Plant oils play a crucial role in human nutrition,industrial applications and biofuel production.While the enzymes involved in fatty acid(FA)biosynthesis are well-studied,the regulatory networks governing these proces...Plant oils play a crucial role in human nutrition,industrial applications and biofuel production.While the enzymes involved in fatty acid(FA)biosynthesis are well-studied,the regulatory networks governing these processes remain largely unexplored.This review explores the intricate regulatory networks modulating seed oil biosynthesis,focusing on key pathways and factors.Seed oil content is determined by the efficiency of de novo FA synthesis as well as influenced by sugar transport,lipid metabolism,FA synthesis inhibitors and fine-tuning mechanisms.At the center of this regulatory network is WRINKLED1(WRI1),which plays a conserved role in promoting seed oil content across various plant species.WRI1 interacts with multiple proteins,and its expression level is regulated by upstream regulators,including members of the LAFL network.Beyond the LAFL network,we also discuss a potential nuclear factor-Y(NF-Y)regulatory network in soybean with an emphasis on NF-YA and NF-YB and their associated proteins.This NF-Y network represents a promising avenue for future efforts aimed at enhancing oil accumulation and improving stress tolerance in soybean.Additionally,the application of omics-based approaches is of great significance.Advances in omics technologies have greatly facilitated the identification of gene resources,opening new opportunities for genetic improvement.Importantly,several transcription factors involved in oil biosynthesis also participate in stress responses,highlighting a potential link between the two processes.This comprehensive review elucidates the complex mechanisms underlying the regulation of oil biosynthesis,offering insights into potential biotechnological strategies for improving oil production and stress tolerance in oil crops.展开更多
Plants produce and accumulate triacylglycerol(TAG)in their seeds as an energy reservoir to support the processes of seed germination and seedling development.Plant seed oils are vital not only for the human diet but a...Plants produce and accumulate triacylglycerol(TAG)in their seeds as an energy reservoir to support the processes of seed germination and seedling development.Plant seed oils are vital not only for the human diet but also as renewable feedstocks for industrial use.TAG biosynthesis consists of two major steps:de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in the plastids and TAG assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum.The latest advances in unraveling transcriptional regulation have shed light on the molecular mechanisms of plant oil biosynthesis.We summarize recent progress in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of wellcharacterized and newly discovered transcription factors and other types of regulators that control plant fatty acid biosynthesis.The emerging picture shows that plant oil biosynthesis responds to developmental and environmental cues that stimulate a network of interacting transcriptional activators and repressors,which in turn fine-tune the spatiotemporal regulation of the pathway genes.展开更多
Tung tree(Vernicia fordii)is an economically important woody oil plant that produces tung oil rich in eleostearic acid.Here,we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence of tung tree.The genome sequence wa...Tung tree(Vernicia fordii)is an economically important woody oil plant that produces tung oil rich in eleostearic acid.Here,we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence of tung tree.The genome sequence was assembled by combining Illumina short reads,Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time long reads,and Hi-C sequencing data.The size of tung tree genome is 1.12 Gb,with 28,422 predicted genes and over 73%repeat sequences.The V.fordii underwent an ancient genome triplication event shared by core eudicots but no further wholegenome duplication in the subsequent ca.34.55 million years of evolutionary history of the tung tree lineage.Insertion time analysis revealed that repeat-driven genome expansion might have arisen as a result of long-standing long terminal repeat retrotransposon bursts and lack of efficient DNA deletion mechanisms.The genome harbors 88 resistance genes encoding nucleotide-binding sites;17 of these genes may be involved in early-infection stage of Fusarium wilt resistance.Further,651 oil-related genes were identified,88 of which are predicted to be directly involved in tung oil biosynthesis.Relatively few phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes,and synergistic effects between transcription factors and oil biosynthesis-related genes might contribute to the high oil content of tung seed.The tung tree genome constitutes a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution,as well as for molecular breeding and genetic improvements for oil production.展开更多
Rice grain oil is a valuable nutrient source.However,the genetic basis of oil biosynthesis in rice grains remains unclear.In this study,we performed a genome-wide association study on oil composition and oil concentra...Rice grain oil is a valuable nutrient source.However,the genetic basis of oil biosynthesis in rice grains remains unclear.In this study,we performed a genome-wide association study on oil composition and oil concentration in a diverse panel of 533 cultivated rice accessions.High variation for 11 oil-related traits was observed,and the oil composition of rice grains showed differentiation among the subpopulations.We identified 46 loci that are significantly associated with grain oil concentration or composition,16 of which were detected in three recombinant inbred line populations.Twenty-six candidate genes encoding enzymes involved in oil metabolism were identified from these 46 loci,four of which(PAL6,LIN6,MYR2,and ARA6)were found to contribute to natural variation in oil composition and to show differentiation among the subpopulations.Interestingly,population genetic analyses revealed that specific haplotypes of PAL6 and LIN6 have been selected in japonica rice.Based on these results,we propose a possible oil biosynthetic pathway in rice grains.Collectively,our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of oil biosynthesis in rice grains and can facilitate marker-based breeding of rice varieties with enhanced oil and grain quality.展开更多
基金supported by Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD04078)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32090062 and 32090063)+1 种基金National key R&D program of China(2021YFF1001201,2023YFD1200602,and 2021YFF1000104)Chinese Academy of Science leading project(XDA24010105)。
文摘Plant oils play a crucial role in human nutrition,industrial applications and biofuel production.While the enzymes involved in fatty acid(FA)biosynthesis are well-studied,the regulatory networks governing these processes remain largely unexplored.This review explores the intricate regulatory networks modulating seed oil biosynthesis,focusing on key pathways and factors.Seed oil content is determined by the efficiency of de novo FA synthesis as well as influenced by sugar transport,lipid metabolism,FA synthesis inhibitors and fine-tuning mechanisms.At the center of this regulatory network is WRINKLED1(WRI1),which plays a conserved role in promoting seed oil content across various plant species.WRI1 interacts with multiple proteins,and its expression level is regulated by upstream regulators,including members of the LAFL network.Beyond the LAFL network,we also discuss a potential nuclear factor-Y(NF-Y)regulatory network in soybean with an emphasis on NF-YA and NF-YB and their associated proteins.This NF-Y network represents a promising avenue for future efforts aimed at enhancing oil accumulation and improving stress tolerance in soybean.Additionally,the application of omics-based approaches is of great significance.Advances in omics technologies have greatly facilitated the identification of gene resources,opening new opportunities for genetic improvement.Importantly,several transcription factors involved in oil biosynthesis also participate in stress responses,highlighting a potential link between the two processes.This comprehensive review elucidates the complex mechanisms underlying the regulation of oil biosynthesis,offering insights into potential biotechnological strategies for improving oil production and stress tolerance in oil crops.
基金This work was supported by Ministry of Education(MOE)of Singapore Tier 1 to W.M.(RG29/20)MOE of Singapore Tier 2 to W.M.(MOE-T2EP30220-0011)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China to L.Y.(2019YFC1711100)the Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Research Fund to L.G.(2021HSZD004)the HZAU-AGIS Cooperation Fund to L.G.(SZYJY2021004).
文摘Plants produce and accumulate triacylglycerol(TAG)in their seeds as an energy reservoir to support the processes of seed germination and seedling development.Plant seed oils are vital not only for the human diet but also as renewable feedstocks for industrial use.TAG biosynthesis consists of two major steps:de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in the plastids and TAG assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum.The latest advances in unraveling transcriptional regulation have shed light on the molecular mechanisms of plant oil biosynthesis.We summarize recent progress in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of wellcharacterized and newly discovered transcription factors and other types of regulators that control plant fatty acid biosynthesis.The emerging picture shows that plant oil biosynthesis responds to developmental and environmental cues that stimulate a network of interacting transcriptional activators and repressors,which in turn fine-tune the spatiotemporal regulation of the pathway genes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFD0600703)the National Forestry Public Welfare Industry Research Project of China(Grant No.201204403)+2 种基金the Outstanding Youth Project of the Education Department of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.17B279)the US Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service(USDA-ARS)National Program for Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products(NP 306Grant No.CRIS 6054-41000-103-00-D).
文摘Tung tree(Vernicia fordii)is an economically important woody oil plant that produces tung oil rich in eleostearic acid.Here,we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence of tung tree.The genome sequence was assembled by combining Illumina short reads,Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time long reads,and Hi-C sequencing data.The size of tung tree genome is 1.12 Gb,with 28,422 predicted genes and over 73%repeat sequences.The V.fordii underwent an ancient genome triplication event shared by core eudicots but no further wholegenome duplication in the subsequent ca.34.55 million years of evolutionary history of the tung tree lineage.Insertion time analysis revealed that repeat-driven genome expansion might have arisen as a result of long-standing long terminal repeat retrotransposon bursts and lack of efficient DNA deletion mechanisms.The genome harbors 88 resistance genes encoding nucleotide-binding sites;17 of these genes may be involved in early-infection stage of Fusarium wilt resistance.Further,651 oil-related genes were identified,88 of which are predicted to be directly involved in tung oil biosynthesis.Relatively few phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes,and synergistic effects between transcription factors and oil biosynthesis-related genes might contribute to the high oil content of tung seed.The tung tree genome constitutes a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution,as well as for molecular breeding and genetic improvements for oil production.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant 2016YFD0100501)the National Program on R&D of Transgenic Plants(2016ZX08009004)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91935303,31821005 and 32000378)the earmarked fund for the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-01-03)the Hubei province of Science and Technology(2020BBB051)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2017M622477).
文摘Rice grain oil is a valuable nutrient source.However,the genetic basis of oil biosynthesis in rice grains remains unclear.In this study,we performed a genome-wide association study on oil composition and oil concentration in a diverse panel of 533 cultivated rice accessions.High variation for 11 oil-related traits was observed,and the oil composition of rice grains showed differentiation among the subpopulations.We identified 46 loci that are significantly associated with grain oil concentration or composition,16 of which were detected in three recombinant inbred line populations.Twenty-six candidate genes encoding enzymes involved in oil metabolism were identified from these 46 loci,four of which(PAL6,LIN6,MYR2,and ARA6)were found to contribute to natural variation in oil composition and to show differentiation among the subpopulations.Interestingly,population genetic analyses revealed that specific haplotypes of PAL6 and LIN6 have been selected in japonica rice.Based on these results,we propose a possible oil biosynthetic pathway in rice grains.Collectively,our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of oil biosynthesis in rice grains and can facilitate marker-based breeding of rice varieties with enhanced oil and grain quality.
