Aim Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge （SM） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DO） are both traditional Chi- nese medicine that have cardioprotective effects. Here, we further examined the combined effects of SM and DO on r...Aim Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge （SM） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DO） are both traditional Chi- nese medicine that have cardioprotective effects. Here, we further examined the combined effects of SM and DO on rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The possible mechanism of SM and DO also were elucidated. Methods DO was divided into aqueous extract of lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DOW） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae oil （DOO）. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to seven groups： sham group, model group, treatment groups inclu- ding SM （10 g · kg^-1）, DOW （5 g · kg^-1）, DOO （0.5 ml · kg^-1）, SM ＋ DOW （10 g · kg^-1 ＋ 5 g · kg^-1）, SM ＋ DOO （ 10 g · kg^-1 ＋ 0. 5 ml · kg^-1）. Rats were pretreated with homologous drug for 7 days and then subjec- ted to 30 rain of ischemia followed by 180 rain of reperfusion. Electrocardiogram （ECG） and heart rate were moni- tored and recorded continuously. At the end of reperfusion, blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of creatine kinase-MB （CK-MB） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）. Hearts were harvested to assess heart- body rate, infarct size and histopathological changes as well. Maximum and minimum effective points were deter- mined by measuring indicators associate with myocardial injury at different time-points of reperfusion （Smin, 15min, 30min, 45rain, 60min, 120min, 180min）. The potential therapeutic mechanism of SM and SM ＋ DOO were carried out by detecting superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA）, tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-alpha） and interleukin 6 （IL-6）. Results The results showed SM and DO can ameliorate cardiac function respectively, and this cardioprotective effect was further strengthened by their combinations. Among all the combi- nations, SM ＋ DOO showed predominant potential to improve ECG and heart rate, reduce heart-body rate （28.5% ＋ 1.4% , P 〈 0.01 vs model） and myocardial infarct size （ 20.96% ＋ 1.61% , P 〈 0.01 vs model, P 〈 0.05 vs SM） , attenuate histopathological damage, decrease the levels of CK-MB and LDH （P 〈 0.01 vs model, P 〈 0.05 vs SM）. The maximum effective points of SM and SM ＋ DOO were 15min and 30rain respectively, and the minimum effective points of them were 180rain. In reducing serum level of MDA, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and increasing SOD activ- ity, SM ＋ DOO was similar to SM. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that SM ＋ DOO have combined effects that are highly effective than single pretreatment against myocardial ischemie reperfusion injury in rats. The possible mechanism of SM and DO were likely through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and thus may be an effective and promising medicine for both prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic heart disease.展开更多
"JiangXiang"is the dried heartwood of trunk and root of Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen.In thispaper,the chemical and pharmacological research progress of"JiangXiang"has been reviewed with 24 references..."JiangXiang"is the dried heartwood of trunk and root of Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen.In thispaper,the chemical and pharmacological research progress of"JiangXiang"has been reviewed with 24 references.According to its pharmacological activities,some suggestions for further research and development have been made.展开更多
The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to e...The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to evaluate probable species’ distribution under climate change and contribute to decision-making to define efficient management strategies. A model was developed to forecast which habitat was most likely appropriate for the Dalbergia odorifera. We screened the main climatic variables that describe the current geographic distribution of the species based on maximum entropy modelling (Maxent). We subsequently assessed its potential future distribution under moderate (RCP2.6) and severe (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. The precipitation ranges of the wettest month and the warmest quarter are the primary limiting factors for the current distribution of D. odorifera among the climatic predictors. Climate change will be expected to have beneficial effects on the distribution range of D. odorifera. In conclusion, the main limits for the distribution of D. odorifera are determined by the level of precipitation and human activities. The results of this study indicate that the coasts of southern China and Chongqing will play a key role in the protection and restoration of D. odorifera in the future.展开更多
为提高降香黄檀(Dalbergia odorifera T. chen)人工幼林干形培育效果,在广西凭祥南京中医药大学热带林业实验中心以2年生降香黄檀人工林为研究对象,采用折枝法研究不同折枝强度对林木主干培育效果和林木生长的影响。结果表明:1)折枝可显著...为提高降香黄檀(Dalbergia odorifera T. chen)人工幼林干形培育效果,在广西凭祥南京中医药大学热带林业实验中心以2年生降香黄檀人工林为研究对象,采用折枝法研究不同折枝强度对林木主干培育效果和林木生长的影响。结果表明:1)折枝可显著抑制粗枝径级生长,中度折枝(M,50%)和强度折枝(H,75%)后的18~24个月,被折断的粗枝直径几乎停止生长;主干优势度由期初的0.11提高到0.42,随折枝后的时间推移优势度越来越大。2)不同折枝强度对林木树高和胸径的生长效应、动态变化规律、水平差异及出现显著差异的时间点不尽相同。试验观察期内折枝对幼林树高影响不显著;强度折枝的H处理与对照(C,0)和中度折枝的M处理相比,在18~24个月后林木平均胸径生长量降低,差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。因此,降香黄檀折枝法培育优良主干作用显著,采用中等强度度折枝较为适宜。展开更多
On the morphological characteristics, growth environment and quality, rarity, and wood characteristics and value of Huanghuali, this paper discusses the development ways of Hainan Huanghuali It is suggested that Halna...On the morphological characteristics, growth environment and quality, rarity, and wood characteristics and value of Huanghuali, this paper discusses the development ways of Hainan Huanghuali It is suggested that Halnan Huanghuali could be well grown by guiding farmers to make full use of wasteland, slopes, scattered land, roadside and other resources; the landscaping greenbelt of the courtyard area and the residential area could be planned with nature as a main consideration for planting Huanghuali; and landscaping-type Huanghuali planting could make full use of local environment and surrounding local resources, highlighting the personalized landscaping greenbelt, forming good transition between residential area and urban space and creating a natural kindly living environment for the residents, so as to play the best ecological, social and economic benefits.展开更多
Tar spot of Dalbergia odorifera, caused by Phyllachora dalbergiicola, is a common disease, and se-riously affected the rate of photosynthesis. Here we developed a species-specific Nested-PCR approach for rapidand accu...Tar spot of Dalbergia odorifera, caused by Phyllachora dalbergiicola, is a common disease, and se-riously affected the rate of photosynthesis. Here we developed a species-specific Nested-PCR approach for rapidand accurate detection of P. dalbergiicola, based on the differences in internal transcribed spacer （ITS） se-quences of P. dalbergiicola and another P. spp., an endophytic fungus, from which a pair of species-specificprimers P1/P2 （P1 ： 5＂-CGAGGTCAGAATCAAACG-3＂, P2： 5＂-TGAAGAACGCAGCGAAAT-3＂）, was designed.P1/P2 amplified only a unique 273 bp band from the genomic DNA of P. dalbergiicola. A Nested-PCR proce-dure using ITS4/ITS5 as the first-round primers, followed by P1/P2 primers, increased detection sensitivity10 000 fold to 100 ag. Using the Fast DNA-kit to extract DNA from the diseased plant tissues, the detection ofthe pathogen by Nested-PCR assay could be completed within I day. The results suggested that the PCR-basedmethods here could simplify both plant disease diagnosis and pathogen detection.展开更多
As a rare and valuable wood and herbal material, Dalbergia odorifera is often counterfeited by Dalbergia stevensonii in the market. For the confident chemical identification of D. odorifera and D. stevensonii, the eth...As a rare and valuable wood and herbal material, Dalbergia odorifera is often counterfeited by Dalbergia stevensonii in the market. For the confident chemical identification of D. odorifera and D. stevensonii, the ethanol-benzene extractives are characterized by multiple metabolomics tools, including Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. Conventional FTIR spectroscopy, second derivative infrared （SD-IR） spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation infrared （2D-IR） spectroscopy are combined to interpret the functional groups of the ethanol-benzene extractives. Fingerprint-like characteristics make FTIR a rapid and accurate method to distinguish D. odor/fera from D. stevensonii. Chemical differences of the extractives revealed by FrIR methods can be further confirmed by ^1H NMR and ^13C NMR. Meanwhile, the volatile compounds in the extractives can be identified by GC/MS. The combination of FTIR, NMR and GC/ MS makes it possible to obtain the multiple profiles of the ethanol-benzene extractives, which is essential for the confident chemical identification of D. odorifera and D. stevensonii.展开更多
文摘Aim Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge （SM） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DO） are both traditional Chi- nese medicine that have cardioprotective effects. Here, we further examined the combined effects of SM and DO on rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The possible mechanism of SM and DO also were elucidated. Methods DO was divided into aqueous extract of lignum dalbergiae odoriferae （DOW） and lignum dalbergiae odoriferae oil （DOO）. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to seven groups： sham group, model group, treatment groups inclu- ding SM （10 g · kg^-1）, DOW （5 g · kg^-1）, DOO （0.5 ml · kg^-1）, SM ＋ DOW （10 g · kg^-1 ＋ 5 g · kg^-1）, SM ＋ DOO （ 10 g · kg^-1 ＋ 0. 5 ml · kg^-1）. Rats were pretreated with homologous drug for 7 days and then subjec- ted to 30 rain of ischemia followed by 180 rain of reperfusion. Electrocardiogram （ECG） and heart rate were moni- tored and recorded continuously. At the end of reperfusion, blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of creatine kinase-MB （CK-MB） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）. Hearts were harvested to assess heart- body rate, infarct size and histopathological changes as well. Maximum and minimum effective points were deter- mined by measuring indicators associate with myocardial injury at different time-points of reperfusion （Smin, 15min, 30min, 45rain, 60min, 120min, 180min）. The potential therapeutic mechanism of SM and SM ＋ DOO were carried out by detecting superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA）, tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-alpha） and interleukin 6 （IL-6）. Results The results showed SM and DO can ameliorate cardiac function respectively, and this cardioprotective effect was further strengthened by their combinations. Among all the combi- nations, SM ＋ DOO showed predominant potential to improve ECG and heart rate, reduce heart-body rate （28.5% ＋ 1.4% , P 〈 0.01 vs model） and myocardial infarct size （ 20.96% ＋ 1.61% , P 〈 0.01 vs model, P 〈 0.05 vs SM） , attenuate histopathological damage, decrease the levels of CK-MB and LDH （P 〈 0.01 vs model, P 〈 0.05 vs SM）. The maximum effective points of SM and SM ＋ DOO were 15min and 30rain respectively, and the minimum effective points of them were 180rain. In reducing serum level of MDA, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and increasing SOD activ- ity, SM ＋ DOO was similar to SM. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that SM ＋ DOO have combined effects that are highly effective than single pretreatment against myocardial ischemie reperfusion injury in rats. The possible mechanism of SM and DO were likely through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and thus may be an effective and promising medicine for both prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic heart disease.
文摘"JiangXiang"is the dried heartwood of trunk and root of Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen.In thispaper,the chemical and pharmacological research progress of"JiangXiang"has been reviewed with 24 references.According to its pharmacological activities,some suggestions for further research and development have been made.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31761143002,NSFC 3207178)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M710405)the National Forest and Grassland Genetic Recourse(No.2005DKA21003).
文摘The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to evaluate probable species’ distribution under climate change and contribute to decision-making to define efficient management strategies. A model was developed to forecast which habitat was most likely appropriate for the Dalbergia odorifera. We screened the main climatic variables that describe the current geographic distribution of the species based on maximum entropy modelling (Maxent). We subsequently assessed its potential future distribution under moderate (RCP2.6) and severe (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. The precipitation ranges of the wettest month and the warmest quarter are the primary limiting factors for the current distribution of D. odorifera among the climatic predictors. Climate change will be expected to have beneficial effects on the distribution range of D. odorifera. In conclusion, the main limits for the distribution of D. odorifera are determined by the level of precipitation and human activities. The results of this study indicate that the coasts of southern China and Chongqing will play a key role in the protection and restoration of D. odorifera in the future.
文摘为提高降香黄檀(Dalbergia odorifera T. chen)人工幼林干形培育效果,在广西凭祥南京中医药大学热带林业实验中心以2年生降香黄檀人工林为研究对象,采用折枝法研究不同折枝强度对林木主干培育效果和林木生长的影响。结果表明:1)折枝可显著抑制粗枝径级生长,中度折枝(M,50%)和强度折枝(H,75%)后的18~24个月,被折断的粗枝直径几乎停止生长;主干优势度由期初的0.11提高到0.42,随折枝后的时间推移优势度越来越大。2)不同折枝强度对林木树高和胸径的生长效应、动态变化规律、水平差异及出现显著差异的时间点不尽相同。试验观察期内折枝对幼林树高影响不显著;强度折枝的H处理与对照(C,0)和中度折枝的M处理相比,在18~24个月后林木平均胸径生长量降低,差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。因此,降香黄檀折枝法培育优良主干作用显著,采用中等强度度折枝较为适宜。
基金Supported by the Special Project for Application Technology Development and Demonstration of Hainan Province(ZDXM2014101)~~
文摘On the morphological characteristics, growth environment and quality, rarity, and wood characteristics and value of Huanghuali, this paper discusses the development ways of Hainan Huanghuali It is suggested that Halnan Huanghuali could be well grown by guiding farmers to make full use of wasteland, slopes, scattered land, roadside and other resources; the landscaping greenbelt of the courtyard area and the residential area could be planned with nature as a main consideration for planting Huanghuali; and landscaping-type Huanghuali planting could make full use of local environment and surrounding local resources, highlighting the personalized landscaping greenbelt, forming good transition between residential area and urban space and creating a natural kindly living environment for the residents, so as to play the best ecological, social and economic benefits.
文摘Tar spot of Dalbergia odorifera, caused by Phyllachora dalbergiicola, is a common disease, and se-riously affected the rate of photosynthesis. Here we developed a species-specific Nested-PCR approach for rapidand accurate detection of P. dalbergiicola, based on the differences in internal transcribed spacer （ITS） se-quences of P. dalbergiicola and another P. spp., an endophytic fungus, from which a pair of species-specificprimers P1/P2 （P1 ： 5＂-CGAGGTCAGAATCAAACG-3＂, P2： 5＂-TGAAGAACGCAGCGAAAT-3＂）, was designed.P1/P2 amplified only a unique 273 bp band from the genomic DNA of P. dalbergiicola. A Nested-PCR proce-dure using ITS4/ITS5 as the first-round primers, followed by P1/P2 primers, increased detection sensitivity10 000 fold to 100 ag. Using the Fast DNA-kit to extract DNA from the diseased plant tissues, the detection ofthe pathogen by Nested-PCR assay could be completed within I day. The results suggested that the PCR-basedmethods here could simplify both plant disease diagnosis and pathogen detection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31670564)
文摘As a rare and valuable wood and herbal material, Dalbergia odorifera is often counterfeited by Dalbergia stevensonii in the market. For the confident chemical identification of D. odorifera and D. stevensonii, the ethanol-benzene extractives are characterized by multiple metabolomics tools, including Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. Conventional FTIR spectroscopy, second derivative infrared （SD-IR） spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation infrared （2D-IR） spectroscopy are combined to interpret the functional groups of the ethanol-benzene extractives. Fingerprint-like characteristics make FTIR a rapid and accurate method to distinguish D. odor/fera from D. stevensonii. Chemical differences of the extractives revealed by FrIR methods can be further confirmed by ^1H NMR and ^13C NMR. Meanwhile, the volatile compounds in the extractives can be identified by GC/MS. The combination of FTIR, NMR and GC/ MS makes it possible to obtain the multiple profiles of the ethanol-benzene extractives, which is essential for the confident chemical identification of D. odorifera and D. stevensonii.
