Seventy-nine strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from 3 activated sludge samples. Among them, strain MYC was found to have the highest and stable flocculating rate for both kaolin clay suspension...Seventy-nine strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from 3 activated sludge samples. Among them, strain MYC was found to have the highest and stable flocculating rate for both kaolin clay suspension and oil-field produced water. The bacterial strain was identified as Klebsiella sp. MYC according to its morphological and biochemical characteristics and 16SrDNA sequence. The optimal medium for bioflocculant production by this bacterial strain was composed of cane sugar 20 g L^-1, KH2PO4 2 g L^-1, K2HPO4 5 g L^- 1, （ NH4）2SO4 0.2 g L^-1, urea 0.5 g L^- 1 and yeast extract 0.5 g L^- 1, the initial pH being 5.5. When the suspension of kaolin clay was treated with0.5% of Klebsiella sp. MYC culture broth, the flocculating rate reached more than 90.0% in the presence of 500mg L^-1 CaCI2, while the flocculating rate for oil-field produced water was near 80.0% in a pH range of 7.0 - 9.0 with the separation of oil and suspended particles from the oil-field produced water under similar conditions. The environment-friendly nature of the bioflocculant and high flocculating rate of the strain make the bioflocculant produced by Klebsiella sp. MYC an attractive bioflocculant in oil-field produced water treatment.展开更多
The cross-well acoustic tomography as an advanced technique in 1980's is widely researchedand improved now. It is found that the velocity of oil-layer is lower than that Of country rock byabout ten percent accordi...The cross-well acoustic tomography as an advanced technique in 1980's is widely researchedand improved now. It is found that the velocity of oil-layer is lower than that Of country rock byabout ten percent according to some reports abroad. It had been tested to drive oil by steam inoil--field. In China the first test of cross-well acoustic tomography was performed in Fuyu oilfield, Jinn Province, in Dec. 1992. Through data processing in detail, an acoustic tomogram wasobtained, in which the distribution and inclination of oil layers between two boreholes are well revealed and coincident with the logging results. SOme technical problems existed in this experiment are POinted.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology. [Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in t...[Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology. [Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in the west of Jilin Province, water resource balance between the amount of oil-field water supply and ecological water requirement in the constructed wetland irrigated by oil-field water during 2001-2010 was investigated firstly. Afterwards, based on 3S technology, the partition and dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation in 2001, 2006, 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. [Result] The annual ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland from 2003 to 2010 varied from 1.62×106 to 2.24×106 m3, and the annual amount of oil-field water supply in the region changed from 2.12×106 to 2.84×106 m3, which showed that the supply amount of oil-field water could meet the basic ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland. Meanwhile, compared with 2001, the areas of water region and paddy field in 2010 increased by 2.3 and 10.0 times, and the areas of forest and marsh rose by 40.15% and 29.5.0% respectively. [Conclusion] Water shortage and ecological environment problem of arid and semi-arid areas had been improved by oil-field water irrigation.展开更多
This paper introduces the application and development of welding technology in the oil-field construction in China. It focuses on introducing,by statistics,the growth of working capacity in the welding engineering of ...This paper introduces the application and development of welding technology in the oil-field construction in China. It focuses on introducing,by statistics,the growth of working capacity in the welding engineering of oil well heads,long-distance oil transmission lines,large-scale storage tanks, various kinds of oil station and stores, and the applications of welding technology in the typical construction of oil field. Finally, it presents suggestions on the future development of welding technology in oil-field construction for discussion.展开更多
“智能油田”概念自2003年提出以来,国内外油气企业开展了大量探索,但尚未建成统一定义与真正意义上的“智能油田”。文章在系统回溯油田智能化发展脉络的基础上,结合智能体“基础大语言模型基座+行业大语言模型+任务规划+外部工具调用...“智能油田”概念自2003年提出以来,国内外油气企业开展了大量探索,但尚未建成统一定义与真正意义上的“智能油田”。文章在系统回溯油田智能化发展脉络的基础上,结合智能体“基础大语言模型基座+行业大语言模型+任务规划+外部工具调用+记忆”的核心构成与运行逻辑,提出了以“全过程机器自主管控”为核心的智能油田新定义,构建涵盖感知、通信、数据、模型、智能体集群、控制执行与业务共治的七层体系架构,并提出智能油田自主等级(L1~L5)评价体系,为行业建立可量化的技术标尺。明确了智能油田的建设本质是“钻完井—油藏—井筒—地面—集输—经营”全链条由智能体集群自主管控、人类承担“最后仲裁者”角色的“机器主控、人类监护”模式。通过对Shell的Smart Field、bp的Field of the Future、Saudi Aramco的I-Field等国际公司及以中国石油长庆油田、中国石化胜利油田、中国海油秦皇岛32-6海上油田等国内示范工程的系统对比研究发现,全球范围内虽已普遍实现高水平数字化感知与局部自主控制,但尚未形成自主决策与管控体系,距离智能油田仍存在实质差距。在此基础上,文章提出构建行业基础大模型与智能体集群,实现机理—数据—知识三元融合。通过“虚拟—影子—实控”三阶段实现安全可控的自主权迁移;打造跨域协同的系统级智能,实现产量、能耗、碳排放、安全的多目标自优化。从技术体系、工程路径、组织制度、低碳转型四个维度提出发展方向,构建“2026~2030年准智能油田试点、2031~2035年区域级自主管控、2035年后真正智能油田建成”的三阶段发展路线及目标。本研究成果以期为国内外智能油田建设提供系统性的理论框架、工程路径与政策参考。展开更多
文摘Seventy-nine strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from 3 activated sludge samples. Among them, strain MYC was found to have the highest and stable flocculating rate for both kaolin clay suspension and oil-field produced water. The bacterial strain was identified as Klebsiella sp. MYC according to its morphological and biochemical characteristics and 16SrDNA sequence. The optimal medium for bioflocculant production by this bacterial strain was composed of cane sugar 20 g L^-1, KH2PO4 2 g L^-1, K2HPO4 5 g L^- 1, （ NH4）2SO4 0.2 g L^-1, urea 0.5 g L^- 1 and yeast extract 0.5 g L^- 1, the initial pH being 5.5. When the suspension of kaolin clay was treated with0.5% of Klebsiella sp. MYC culture broth, the flocculating rate reached more than 90.0% in the presence of 500mg L^-1 CaCI2, while the flocculating rate for oil-field produced water was near 80.0% in a pH range of 7.0 - 9.0 with the separation of oil and suspended particles from the oil-field produced water under similar conditions. The environment-friendly nature of the bioflocculant and high flocculating rate of the strain make the bioflocculant produced by Klebsiella sp. MYC an attractive bioflocculant in oil-field produced water treatment.
文摘The cross-well acoustic tomography as an advanced technique in 1980's is widely researchedand improved now. It is found that the velocity of oil-layer is lower than that Of country rock byabout ten percent according to some reports abroad. It had been tested to drive oil by steam inoil--field. In China the first test of cross-well acoustic tomography was performed in Fuyu oilfield, Jinn Province, in Dec. 1992. Through data processing in detail, an acoustic tomogram wasobtained, in which the distribution and inclination of oil layers between two boreholes are well revealed and coincident with the logging results. SOme technical problems existed in this experiment are POinted.
基金Supported by 2007 Environmental Protection Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Environmental Protection(2007-09)
文摘[Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology. [Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in the west of Jilin Province, water resource balance between the amount of oil-field water supply and ecological water requirement in the constructed wetland irrigated by oil-field water during 2001-2010 was investigated firstly. Afterwards, based on 3S technology, the partition and dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation in 2001, 2006, 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. [Result] The annual ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland from 2003 to 2010 varied from 1.62×106 to 2.24×106 m3, and the annual amount of oil-field water supply in the region changed from 2.12×106 to 2.84×106 m3, which showed that the supply amount of oil-field water could meet the basic ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland. Meanwhile, compared with 2001, the areas of water region and paddy field in 2010 increased by 2.3 and 10.0 times, and the areas of forest and marsh rose by 40.15% and 29.5.0% respectively. [Conclusion] Water shortage and ecological environment problem of arid and semi-arid areas had been improved by oil-field water irrigation.
文摘This paper introduces the application and development of welding technology in the oil-field construction in China. It focuses on introducing,by statistics,the growth of working capacity in the welding engineering of oil well heads,long-distance oil transmission lines,large-scale storage tanks, various kinds of oil station and stores, and the applications of welding technology in the typical construction of oil field. Finally, it presents suggestions on the future development of welding technology in oil-field construction for discussion.
文摘“智能油田”概念自2003年提出以来,国内外油气企业开展了大量探索,但尚未建成统一定义与真正意义上的“智能油田”。文章在系统回溯油田智能化发展脉络的基础上,结合智能体“基础大语言模型基座+行业大语言模型+任务规划+外部工具调用+记忆”的核心构成与运行逻辑,提出了以“全过程机器自主管控”为核心的智能油田新定义,构建涵盖感知、通信、数据、模型、智能体集群、控制执行与业务共治的七层体系架构,并提出智能油田自主等级(L1~L5)评价体系,为行业建立可量化的技术标尺。明确了智能油田的建设本质是“钻完井—油藏—井筒—地面—集输—经营”全链条由智能体集群自主管控、人类承担“最后仲裁者”角色的“机器主控、人类监护”模式。通过对Shell的Smart Field、bp的Field of the Future、Saudi Aramco的I-Field等国际公司及以中国石油长庆油田、中国石化胜利油田、中国海油秦皇岛32-6海上油田等国内示范工程的系统对比研究发现,全球范围内虽已普遍实现高水平数字化感知与局部自主控制,但尚未形成自主决策与管控体系,距离智能油田仍存在实质差距。在此基础上,文章提出构建行业基础大模型与智能体集群,实现机理—数据—知识三元融合。通过“虚拟—影子—实控”三阶段实现安全可控的自主权迁移;打造跨域协同的系统级智能,实现产量、能耗、碳排放、安全的多目标自优化。从技术体系、工程路径、组织制度、低碳转型四个维度提出发展方向,构建“2026~2030年准智能油田试点、2031~2035年区域级自主管控、2035年后真正智能油田建成”的三阶段发展路线及目标。本研究成果以期为国内外智能油田建设提供系统性的理论框架、工程路径与政策参考。
