AIM：To assess the relation between nutrient patterns and cataract risk.METHODS：This is a hospital-based case-control study with 97 cataract patients and 198 matched controls.Dietary consumption was collected through...AIM：To assess the relation between nutrient patterns and cataract risk.METHODS：This is a hospital-based case-control study with 97 cataract patients and 198 matched controls.Dietary consumption was collected through a valid food frequency questionnaire（FFQ）.Nutrient patterns were detected by applying factor analysis.Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio（ORs） and 95%CIs.RESULTS：We extracted 5 main nutrient patterns.Factor 1 included niacin,thiamin,carbohydrates,protein,zinc,vitamin B6 and sodium（sodium pattern）.Factor 2 was characterized by oleic acid,monounsaturated fats,polyunsaturated fats,linoleic acid,trans fatty acid,linolenic acid,vitamin E and saturated fats（fatty acid pattern）.The third factor represented high intake of vitamin B12,vitamin D,cholesterol and calcium（mixed pattern）.The 4^（th） pattern was high in intake of beta and alpha carotene,vitamin A and vitamin C（antioxidant pattern）.Finally,the 5^（th） pattern loaded heavily on docosahexaenoic acid（DHA） and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）（omega-3 pattern）.In crude and multivariate analysis,the sodium pattern was associated with increased risk of cataract（OR=1.97,95%CI：1.09-3.96）.The fatty acid pattern elevated the risk of cataract（OR=1.94,95%CI：1.1-3.86）.Antioxidant pattern was associated with a significant 79% reduced risk（2^（nd） category compared with the 1st）.Omega-3 pattern was significantly negatively associated with risk of cataract（P=0.04）.CONCLUSION：These findings imply that nutrient patterns reflecting a combined consumption of nutrients might be important in the etiology of cataract.Additional studies with more efficient designs are warranted to confirm our findings.展开更多
On the basis of the in situ data of DO2, pH, SiO2. PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N collected in the north of the East China Sea during 1987-1988, the following points are mainly expounded.1.The inorgonic nutrients are obviousl...On the basis of the in situ data of DO2, pH, SiO2. PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N collected in the north of the East China Sea during 1987-1988, the following points are mainly expounded.1.The inorgonic nutrients are obviously affected by continent runoff in the north of the East China Sea. Their distributions are characteristic of its distribution of terrigenous materials.2.There are three transport paths of nutrients from the shelf to the Kuroshio area. The first is mixing-diffusing-advec-tion and upwelling process, the process of biology and biochemistry belongs to the second, and the sinking process is the last one.3.The swing of the Kuroshio axis affectes both the range of the migration of substances through mixing-diffusing-advec-tion process and the upwelling degree of the subsurface Kuroshio water to the shelf.4.Most part of the substances sink as macroparticles to the deep layer before reaching the Kuroshio area.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute(NNFTRI)of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran
文摘AIM：To assess the relation between nutrient patterns and cataract risk.METHODS：This is a hospital-based case-control study with 97 cataract patients and 198 matched controls.Dietary consumption was collected through a valid food frequency questionnaire（FFQ）.Nutrient patterns were detected by applying factor analysis.Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio（ORs） and 95%CIs.RESULTS：We extracted 5 main nutrient patterns.Factor 1 included niacin,thiamin,carbohydrates,protein,zinc,vitamin B6 and sodium（sodium pattern）.Factor 2 was characterized by oleic acid,monounsaturated fats,polyunsaturated fats,linoleic acid,trans fatty acid,linolenic acid,vitamin E and saturated fats（fatty acid pattern）.The third factor represented high intake of vitamin B12,vitamin D,cholesterol and calcium（mixed pattern）.The 4^（th） pattern was high in intake of beta and alpha carotene,vitamin A and vitamin C（antioxidant pattern）.Finally,the 5^（th） pattern loaded heavily on docosahexaenoic acid（DHA） and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）（omega-3 pattern）.In crude and multivariate analysis,the sodium pattern was associated with increased risk of cataract（OR=1.97,95%CI：1.09-3.96）.The fatty acid pattern elevated the risk of cataract（OR=1.94,95%CI：1.1-3.86）.Antioxidant pattern was associated with a significant 79% reduced risk（2^（nd） category compared with the 1st）.Omega-3 pattern was significantly negatively associated with risk of cataract（P=0.04）.CONCLUSION：These findings imply that nutrient patterns reflecting a combined consumption of nutrients might be important in the etiology of cataract.Additional studies with more efficient designs are warranted to confirm our findings.
文摘On the basis of the in situ data of DO2, pH, SiO2. PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N collected in the north of the East China Sea during 1987-1988, the following points are mainly expounded.1.The inorgonic nutrients are obviously affected by continent runoff in the north of the East China Sea. Their distributions are characteristic of its distribution of terrigenous materials.2.There are three transport paths of nutrients from the shelf to the Kuroshio area. The first is mixing-diffusing-advec-tion and upwelling process, the process of biology and biochemistry belongs to the second, and the sinking process is the last one.3.The swing of the Kuroshio axis affectes both the range of the migration of substances through mixing-diffusing-advec-tion process and the upwelling degree of the subsurface Kuroshio water to the shelf.4.Most part of the substances sink as macroparticles to the deep layer before reaching the Kuroshio area.
