Background:When non-operative management fails to improve symptoms in patients with non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy,surgery may be required.Various open and endoscopic techniques have been proposed,and platelet-...Background:When non-operative management fails to improve symptoms in patients with non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy,surgery may be required.Various open and endoscopic techniques have been proposed,and platelet-rich plasma(PRP)injections have been proposed as an adjunct to aid tendon healing.Methods:Thirty-six patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy were randomized to undergo endoscopic debridement alone(n=19)or in combination with intraoperative PRP application(n=17).Clinical outcome measures included the Visual Analogue Scale for pain,function,and satisfaction and the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles(VISA-A)questionnaire.Patients were followed-up at 6 weeks,3months,6 months,and 12 months after surgery.An MRI examination at 3 and 12 months was used to assess signal alterations within the tendon.Results:Both groups showed significant clinical improvement(p<0.05)after surgery,with no difference between the 2 groups.Tendon diameter increased at 3 months and decreased at 12 months.The tendinopathy area increased at 3 months and decreased at 12 months below baseline level in both groups.There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the MRI parameters.Nodular thickening and MRIdetected signal alteration persisted after surgery,with no association between imaging and clinical outcome.Five minor complications were reported:2 in the PRP group and 3 in the control group.Conclusion:Endoscopic debridement of the Achilles tendon improved clinical outcomes in patients with mid-portion tendinopathy.The addition of PRP did not improve outcomes compared to debridement alone.MRI parameters showed no association with clinical outcomes.展开更多
Achilles tendinopathy is a very common pathology, especially in the athletic population. Its etiology is multifactorial and the underlying pathophysiology is still not fully understood. For non-insertional tendinopath...Achilles tendinopathy is a very common pathology, especially in the athletic population. Its etiology is multifactorial and the underlying pathophysiology is still not fully understood. For non-insertional tendinopathy is increasingly recognized the influence of paratendinopathy in the genesis of patients symptoms, so various surgical treatments have been accordingly developed;they are indicated when conservative treatment fails. The Achilles tendoscopy is one of these techniques, it has the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, resulting in a low complication rate and good functional results. In relation to this procedure we review the surgical technique, which is exemplified by the case of a high performance athlete treated satisfactorily.展开更多
A spanning tree with no more than 3 leaves is called a spanning 3-ended tree. In this paper, we prove that if G is a k-connected （k≥ 2） almost claw-free graph of order n and σk＋3（G） ≥ n ＋ k ＋ 2, then G conta...A spanning tree with no more than 3 leaves is called a spanning 3-ended tree. In this paper, we prove that if G is a k-connected （k≥ 2） almost claw-free graph of order n and σk＋3（G） ≥ n ＋ k ＋ 2, then G contains a spanning 3-ended tree, where σk（G） = min{∑es deg（v） ： S is an independent set of G with ｜S｜ = k}.展开更多
For a graph G, a path cover is a set of vertex disjoint paths covering all the vertices of G, and a path cover number of G, denoted by p(G), is the minimum number of paths in a path cover among all the path covers of ...For a graph G, a path cover is a set of vertex disjoint paths covering all the vertices of G, and a path cover number of G, denoted by p(G), is the minimum number of paths in a path cover among all the path covers of G. In this paper, we prove that if G is a K_(1,4)-free graph of order n and σ_(k+1)(G) ≥ n-k, then p(G) ≤ k, where σ_(k+1)(G) = min{∑v∈S d(v) : S is an independent set of G with |S| = k + 1}.展开更多
文摘Background:When non-operative management fails to improve symptoms in patients with non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy,surgery may be required.Various open and endoscopic techniques have been proposed,and platelet-rich plasma(PRP)injections have been proposed as an adjunct to aid tendon healing.Methods:Thirty-six patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy were randomized to undergo endoscopic debridement alone(n=19)or in combination with intraoperative PRP application(n=17).Clinical outcome measures included the Visual Analogue Scale for pain,function,and satisfaction and the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles(VISA-A)questionnaire.Patients were followed-up at 6 weeks,3months,6 months,and 12 months after surgery.An MRI examination at 3 and 12 months was used to assess signal alterations within the tendon.Results:Both groups showed significant clinical improvement(p<0.05)after surgery,with no difference between the 2 groups.Tendon diameter increased at 3 months and decreased at 12 months.The tendinopathy area increased at 3 months and decreased at 12 months below baseline level in both groups.There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the MRI parameters.Nodular thickening and MRIdetected signal alteration persisted after surgery,with no association between imaging and clinical outcome.Five minor complications were reported:2 in the PRP group and 3 in the control group.Conclusion:Endoscopic debridement of the Achilles tendon improved clinical outcomes in patients with mid-portion tendinopathy.The addition of PRP did not improve outcomes compared to debridement alone.MRI parameters showed no association with clinical outcomes.
文摘Achilles tendinopathy is a very common pathology, especially in the athletic population. Its etiology is multifactorial and the underlying pathophysiology is still not fully understood. For non-insertional tendinopathy is increasingly recognized the influence of paratendinopathy in the genesis of patients symptoms, so various surgical treatments have been accordingly developed;they are indicated when conservative treatment fails. The Achilles tendoscopy is one of these techniques, it has the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, resulting in a low complication rate and good functional results. In relation to this procedure we review the surgical technique, which is exemplified by the case of a high performance athlete treated satisfactorily.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Tian Yuan Special Foundation(Grant No.11426125)by Educational Commission of Liaoning Province(Grant No.L2014239)
文摘A spanning tree with no more than 3 leaves is called a spanning 3-ended tree. In this paper, we prove that if G is a k-connected （k≥ 2） almost claw-free graph of order n and σk＋3（G） ≥ n ＋ k ＋ 2, then G contains a spanning 3-ended tree, where σk（G） = min{∑es deg（v） ： S is an independent set of G with ｜S｜ = k}.
基金Supported by the Joint Fund of Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.SY2016012)
文摘For a graph G, a path cover is a set of vertex disjoint paths covering all the vertices of G, and a path cover number of G, denoted by p(G), is the minimum number of paths in a path cover among all the path covers of G. In this paper, we prove that if G is a K_(1,4)-free graph of order n and σ_(k+1)(G) ≥ n-k, then p(G) ≤ k, where σ_(k+1)(G) = min{∑v∈S d(v) : S is an independent set of G with |S| = k + 1}.
