Nutritional oil for infant formula food was microencapsulated by the spray drying method with coating materials including maltodextrin （MD）, soy protein isolate （SPI）, and emulsifier （soy lecithin）. Vegetable oi...Nutritional oil for infant formula food was microencapsulated by the spray drying method with coating materials including maltodextrin （MD）, soy protein isolate （SPI）, and emulsifier （soy lecithin）. Vegetable oil blend was prepared by mixing coconut oil, safflower oil and soybean oil at a ratio to achieve a fatty acid profile comparable to human milk fat （HMF）. The fatty acid composition of the product was determined by capillary gas chromatograph. As a result, the composition was as close as possible to that of HMF, it could be used for infant fomular food to make up some deficiencies of milk powder in nutrition and functional properties. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature （Tg） of the wall material was determined by DSC and its Tg was 66.42℃. It provided a theoretical basis for the storage of the product at the normal temperature.展开更多
Dispersants, usually blending with several surfactants and a solvent, are used to enhance oil spill dispersion as small droplets in water column. Although there is growing acceptance of dispersants as a counter measur...Dispersants, usually blending with several surfactants and a solvent, are used to enhance oil spill dispersion as small droplets in water column. Although there is growing acceptance of dispersants as a counter measure to marine oil spills around the world, the two major issues with the dispersants are their toxicity to marine life and dispersion effectiveness (DE) for crude-oil, especially for heavy oil. To develop more efficient and less toxic dispersants, two kinds of sorbitol derivant nonionic surfactant (polysorbate 85 and sorbeth-40 tetraoleate), two kinds of glycolipid biosurfactants (rhamnolipid and sophorolipid) and less toxic solvent ethylene glycol butyl ether were chosen in this study, and two dispersant formulations were optimized by uniform design methods. Effects of dispersant-to-oil ratio, temperature, salinity and pH on the performance of the two optimized dispersants were investigated. The two dispersants had high dispersion effectiveness (DE) for heavy crude oil, while both dispersants keep high DE at the dispersant-to-oil ratio below 1:25 and the temperature above 5 ℃. In addition, the two dispersants also performed well in a wide range of salinity and pH values. Finally, toxicity tests revealed that the two dispersants showed low toxicity to two kinds of fish (Danio rerio and Microgobius gulosus).展开更多
Oil saturation was an important parameter of reservoir evaluation, which had important guiding significance for oilfield development. In this paper, the oil saturation of tight oil in G area was studied, and the origi...Oil saturation was an important parameter of reservoir evaluation, which had important guiding significance for oilfield development. In this paper, the oil saturation of tight oil in G area was studied, and the original oil saturation of the study area was studied by using the comprehensive experimental method. The original oil saturation of tight oil in the study area was determined by J function method, rock electricity method and oil-based mud coring method. The results showed that through the comparison of three experimental methods, it could be concluded that the J function method leads to the low value of oil saturation in the study area. The oil-based mud coring method was more suitable for the determination of oil saturation in this area than the other two methods because it needs to meet too many conditions and the calculation results were also low. G area was located in Qili Village, Ordos Basin.展开更多
目的建立气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)快速测定婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-氯-1,3-丙二醇(2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol,2-MCPD)和3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-monochloropropane-1,2-...目的建立气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)快速测定婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-氯-1,3-丙二醇(2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol,2-MCPD)和3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol,3-MCPD)的分析方法。方法本研究基于苯基硼酸作为衍生试剂,样品经氯化钠水溶液提取,玻璃硅藻土小柱净化,高速冷冻离心,加入一定量水去除过量苯基硼酸进行测定。以5%苯基-甲基聚硅氧烷毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)进行分离,质谱采用电子轰击源(electron bombardment ion source,EI)电离,选择反应监测(selected reaction monitoring,SRM)模式对婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD进行定性和定量分析。结果该方法在婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油3种基质中,方法线性范围为10~400 ng/mL,相关系数均在0.99以上,平均回收率在84.0%~107.8%之间,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)在1.1%~9.3%之间。婴幼儿配方奶粉和冷冻饮品中2-MCPD和3-MCPD检出限均为10μg/kg;食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD检出限为30μg/kg;婴幼儿配方奶粉和冷冻饮品中2-MCPD和3-MCPD定量限均为25μg/kg;食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD定量限为100μg/kg。结论本方法样品前处理快速、简单,净化效果好,结果准确性高,适用于婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD快速检测分析。展开更多
文摘Nutritional oil for infant formula food was microencapsulated by the spray drying method with coating materials including maltodextrin （MD）, soy protein isolate （SPI）, and emulsifier （soy lecithin）. Vegetable oil blend was prepared by mixing coconut oil, safflower oil and soybean oil at a ratio to achieve a fatty acid profile comparable to human milk fat （HMF）. The fatty acid composition of the product was determined by capillary gas chromatograph. As a result, the composition was as close as possible to that of HMF, it could be used for infant fomular food to make up some deficiencies of milk powder in nutrition and functional properties. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature （Tg） of the wall material was determined by DSC and its Tg was 66.42℃. It provided a theoretical basis for the storage of the product at the normal temperature.
文摘Dispersants, usually blending with several surfactants and a solvent, are used to enhance oil spill dispersion as small droplets in water column. Although there is growing acceptance of dispersants as a counter measure to marine oil spills around the world, the two major issues with the dispersants are their toxicity to marine life and dispersion effectiveness (DE) for crude-oil, especially for heavy oil. To develop more efficient and less toxic dispersants, two kinds of sorbitol derivant nonionic surfactant (polysorbate 85 and sorbeth-40 tetraoleate), two kinds of glycolipid biosurfactants (rhamnolipid and sophorolipid) and less toxic solvent ethylene glycol butyl ether were chosen in this study, and two dispersant formulations were optimized by uniform design methods. Effects of dispersant-to-oil ratio, temperature, salinity and pH on the performance of the two optimized dispersants were investigated. The two dispersants had high dispersion effectiveness (DE) for heavy crude oil, while both dispersants keep high DE at the dispersant-to-oil ratio below 1:25 and the temperature above 5 ℃. In addition, the two dispersants also performed well in a wide range of salinity and pH values. Finally, toxicity tests revealed that the two dispersants showed low toxicity to two kinds of fish (Danio rerio and Microgobius gulosus).
文摘Oil saturation was an important parameter of reservoir evaluation, which had important guiding significance for oilfield development. In this paper, the oil saturation of tight oil in G area was studied, and the original oil saturation of the study area was studied by using the comprehensive experimental method. The original oil saturation of tight oil in the study area was determined by J function method, rock electricity method and oil-based mud coring method. The results showed that through the comparison of three experimental methods, it could be concluded that the J function method leads to the low value of oil saturation in the study area. The oil-based mud coring method was more suitable for the determination of oil saturation in this area than the other two methods because it needs to meet too many conditions and the calculation results were also low. G area was located in Qili Village, Ordos Basin.
文摘目的建立气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)快速测定婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-氯-1,3-丙二醇(2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol,2-MCPD)和3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol,3-MCPD)的分析方法。方法本研究基于苯基硼酸作为衍生试剂,样品经氯化钠水溶液提取,玻璃硅藻土小柱净化,高速冷冻离心,加入一定量水去除过量苯基硼酸进行测定。以5%苯基-甲基聚硅氧烷毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)进行分离,质谱采用电子轰击源(electron bombardment ion source,EI)电离,选择反应监测(selected reaction monitoring,SRM)模式对婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD进行定性和定量分析。结果该方法在婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油3种基质中,方法线性范围为10~400 ng/mL,相关系数均在0.99以上,平均回收率在84.0%~107.8%之间,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)在1.1%~9.3%之间。婴幼儿配方奶粉和冷冻饮品中2-MCPD和3-MCPD检出限均为10μg/kg;食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD检出限为30μg/kg;婴幼儿配方奶粉和冷冻饮品中2-MCPD和3-MCPD定量限均为25μg/kg;食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD定量限为100μg/kg。结论本方法样品前处理快速、简单,净化效果好,结果准确性高,适用于婴幼儿配方奶粉、冷冻饮品及食用油中2-MCPD和3-MCPD快速检测分析。
