Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between almond consumption, the most widely consumed tree nut in the US, and nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy, diet quality, and weight/adiposity in ...Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between almond consumption, the most widely consumed tree nut in the US, and nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy, diet quality, and weight/adiposity in adults. Methods: Data from adults (N=24,808), 19+ years, participating in the NHANES 2001-2010 were used. The NCI method was used to estimate the usual intake of almonds and selected nutrients. Almond consumers were defined as those consuming any amount of almonds/almond butter. Percentages of the consumers/non-consumers below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or above the Adequate Intake (AI) for select nutrients were determined. To assess significant differences for the percentage of almond consumers vs. non-consumers with intakes less than the EAR or above the AI, a Z-statistic for differences in population proportions was used. Covariate-controlled linear regression was used to determine differences in diet quality, measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), between the consumer groups. Body mass indices and waist circumference were assessed. P was set at p < 0.01. Results: Almond consumers were more likely to be non-Hispanic white, older, of higher income, more physically active, and were less likely to be a current smoker than non-consumers. Usual intake of almonds among consumers was 29.5 ± 1.5 g/day. Usual intake of protein;dietary fiber;vitamins A, D, E, and C;thiamin;niacin;riboflavin;folate, calcium, copper, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, and potassium was higher in almond consumers. Almond consumers were less likely to be below the EAR for protein, vitamins A, D, E, B12, and C;riboflavin;calcium;copper;magnesium;iron;phosphorus;and zinc. They were also more likely to be above the AI for dietary fiber and potassium. Total HEI-2010 scores were approximately 15 points higher in almond consumers. Body mass indices and waist circumference measures were lower in almond consumers. Conclusions: Moderate consumption of almonds should be encouraged as part of a healthy diet.展开更多
Background and Objectives:Consuming a diet that ensures adequate nutrient intake is essential to address all forms of malnutrition.In Japan,a meal combining staple food,main dish,and side dish is considered a balanced...Background and Objectives:Consuming a diet that ensures adequate nutrient intake is essential to address all forms of malnutrition.In Japan,a meal combining staple food,main dish,and side dish is considered a balanced diet.This study was conducted to investigate the frequency of meals combining staple food,main dish,and side dish associated with nutrient adequacy.Methods and Study Design:This cross-sectional study included 6,264 adults.All data were obtained from the 2015 Health and Nutrition Survey in Shiga prefecture.Staple food,main dish,and side dish were each defined as a dish with primary ingredients of≥50 g.Regarding the frequency,participants were divided into≥2 and<2 times/d groups.The nutrient adequacy evaluated using the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2020(DRIs-J)score is based on the reference values provided in the DRIs-J.The t-test was used to evaluate nutrient adequacy between the 2 groups.Results:Of the total participants,only 1,423(22.7%)were classified into the≥2 times/d group,and they had significantly higher DRIs-J scores than participants in the<2 times/d group(p<0.001).The adequacy percentage of all nutrients except saturated fatty acid,particularly dietary fiber and most micronutrients,was>1.5-fold higher in the≥2 times/d group than in the<2 times/d group(p<0.001).Conclusions:This study provides important information that meals combining staple food,main dish,and side dish at least twice a day is effective in maintaining a diet with high nutrient adequacy.展开更多
文摘Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between almond consumption, the most widely consumed tree nut in the US, and nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy, diet quality, and weight/adiposity in adults. Methods: Data from adults (N=24,808), 19+ years, participating in the NHANES 2001-2010 were used. The NCI method was used to estimate the usual intake of almonds and selected nutrients. Almond consumers were defined as those consuming any amount of almonds/almond butter. Percentages of the consumers/non-consumers below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or above the Adequate Intake (AI) for select nutrients were determined. To assess significant differences for the percentage of almond consumers vs. non-consumers with intakes less than the EAR or above the AI, a Z-statistic for differences in population proportions was used. Covariate-controlled linear regression was used to determine differences in diet quality, measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), between the consumer groups. Body mass indices and waist circumference were assessed. P was set at p < 0.01. Results: Almond consumers were more likely to be non-Hispanic white, older, of higher income, more physically active, and were less likely to be a current smoker than non-consumers. Usual intake of almonds among consumers was 29.5 ± 1.5 g/day. Usual intake of protein;dietary fiber;vitamins A, D, E, and C;thiamin;niacin;riboflavin;folate, calcium, copper, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, and potassium was higher in almond consumers. Almond consumers were less likely to be below the EAR for protein, vitamins A, D, E, B12, and C;riboflavin;calcium;copper;magnesium;iron;phosphorus;and zinc. They were also more likely to be above the AI for dietary fiber and potassium. Total HEI-2010 scores were approximately 15 points higher in almond consumers. Body mass indices and waist circumference measures were lower in almond consumers. Conclusions: Moderate consumption of almonds should be encouraged as part of a healthy diet.
基金supported in part by the Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists(B)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(Eri Imai,grant number 17K12921).
文摘Background and Objectives:Consuming a diet that ensures adequate nutrient intake is essential to address all forms of malnutrition.In Japan,a meal combining staple food,main dish,and side dish is considered a balanced diet.This study was conducted to investigate the frequency of meals combining staple food,main dish,and side dish associated with nutrient adequacy.Methods and Study Design:This cross-sectional study included 6,264 adults.All data were obtained from the 2015 Health and Nutrition Survey in Shiga prefecture.Staple food,main dish,and side dish were each defined as a dish with primary ingredients of≥50 g.Regarding the frequency,participants were divided into≥2 and<2 times/d groups.The nutrient adequacy evaluated using the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2020(DRIs-J)score is based on the reference values provided in the DRIs-J.The t-test was used to evaluate nutrient adequacy between the 2 groups.Results:Of the total participants,only 1,423(22.7%)were classified into the≥2 times/d group,and they had significantly higher DRIs-J scores than participants in the<2 times/d group(p<0.001).The adequacy percentage of all nutrients except saturated fatty acid,particularly dietary fiber and most micronutrients,was>1.5-fold higher in the≥2 times/d group than in the<2 times/d group(p<0.001).Conclusions:This study provides important information that meals combining staple food,main dish,and side dish at least twice a day is effective in maintaining a diet with high nutrient adequacy.
