very similar among the different leaf positions on the same plant and among significantly among the different ploidy the different locations in the same stoma in the same variety. All the leaf, while the chloroplast number varied distributions of the chloroplast number in different ploidy stoma were normal distribution fitted. A correlation has been established between ploidy and chloroplast number in the stomatal guard cells. In every single stoma of microspore-derived plants, the chloroplast number for a haploid should not be more than 10, diploids 11 to 15, and polyploids more than 15. The accuracy of this method for identification of different ploidy plants was 93.93%. Furthermore, the accuracy of this method was reliable and did not vary with the plants growth conditions. Therefore, the chromosome ploidy of plants derived from microspore culture in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale can be identified by simply counting the chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells.展开更多
An anti-gene CYP86MF was introduced into hypocotyls of broccoli （Brassica oleracea L.var. italica Plenck） with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the transgenic plants were obtained by kanamycin selection. The results o...An anti-gene CYP86MF was introduced into hypocotyls of broccoli （Brassica oleracea L.var. italica Plenck） with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the transgenic plants were obtained by kanamycin selection. The results of PCR, Southern blot and Northern blot indicated that the anti-CYP86MF has been integrated into chromosome of the transgenic plant. And also, plants with hypogenetic stamina or ungerminated pollen were observed. The transgenic male sterility plant could fructify via artificial pollination with normal pollen. Thus it was proved that the pistil of male sterility plant was normally developed, and the sterility originated from anti-CYP86MF.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia(Grant No.2023BCF01046)。
文摘Brackish water(BW)irrigation may cause soil quality deterioration and thereby a decrease in crop yields.Here we examined the impacts of applying gasification filter cake(GFC),intercropping with Portulaca oleracea(PO),and their combination on soil quality,nutrient uptake by plants and tomato yields under BW irrigation.The treatments evaluated included(i)freshwater irrigation(Control),(ii)BW irrigation,(iii)GFC application under BW irrigation(BW+GFC),(iv)intercropping with PO under BW irrigation(BW+PO),and(v)the combined application of GFC and PO under BW irrigation(BW+PO+GFC).Overall,the use of BW for irrigation resulted in a decline in both soil quality(assessed by a soil quality index(SQI)integrating a wide range of key soil properties including salinity,nutrient availability and microbial activities)and crop yields.Nevertheless,when subjected to BW irrigation,the application of GFC successfully prevented soil salinity.Additionally,the intercropping of PO decreased the soil sodium adsorption ratio and improved the absorption of nutrients by plants.As a result,the BW+GFC+PO treatment generally showed higher tomato yield as compared to other BW-related treatments(i.e.BW,BW+GFC and BW+PO).Compared to BW,the BW+GFC+PO treatment had an average increase of 24.7% in the total fruit yield of four Cropping Seasons.Furthermore,the BW+GFC+PO treatment consistently exhibited the highest fruit quality index(FQI).Taken together,the combined application of GFC and PO is effective in promoting soil quality and crop yields under BW irrigation.
文摘Salinity stress is amajor constraint on agricultural productivity,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.This study evaluated the potential of Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE)in mitigating salinity-induced stress and enhancing the growth and physiological performance of Portulaca oleracea L.under NaCl concentrations of 0,50,70,and 100 mM for 50 days.A two-way ANOVA assessed the effects of NaCl concentration,ANE treatment,and their interaction.The results showed that ANE significantly increased plant height at 50 mMNaCl(p=0.0011)but had no effect at higher salinity levels(p>0.05).Shoot dry weight was significantly influenced by the interaction of NaCl and ANE(p=0.0064),with ANE increasing biomass at 0 mM but decreasing it at 100 mM NaCl.However,ANE did not significantly affect root dry weight(p>0.05).Physiological responses indicated a significant increase in proline content at 50mMNaCl(p=0.0011),supporting improved osmotic adjustment.Total soluble protein was significantly enhanced at all salinity levels except 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01).Regarding ionic regulation,ANE had no significant effect on leaf sap pH(p>0.05)but increased electrical conductivity(EC)at 70 and 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01),suggesting a role in ion homeostasis under high salinity.Photosynthetic pigments responded positively to ANE,with significant increases in chlorophyll“a”(p<0.0001)and carotenoid content(p<0.0001),while chlorophyll“b”remained unchanged(p>0.05).These findings highlight ANE’s potential as a sustainable biostimulant for improving salinity tolerance,particularly at moderate NaCl levels.Future research should focus on molecular mechanisms and long-term field applications to optimize ANE’s role in enhancing soil and crop productivity under salinity stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.31972411,31722048,and 31630068)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (Grant No.Y2022PT23)+1 种基金the Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.Chinasupported by NIFA,the Department of Agriculture,via UC-Berkeley,USA。
文摘Brassica oleracea has been developed into many important crops,including cabbage,kale,cauliflower,broccoli and so on.The genome and gene annotation of cabbage(cultivar JZS),a representative morphotype of B.oleracea,has been widely used as a common reference in biological research.Although its genome assembly has been updated twice,the current gene annotation still lacks information on untranslated regions(UTRs)and alternative splicing(AS).Here,we constructed a high-quality gene annotation(JZSv3)using a full-length transcriptome acquired by nanopore sequencing,yielding a total of 59452 genes and 75684 transcripts.Additionally,we re-analyzed the previously reported transcriptome data related to the development of different tissues and cold response using JZSv3 as a reference,and found that 3843 out of 11908 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)underwent AS during the development of different tissues and 309 out of 903 cold-related genes underwent AS in response to cold stress.Meanwhile,we also identified many AS genes,including BolLHCB5 and BolHSP70,that displayed distinct expression patterns within variant transcripts of the same gene,highlighting the importance of JZSv3 as a pivotal reference for AS analysis.Overall,JZSv3 provides a valuable resource for exploring gene function,especially for obtaining a deeper understanding of AS regulation mechanisms.
文摘Portulaca oleracea L. is distributed widely in China and some othercountries, which is included in the pharmacopoeias of China. In tradition, it is used in thetreatment of atheroma, and also used as antifungal and antiviral agents now. It also decreases bloodsugar, enhances immunity and adjusts blood lipids. The anticancer and antifungal effects ofPortulaca oleracea L. were reported in several patents. But no active component has been found. Inthis study, the chemical compositions from Portulaca oleracea L. were investigated to provideevidence for the activity of Portulaca oleracea L. .
文摘[Objective] The experiment studied on insecticidal and antifeedant action of on Portulaca oleracea L.to provide theoretical basis for developing a new botanical insecticide by taking Portulaca oleracea L.as a raw material.[Method] The insecticidal activities of the ethanol extracts and 5 kinds of extracts with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,water from Portulaca oleracea L..against Aphis sp.was studied;Leaves are using drug treatments of 5 extracts anti-feedant activity of Aphis sp.[Result] The results showed that 95% ethanol extract displayed high contact activity to Aphis sp.The corrected mortality after 48 h reached 95.4 % under the concentration of 50.00 mg·ml-1 and the insecticidal activities of 5 extracts against Aphis sp.was in the order that petroleum ether > chloroform > n-butanol > ethyl acetate >water.Five kinds of anti-feeding activity in the extract of the order for the water> ethyl acetate> n-butanol > chloroform >petroleum ether.[Conclusion] The extract from Portulaca oleracea L.has a strong contact toxicity of pesticide active on Aphis sp.substances and for a small polar compounds,the strong anti-feeding activity is a kind of larger polar compounds.
基金Supported by School High-level Talent Starting Fund of Qingdao Agriculture University:Studies on Clone and Evolution of PGIPGene from Brassica crops(630745)~~
文摘PGIP gene was obtained from Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra, named BoPGIP2. The full length of BoPGIP2 gene is 1 102 bp and the exon is 993 bp which encodes a protein of 330 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 37.1 kDa, interrupted by one intron of 95 bp in, length. Sequence analysis revealed that it has five potential N-giycosylation sites, two protein kinase C phosphrylation sites, five casin kinase Ⅱ phosphrylation sites and four N-myristoylation sites. The amino acids sequences alignment confirmed that ^145 LRR stucture was highly conserved in all aligned PGIP sequences.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81073005)Science and Technology Development Program of Shandong Province(Grant No.2014GSF119007)+2 种基金Major Project of Science and Technology of Shandong Province(Grant No.2015ZDJS04001)Young Scholars Program of Shandong University(Grant No.YSPSDU2015WLJH50)China-Australia Centre for Health Sciences Research(2015)
文摘In the present study, we aimed to intensively study the chemical constituents, especially organic acids from a medicinal plant Portulaca oleracea L., and screen their anti-inflammatory and quinone reductase （QR, a phase II detoxyfication enzyme） inductive activity. A total of 20 compounds were isolated and identified based on spectroscopic methods, as succinic acid （1）, mono-methyl succinate （2）, L-malic acid （3）, L-l-methyl malate （4）, L-4-methyl malate （5）, L-dimethyl malate （6）, L-6-ethyl citrate （7）, L-1-methyl citrate （8）, L-1,5-dimethyl citrate （9）, 4-hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid （10）, 5-hydroxymethyl-furoic acid （11）, stearic acid （12）, L-pyroglutamic acid （13）, cyclo-（tyrosine-leucine） （14）, L-isoleucine （15）, （-）-dehydrovomifoliol （16）, （-）-epiloliolide （17）, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol （18）, succinimide （19）, and uracil （20）. Among them, 14 compounds （2, 4-8, 10, 11, 13-18） were isolated from P. oleracea for the first time. Compotmd 18 （12.5 μM） exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced macrophage cells （RAW264.7） by reducing NO production, and it also increased QR activity in Hepa lclc7 cells. Compound 16 （50 μM） showed weak QR inductive activity. None of other compounds showed anti-inflammatory or QR inductive activities.
文摘We have done a comparative study of ion status, growth and biochemical parameters in shoots and roots of seablite (Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown with different salinity levels in the medium (0.5 - 750 mМ). A distinctive feature of the halophyte was a high Na+ content in tissues at its low concentration in the medium (0.5 mM). In these conditions, Na+ accumulation in seablite roots was four-fold higher than in spinach roots, and Na+ content in seablite leaves was almost 20-fold higher than in spinach. Together with an increase in sodium concentration in the medium, K+ content decreased six-fold in seablite leaves, while in spinach it did not decrease so drastically. We can suppose that in the halophyte, some processes occur only in the presence of sodium, and these functions of sodium cannot be fully fulfilled by potassium. Analysis of protein and total nitrogen content in tissues shows that at high salinity, the ability to synthesize non-protein nitrogen-containing compounds increases in the halophyte and decreases in the glycophyte. Data on proline content dynamics show that its increase in tissues of spinach (salinity levels 150 and 250 mМ) and seablite (salinity levels 0.5 and 750 mМ) is an indicator of plant injury. In seablite and spinach, proline is not a major osmoregulator. Its concentration both in roots and leaves was no more than 2.5 μmol/g fresh weight. The data presented in this work concern the accumulation and distribution of Na+, Cl?, K+ and ions, as well as growth and biochemical parameters. Our data show that the development of adaptation reactions in the whole plants in the conditions of high salinity is determined by morphofunctional systems and their interaction.
基金supported by the Youth Science Fund Project(Grant No. 31801876)。
文摘Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones that promote cell division and differentiation and are thought to affect plant immunity to multiple pathogens.However,a comprehensive analysis of cytokinin dehydrogenase/oxidase(CKX)family genes in cabbage has not been reported.In this study,a total of 36 CKX genes were identified using a genome-wide search method.Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into three groups.They were distributed unevenly across nine chromosomes in B.oleracea,and 15 of them did not contain any introns.The results of colinearity analysis showed that 36 CKX gene in Arabidopsis was present in several copies in the Brassica oleracea genome.An analysis of cisacting elements indicated that all genes possessed at least one stress or hormone responsive cis-acting element.A heatmap of CKX gene expression showed the patterns of expression of these genes in various tissues and organs.Three genes(Bol028363,Bol031036 and Bol018140)were relatively highly expressed in all of the investigated tissues under normal conditions,showing the expression profile of housekeeping genes.Generally,the expression patterns of CKX genes in Jingfeng 1 and Xiangan 336 were quite different under the same treatment.Notably,three genes(Bol020547,Bol028392 and Bol045724)were significantly down-regulated and up-regulated in the susceptible and resistant material,respectively,after inoculation,which may indicate their crucial roles in resistance to clubroot disease.The results provide insights for better understanding the roles of CKX genes in the B.oleracea–P.brassicae interaction.
文摘Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor (CpTI) gene was transferred into the cotyle dons and hypocotyls of cauliflower by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation met hod. The best selective concentration of kanamycin (kan) was 15 mg L-1. The con centration of carbencillin (carb) was 500 mg L-1. 14 transgenic cauliflower pla nts were obtained. The putative transformants were assayed by PCR and Southern b lotting analysis. The results indicated that CpTI gene was transferred into caul iflower successfully.
文摘The relationship between the ploidy level of microspore-derived plants and chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells was studied in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale. In the experiment, distribution statistics analysis and t-test were used to perform statistical analysis on chloroplast number of different ploidy level in those stomatal guard cells mentioned above, and morphology identifying and chromosome counting were used to test accuracy of counting chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells. The chloroplast average number in stomatal guard cells was very similar among the different leaf positions on the same plant and among significantly among the different ploidy the different locations in the same stoma in the same variety. All the leaf, while the chloroplast number varied distributions of the chloroplast number in different ploidy stoma were normal distribution fitted. A correlation has been established between ploidy and chloroplast number in the stomatal guard cells. In every single stoma of microspore-derived plants, the chloroplast number for a haploid should not be more than 10, diploids 11 to 15, and polyploids more than 15. The accuracy of this method for identification of different ploidy plants was 93.93%. Furthermore, the accuracy of this method was reliable and did not vary with the plants growth conditions. Therefore, the chromosome ploidy of plants derived from microspore culture in cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese kale can be identified by simply counting the chloroplast number in stomatal guard cells.
基金The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC，30370975)Zhejiang Province Key Program of Science and Technology(021102536)
文摘An anti-gene CYP86MF was introduced into hypocotyls of broccoli （Brassica oleracea L.var. italica Plenck） with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the transgenic plants were obtained by kanamycin selection. The results of PCR, Southern blot and Northern blot indicated that the anti-CYP86MF has been integrated into chromosome of the transgenic plant. And also, plants with hypogenetic stamina or ungerminated pollen were observed. The transgenic male sterility plant could fructify via artificial pollination with normal pollen. Thus it was proved that the pistil of male sterility plant was normally developed, and the sterility originated from anti-CYP86MF.
