To maintain soil quality under long-term saline water irrigation,the influence of manure on soil physical properties was examined.Long-term saline irrigation has been conducted from 2015 to 2024 at the Nanpi Eco-Agric...To maintain soil quality under long-term saline water irrigation,the influence of manure on soil physical properties was examined.Long-term saline irrigation has been conducted from 2015 to 2024 at the Nanpi Eco-Agricultural Experimental Station of Chinese Academy Sciences in the Low Plain of the North China Plain,comprising four irrigation treatments:irrigation once at the jointing stage for winter wheat with irrigation water containing salt at fresh water,3,4 and 5 g·L^(–1),and maize irrigation at sowing using fresh water.Manure application was conducted under all irrigation treatments,with treatments without manure application used as controls.The results showed that under long-term irrigation with saline water,the application of manure increased the soil organic matter content,exchangeable potassium,available phosphorus,and total nitrogen content in the 0–20 cm soil layer by 46.8%,117.0%,75.7%,and 45.5%,respectively,compared to treatments without manure application.The application of manure reduced soil bulk density.It also increased the proportion of water-stable aggregates and the abundance of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes in the tillage soil layer compared to the controls.Because of the salt contained in the manure,the application of manure had dual effects on soil salt content.During the winter wheat season,manure application increased soil salt content.The salt content was significantly reduced during the summer maize season,owing to the strong salt-leaching effects under manure application,resulting in a smaller difference in salt content between the manure and non-manure treatments.During the summer rainfall season,improvements in soil structure under manure application increased the soil desalination rate for the 1 m top soil layer.The desalination rate for 0–40 cm and 40–100 cm was averagely by 39.1%and 18.9%higher,respectively,under manure application as compared with that under the nomanure treatments.The yield of winter wheat under manure application was 0.12%lower than that of the control,owing to the higher salt content during the winter wheat season.In contrast,the yield of summer maize improved by 3.9%under manure application,owing to the increased soil nutrient content and effective salt leaching.The results of this study indicated that manure application helped maintain the soil physical structure,which is important for the long-term use of saline water.In practice,using manure with a low salt content is suggested to reduce the adverse effects of saline water irrigation on soil properties and achieve sustainable saline water use.展开更多
This study introduces a new ocean surface friction velocity scheme and a modified Thompson cloud microphysics parameterization scheme into the CMA-TYM model.The impact of these two parameterization schemes on the pred...This study introduces a new ocean surface friction velocity scheme and a modified Thompson cloud microphysics parameterization scheme into the CMA-TYM model.The impact of these two parameterization schemes on the prediction of the movement track and intensity of Typhoon Kompasu in 2021 is examined.Additionally,the possible reasons for their effects on tropical cyclone(TC)intensity prediction are analyzed.Statistical results show that both parameterization schemes improve the predictions of Typhoon Kompasu’s track and intensity.The influence on track prediction becomes evident after 60 h of model integration,while the significant positive impact on intensity prediction is observed after 66 h.Further analysis reveals that these two schemes affect the timing and magnitude of extreme TC intensity values by influencing the evolution of the TC’s warm-core structure.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease is the primary cause of dementia and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden globally.Physical exercise,as an effective strategy for improving general health,has been largely reported for it...Alzheimer's disease is the primary cause of dementia and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden globally.Physical exercise,as an effective strategy for improving general health,has been largely reported for its effectiveness in slowing neurodegeneration and increasing brain functional plasticity,particularly in aging brains.However,the underlying mechanisms of exercise in cognitive aging remain largely unclear.Adiponectin,a cell-secreted protein hormone,has recently been found to regulate synaptic plasticity and mediate the antidepressant effects of physical exercise.Studies on the neuroprotective effects of adiponectin have revealed potential innovative treatments for Alzheimer's disease.Here,we reviewed the functions of adiponectin and its receptor in the brains of human and animal models of cognitive impairment.We summarized the role of adiponectin in Alzheimer's disease,focusing on its impact on energy metabolism,insulin resistance,and inflammation.We also discuss how exercise increases adiponectin secretion and its potential benefits for learning and memory.Finally,we highlight the latest research on chemical compounds that mimic exerciseenhanced secretion of adiponectin and its receptor in Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus(DM)has become one of the most serious and common chronic diseases around the world,leading to various complications and a reduction in life expectancy.Increased sedentary behavior(SB)and decreased ph...Diabetes mellitus(DM)has become one of the most serious and common chronic diseases around the world,leading to various complications and a reduction in life expectancy.Increased sedentary behavior(SB)and decreased physical activity(PA)are important contributors to the rising prevalence of DM.This article reviews the research progress on the pathogenesis of DM,the effects of SB and PA on the risk of DM,aiming to explore the influence of different PA intensities,amounts,frequencies,durations and types on the incidence of DM.Research has shown that blood glucose levels tend to increase with the prolongation of SB.Within a certain range,PA intensity and PA amount are negatively correlated with the risk of DM;Performing PA for more than 3 days per week maintains normal glucose tolerance and lower blood pressure;Engaging in 150–300 min of moderate intensity exercise or 75–150 min of high-intensity exercise per week reduces the risk of DM;PA during leisure time reduces the risk of DM,while PA during work increases the risk of DM;Both aerobic training and resistance training reduce the risk of DM,and the combination of the two training methods produces better benefits;Various types of exercises,such as cycling,soccer,aerobics,yoga,tai chi,all reduce the risk of DM.In summary,prolonged SB increases the risk of DM,while appropriate PA reduces the risk of DM.As the intensity,amount,and frequency of PA increase,the effect of reducing DM risk becomes more significant.Different exercise methods have different effects on reducing DM risk.展开更多
The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activit...The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary habits, sleep patterns) within the 24-h cycle of daily life. Wearables are applied in research, clinical practice, and as lifestyle devices;most obvious, they promise to be a key element for increasing human physical activity, one of the biggest health challenges nowadays.展开更多
A complex geological environment with faults can be encountered in the process of coal mining.Fault activation can cause instantaneous structure slipping,releasing a significant amount of elastic strain energy during ...A complex geological environment with faults can be encountered in the process of coal mining.Fault activation can cause instantaneous structure slipping,releasing a significant amount of elastic strain energy during underground coal mining.This would trigger strong rockburst disasters.To understand the occurrence of fault-slip induced rockbursts,we developed a physical model test system for fault-slip induced rockbursts in coal mine drifts.The boundary energy storage(BES)loading apparatus and bottom rapid retraction(BRR)apparatus are designed to realize energy compensation and continuous boundary stress transfer of the surrounding rocks for instantaneous fault slip,as well as to provide space for the potential fault slip.Taking the typical fault-slip induced rockburst in the Xinjulong Coal Mine,China,as the background,we conducted a model test using the test system.The deformation and stress in the rock surrounding the drift and the support unit force during fault slip are analyzed.The deformation and failure characteristics and dynamic responses of drifts under fault-slip induced rockbursts are obtained.The test results illustrate the rationality and effectiveness of the test system.Finally,corresponding recommendations and prospects are proposed based on our findings.展开更多
Accurate estimation of mineralogy from geophysical well logs is crucial for characterizing geological formations,particularly in hydrocarbon exploration,CO_(2) sequestration,and geothermal energy development.Current t...Accurate estimation of mineralogy from geophysical well logs is crucial for characterizing geological formations,particularly in hydrocarbon exploration,CO_(2) sequestration,and geothermal energy development.Current techniques,such as multimineral petrophysical analysis,offer details into mineralogical distribution.However,it is inherently time-intensive and demands substantial geological expertise for accurate model evaluation.Furthermore,traditional machine learning techniques often struggle to predict mineralogy accurately and sometimes produce estimations that violate fundamental physical principles.To address this,we present a new approach using Physics-Integrated Neural Networks(PINNs),that combines data-driven learning with domain-specific physical constraints,embedding petrophysical relationships directly into the neural network architecture.This approach enforces that predictions adhere to physical laws.The methodology is applied to the Broom Creek Deep Saline aquifer,a CO_(2) sequestration site in the Williston Basin,to predict the volumes of key mineral constituents—quartz,dolomite,feldspar,anhydrite,illite—along with porosity.Compared to traditional artificial neural networks (ANN),the PINN approach demonstrates higher accuracy and better generalizability,significantly enhancing predictive performance on unseen well datasets.The average mean error across the three blind wells is 0.123 for ANN and 0.042 for PINN,highlighting the superior accuracy of the PINN approach.This method reduces uncertainties in reservoir characterization by improving the reliability of mineralogy and porosity predictions,providing a more robust tool for decision-making in various subsurface geoscience applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND While existing literature on ischiofemoral impingement syndrome(IFI)predominantly emphasizes surgical interventions or generalized physical therapy approaches,there remains a paucity of evidence regarding s...BACKGROUND While existing literature on ischiofemoral impingement syndrome(IFI)predominantly emphasizes surgical interventions or generalized physical therapy approaches,there remains a paucity of evidence regarding structured,multimodal rehabilitation programs targeting biomechanical deficits in IFI.This case report evaluates the efficacy of a multimodal rehabilitation program addressing a critical gap in conservative management strategies.CASE SUMMARY The patient underwent comprehensive physical and clinical examination,including hip X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging investigations.The patient completed the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire(MSK-HQ)and numerical pain rating scale(NPRS).The patient underwent a two-month tailored structured physical therapy intervention and repeated the same assessment afterwards.The patient's substantial reduction in pain,reflected by a significant decrease in the patient’s NPRS score from 9 to 3 points,signifies a positive clinical response.This outcome,coupled with the significant improvement in the patient's health-related quality of life according to the MSK-HQ score,which increased from 12 to 48 points,underscores the success of our research.CONCLUSION The study highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and managing IFI,combining clinical assessment with imaging and implementing a multimodal rehabilitation program for optimal outcomes.展开更多
The frontal edge of the Makran accretionary wedge is characterized by the development of multiple imbricate thrust faults trending E-W and relatively parallel.However,the mechanisms underlying their formation and the ...The frontal edge of the Makran accretionary wedge is characterized by the development of multiple imbricate thrust faults trending E-W and relatively parallel.However,the mechanisms underlying their formation and the factors controlling their development remain subjects of debate.This paper,based on seismic profile analysis,employs physical simulation experiments to establish a'wedge'type subduction model.The study explores the influence of the initial wedge angle,horizontal sand layer thickness,and the presence or absence of a decollement layer on the structural styles of the thrust wedge.Experimental results indicate that as the initial wedge angle decreases from 11°to 8°,the lateral growth of the thrust wedge increases,whereas vertical growth diminishes.When the horizontal sand layer thickness is reduced from 4.5 cm to 3.0 cm,the spacing between the frontal thrusts decreases and the number of thrust faults increases.Both lateral and vertical growth are relatively reduced,resulting in a smaller thrust wedge.When a decollement layer is present,the structural style exhibits layered deformation.The decollement layer constrains the development of back thrusts and promotes the localized formation of frontal thrusts.In conclusion,the imbricate thrust faults at the frontal edge of the Makran accretionary wedge are primarily controlled by the characteristics of the wedge itself and the presence of the decollement layer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Long-term chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer(GC),facilitated by peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)catheterization,reduces vascular damage and enhances drug delivery efficiency but carri...BACKGROUND Long-term chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer(GC),facilitated by peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)catheterization,reduces vascular damage and enhances drug delivery efficiency but carries risks of catheter-related complications.A combination of group psychological nursing and physical mo-vement care significantly mitigates the risk of venous thrombosis and improves psychological well-being,and enhances motor function,underscoring its clinical importance.AIM To assess group psychological and physical movement nursing in preventing venous thrombosis in patients with PICC GC.METHODS Sixty-five GC patients with PICC,admitted from January 2022 to January 2023,were randomly divided into two groups using the lottery method:A control group(n=35,routine nursing)and an observation group(n=30,routine nursing plus psychological nursing and physical movement nursing).Both groups re-ceived continuous care for 2 weeks.Pre-nursing and post-nursing data on psycho-logical state,physical function,chemotherapy-related thrombosis incidence,and cancer-related fatigue were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.RESULTS After nursing,both groups showed reduced Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores and increased General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale scores,with the observation group performing better(P<0.05).The Functional Comprehensive Assessment score for the observation group after nursing was(65.42±2.35)points,lower than the control group’s(62.19±4.33)points(P<0.05).Although no significant difference was observed in the incidence of venous thrombosis between the two groups(χ2=0.815,P=0.367),the observation group had lower incidence.Both groups showed decreased Revised Piper Fatigue Scale scores,with the observation group scoring lower(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Group psychological and physical movement nursing for patients with PICC reduces venous thrombosis risk,improves psychological well-being,cancer-related fatigue,and physical function,making it highly promotable.展开更多
Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics...Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics,metallic nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides,have been extensively used to deal with Ti implant infections.However,these chemical approaches suffer from potential toxicity,antibiotic resistance and poor long-term antibacterial performance.Hence,physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based implants have attracted increasing attention.The antibacterial behavior of different surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials against various bacteria only by physical properties of the implants themselves(e.g.,nanotopography)or exogenous physical stimulus(e.g.,photocatalysis)was reviewed,as well as parameters influencing the physical antibacterial processes,such as size,shape and density of the surface nanotextures,and bacterial growth phases.Besides,mechanisms of different fabrication techniques for the physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials were also summarized.展开更多
Early intervention for sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)in childhood is crucial for auditory and language development.In recent years,innovative auditory stimulation techniques and speech therapy strategies,such as mid...Early intervention for sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)in childhood is crucial for auditory and language development.In recent years,innovative auditory stimulation techniques and speech therapy strategies,such as middle ear implants,cochlear implants,auditory brainstem implants,and midbrain implants,have provided new avenues for improving patient outcomes.Additionally,basic research advancements in cell reprogramming and regeneration,stem cell therapy,and targeted drug delivery offer promising approaches to meet the individualized needs of children with SNHL.However,many challenges and unresolved issues remain in the treatment of SNHL.This article comments on the case report,which describes a female pediatric patient with SNHL who underwent foot reflexology which led to the normalization of hearing thresholds.Reflexology is considered to have potential benefits in physical rehabilitation,but its efficacy in hearing restoration requires further scientific validation through rigorous clinical trials and large-scale prospective studies.展开更多
Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption.MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),an emerging two...Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption.MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),an emerging twodimensional material,stands out as an ideal candidate for fabricating neuromorphic devices.Its exceptional electrical performance and robust mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for this purpose.This review aims to uncover the advantages and properties of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in neuromorphic devices and to promote its further development.Firstly,we categorize several core physical mechanisms present in MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and summarize in detail the reasons for their formation.Then,this work systematically summarizes and classifies advanced techniques for the three main optimization pathways of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),such as doping engineering,interface engineering,and structural engineering.Significantly,this work highlights innovative applications of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices in cutting-edge computing paradigms,particularly near-sensor computing and in-sensor computing.Finally,this review carefully compiles a table that integrates almost all research results involving MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and discusses the challenges,development prospects,and feasibility of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based neuromorphic devices in practical applications,aiming to lay a solid theoretical foundation and provide technical support for further exploration and application of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in the field of neuromorphic devices.展开更多
Saline aquifers are considered as highly favored reservoirs for CO_(2)sequestration due to their favorable properties.Understanding the impact of saline aquifer properties on the migration and distribution of CO_(2)pl...Saline aquifers are considered as highly favored reservoirs for CO_(2)sequestration due to their favorable properties.Understanding the impact of saline aquifer properties on the migration and distribution of CO_(2)plume is crucial.This study focuses on four key parameters-permeability,porosity,formation pressure,and temperature-to characterize the reservoir and analyse the petrophysical and elastic response of CO_(2).First,we performed reservoir simulations to simulate CO_(2)saturation,using multiple sets of these four parameters to examine their significance on CO_(2)saturation and the plume migration speed.Subsequently,the effect of these parameters on the elastic properties is tested using rock physics theory.We established a relationship of compressional wave velocity(V_(p))and quality factor(Q_(p))with the four key parameters,and conducted a sensitivity analysis to test their sensitivity to V_(p) and Q_(p).Finally,we utilized visco-acoustic wave equation simulated time-lapse seismic data based on the computed V_(p) and Q_(p) models,and analysed the impact of CO_(2) saturation changes on seismic data.As for the above nu-merical simulations and analysis,we conducted sensitivity analysis using both homogeneous and heterogeneous models.Consistent results are found between homogeneous and heterogeneous models.The permeability is the most sensitive parameter to the CO_(2)saturation,while porosity emerges as the primary factor affecting both Q_(p) and V_(p).Both Q_(p) and V_(p) increase with the porosity,which contradicts the observations in gas reservoirs.The seismic simulations highlight significant variations in the seismic response to different parameters.We provided analysis for these observations,which serves as a valuable reference for comprehensive CO_(2)integrity analysis,time-lapse monitoring,injection planning and site selection.展开更多
In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System(Ci ADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Rese...In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System(Ci ADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility(CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant disciplines, both domestically and internationally,to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF.Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics—including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures;muon physics;neutrino physics;neutron physics;the testing of fundamental symmetries;and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators.We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.展开更多
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise worldwide and in developing countries like Botswana. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of proper nutrition knowledge cause non-communicable diseases and affect adolescen...Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise worldwide and in developing countries like Botswana. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of proper nutrition knowledge cause non-communicable diseases and affect adolescents. It is in adolescence that eating habits are formed that persist till adulthood. Lifestyle interventions are needed to curb NCDs in adolescents. This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to validate a lifestyle intervention program and its effect on food intake, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge. It was a clustered randomized control trial study conducted in four (4) junior secondary schools. There were 46 participants, 21 in the control and 25 in the intervention arm, who were blindly assigned to each arm by a statistician. Information and skills on nutrition were imparted using the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills model. The program was implemented for eight (8) weeks hourly after school. A questionnaire was used to collect data pre- and post-intervention. Number, proportion, percentage, and independent t-test (mean and SD or median and IQR, p-value) were calculated using numerical and categorical data. The findings showed that the lifestyle intervention was valid, and there was a slight decrease in the intake of sweets among participants in both trial arms (p = 0.066). There was no significant difference in terms of food intake. Only a small number of participants still ate a few fruits, and there was no change in vegetable intake in both trial arms (p = 0.641). There was no change in the intake of fried foods in both trail arms (p = 0.402). Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a slight significant difference of p = 0.079 between the trial arms. Though the effect of the lifestyle intervention program was not statistically significant, the results are promising, especially if the duration could be increased to a longer period and a larger sample size included.展开更多
Today, most people know that physical activity(PA) is beneficial for their health ^(1,2)and aspire to engage in regular PA.^(3,4)However, despite their awareness of the importance of PA, it is evident that the transit...Today, most people know that physical activity(PA) is beneficial for their health ^(1,2)and aspire to engage in regular PA.^(3,4)However, despite their awareness of the importance of PA, it is evident that the transition from intention to action is challenging-a situation that has important public health implications. According to the World Health Organization,^(5)1 person dies every 6 s worldwide from causes related to physical inactivity, which underscores the urgency of addressing this situation.展开更多
Background:Taking actions to maintain a healthy lifestyle,including regular engagement in physical activity(PA)and reducing sedentary behavior(SB),may protect against the development of internalizing problems among he...Background:Taking actions to maintain a healthy lifestyle,including regular engagement in physical activity(PA)and reducing sedentary behavior(SB),may protect against the development of internalizing problems among healthy youth.However,it remains unclear whether such associations exist among youth with chronic pain who often report symptoms of depression and anxiety.To this end,we aimed to investigate the associations between independent and combined PA and/or SB patterns with indicators of internalizing problems in this vulnerable population.Methods:Data used in this cross-sectional study were retrieved from the U.S.National Survey of Children’s Health for the years 2021-2022.Specifically,caregiver proxy reports on sociodemgraphic factors and lifestyle behaviors of 4735 U.S.children and adolescents(referring to youth)aged 6-17 years were collected.We examined independent and combined patterns of PA and SB as exposures,with internalizing problems serving as outcomes of interest.Logistic regressions were used to examine the independent and combined associations of PA and/or SB patterns with anxiety and depression symptoms among youth with chronic pain while adjusting for covariates including age,sex,ethnicity,primary caregivers’education level,overweight status,and household federal poverty level.Results:Overall,our results indicated that PA was negatively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms.Specifically,youth with chronic pain who engaged in at least 60-minute PA for 1-3 days,4-6 days,or every day reported significantly lower likelihood of experiencing symptoms of anxiety(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.60-0.84;OR=0.44,95%CI:0.36-0.53;OR=0.50,95%CI:0.40-0.63,respectively;all p-value<0.001)and depression(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.53-0.75;OR=0.38,95%CI:0.31-0.47;OR=0.46,95%CI:0.36-0.59,respectively;all p-value<0.001)symptoms compared to those with 0 days.Conversely,SB(operationalized via the proxy screen time)was positively associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.Youth with chronic pain who reported 4 or more hours of daily screen time had significantly higher odds of experiencing symptoms of anxiety(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.52-3.09,p<0.001)and depression(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.48-3.59,p<0.001).Furthermore,youth with chronic pain who engaged in higher PA levels and reported lower SB levels had a lower likelihood of experiencing symptoms of anxiety(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.52-0.87,p=0.003)and depression(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.34-0.70,p<0.001)symptoms compared to those with lower PA levels and higher SB levels.Conclusions:Higher PA levels and lower SB levels were associated with a reduced likelihood of developing anxiety and depression symptoms,which are indicative of internalizing problems,among youth with chronic pain.Future public health actions in this vulnerable population should prioritize intervention programs that promote PA engagement to reduce SB levels.展开更多
Energy expenditure estimation can be used to measure the exercise load and physical condition of different individuals, such as soldiers, athletes, firemen, etc., during their training and work. Energy expenditure est...Energy expenditure estimation can be used to measure the exercise load and physical condition of different individuals, such as soldiers, athletes, firemen, etc., during their training and work. Energy expenditure estimation methods based on computer vision have rapidly developed in recent years. Compared with sensor-based methods, such methods are capable of monitoring several target persons at the same time, and the subjects do not need to wear different sensor devices that hamper their movement. In this paper, we propose a cross-attention spatial–temporal convolutional neural network to predict the energy expenditure of people under different exercise intensities. The model explores the relationship between changes in the human skeleton and energy expenditure intensity. In addition, a cross-attention correction module is used to reduce the negative effects of individual physical fitness characteristics during energy expenditure estimation. The experimental results show that our proposed method achieves high accuracy for energy expenditure estimation and performs better than existing computer vision-based energy expenditure estimation methods do. The proposed method can be widely used in various physical activity scenarios to measure energy expenditure, increasing the convenience of usage.展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFD1900104)。
文摘To maintain soil quality under long-term saline water irrigation,the influence of manure on soil physical properties was examined.Long-term saline irrigation has been conducted from 2015 to 2024 at the Nanpi Eco-Agricultural Experimental Station of Chinese Academy Sciences in the Low Plain of the North China Plain,comprising four irrigation treatments:irrigation once at the jointing stage for winter wheat with irrigation water containing salt at fresh water,3,4 and 5 g·L^(–1),and maize irrigation at sowing using fresh water.Manure application was conducted under all irrigation treatments,with treatments without manure application used as controls.The results showed that under long-term irrigation with saline water,the application of manure increased the soil organic matter content,exchangeable potassium,available phosphorus,and total nitrogen content in the 0–20 cm soil layer by 46.8%,117.0%,75.7%,and 45.5%,respectively,compared to treatments without manure application.The application of manure reduced soil bulk density.It also increased the proportion of water-stable aggregates and the abundance of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes in the tillage soil layer compared to the controls.Because of the salt contained in the manure,the application of manure had dual effects on soil salt content.During the winter wheat season,manure application increased soil salt content.The salt content was significantly reduced during the summer maize season,owing to the strong salt-leaching effects under manure application,resulting in a smaller difference in salt content between the manure and non-manure treatments.During the summer rainfall season,improvements in soil structure under manure application increased the soil desalination rate for the 1 m top soil layer.The desalination rate for 0–40 cm and 40–100 cm was averagely by 39.1%and 18.9%higher,respectively,under manure application as compared with that under the nomanure treatments.The yield of winter wheat under manure application was 0.12%lower than that of the control,owing to the higher salt content during the winter wheat season.In contrast,the yield of summer maize improved by 3.9%under manure application,owing to the increased soil nutrient content and effective salt leaching.The results of this study indicated that manure application helped maintain the soil physical structure,which is important for the long-term use of saline water.In practice,using manure with a low salt content is suggested to reduce the adverse effects of saline water irrigation on soil properties and achieve sustainable saline water use.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2023YFC3008004]。
文摘This study introduces a new ocean surface friction velocity scheme and a modified Thompson cloud microphysics parameterization scheme into the CMA-TYM model.The impact of these two parameterization schemes on the prediction of the movement track and intensity of Typhoon Kompasu in 2021 is examined.Additionally,the possible reasons for their effects on tropical cyclone(TC)intensity prediction are analyzed.Statistical results show that both parameterization schemes improve the predictions of Typhoon Kompasu’s track and intensity.The influence on track prediction becomes evident after 60 h of model integration,while the significant positive impact on intensity prediction is observed after 66 h.Further analysis reveals that these two schemes affect the timing and magnitude of extreme TC intensity values by influencing the evolution of the TC’s warm-core structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072529(to HWHT)Key Laboratory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,No.2021KSYS009(to HWHT)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M720907(to HHG)。
文摘Alzheimer's disease is the primary cause of dementia and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden globally.Physical exercise,as an effective strategy for improving general health,has been largely reported for its effectiveness in slowing neurodegeneration and increasing brain functional plasticity,particularly in aging brains.However,the underlying mechanisms of exercise in cognitive aging remain largely unclear.Adiponectin,a cell-secreted protein hormone,has recently been found to regulate synaptic plasticity and mediate the antidepressant effects of physical exercise.Studies on the neuroprotective effects of adiponectin have revealed potential innovative treatments for Alzheimer's disease.Here,we reviewed the functions of adiponectin and its receptor in the brains of human and animal models of cognitive impairment.We summarized the role of adiponectin in Alzheimer's disease,focusing on its impact on energy metabolism,insulin resistance,and inflammation.We also discuss how exercise increases adiponectin secretion and its potential benefits for learning and memory.Finally,we highlight the latest research on chemical compounds that mimic exerciseenhanced secretion of adiponectin and its receptor in Alzheimer's disease.
基金Key Project of Undergraduate Teaching Reform Research of Shandong Normal University(No.2024ZJ12)sixth batch of"Sports and Health"special topic of Education Research of Chinese Society of Education。
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)has become one of the most serious and common chronic diseases around the world,leading to various complications and a reduction in life expectancy.Increased sedentary behavior(SB)and decreased physical activity(PA)are important contributors to the rising prevalence of DM.This article reviews the research progress on the pathogenesis of DM,the effects of SB and PA on the risk of DM,aiming to explore the influence of different PA intensities,amounts,frequencies,durations and types on the incidence of DM.Research has shown that blood glucose levels tend to increase with the prolongation of SB.Within a certain range,PA intensity and PA amount are negatively correlated with the risk of DM;Performing PA for more than 3 days per week maintains normal glucose tolerance and lower blood pressure;Engaging in 150–300 min of moderate intensity exercise or 75–150 min of high-intensity exercise per week reduces the risk of DM;PA during leisure time reduces the risk of DM,while PA during work increases the risk of DM;Both aerobic training and resistance training reduce the risk of DM,and the combination of the two training methods produces better benefits;Various types of exercises,such as cycling,soccer,aerobics,yoga,tai chi,all reduce the risk of DM.In summary,prolonged SB increases the risk of DM,while appropriate PA reduces the risk of DM.As the intensity,amount,and frequency of PA increase,the effect of reducing DM risk becomes more significant.Different exercise methods have different effects on reducing DM risk.
基金funded in part by the German Research Foundation(Grant reference:496846758).
文摘The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary habits, sleep patterns) within the 24-h cycle of daily life. Wearables are applied in research, clinical practice, and as lifestyle devices;most obvious, they promise to be a key element for increasing human physical activity, one of the biggest health challenges nowadays.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51927807,42077267 and 42277174).
文摘A complex geological environment with faults can be encountered in the process of coal mining.Fault activation can cause instantaneous structure slipping,releasing a significant amount of elastic strain energy during underground coal mining.This would trigger strong rockburst disasters.To understand the occurrence of fault-slip induced rockbursts,we developed a physical model test system for fault-slip induced rockbursts in coal mine drifts.The boundary energy storage(BES)loading apparatus and bottom rapid retraction(BRR)apparatus are designed to realize energy compensation and continuous boundary stress transfer of the surrounding rocks for instantaneous fault slip,as well as to provide space for the potential fault slip.Taking the typical fault-slip induced rockburst in the Xinjulong Coal Mine,China,as the background,we conducted a model test using the test system.The deformation and stress in the rock surrounding the drift and the support unit force during fault slip are analyzed.The deformation and failure characteristics and dynamic responses of drifts under fault-slip induced rockbursts are obtained.The test results illustrate the rationality and effectiveness of the test system.Finally,corresponding recommendations and prospects are proposed based on our findings.
基金the North Dakota Industrial Commission (NDIC) for their financial supportprovided by the University of North Dakota Computational Research Center。
文摘Accurate estimation of mineralogy from geophysical well logs is crucial for characterizing geological formations,particularly in hydrocarbon exploration,CO_(2) sequestration,and geothermal energy development.Current techniques,such as multimineral petrophysical analysis,offer details into mineralogical distribution.However,it is inherently time-intensive and demands substantial geological expertise for accurate model evaluation.Furthermore,traditional machine learning techniques often struggle to predict mineralogy accurately and sometimes produce estimations that violate fundamental physical principles.To address this,we present a new approach using Physics-Integrated Neural Networks(PINNs),that combines data-driven learning with domain-specific physical constraints,embedding petrophysical relationships directly into the neural network architecture.This approach enforces that predictions adhere to physical laws.The methodology is applied to the Broom Creek Deep Saline aquifer,a CO_(2) sequestration site in the Williston Basin,to predict the volumes of key mineral constituents—quartz,dolomite,feldspar,anhydrite,illite—along with porosity.Compared to traditional artificial neural networks (ANN),the PINN approach demonstrates higher accuracy and better generalizability,significantly enhancing predictive performance on unseen well datasets.The average mean error across the three blind wells is 0.123 for ANN and 0.042 for PINN,highlighting the superior accuracy of the PINN approach.This method reduces uncertainties in reservoir characterization by improving the reliability of mineralogy and porosity predictions,providing a more robust tool for decision-making in various subsurface geoscience applications.
文摘BACKGROUND While existing literature on ischiofemoral impingement syndrome(IFI)predominantly emphasizes surgical interventions or generalized physical therapy approaches,there remains a paucity of evidence regarding structured,multimodal rehabilitation programs targeting biomechanical deficits in IFI.This case report evaluates the efficacy of a multimodal rehabilitation program addressing a critical gap in conservative management strategies.CASE SUMMARY The patient underwent comprehensive physical and clinical examination,including hip X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging investigations.The patient completed the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire(MSK-HQ)and numerical pain rating scale(NPRS).The patient underwent a two-month tailored structured physical therapy intervention and repeated the same assessment afterwards.The patient's substantial reduction in pain,reflected by a significant decrease in the patient’s NPRS score from 9 to 3 points,signifies a positive clinical response.This outcome,coupled with the significant improvement in the patient's health-related quality of life according to the MSK-HQ score,which increased from 12 to 48 points,underscores the success of our research.CONCLUSION The study highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and managing IFI,combining clinical assessment with imaging and implementing a multimodal rehabilitation program for optimal outcomes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42076069)。
文摘The frontal edge of the Makran accretionary wedge is characterized by the development of multiple imbricate thrust faults trending E-W and relatively parallel.However,the mechanisms underlying their formation and the factors controlling their development remain subjects of debate.This paper,based on seismic profile analysis,employs physical simulation experiments to establish a'wedge'type subduction model.The study explores the influence of the initial wedge angle,horizontal sand layer thickness,and the presence or absence of a decollement layer on the structural styles of the thrust wedge.Experimental results indicate that as the initial wedge angle decreases from 11°to 8°,the lateral growth of the thrust wedge increases,whereas vertical growth diminishes.When the horizontal sand layer thickness is reduced from 4.5 cm to 3.0 cm,the spacing between the frontal thrusts decreases and the number of thrust faults increases.Both lateral and vertical growth are relatively reduced,resulting in a smaller thrust wedge.When a decollement layer is present,the structural style exhibits layered deformation.The decollement layer constrains the development of back thrusts and promotes the localized formation of frontal thrusts.In conclusion,the imbricate thrust faults at the frontal edge of the Makran accretionary wedge are primarily controlled by the characteristics of the wedge itself and the presence of the decollement layer.
文摘BACKGROUND Long-term chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer(GC),facilitated by peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)catheterization,reduces vascular damage and enhances drug delivery efficiency but carries risks of catheter-related complications.A combination of group psychological nursing and physical mo-vement care significantly mitigates the risk of venous thrombosis and improves psychological well-being,and enhances motor function,underscoring its clinical importance.AIM To assess group psychological and physical movement nursing in preventing venous thrombosis in patients with PICC GC.METHODS Sixty-five GC patients with PICC,admitted from January 2022 to January 2023,were randomly divided into two groups using the lottery method:A control group(n=35,routine nursing)and an observation group(n=30,routine nursing plus psychological nursing and physical movement nursing).Both groups re-ceived continuous care for 2 weeks.Pre-nursing and post-nursing data on psycho-logical state,physical function,chemotherapy-related thrombosis incidence,and cancer-related fatigue were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.RESULTS After nursing,both groups showed reduced Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores and increased General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale scores,with the observation group performing better(P<0.05).The Functional Comprehensive Assessment score for the observation group after nursing was(65.42±2.35)points,lower than the control group’s(62.19±4.33)points(P<0.05).Although no significant difference was observed in the incidence of venous thrombosis between the two groups(χ2=0.815,P=0.367),the observation group had lower incidence.Both groups showed decreased Revised Piper Fatigue Scale scores,with the observation group scoring lower(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Group psychological and physical movement nursing for patients with PICC reduces venous thrombosis risk,improves psychological well-being,cancer-related fatigue,and physical function,making it highly promotable.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171114)。
文摘Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics,metallic nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides,have been extensively used to deal with Ti implant infections.However,these chemical approaches suffer from potential toxicity,antibiotic resistance and poor long-term antibacterial performance.Hence,physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based implants have attracted increasing attention.The antibacterial behavior of different surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials against various bacteria only by physical properties of the implants themselves(e.g.,nanotopography)or exogenous physical stimulus(e.g.,photocatalysis)was reviewed,as well as parameters influencing the physical antibacterial processes,such as size,shape and density of the surface nanotextures,and bacterial growth phases.Besides,mechanisms of different fabrication techniques for the physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials were also summarized.
文摘Early intervention for sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)in childhood is crucial for auditory and language development.In recent years,innovative auditory stimulation techniques and speech therapy strategies,such as middle ear implants,cochlear implants,auditory brainstem implants,and midbrain implants,have provided new avenues for improving patient outcomes.Additionally,basic research advancements in cell reprogramming and regeneration,stem cell therapy,and targeted drug delivery offer promising approaches to meet the individualized needs of children with SNHL.However,many challenges and unresolved issues remain in the treatment of SNHL.This article comments on the case report,which describes a female pediatric patient with SNHL who underwent foot reflexology which led to the normalization of hearing thresholds.Reflexology is considered to have potential benefits in physical rehabilitation,but its efficacy in hearing restoration requires further scientific validation through rigorous clinical trials and large-scale prospective studies.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.12425209)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20390,11827803,12172034,11822201,62004056,62104058,62271269).
文摘Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption.MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),an emerging twodimensional material,stands out as an ideal candidate for fabricating neuromorphic devices.Its exceptional electrical performance and robust mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for this purpose.This review aims to uncover the advantages and properties of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in neuromorphic devices and to promote its further development.Firstly,we categorize several core physical mechanisms present in MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and summarize in detail the reasons for their formation.Then,this work systematically summarizes and classifies advanced techniques for the three main optimization pathways of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),such as doping engineering,interface engineering,and structural engineering.Significantly,this work highlights innovative applications of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices in cutting-edge computing paradigms,particularly near-sensor computing and in-sensor computing.Finally,this review carefully compiles a table that integrates almost all research results involving MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and discusses the challenges,development prospects,and feasibility of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based neuromorphic devices in practical applications,aiming to lay a solid theoretical foundation and provide technical support for further exploration and application of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in the field of neuromorphic devices.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploitation, Open Fund Project (No. CCL2023RCPS0162RQN)the primary funding, National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. ZX20230400)
文摘Saline aquifers are considered as highly favored reservoirs for CO_(2)sequestration due to their favorable properties.Understanding the impact of saline aquifer properties on the migration and distribution of CO_(2)plume is crucial.This study focuses on four key parameters-permeability,porosity,formation pressure,and temperature-to characterize the reservoir and analyse the petrophysical and elastic response of CO_(2).First,we performed reservoir simulations to simulate CO_(2)saturation,using multiple sets of these four parameters to examine their significance on CO_(2)saturation and the plume migration speed.Subsequently,the effect of these parameters on the elastic properties is tested using rock physics theory.We established a relationship of compressional wave velocity(V_(p))and quality factor(Q_(p))with the four key parameters,and conducted a sensitivity analysis to test their sensitivity to V_(p) and Q_(p).Finally,we utilized visco-acoustic wave equation simulated time-lapse seismic data based on the computed V_(p) and Q_(p) models,and analysed the impact of CO_(2) saturation changes on seismic data.As for the above nu-merical simulations and analysis,we conducted sensitivity analysis using both homogeneous and heterogeneous models.Consistent results are found between homogeneous and heterogeneous models.The permeability is the most sensitive parameter to the CO_(2)saturation,while porosity emerges as the primary factor affecting both Q_(p) and V_(p).Both Q_(p) and V_(p) increase with the porosity,which contradicts the observations in gas reservoirs.The seismic simulations highlight significant variations in the seismic response to different parameters.We provided analysis for these observations,which serves as a valuable reference for comprehensive CO_(2)integrity analysis,time-lapse monitoring,injection planning and site selection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12075326)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2025A1515010669)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangzhou (Grant No.2024A04J6243)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in Sun Yat-sen University (No.23xkjc017)the Innovation Training Program for bachelor students in Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System(Ci ADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility(CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant disciplines, both domestically and internationally,to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF.Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics—including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures;muon physics;neutrino physics;neutron physics;the testing of fundamental symmetries;and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators.We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.
文摘Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise worldwide and in developing countries like Botswana. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of proper nutrition knowledge cause non-communicable diseases and affect adolescents. It is in adolescence that eating habits are formed that persist till adulthood. Lifestyle interventions are needed to curb NCDs in adolescents. This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to validate a lifestyle intervention program and its effect on food intake, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge. It was a clustered randomized control trial study conducted in four (4) junior secondary schools. There were 46 participants, 21 in the control and 25 in the intervention arm, who were blindly assigned to each arm by a statistician. Information and skills on nutrition were imparted using the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills model. The program was implemented for eight (8) weeks hourly after school. A questionnaire was used to collect data pre- and post-intervention. Number, proportion, percentage, and independent t-test (mean and SD or median and IQR, p-value) were calculated using numerical and categorical data. The findings showed that the lifestyle intervention was valid, and there was a slight decrease in the intake of sweets among participants in both trial arms (p = 0.066). There was no significant difference in terms of food intake. Only a small number of participants still ate a few fruits, and there was no change in vegetable intake in both trial arms (p = 0.641). There was no change in the intake of fried foods in both trail arms (p = 0.402). Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a slight significant difference of p = 0.079 between the trial arms. Though the effect of the lifestyle intervention program was not statistically significant, the results are promising, especially if the duration could be increased to a longer period and a larger sample size included.
基金supported by The Shenzhen Educational Research Funding(zdzb2014)The Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(202307313000096)+4 种基金The Social Science Foundation from the China's Ministry of Education(23YJA880093)The Post-Doctoral Fellowship(2022M711174)The National Center for Mental Health(Z014)BC is supported by the Chaires de recherche Rennes Métropole(23C 0909)SM is supported by the National Insti-tutes of Health(R01AG72445).
文摘Today, most people know that physical activity(PA) is beneficial for their health ^(1,2)and aspire to engage in regular PA.^(3,4)However, despite their awareness of the importance of PA, it is evident that the transition from intention to action is challenging-a situation that has important public health implications. According to the World Health Organization,^(5)1 person dies every 6 s worldwide from causes related to physical inactivity, which underscores the urgency of addressing this situation.
基金supported by Shenzhen Educational Research Funding(zdzb2014)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Foundation(202307313000096)+4 种基金Social Science Foundation from China’s Ministry of Education(23YJA880093)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711174)National Center for Mental Health Foundation(Z014),Research Excellence Scholarships of Shenzhen University(ZYZD2305)Research Funding for Society of Sport Science(PT2023030)Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen University(000311).
文摘Background:Taking actions to maintain a healthy lifestyle,including regular engagement in physical activity(PA)and reducing sedentary behavior(SB),may protect against the development of internalizing problems among healthy youth.However,it remains unclear whether such associations exist among youth with chronic pain who often report symptoms of depression and anxiety.To this end,we aimed to investigate the associations between independent and combined PA and/or SB patterns with indicators of internalizing problems in this vulnerable population.Methods:Data used in this cross-sectional study were retrieved from the U.S.National Survey of Children’s Health for the years 2021-2022.Specifically,caregiver proxy reports on sociodemgraphic factors and lifestyle behaviors of 4735 U.S.children and adolescents(referring to youth)aged 6-17 years were collected.We examined independent and combined patterns of PA and SB as exposures,with internalizing problems serving as outcomes of interest.Logistic regressions were used to examine the independent and combined associations of PA and/or SB patterns with anxiety and depression symptoms among youth with chronic pain while adjusting for covariates including age,sex,ethnicity,primary caregivers’education level,overweight status,and household federal poverty level.Results:Overall,our results indicated that PA was negatively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms.Specifically,youth with chronic pain who engaged in at least 60-minute PA for 1-3 days,4-6 days,or every day reported significantly lower likelihood of experiencing symptoms of anxiety(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.60-0.84;OR=0.44,95%CI:0.36-0.53;OR=0.50,95%CI:0.40-0.63,respectively;all p-value<0.001)and depression(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.53-0.75;OR=0.38,95%CI:0.31-0.47;OR=0.46,95%CI:0.36-0.59,respectively;all p-value<0.001)symptoms compared to those with 0 days.Conversely,SB(operationalized via the proxy screen time)was positively associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.Youth with chronic pain who reported 4 or more hours of daily screen time had significantly higher odds of experiencing symptoms of anxiety(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.52-3.09,p<0.001)and depression(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.48-3.59,p<0.001).Furthermore,youth with chronic pain who engaged in higher PA levels and reported lower SB levels had a lower likelihood of experiencing symptoms of anxiety(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.52-0.87,p=0.003)and depression(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.34-0.70,p<0.001)symptoms compared to those with lower PA levels and higher SB levels.Conclusions:Higher PA levels and lower SB levels were associated with a reduced likelihood of developing anxiety and depression symptoms,which are indicative of internalizing problems,among youth with chronic pain.Future public health actions in this vulnerable population should prioritize intervention programs that promote PA engagement to reduce SB levels.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFC3600403)Emerging Interdisciplinary Platform for Medicine and Engineering in Sports (EIPMES),Beijing,China。
文摘Energy expenditure estimation can be used to measure the exercise load and physical condition of different individuals, such as soldiers, athletes, firemen, etc., during their training and work. Energy expenditure estimation methods based on computer vision have rapidly developed in recent years. Compared with sensor-based methods, such methods are capable of monitoring several target persons at the same time, and the subjects do not need to wear different sensor devices that hamper their movement. In this paper, we propose a cross-attention spatial–temporal convolutional neural network to predict the energy expenditure of people under different exercise intensities. The model explores the relationship between changes in the human skeleton and energy expenditure intensity. In addition, a cross-attention correction module is used to reduce the negative effects of individual physical fitness characteristics during energy expenditure estimation. The experimental results show that our proposed method achieves high accuracy for energy expenditure estimation and performs better than existing computer vision-based energy expenditure estimation methods do. The proposed method can be widely used in various physical activity scenarios to measure energy expenditure, increasing the convenience of usage.
