Population aging with longer life expectancy represents one of the most relevant challenges of the next future,also because of a significant proportion of older adult people may present with dementia.Motivating senior...Population aging with longer life expectancy represents one of the most relevant challenges of the next future,also because of a significant proportion of older adult people may present with dementia.Motivating senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment to maintain their independence and functional abilities,improve health status and quality of life as well as social interactions,constitutes the main target of preventive medicine.According to a nudge theoretical approach,the SENIOR(SystEm of Nudge theory based ICT applications for OldeR citizens)project–developed thanks to the collaboration among Catholic University of the Sacred Heart,Bicocca University and IRCCS Auxiologico Institute in Milan(Italy)–has been designed to adopt an advanced information and communication technology coaching system able to collect and integrate physiological,psychological and behavioral data,with the final aim of interacting with community-dwelling elderly people suffering from mild cognitive impairment and of providing them personalized feedback on lifestyle management.The SENIOR project proposes to use a smart-watch app for alerting family doctors,sharing information with family members in specific cases and monitoring patients at higher risk in hospital Units,in order to ameliorate health of senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment.展开更多
Considerable efforts are being made to transition current lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries towards the use of solid-state electrolytes.Computational methods,specifically nudged elastic band(NEB)and molecular dynam...Considerable efforts are being made to transition current lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries towards the use of solid-state electrolytes.Computational methods,specifically nudged elastic band(NEB)and molecular dynamics(MD)methods,provide powerful tools for the design of solid-state electrolytes.The MD method is usually the choice for studying the materials involving complex multiple diffusion paths or having disordered structures.However,it relies on simulations at temperatures much higher than working temperature.This paper studies the reliability of the MD method using the system of Na diffusion in MgO as a benchmark.We carefully study the convergence behavior of the MD method and demonstrate that total effective simulation time of 12 ns can converge the calculated diffusion barrier to about 0.01 eV.The calculated diffusion barrier is 0.31 eV from both methods.The diffusion coefficients at room temperature are 4.3×10^(-9) cm^(2)⋅s^(−1) and 2.2×10^(-9) cm^(2)⋅s^(−1),respectively,from the NEB and MD methods.Our results justify the reliability of the MD method,even though high temperature simulations have to be employed to overcome the limitation on simulation time.展开更多
The transformation of Chengdu Tianfu New Area,a state-level new district,from the first site of constructing the“Park City”to the representative of the“Park City”,contains a unique path of“Chinese Style Governanc...The transformation of Chengdu Tianfu New Area,a state-level new district,from the first site of constructing the“Park City”to the representative of the“Park City”,contains a unique path of“Chinese Style Governance”.To expand the diverse paths of constructing megacities,the current research references the nudge theory of behavioral science,adopts the extended case method,and takes Chengdu Tianfu New Area as a typical case to summarize the“nudge”path of“Party City”construction.The study found that the government achieves the lock-in effect by the priming mechanism and uses the nudge strategy of improving environment and guiding public opinion,thereby helping the people make free choices.It realizes the framework effect by the salience mechanism and uses the strategies of highlighting key information and optimizing information delivery methods,which directly affects the behavior of the public.It achieves the commitment effect by the comparison mechanism,including the horizontal comparison and vertical comparison strategies,and gradually realizes the policy goals.It realizes the social norm effect by the imitation mechanism and uses the strategies of creating peer pressure and playing celebrity effect,which in turn influence people’s choices.With the help of the“nudging”mechanism,the construction of the park city has realized the interactive cycle of“government output-citizen feedback”and achieved the goal of“making great change through small actions”.As a new behavioral intervention tool,“nudging”provides an alternative explanation for the construction of the park city in Tianfu New Area and opens up new ideas for the construction of megacities.This study concludes that the construction of megacities can achieve the goal of“common return”through different ways and provides practical inspiration for future urban construction.展开更多
This paper first introduces the definition of nudge,the history of nudge and the advantages of nudge.This concept means a relatively subtle policy shift that encourages people to make decisions that are in their broad...This paper first introduces the definition of nudge,the history of nudge and the advantages of nudge.This concept means a relatively subtle policy shift that encourages people to make decisions that are in their broad self-interest.It relies on insights from behavioral science,and when used ethically,it can be very helpful.Subsequently,the research results of the nudge method in public decision-making fields such as health and environmental protection are listed,inferring the feasibility of nudge method in the field of education,especially learners’specific behavior decision.Then according to the classification of the nudge method by the decision-making system,the research on nudge used in the education field is enumerated.It demonstrates that nudge still has a lot of room for expansion in the field of education.展开更多
Spatiotemporal forecasting of surface soil moisture(SSM)is recognized as a critical scientific issue in precision agricultural irrigation,regional drought monitoring,and early warning systems for extreme precipitation...Spatiotemporal forecasting of surface soil moisture(SSM)is recognized as a critical scientific issue in precision agricultural irrigation,regional drought monitoring,and early warning systems for extreme precipitation.However,long-term forecasting continues to pose formidable challenges because of the complexity observed across both the spatial and temporal scales.In this study,we used a daily SSM dataset at a 0.05°×0.05°spatial resolution over the Qilian Mountains,China and proposed a hybrid Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory(ConvLSTM)-Nudging model,which combined deep neural networks with data assimilation to increase the accuracy of long-term SSM forecasting.We trained and evaluated the SSM predictive performance of four models(Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),ConvLSTM,and ConvLSTM with Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE)attention mechanism(ConvLSTM-SE))in both short-term and long-term scenarios.The results showed that all the models perform well under short-term predictions,but the accuracy decrease substantially in long-term predictions.Therefore,we integrated Nudging technique during the long-term prediction phase to assimilate observational information and rectify model biases.Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate that Nudging significantly improves all the models,with ConvLSTM-Nudging achieving the best performance under the 200-d forecasting scenario.Relative to those of the best-performing ConvLSTM model for long-term forecasts,when observation noiseδ=0.00 and observation fraction obs=50.0%,the coefficient of determination(R2)of ConvLSTM-Nudging increases by approximately 82.1%,while its mean absolute error(MAE)and root mean squared error(RMSE)decrease by approximately 84.8%and 77.3%,respectively;the average Pearson correlation coefficient(r)improves by approximately 23.6%,and Bias is reduced by 98.1%.These results demonstrated that although pure deep learning models achieve high accuracy in the short-term predictions,they are prone to error accumulation and systematic drift in long-term autoregressive predictions.Integrating data assimilation with deep learning and continuously correcting the state through observation can effectively suppress long-term biases,thereby achieving robust long-term SSM forecasting.展开更多
利用WRF(Weather Research Forecast)模式及其自带的Nudging同化系统,结合通过质量控制的三峡地区2 588个自动站的2014年1月观测资料,进行同化自动站观测试验,建立了三峡地区3 km高分辨率气温场,并与加入NCEP稀疏观测站点的稀疏场试验...利用WRF(Weather Research Forecast)模式及其自带的Nudging同化系统,结合通过质量控制的三峡地区2 588个自动站的2014年1月观测资料,进行同化自动站观测试验,建立了三峡地区3 km高分辨率气温场,并与加入NCEP稀疏观测站点的稀疏场试验和未同化试验在月平均温度场和逐时温度变化两个方面进行了综合对比分析。结果表明:与未同化试验相比,同化自动站观测后,大部分地区平均气温场偏差减小至±0.5℃以内;平原、丘陵、山区气温逐时绝对偏差均减小至1℃以内,逐时气温的相关系数超过0.9,偏差范围减小1.14℃以上,均方根误差减幅达0.55℃以上;同化自动站观测后,泰勒图中平原和丘陵的相对标准差接近于1,山区减小至1.11。同化自动站观测试验的结果优于同化稀疏场试验,较好地建立了三峡地区2014年1月气温场,为该地区建立高分辨率温度场提供了有效参考。展开更多
文摘Population aging with longer life expectancy represents one of the most relevant challenges of the next future,also because of a significant proportion of older adult people may present with dementia.Motivating senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment to maintain their independence and functional abilities,improve health status and quality of life as well as social interactions,constitutes the main target of preventive medicine.According to a nudge theoretical approach,the SENIOR(SystEm of Nudge theory based ICT applications for OldeR citizens)project–developed thanks to the collaboration among Catholic University of the Sacred Heart,Bicocca University and IRCCS Auxiologico Institute in Milan(Italy)–has been designed to adopt an advanced information and communication technology coaching system able to collect and integrate physiological,psychological and behavioral data,with the final aim of interacting with community-dwelling elderly people suffering from mild cognitive impairment and of providing them personalized feedback on lifestyle management.The SENIOR project proposes to use a smart-watch app for alerting family doctors,sharing information with family members in specific cases and monitoring patients at higher risk in hospital Units,in order to ameliorate health of senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12164019,11991060,12088101,and U1930402)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China (Grant No.20212BAB201017).
文摘Considerable efforts are being made to transition current lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries towards the use of solid-state electrolytes.Computational methods,specifically nudged elastic band(NEB)and molecular dynamics(MD)methods,provide powerful tools for the design of solid-state electrolytes.The MD method is usually the choice for studying the materials involving complex multiple diffusion paths or having disordered structures.However,it relies on simulations at temperatures much higher than working temperature.This paper studies the reliability of the MD method using the system of Na diffusion in MgO as a benchmark.We carefully study the convergence behavior of the MD method and demonstrate that total effective simulation time of 12 ns can converge the calculated diffusion barrier to about 0.01 eV.The calculated diffusion barrier is 0.31 eV from both methods.The diffusion coefficients at room temperature are 4.3×10^(-9) cm^(2)⋅s^(−1) and 2.2×10^(-9) cm^(2)⋅s^(−1),respectively,from the NEB and MD methods.Our results justify the reliability of the MD method,even though high temperature simulations have to be employed to overcome the limitation on simulation time.
基金supported by General Project of National Social Science Fund[Grant number.22BZZ077],Study on Efficiency Improvement Mechanism of Rural Relative Poverty Governance Driven by Big Data.
文摘The transformation of Chengdu Tianfu New Area,a state-level new district,from the first site of constructing the“Park City”to the representative of the“Park City”,contains a unique path of“Chinese Style Governance”.To expand the diverse paths of constructing megacities,the current research references the nudge theory of behavioral science,adopts the extended case method,and takes Chengdu Tianfu New Area as a typical case to summarize the“nudge”path of“Party City”construction.The study found that the government achieves the lock-in effect by the priming mechanism and uses the nudge strategy of improving environment and guiding public opinion,thereby helping the people make free choices.It realizes the framework effect by the salience mechanism and uses the strategies of highlighting key information and optimizing information delivery methods,which directly affects the behavior of the public.It achieves the commitment effect by the comparison mechanism,including the horizontal comparison and vertical comparison strategies,and gradually realizes the policy goals.It realizes the social norm effect by the imitation mechanism and uses the strategies of creating peer pressure and playing celebrity effect,which in turn influence people’s choices.With the help of the“nudging”mechanism,the construction of the park city has realized the interactive cycle of“government output-citizen feedback”and achieved the goal of“making great change through small actions”.As a new behavioral intervention tool,“nudging”provides an alternative explanation for the construction of the park city in Tianfu New Area and opens up new ideas for the construction of megacities.This study concludes that the construction of megacities can achieve the goal of“common return”through different ways and provides practical inspiration for future urban construction.
文摘This paper first introduces the definition of nudge,the history of nudge and the advantages of nudge.This concept means a relatively subtle policy shift that encourages people to make decisions that are in their broad self-interest.It relies on insights from behavioral science,and when used ethically,it can be very helpful.Subsequently,the research results of the nudge method in public decision-making fields such as health and environmental protection are listed,inferring the feasibility of nudge method in the field of education,especially learners’specific behavior decision.Then according to the classification of the nudge method by the decision-making system,the research on nudge used in the education field is enumerated.It demonstrates that nudge still has a lot of room for expansion in the field of education.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42461053)the Department of Education of Gansu Province:Higher Education Innovation Fund Project(2023B-064)+1 种基金the Youth Doctoral Fund Project(2024QB-014)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(25JRRA012).
文摘Spatiotemporal forecasting of surface soil moisture(SSM)is recognized as a critical scientific issue in precision agricultural irrigation,regional drought monitoring,and early warning systems for extreme precipitation.However,long-term forecasting continues to pose formidable challenges because of the complexity observed across both the spatial and temporal scales.In this study,we used a daily SSM dataset at a 0.05°×0.05°spatial resolution over the Qilian Mountains,China and proposed a hybrid Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory(ConvLSTM)-Nudging model,which combined deep neural networks with data assimilation to increase the accuracy of long-term SSM forecasting.We trained and evaluated the SSM predictive performance of four models(Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),ConvLSTM,and ConvLSTM with Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE)attention mechanism(ConvLSTM-SE))in both short-term and long-term scenarios.The results showed that all the models perform well under short-term predictions,but the accuracy decrease substantially in long-term predictions.Therefore,we integrated Nudging technique during the long-term prediction phase to assimilate observational information and rectify model biases.Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate that Nudging significantly improves all the models,with ConvLSTM-Nudging achieving the best performance under the 200-d forecasting scenario.Relative to those of the best-performing ConvLSTM model for long-term forecasts,when observation noiseδ=0.00 and observation fraction obs=50.0%,the coefficient of determination(R2)of ConvLSTM-Nudging increases by approximately 82.1%,while its mean absolute error(MAE)and root mean squared error(RMSE)decrease by approximately 84.8%and 77.3%,respectively;the average Pearson correlation coefficient(r)improves by approximately 23.6%,and Bias is reduced by 98.1%.These results demonstrated that although pure deep learning models achieve high accuracy in the short-term predictions,they are prone to error accumulation and systematic drift in long-term autoregressive predictions.Integrating data assimilation with deep learning and continuously correcting the state through observation can effectively suppress long-term biases,thereby achieving robust long-term SSM forecasting.
文摘利用WRF(Weather Research Forecast)模式及其自带的Nudging同化系统,结合通过质量控制的三峡地区2 588个自动站的2014年1月观测资料,进行同化自动站观测试验,建立了三峡地区3 km高分辨率气温场,并与加入NCEP稀疏观测站点的稀疏场试验和未同化试验在月平均温度场和逐时温度变化两个方面进行了综合对比分析。结果表明:与未同化试验相比,同化自动站观测后,大部分地区平均气温场偏差减小至±0.5℃以内;平原、丘陵、山区气温逐时绝对偏差均减小至1℃以内,逐时气温的相关系数超过0.9,偏差范围减小1.14℃以上,均方根误差减幅达0.55℃以上;同化自动站观测后,泰勒图中平原和丘陵的相对标准差接近于1,山区减小至1.11。同化自动站观测试验的结果优于同化稀疏场试验,较好地建立了三峡地区2014年1月气温场,为该地区建立高分辨率温度场提供了有效参考。
