针对深度学习模型易出现灾难性遗忘的关键难点,提出了一种基于原型对比的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)图像增量小样本目标检测算法-InFSAR(prototype contrast based incremental few-shot SAR object detection)。首先...针对深度学习模型易出现灾难性遗忘的关键难点,提出了一种基于原型对比的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)图像增量小样本目标检测算法-InFSAR(prototype contrast based incremental few-shot SAR object detection)。首先,采用基础数据集对检测器进行预训练,以构建初步的特征提取能力;其次,设计一种类原型表征生成模块,以构建一组能够代表数据内在特征的类原型。在增量学习阶段,设计一种混合类原型对比编码模块,以有效学习新类别与基础类别之间的区分性特征。此外,为缓解灾难性遗忘问题,引入类原型校准策略,使模型在类原型上的预测分布逐步逼近真实分布,从而保持对基础类别识别的稳定性。在小样本目标检测数据集SRSDD-v1.0上的实验结果表明,在5-shot设置下,InFSAR对船舶细粒度目标的检测精度达到46.5%。同时,该方法能够在无需访问基础类训练数据的情况下,实现对少量标注新类别的增量检测与识别。展开更多
Existing image captioning models usually build the relation between visual information and words to generate captions,which lack spatial infor-mation and object classes.To address the issue,we propose a novel Position...Existing image captioning models usually build the relation between visual information and words to generate captions,which lack spatial infor-mation and object classes.To address the issue,we propose a novel Position-Class Awareness Transformer(PCAT)network which can serve as a bridge between the visual features and captions by embedding spatial information and awareness of object classes.In our proposal,we construct our PCAT network by proposing a novel Grid Mapping Position Encoding(GMPE)method and refining the encoder-decoder framework.First,GMPE includes mapping the regions of objects to grids,calculating the relative distance among objects and quantization.Meanwhile,we also improve the Self-attention to adapt the GMPE.Then,we propose a Classes Semantic Quantization strategy to extract semantic information from the object classes,which is employed to facilitate embedding features and refining the encoder-decoder framework.To capture the interaction between multi-modal features,we propose Object Classes Awareness(OCA)to refine the encoder and decoder,namely OCAE and OCAD,respectively.Finally,we apply GMPE,OCAE and OCAD to form various combinations and to complete the entire PCAT.We utilize the MSCOCO dataset to evaluate the performance of our method.The results demonstrate that PCAT outperforms the other competitive methods.展开更多
The design and management of the objects about the numerical manifold method are studied by abstracting the finite cover system of numerical manifold method as independent data classes and the theoretical basis for th...The design and management of the objects about the numerical manifold method are studied by abstracting the finite cover system of numerical manifold method as independent data classes and the theoretical basis for the researching and expanding of numerical manifold method is also put forward. The Hammer integration of triangular area coordinates is used in the integration of the element. The calculation result shows that the program is accuracy and effective.展开更多
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） is a very useful feature for differentiating vegetation and non-vegetation in remote sensed imagery. In the light of the function of NDVI and the spatial patterns of the...Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） is a very useful feature for differentiating vegetation and non-vegetation in remote sensed imagery. In the light of the function of NDVI and the spatial patterns of the vegetation landscapes, we proposed the lacunarity texture derived from NDVI to characterize the spatial patterns of vegetation landscapes concerning the ＂gappiness＂ or ＂emptiness＂ characteristics. The NDVI-based lacunarity texture was incorporated into object-oriented classification for improving the identification of vegetation categories, especially Torreya which was the targeted tree species in the present research. A three-level hierarchical network of image objects was defined and the proposed texture was integrated as potential sources of information in the rules base. A knowledge base of rules created by classifier C5.0 indicated that the texture could potentially be applied in object-oriented classification. It was found that the addition of such texture improved the identification of every vegetation category. The results demonstrated that the texture could characterize the spatial patterns of vegetation structures, which could be a promising approach for vegetation identification.展开更多
The interaction between the classes or within the classes shows the complexity of the design. For one smaller problem, there may be more than one software design but who will be the best;depends on the complexity leve...The interaction between the classes or within the classes shows the complexity of the design. For one smaller problem, there may be more than one software design but who will be the best;depends on the complexity level of software design. Therefore, coupling and cohesion which shows the interlinking of classes and strength of classes;control the complexity of the design. The best software object oriented design is based upon the low coupling and high cohesion level. In the present work, a real case study of Life Insurance policy for handicapped person is demonstrated through the UML Class Diagram;coupling and cohesion levels are measured and results are demonstrated in the form of tables.展开更多
Class cohesion is considered as one of the most important object-oriented software attributes. High cohesion is, in fact, a desirable property of software. Many different metrics have been suggested in the last severa...Class cohesion is considered as one of the most important object-oriented software attributes. High cohesion is, in fact, a desirable property of software. Many different metrics have been suggested in the last several years to measure the cohesion of classes in object-oriented systems. The class of structural object-oriented cohesion metrics is the most in-vestigated category of cohesion metrics. These metrics measure cohesion on structural information extracted from the source code. Empirical studies noted that these metrics fail in many situations to properly reflect cohesion of classes. This paper aims at exploring the use of hierarchical clustering techniques to improve the measurement of cohesion of classes in object-oriented systems. The proposed approach has been evaluated using three particular case studies. We also used in our study three well-known structural cohesion metrics. The achieved results show that the new approach appears to better reflect the cohesion (and structure) of classes than traditional structural cohesion metrics.展开更多
Nowadays, the size of database of any business organization is increasing and many of the companies are shifted the old structured database into the object oriented database. Due to increase of size of database comple...Nowadays, the size of database of any business organization is increasing and many of the companies are shifted the old structured database into the object oriented database. Due to increase of size of database complexity of database is increasing therefore, it is necessary to optimize the object oriented query response time from the complex object oriented database. In the present paper, a real case study of Life Insurance Corporation of India is taken and sample object oriented database is designed by the use of SQL Server 2008. A UML model is designed for computing the object oriented query response time. Table and graph are also represented for the computed records in five runs.展开更多
Due to the lack of representation of an object-oriented database on hand-held devices, the present work describes an approach to send the information in the form of an object-oriented database on hand-held devices. A ...Due to the lack of representation of an object-oriented database on hand-held devices, the present work describes an approach to send the information in the form of an object-oriented database on hand-held devices. A smart phone is selected as a hand-held device and connectivity between the object-oriented databases has been established by the use of the object-oriented programming language C#.Net. For modeling purpose, Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used to specify a UML Class Model and Sequence diagram. A concept of star schema is also used to represent the object-oriented database.展开更多
In a competitive business landscape, large organizations such as insurance companies and banks are under high pres-sure to innovate, improvise and distinguish their products and services while continuing to reduce the...In a competitive business landscape, large organizations such as insurance companies and banks are under high pres-sure to innovate, improvise and distinguish their products and services while continuing to reduce the time-to market for new product introductions. Traditional approaches to software reliability modeling for such software are black box-based. Bad structure or model again can lead us to lower down these non functional properties. The basic constructs of the model are objects. We will not deal about the identification of the objects, as may be referred in many books, but how to model those objects. The objective of this paper is to provide a philosophical approach, using Goal-Question-Metric paradigm, to structure or model the identified objects of software system, in better way to improve the quality of the software.展开更多
文摘针对深度学习模型易出现灾难性遗忘的关键难点,提出了一种基于原型对比的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)图像增量小样本目标检测算法-InFSAR(prototype contrast based incremental few-shot SAR object detection)。首先,采用基础数据集对检测器进行预训练,以构建初步的特征提取能力;其次,设计一种类原型表征生成模块,以构建一组能够代表数据内在特征的类原型。在增量学习阶段,设计一种混合类原型对比编码模块,以有效学习新类别与基础类别之间的区分性特征。此外,为缓解灾难性遗忘问题,引入类原型校准策略,使模型在类原型上的预测分布逐步逼近真实分布,从而保持对基础类别识别的稳定性。在小样本目标检测数据集SRSDD-v1.0上的实验结果表明,在5-shot设置下,InFSAR对船舶细粒度目标的检测精度达到46.5%。同时,该方法能够在无需访问基础类训练数据的情况下,实现对少量标注新类别的增量检测与识别。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[No.2021YFB2206200].
文摘Existing image captioning models usually build the relation between visual information and words to generate captions,which lack spatial infor-mation and object classes.To address the issue,we propose a novel Position-Class Awareness Transformer(PCAT)network which can serve as a bridge between the visual features and captions by embedding spatial information and awareness of object classes.In our proposal,we construct our PCAT network by proposing a novel Grid Mapping Position Encoding(GMPE)method and refining the encoder-decoder framework.First,GMPE includes mapping the regions of objects to grids,calculating the relative distance among objects and quantization.Meanwhile,we also improve the Self-attention to adapt the GMPE.Then,we propose a Classes Semantic Quantization strategy to extract semantic information from the object classes,which is employed to facilitate embedding features and refining the encoder-decoder framework.To capture the interaction between multi-modal features,we propose Object Classes Awareness(OCA)to refine the encoder and decoder,namely OCAE and OCAD,respectively.Finally,we apply GMPE,OCAE and OCAD to form various combinations and to complete the entire PCAT.We utilize the MSCOCO dataset to evaluate the performance of our method.The results demonstrate that PCAT outperforms the other competitive methods.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The design and management of the objects about the numerical manifold method are studied by abstracting the finite cover system of numerical manifold method as independent data classes and the theoretical basis for the researching and expanding of numerical manifold method is also put forward. The Hammer integration of triangular area coordinates is used in the integration of the element. The calculation result shows that the program is accuracy and effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30671212)
文摘Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） is a very useful feature for differentiating vegetation and non-vegetation in remote sensed imagery. In the light of the function of NDVI and the spatial patterns of the vegetation landscapes, we proposed the lacunarity texture derived from NDVI to characterize the spatial patterns of vegetation landscapes concerning the ＂gappiness＂ or ＂emptiness＂ characteristics. The NDVI-based lacunarity texture was incorporated into object-oriented classification for improving the identification of vegetation categories, especially Torreya which was the targeted tree species in the present research. A three-level hierarchical network of image objects was defined and the proposed texture was integrated as potential sources of information in the rules base. A knowledge base of rules created by classifier C5.0 indicated that the texture could potentially be applied in object-oriented classification. It was found that the addition of such texture improved the identification of every vegetation category. The results demonstrated that the texture could characterize the spatial patterns of vegetation structures, which could be a promising approach for vegetation identification.
文摘The interaction between the classes or within the classes shows the complexity of the design. For one smaller problem, there may be more than one software design but who will be the best;depends on the complexity level of software design. Therefore, coupling and cohesion which shows the interlinking of classes and strength of classes;control the complexity of the design. The best software object oriented design is based upon the low coupling and high cohesion level. In the present work, a real case study of Life Insurance policy for handicapped person is demonstrated through the UML Class Diagram;coupling and cohesion levels are measured and results are demonstrated in the form of tables.
文摘Class cohesion is considered as one of the most important object-oriented software attributes. High cohesion is, in fact, a desirable property of software. Many different metrics have been suggested in the last several years to measure the cohesion of classes in object-oriented systems. The class of structural object-oriented cohesion metrics is the most in-vestigated category of cohesion metrics. These metrics measure cohesion on structural information extracted from the source code. Empirical studies noted that these metrics fail in many situations to properly reflect cohesion of classes. This paper aims at exploring the use of hierarchical clustering techniques to improve the measurement of cohesion of classes in object-oriented systems. The proposed approach has been evaluated using three particular case studies. We also used in our study three well-known structural cohesion metrics. The achieved results show that the new approach appears to better reflect the cohesion (and structure) of classes than traditional structural cohesion metrics.
文摘Nowadays, the size of database of any business organization is increasing and many of the companies are shifted the old structured database into the object oriented database. Due to increase of size of database complexity of database is increasing therefore, it is necessary to optimize the object oriented query response time from the complex object oriented database. In the present paper, a real case study of Life Insurance Corporation of India is taken and sample object oriented database is designed by the use of SQL Server 2008. A UML model is designed for computing the object oriented query response time. Table and graph are also represented for the computed records in five runs.
文摘Due to the lack of representation of an object-oriented database on hand-held devices, the present work describes an approach to send the information in the form of an object-oriented database on hand-held devices. A smart phone is selected as a hand-held device and connectivity between the object-oriented databases has been established by the use of the object-oriented programming language C#.Net. For modeling purpose, Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used to specify a UML Class Model and Sequence diagram. A concept of star schema is also used to represent the object-oriented database.
文摘In a competitive business landscape, large organizations such as insurance companies and banks are under high pres-sure to innovate, improvise and distinguish their products and services while continuing to reduce the time-to market for new product introductions. Traditional approaches to software reliability modeling for such software are black box-based. Bad structure or model again can lead us to lower down these non functional properties. The basic constructs of the model are objects. We will not deal about the identification of the objects, as may be referred in many books, but how to model those objects. The objective of this paper is to provide a philosophical approach, using Goal-Question-Metric paradigm, to structure or model the identified objects of software system, in better way to improve the quality of the software.
