A new method for the rapid separation of gangliosides(GLS)by capillary electrophoresis(CE)is described which is based on the use of β—cyclodextrin(β—CD)as buffer additive.The effects of β—CD concentration,pH,ele...A new method for the rapid separation of gangliosides(GLS)by capillary electrophoresis(CE)is described which is based on the use of β—cyclodextrin(β—CD)as buffer additive.The effects of β—CD concentration,pH,electrolyte composition were dis- cussed.Under optimum conditions,the complete separation of a mixture of GM1,GD1a, GD1b and GT1b was obtained within 5 min.展开更多
The pseudo-planar heterojunction(PPHJ)structure obtained via layer-by-layer(LBL)deposition offers a promising pathway for efficient and stable organic solar cells(OSCs);however,solvent-induced swelling and erosion of ...The pseudo-planar heterojunction(PPHJ)structure obtained via layer-by-layer(LBL)deposition offers a promising pathway for efficient and stable organic solar cells(OSCs);however,solvent-induced swelling and erosion of the donor layer during acceptor deposition often hinder the formation of an ideal vertical phase separation(VPS)morphology.Here,a simple approach for incorporating a highly crystalline polymer as a buffer layer between the donor and acceptor layers is proposed.We investigated the effectiveness of this strategy by constructing three systems:PM6/L8-BO,PM6:D18/L8-BO,and PM6/D18/L8-BO.Compared with the other two systems,when deposited as a separate layer,D18 with low surface energy forms a dense crystalline fibrillar network,effectively suppressing L8-BO over-penetration and mitigating chloroform-induced PM6 erosion.This architecture achieves the most favorable VPS morphology with an improved donor/acceptor gradient distribution and higher phase purity,facilitating charge transport and suppressing recombination.Moreover,the D18 buffer layer can regulate molecular packing,improve active layer crystallinity,and passivate interfacial defects to reduce energy loss.Consequently,the PM6/D18/L8-BO-based device achieved a superior power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.80%.Notably,integrating BTP-e C9 further increased the PCE to 20.21%.This study demonstrates that introducing a highly crystalline polymer as a p-i-n buffer layer can effectively optimize the VPS morphology,enabling highperformance PPHJ OSCs.展开更多
The oil-return system plays an important role in the variable refrigerant flow (VRP) systems because it ensures the reliable operation of the VRF systems. The oil-gas separator is the most essential component of the o...The oil-return system plays an important role in the variable refrigerant flow (VRP) systems because it ensures the reliable operation of the VRF systems. The oil-gas separator is the most essential component of the oil- return system, and the separation efficiency of the separator directly influences the performance of the VRF systems. Therefore, in this paper, a test rig was built to measure the oil discharge ratio of the compressor and the separation efficiency of the oil-gas separator. A sound velocity transducer was used to measure the oil mass concentration instantaneously, because the sound velocity was changed with the mass ratio of oil to refrigerant. The separation efficiency of the separator could be obtained by comparing the mass fraction of oil to refrigerant before and after the separator was connected to the system.展开更多
文摘A new method for the rapid separation of gangliosides(GLS)by capillary electrophoresis(CE)is described which is based on the use of β—cyclodextrin(β—CD)as buffer additive.The effects of β—CD concentration,pH,electrolyte composition were dis- cussed.Under optimum conditions,the complete separation of a mixture of GM1,GD1a, GD1b and GT1b was obtained within 5 min.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52333006 and 22479066)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20224ACB214002)。
文摘The pseudo-planar heterojunction(PPHJ)structure obtained via layer-by-layer(LBL)deposition offers a promising pathway for efficient and stable organic solar cells(OSCs);however,solvent-induced swelling and erosion of the donor layer during acceptor deposition often hinder the formation of an ideal vertical phase separation(VPS)morphology.Here,a simple approach for incorporating a highly crystalline polymer as a buffer layer between the donor and acceptor layers is proposed.We investigated the effectiveness of this strategy by constructing three systems:PM6/L8-BO,PM6:D18/L8-BO,and PM6/D18/L8-BO.Compared with the other two systems,when deposited as a separate layer,D18 with low surface energy forms a dense crystalline fibrillar network,effectively suppressing L8-BO over-penetration and mitigating chloroform-induced PM6 erosion.This architecture achieves the most favorable VPS morphology with an improved donor/acceptor gradient distribution and higher phase purity,facilitating charge transport and suppressing recombination.Moreover,the D18 buffer layer can regulate molecular packing,improve active layer crystallinity,and passivate interfacial defects to reduce energy loss.Consequently,the PM6/D18/L8-BO-based device achieved a superior power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.80%.Notably,integrating BTP-e C9 further increased the PCE to 20.21%.This study demonstrates that introducing a highly crystalline polymer as a p-i-n buffer layer can effectively optimize the VPS morphology,enabling highperformance PPHJ OSCs.
文摘The oil-return system plays an important role in the variable refrigerant flow (VRP) systems because it ensures the reliable operation of the VRF systems. The oil-gas separator is the most essential component of the oil- return system, and the separation efficiency of the separator directly influences the performance of the VRF systems. Therefore, in this paper, a test rig was built to measure the oil discharge ratio of the compressor and the separation efficiency of the oil-gas separator. A sound velocity transducer was used to measure the oil mass concentration instantaneously, because the sound velocity was changed with the mass ratio of oil to refrigerant. The separation efficiency of the separator could be obtained by comparing the mass fraction of oil to refrigerant before and after the separator was connected to the system.
