Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a smal...Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a small fraction of all the genes affected by elicitor. Transcriptional responses to various elicitors have been extensively studied in different plants including Nicotiana and Arabidopsis thaliana; however, corresponding data aren＇t available for non-heading Chinese cabbage. To address this problem, we describe a suppression subtractive library-based approach to isolate the plant＇s ESTs up-regulated in the early induction/execution of the HR induced by elicitor PB90 from Phytophthora boehmeriae. According to their putative identification in BLAST searches against the three genome databases, 70 up-regulated genes were classified into 9 parts： some aspect of primary ＇metabolism＇ or ＇energy＇ production; ＇protein synthesis＇ or ＇protein fate＇; cellular communication/signal transduction mechanism; cell fates including Beclin, SPT1, and SPT2; HLA-B and AGO1 which participate in transcription; cellular transport and hypothetical proteins or proteins for which a function has yet to be determined. Seven selected genes such as Beclin, thioredoxin, HLA-B, MAP3K, SPT1, SPT2, and AGO1 were up-regulated induced by PB90, suggesting that the genes may play an important role in PB90-triggered HR.展开更多
The application of non-suppressed ion chromatography for monitoring of trace elements in air particulate matter was studied in the present investigation. The results indicate that the use of microwave acid digestion m...The application of non-suppressed ion chromatography for monitoring of trace elements in air particulate matter was studied in the present investigation. The results indicate that the use of microwave acid digestion method is superior in comparison with the conventional thermal acid digestion method as it leads to higher recovery, better reproducibility, lower volatility loss, better protection against environmental contamination and much less digestion time (5 minutes vs. 24 hours). The use of eluent as extractant is shown to reduce the water dip problem in the chro-matogram. The addition of chelating agent in the eluent coupled with UV detection is shown to provide satisfactory chromatographic separation and good sensitivity for the analysis of transition metals present in the air particulate matter. Using the U.S. National Bureau of Standards Reference Material 1648 Urban Particulate Matter as standard for checking, the analytical procedure is shown to give good recovery and reproducibility for the detection of the following cations and anions in air particulate matter: Fe2 Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Mg, Na, HN4+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-. Field test was also performed to check the applicability of the method and the results obtained were discussed in the present paper.展开更多
针对非整数阶盲移频干扰生成的欺骗干扰效果单一,假目标分布规律等问题,提出了一种基于阶梯波盲移频的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)雷达干扰。设计了均匀阶梯波和非均匀阶梯波两种移频方法,推导了基于阶梯波盲移频的LFM...针对非整数阶盲移频干扰生成的欺骗干扰效果单一,假目标分布规律等问题,提出了一种基于阶梯波盲移频的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)雷达干扰。设计了均匀阶梯波和非均匀阶梯波两种移频方法,推导了基于阶梯波盲移频的LFM雷达干扰数学模型。该技术引入阶梯波函数对系统阶数进行调制,在系统延时不变的情况下,可以实现精确位置的欺骗假目标群或固定范围内的随机假目标。通过调整阶梯波函数的各项参数,可以完成对假目标位置、幅度和数量的控制。仿真验证表明,采用均匀阶梯波函数可以实现特定位置的密集假目标,采用非均匀阶梯波函数能够在特定范围内生成随机的假目标。对调频斜率捷变的雷达有着较强的干扰能力,具有较好的工程应用意义。展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)low-level viremia(LLV)during antiretroviral therapy(ART)occurs frequently in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province....Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)low-level viremia(LLV)during antiretroviral therapy(ART)occurs frequently in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province.What is added by this report?Among people living with HIV who achieved virological success[viral load(VL)<1,000 copies/mL]after initiating ART in Dehong Prefecture,Southwest China,17.6%experienced first-year LLV of 50–999 copies/mL First-year LLV emerged as an independent risk factor for subsequent viral non-suppression compared with participants maintaining first-year VL<50 copies/mL.展开更多
Traditional range-dependency compensation space time adaptive processing(STAP)methods usually involve aligning the clutter spectrums in a certain point to reduce the clutter non-homogeneity.A novel compensation STAP m...Traditional range-dependency compensation space time adaptive processing(STAP)methods usually involve aligning the clutter spectrums in a certain point to reduce the clutter non-homogeneity.A novel compensation STAP method is proposed as an improved Doppler warping(DW)method for airborne radar with non-sidelooking radar.This method facilitates DW method to bring clutter spectrum of different range gates together in the mainlobe and subsequently compensation to accomplish space angle of different range gates alignment at multiple Doppler bins.Simulation results show that the proposed method can further reduce the clutter non-homogeneity of non-sidelooking array and significantly outperform traditional algorithms with only a little increase of the computation load.展开更多
This paper addresses the problem of suppression of the integrated air defense system(IADS) by multiple fighters’ cooperation. Considering the dynamic changing of the number of the nodes in the operational process, a ...This paper addresses the problem of suppression of the integrated air defense system(IADS) by multiple fighters’ cooperation. Considering the dynamic changing of the number of the nodes in the operational process, a profit model for the influence of the mission’s cost for the whole system is developed for both offense and defensive sides. The scenario analysis is given for the process of suppressing the IADS by multiple fighters. Based on this scenario analysis, the modeling method and the specific expression for the payoff function are proposed in four cases for each node. Moreover, a distributed virtual learning algorithm is designed for the n-person and n-strategy game, and the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium(MSNE) of this game can be solved from the n × m × 3-dimensional profit space. Finally, the simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the game algorithm.展开更多
针对交通目标检测时物体尺度变化大,检测目标较为密集的问题,基于YOLO(you only look once)v8s提出一种高效多尺度YOLO(fast multiscale powerful-YOLO,FMP-YOLO)模型。在主干网络中,引入基于部分卷积(partial convolution,PConv)与快...针对交通目标检测时物体尺度变化大,检测目标较为密集的问题,基于YOLO(you only look once)v8s提出一种高效多尺度YOLO(fast multiscale powerful-YOLO,FMP-YOLO)模型。在主干网络中,引入基于部分卷积(partial convolution,PConv)与快速傅里叶卷积(fast Fourier convolution,FFC)设计的Faster Block模块,减少了冗余计算和内存访问,提高了推理速度,改善了感受野受限的问题;在聚合网络中,使用改进后的组混洗卷积(group shuffle convolution,GSConv)替换普通卷积,更好地捕获不同尺度的特征,进一步降低了模型的参数量和计算量;将Powerful-IoU与软非极大值抑制(soft non maximum suppression,SoftNMS)结合替换原有的非极大值抑制算法(non maximum suppression,NMS),改善了由参数量降低导致特征学习能力下降的问题,并且提高了模型的精度。在SODA10M和MS COCO数据集上进行实验,实验结果表明,改进后的模型性能超越原始模型,参数量和计算量下降40%左右,mAP分别提高了1.7%和1.4%,FMP-YOLO在体积与精度上优于其他经典模型,具有较强的实用性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30471123,30571206)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK2005421)New Century Excellent Scholar Project of Ministry of Education of China(NCET-07-0042).
文摘Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a small fraction of all the genes affected by elicitor. Transcriptional responses to various elicitors have been extensively studied in different plants including Nicotiana and Arabidopsis thaliana; however, corresponding data aren＇t available for non-heading Chinese cabbage. To address this problem, we describe a suppression subtractive library-based approach to isolate the plant＇s ESTs up-regulated in the early induction/execution of the HR induced by elicitor PB90 from Phytophthora boehmeriae. According to their putative identification in BLAST searches against the three genome databases, 70 up-regulated genes were classified into 9 parts： some aspect of primary ＇metabolism＇ or ＇energy＇ production; ＇protein synthesis＇ or ＇protein fate＇; cellular communication/signal transduction mechanism; cell fates including Beclin, SPT1, and SPT2; HLA-B and AGO1 which participate in transcription; cellular transport and hypothetical proteins or proteins for which a function has yet to be determined. Seven selected genes such as Beclin, thioredoxin, HLA-B, MAP3K, SPT1, SPT2, and AGO1 were up-regulated induced by PB90, suggesting that the genes may play an important role in PB90-triggered HR.
文摘The application of non-suppressed ion chromatography for monitoring of trace elements in air particulate matter was studied in the present investigation. The results indicate that the use of microwave acid digestion method is superior in comparison with the conventional thermal acid digestion method as it leads to higher recovery, better reproducibility, lower volatility loss, better protection against environmental contamination and much less digestion time (5 minutes vs. 24 hours). The use of eluent as extractant is shown to reduce the water dip problem in the chro-matogram. The addition of chelating agent in the eluent coupled with UV detection is shown to provide satisfactory chromatographic separation and good sensitivity for the analysis of transition metals present in the air particulate matter. Using the U.S. National Bureau of Standards Reference Material 1648 Urban Particulate Matter as standard for checking, the analytical procedure is shown to give good recovery and reproducibility for the detection of the following cations and anions in air particulate matter: Fe2 Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Mg, Na, HN4+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-. Field test was also performed to check the applicability of the method and the results obtained were discussed in the present paper.
文摘针对非整数阶盲移频干扰生成的欺骗干扰效果单一,假目标分布规律等问题,提出了一种基于阶梯波盲移频的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)雷达干扰。设计了均匀阶梯波和非均匀阶梯波两种移频方法,推导了基于阶梯波盲移频的LFM雷达干扰数学模型。该技术引入阶梯波函数对系统阶数进行调制,在系统延时不变的情况下,可以实现精确位置的欺骗假目标群或固定范围内的随机假目标。通过调整阶梯波函数的各项参数,可以完成对假目标位置、幅度和数量的控制。仿真验证表明,采用均匀阶梯波函数可以实现特定位置的密集假目标,采用非均匀阶梯波函数能够在特定范围内生成随机的假目标。对调频斜率捷变的雷达有着较强的干扰能力,具有较好的工程应用意义。
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)low-level viremia(LLV)during antiretroviral therapy(ART)occurs frequently in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province.What is added by this report?Among people living with HIV who achieved virological success[viral load(VL)<1,000 copies/mL]after initiating ART in Dehong Prefecture,Southwest China,17.6%experienced first-year LLV of 50–999 copies/mL First-year LLV emerged as an independent risk factor for subsequent viral non-suppression compared with participants maintaining first-year VL<50 copies/mL.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61201459,61071165)the National Defense Basic Science Research Scheme(B2520110008)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-09-0069)
文摘Traditional range-dependency compensation space time adaptive processing(STAP)methods usually involve aligning the clutter spectrums in a certain point to reduce the clutter non-homogeneity.A novel compensation STAP method is proposed as an improved Doppler warping(DW)method for airborne radar with non-sidelooking radar.This method facilitates DW method to bring clutter spectrum of different range gates together in the mainlobe and subsequently compensation to accomplish space angle of different range gates alignment at multiple Doppler bins.Simulation results show that the proposed method can further reduce the clutter non-homogeneity of non-sidelooking array and significantly outperform traditional algorithms with only a little increase of the computation load.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61603411)
文摘This paper addresses the problem of suppression of the integrated air defense system(IADS) by multiple fighters’ cooperation. Considering the dynamic changing of the number of the nodes in the operational process, a profit model for the influence of the mission’s cost for the whole system is developed for both offense and defensive sides. The scenario analysis is given for the process of suppressing the IADS by multiple fighters. Based on this scenario analysis, the modeling method and the specific expression for the payoff function are proposed in four cases for each node. Moreover, a distributed virtual learning algorithm is designed for the n-person and n-strategy game, and the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium(MSNE) of this game can be solved from the n × m × 3-dimensional profit space. Finally, the simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the game algorithm.
文摘针对交通目标检测时物体尺度变化大,检测目标较为密集的问题,基于YOLO(you only look once)v8s提出一种高效多尺度YOLO(fast multiscale powerful-YOLO,FMP-YOLO)模型。在主干网络中,引入基于部分卷积(partial convolution,PConv)与快速傅里叶卷积(fast Fourier convolution,FFC)设计的Faster Block模块,减少了冗余计算和内存访问,提高了推理速度,改善了感受野受限的问题;在聚合网络中,使用改进后的组混洗卷积(group shuffle convolution,GSConv)替换普通卷积,更好地捕获不同尺度的特征,进一步降低了模型的参数量和计算量;将Powerful-IoU与软非极大值抑制(soft non maximum suppression,SoftNMS)结合替换原有的非极大值抑制算法(non maximum suppression,NMS),改善了由参数量降低导致特征学习能力下降的问题,并且提高了模型的精度。在SODA10M和MS COCO数据集上进行实验,实验结果表明,改进后的模型性能超越原始模型,参数量和计算量下降40%左右,mAP分别提高了1.7%和1.4%,FMP-YOLO在体积与精度上优于其他经典模型,具有较强的实用性。
