Advances in the use of porous materials for oilwater separation offer a promising avenue for solving oil spill problems.Conventionally,to realize selective oil absorption,porous sorbents need to be fully hydrophobized...Advances in the use of porous materials for oilwater separation offer a promising avenue for solving oil spill problems.Conventionally,to realize selective oil absorption,porous sorbents need to be fully hydrophobized with lowsurface-energy chemicals.However,such exhaustive hydrophobization brings about problems of excessive chemical consumption,high cost and increased environmental hazards,hindering the practical applications of sorbents.Here,an innovative type of oil sorbent is developed via a facile liquid film-based dip coating technique.Unlike conventional fullyhydrophobized sorbents,only the outmost layer of our sorbent is modified with hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)coating while the inner part remains hydrophilic,thus achieving 80%reduction in low-surface-energy chemical consumption.The prepared sorbent allows highly selective oil absorption from oil-water mixture,as the hydrophobic skin layer blocks water entrance and the hydrophilic inner part drives oil absorption.More importantly,our sorbent significantly speeds up oil absorption,and compared with conventional hydrophobic sponges,the absorption time is reduced by 36%for absorption of the same mass of crude oil,attributed to the strong capillary absorption of its hydrophilic inner channels.This sorbent also shows larger specific absorption capacity than its fully hydrophobized counterpart.Our study provides a general strategy to develop cost-effective and environmental-benign sorbents with enhanced oil spill absorption performances.展开更多
Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocar...Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and toxic metals.Removal of such contaminants from water runoff was investigated using laboratory tests after washing procedure was performed on two road tunnels in eastern Norway(Hanekleiv and Bragernes).Due to diverse character of both,treatment media and treated wash waters, the wh...展开更多
A new kind of hydrophobic crude oil sorbent was successfully developed by grafting kenaf shive with styrene monomer. In this paper, crude oil sorbents were developed through regeneration method by varying the initiato...A new kind of hydrophobic crude oil sorbent was successfully developed by grafting kenaf shive with styrene monomer. In this paper, crude oil sorbents were developed through regeneration method by varying the initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes in the range of 0.5 - 2.5 wt%, 0.5 - 2.0 wt % and 125 - 1000 μm respectively. This research approach for the development of crude oil sorbent from graft modified kenaf shive/core and the aforementioned variable optimization has not been reported. The effect studies of the individual and combine factors were carried out using a statistical experimental design matrix using five-level central composite design (CCD). Respond surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise and develop equations of the aforementioned variables (initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes). The optimal swelling capacity of 616% and 267% lower retention were achieved at initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle size of 12.5 wt%, 1.50 wt% and 562 μm respectively. TGA-DTA, XRD and BET analysis were carried out on optimised sample and, FTIR was carried on both unmodified (UG) and optimized sorbent. Further computations were done for grafting efficiency (GE), homopolymers and density. The findings display the effect of the three variables and navigation equations were generated for further investigations on them. However, the results show the feasibility and robustness of facile oil sorption.展开更多
Ammoniated bagasse is a plant-derived organic sorbent that can be used for capturing oil and for supplying slow-release nutrients to oil-degrading microorganisms. We investigated the oil-wicking behavior of this sorbe...Ammoniated bagasse is a plant-derived organic sorbent that can be used for capturing oil and for supplying slow-release nutrients to oil-degrading microorganisms. We investigated the oil-wicking behavior of this sorbent under various conditions for its effectiveness in remediating oil-contaminated wetlands. Abiotic microcosms simulating a wetland environment were used to assess the influence of sand particle sizes （20x30 and 60x80 U.S. mesh）, degrees of oil saturation （25% and 75%）, water table levels （on top of the clean sand layer, oiled-sand layer, and sorbent layer）, and the presence of sorbent. Results indicated that oil wicking favors higher oil contamination, larger sand particle size, and low water coverage. Water coverage was the predominant factor limiting the effectiveness of sorbent. The most plausible explanation for this limitation was that sorbent captured more water than oil at higher water coverage.展开更多
New powdered sorbent Lignosorb based on the hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin has been developed at the Belarusian State University. Hydrolysis lignin is a commercial waste product of biomass processing in the hydrolysi...New powdered sorbent Lignosorb based on the hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin has been developed at the Belarusian State University. Hydrolysis lignin is a commercial waste product of biomass processing in the hydrolysis production of ethanol. In spite of the various proposals for hydrolysis lignin usage, the wide application has not found yet. Special area of hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin usage as a sorbent for oil spills removal and oil products waste recovery is discussed. Lignosorb, thanks to the rather high bulk density, can be applied manually or mechanically by conventional sprayers. It does not sink after oil adsorption and transforms liquid oil film on the water surface into the solid mass. The solid product is a complete mass and is easily collected from the surface of water. Lignosorb when blended with oil products waste in the volume forms the granular free-running product. The rheological properties of the Lignosorb suspensions in oil products at different sorbent to oil product ratio have been estimated. Saturated by different oil products Lignosorb one can granulate or pellet and utilize as a composite solid fuel including the co-firing regime of combustion. It has the higher heating value of 32.1 - 38.8 MJ/kg while the coal has 20.9 - 30.1 MJ/kg. It has been shown that composite fuel burning has less longstanding inflammation stage, more long stable burning stage and less longstanding phase of smoldering in the comparison to wood and Lignosorb burning.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22072185,21872176,21805315,and 12072381)the Pearl River Talents Program(2017GC010671)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030310062 and 2019A1515012030)。
文摘Advances in the use of porous materials for oilwater separation offer a promising avenue for solving oil spill problems.Conventionally,to realize selective oil absorption,porous sorbents need to be fully hydrophobized with lowsurface-energy chemicals.However,such exhaustive hydrophobization brings about problems of excessive chemical consumption,high cost and increased environmental hazards,hindering the practical applications of sorbents.Here,an innovative type of oil sorbent is developed via a facile liquid film-based dip coating technique.Unlike conventional fullyhydrophobized sorbents,only the outmost layer of our sorbent is modified with hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)coating while the inner part remains hydrophilic,thus achieving 80%reduction in low-surface-energy chemical consumption.The prepared sorbent allows highly selective oil absorption from oil-water mixture,as the hydrophobic skin layer blocks water entrance and the hydrophilic inner part drives oil absorption.More importantly,our sorbent significantly speeds up oil absorption,and compared with conventional hydrophobic sponges,the absorption time is reduced by 36%for absorption of the same mass of crude oil,attributed to the strong capillary absorption of its hydrophilic inner channels.This sorbent also shows larger specific absorption capacity than its fully hydrophobized counterpart.Our study provides a general strategy to develop cost-effective and environmental-benign sorbents with enhanced oil spill absorption performances.
文摘Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and toxic metals.Removal of such contaminants from water runoff was investigated using laboratory tests after washing procedure was performed on two road tunnels in eastern Norway(Hanekleiv and Bragernes).Due to diverse character of both,treatment media and treated wash waters, the wh...
文摘A new kind of hydrophobic crude oil sorbent was successfully developed by grafting kenaf shive with styrene monomer. In this paper, crude oil sorbents were developed through regeneration method by varying the initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes in the range of 0.5 - 2.5 wt%, 0.5 - 2.0 wt % and 125 - 1000 μm respectively. This research approach for the development of crude oil sorbent from graft modified kenaf shive/core and the aforementioned variable optimization has not been reported. The effect studies of the individual and combine factors were carried out using a statistical experimental design matrix using five-level central composite design (CCD). Respond surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise and develop equations of the aforementioned variables (initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes). The optimal swelling capacity of 616% and 267% lower retention were achieved at initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle size of 12.5 wt%, 1.50 wt% and 562 μm respectively. TGA-DTA, XRD and BET analysis were carried out on optimised sample and, FTIR was carried on both unmodified (UG) and optimized sorbent. Further computations were done for grafting efficiency (GE), homopolymers and density. The findings display the effect of the three variables and navigation equations were generated for further investigations on them. However, the results show the feasibility and robustness of facile oil sorption.
基金funding was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under EP-C-05-056,WA 1-17
文摘Ammoniated bagasse is a plant-derived organic sorbent that can be used for capturing oil and for supplying slow-release nutrients to oil-degrading microorganisms. We investigated the oil-wicking behavior of this sorbent under various conditions for its effectiveness in remediating oil-contaminated wetlands. Abiotic microcosms simulating a wetland environment were used to assess the influence of sand particle sizes （20x30 and 60x80 U.S. mesh）, degrees of oil saturation （25% and 75%）, water table levels （on top of the clean sand layer, oiled-sand layer, and sorbent layer）, and the presence of sorbent. Results indicated that oil wicking favors higher oil contamination, larger sand particle size, and low water coverage. Water coverage was the predominant factor limiting the effectiveness of sorbent. The most plausible explanation for this limitation was that sorbent captured more water than oil at higher water coverage.
文摘New powdered sorbent Lignosorb based on the hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin has been developed at the Belarusian State University. Hydrolysis lignin is a commercial waste product of biomass processing in the hydrolysis production of ethanol. In spite of the various proposals for hydrolysis lignin usage, the wide application has not found yet. Special area of hydrophobized hydrolysis lignin usage as a sorbent for oil spills removal and oil products waste recovery is discussed. Lignosorb, thanks to the rather high bulk density, can be applied manually or mechanically by conventional sprayers. It does not sink after oil adsorption and transforms liquid oil film on the water surface into the solid mass. The solid product is a complete mass and is easily collected from the surface of water. Lignosorb when blended with oil products waste in the volume forms the granular free-running product. The rheological properties of the Lignosorb suspensions in oil products at different sorbent to oil product ratio have been estimated. Saturated by different oil products Lignosorb one can granulate or pellet and utilize as a composite solid fuel including the co-firing regime of combustion. It has the higher heating value of 32.1 - 38.8 MJ/kg while the coal has 20.9 - 30.1 MJ/kg. It has been shown that composite fuel burning has less longstanding inflammation stage, more long stable burning stage and less longstanding phase of smoldering in the comparison to wood and Lignosorb burning.
