由于沅水水系五强溪水库流域面积大,流量控制站少,且洪水进入库区后,洪水波的传播方式变化较大,因此五强溪水库近坝区的洪水预报难度大。为提高五强溪库区洪水预报精度,采用XAJ-DCH模型(Xin′anjiang Digital Channel Model)对近坝区201...由于沅水水系五强溪水库流域面积大,流量控制站少,且洪水进入库区后,洪水波的传播方式变化较大,因此五强溪水库近坝区的洪水预报难度大。为提高五强溪库区洪水预报精度,采用XAJ-DCH模型(Xin′anjiang Digital Channel Model)对近坝区2016~2020年间13场洪水进行模拟,模型河道汇流分别采用了非线性水库法和马斯京根法,根据两种汇流方法的特点制定了两种不同的洪水预报方案。模拟结果表明:XAJ-DCH模型中两种河道演算方法均表现良好且简单实用,13场洪水的确定性系数基本位于0.7以上。非线性水库方法相比于马斯京根法考虑了河段断面情况以及水力特性,能够体现洪水运动的时空变化,且只需要率定河道糙率,其他参数如河道坡降、河宽以及河段长均可根据数字高程模型进行估计;马斯京根法需要率定4个河道参数,但马斯京根法模拟结果相比于非线性水库方法稍好。研究成果可为科学有效开展库区洪水预报、提高预报精度提供参考。展开更多
A combination of the rainfall-runoff module of the Xin’anjiang model, the Muskingum routing method, the water stage simulating hydrologic method, the diffusion wave nonlinear water stage method, and the real-time err...A combination of the rainfall-runoff module of the Xin’anjiang model, the Muskingum routing method, the water stage simulating hydrologic method, the diffusion wave nonlinear water stage method, and the real-time error correction method is applied to the real-time flood forecasting and regulation of the Huai River with flood diversion and retarding areas. The Xin’anjiang model is used to forecast the flood discharge hydrograph of the upstream and tributary. The flood routing of the main channel and flood diversion areas is based on the Muskingum method. The water stage of the downstream boundary condition is calculated with the water stage simulating hydrologic method and the water stages of each cross section are calculated from downstream to upstream with the diffusion wave nonlinear water stage method. The input flood discharge hydrograph from the main channel to the flood diversion area is estimated with the fixed split ratio of the main channel discharge. The flood flow inside the flood retarding area is calculated as a reservoir with the water balance method. The faded-memory forgetting factor least square of error series is used as the real-time error correction method for forecasting discharge and water stage. As an example, the combined models were applied to flood forecasting and regulation of the upper reaches of the Huai River above Lutaizi during the 2007 flood season. The forecast achieves a high accuracy and the results show that the combined models provide a scientific way of flood forecasting and regulation for a complex watershed with flood diversion and retarding areas.展开更多
文摘由于沅水水系五强溪水库流域面积大,流量控制站少,且洪水进入库区后,洪水波的传播方式变化较大,因此五强溪水库近坝区的洪水预报难度大。为提高五强溪库区洪水预报精度,采用XAJ-DCH模型(Xin′anjiang Digital Channel Model)对近坝区2016~2020年间13场洪水进行模拟,模型河道汇流分别采用了非线性水库法和马斯京根法,根据两种汇流方法的特点制定了两种不同的洪水预报方案。模拟结果表明:XAJ-DCH模型中两种河道演算方法均表现良好且简单实用,13场洪水的确定性系数基本位于0.7以上。非线性水库方法相比于马斯京根法考虑了河段断面情况以及水力特性,能够体现洪水运动的时空变化,且只需要率定河道糙率,其他参数如河道坡降、河宽以及河段长均可根据数字高程模型进行估计;马斯京根法需要率定4个河道参数,但马斯京根法模拟结果相比于非线性水库方法稍好。研究成果可为科学有效开展库区洪水预报、提高预报精度提供参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 50479017)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams in Universities (Grant No IRT071)
文摘A combination of the rainfall-runoff module of the Xin’anjiang model, the Muskingum routing method, the water stage simulating hydrologic method, the diffusion wave nonlinear water stage method, and the real-time error correction method is applied to the real-time flood forecasting and regulation of the Huai River with flood diversion and retarding areas. The Xin’anjiang model is used to forecast the flood discharge hydrograph of the upstream and tributary. The flood routing of the main channel and flood diversion areas is based on the Muskingum method. The water stage of the downstream boundary condition is calculated with the water stage simulating hydrologic method and the water stages of each cross section are calculated from downstream to upstream with the diffusion wave nonlinear water stage method. The input flood discharge hydrograph from the main channel to the flood diversion area is estimated with the fixed split ratio of the main channel discharge. The flood flow inside the flood retarding area is calculated as a reservoir with the water balance method. The faded-memory forgetting factor least square of error series is used as the real-time error correction method for forecasting discharge and water stage. As an example, the combined models were applied to flood forecasting and regulation of the upper reaches of the Huai River above Lutaizi during the 2007 flood season. The forecast achieves a high accuracy and the results show that the combined models provide a scientific way of flood forecasting and regulation for a complex watershed with flood diversion and retarding areas.
