The follow-up application of underwater wireless sensor network is influenced by accuracy of self-localization of nodes. The self-localization of nodes is discussed in this paper. First of all, nodes of underwater wir...The follow-up application of underwater wireless sensor network is influenced by accuracy of self-localization of nodes. The self-localization of nodes is discussed in this paper. First of all, nodes of underwater wireless sensor network are classified into several levels according to the accuracy of position of nodes and the levels are from the first to the fifth in accordance with accuracy of nodes from high to low respectively. Secondly, the level of anchor nodes can be known by those unknown nodes from the information given by the anchor nodes themselves, At the same time the unknown nodes are able to be located in the area controlled by the first level of anchor nodes that are as the aggregation. Then the positioning algorithm is designed correspondingly in accordance with the accuracy level of nodes. Finally, the positioning algorithm is simulated and analyzed. The result shows that the unknown nodes can be located effectively by hierarchical control.展开更多
BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning ofte...BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning often fail to capture the sparse and diagnostically critical features of metastatic potential.AIM To develop and validate a case-level multiple-instance learning(MIL)framework mimicking a pathologist's comprehensive review and improve T3/T4 CRC LNM prediction.METHODS The whole-slide images of 130 patients with T3/T4 CRC were retrospectively collected.A case-level MIL framework utilising the CONCH v1.5 and UNI2-h deep learning models was trained on features from all haematoxylin and eosinstained primary tumour slides for each patient.These pathological features were subsequently integrated with clinical data,and model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The case-level framework demonstrated superior LNM prediction over slide-level training,with the CONCH v1.5 model achieving a mean AUC(±SD)of 0.899±0.033 vs 0.814±0.083,respectively.Integrating pathology features with clinical data further enhanced performance,yielding a top model with a mean AUC of 0.904±0.047,in sharp contrast to a clinical-only model(mean AUC 0.584±0.084).Crucially,a pathologist’s review confirmed that the model-identified high-attention regions correspond to known high-risk histopathological features.CONCLUSION A case-level MIL framework provides a superior approach for predicting LNM in advanced CRC.This method shows promise for risk stratification and therapy decisions,requiring further validation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Early screening,preoperative staging,and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis are crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of combined multidetector compu...BACKGROUND Early screening,preoperative staging,and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis are crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of combined multidetector computed tomography(MDCT)and gastrointestinal endoscopy for GC screening,preoperative staging,and lymph node metastasis detection,thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS In this retrospective study clinical and imaging data of 134 patients with suspected GC who were admitted between January 2023 and October 2024 were initially reviewed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,102 patients were finally enrolled in the analysis.All enrolled patients had undergone both MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy examinations prior to surgical intervention.Preoperative clinical staging and lymph node metastasis findings were compared with pathological results.RESULTS The combined use of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.53%,specificity of 97.06%,accuracy of 98.04%,positive predictive value of 98.53%,and negative predictive value of 97.06%for diagnosing GC.These factors were all significantly higher than those of MDCT or endoscopy alone(P<0.05).The accuracy rates of the combined approach for detecting clinical T and N stages were 97.06%and 92.65%,respectively,outperforming MDCT alone(86.76% and 79.41%)and endoscopy alone(85.29% and 70.59%)(P<0.05).Among 68 patients with confirmed GC,50(73.53%)were pathologically diagnosed with lymph node metastasis.The accuracy for detecting lymph node metastasis was 66.00%with endoscopy,76.00%with MDCT,and 92.00% with the combined approach,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combined application of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy enhanced diagnostic accuracy for GC,provided greater consistency in preoperative staging,and improved the detection of lymph node metastasis,thereby demonstrating significant clinical utility.展开更多
Self-localization is a fundamental requirement for the mobile robot. Robot usually contains a large number of dif- ferent sensors, which provide the information of robot localization, and all the sensor information sh...Self-localization is a fundamental requirement for the mobile robot. Robot usually contains a large number of dif- ferent sensors, which provide the information of robot localization, and all the sensor information should be considered for the optimal location. Kalman filter is efficient to realize the information fusion. Used as an efficient sensor fusion algorithm, Kalman filter is an advanced filtering technique which can reduce errors of the position and orientation of the sensors. Kalman filter has been paied much attention to robot automation and solutions to solve uncertainties such as robot localization, navigation, following, tracking, motion control, estimation and prediction. The paper briefly describes Kalman filter theory, and establishes a simple mathematical model based on muti-sensor mobile robot. Meanwhile, Kalman filter is used in robot self-localization by simulations, and it is demonstrated by simulations that Kalman filter is effective.展开更多
Many applications of wireless sensor networks can benefit from fine-grained localization. In this paper, we proposed an accurate, distributed localization method based on the time difference between radio signal and s...Many applications of wireless sensor networks can benefit from fine-grained localization. In this paper, we proposed an accurate, distributed localization method based on the time difference between radio signal and sound wave. In a trilateration, each node adaptively chooses a neighborhood of sensors and updates its position estimate with trilateration, and then passes this update to neighboring sensors. Application examples demonstrate that the proposed method is more robust and accurate in localizing node than the previous proposals and it can achieve comparable results using much fewer anchor nodes than the previous methods.展开更多
When a group of mobile agents track a target,they can locate themselves and the target in a cooperative manner.To maximize the group advantage,a parallel integration strategy of cooperative target-localization(CTL)and...When a group of mobile agents track a target,they can locate themselves and the target in a cooperative manner.To maximize the group advantage,a parallel integration strategy of cooperative target-localization(CTL)and cooperative self-localization(CSL)is designed.Firstly,a global cost function containing the agents’positions and the target’s position is established.Secondly,along with the agents’positions being re-estimated during CTL,the Utransform is employed to propagate the error covariance of the position estimations among the agents.The simulation results show that,the proposal exploits more information for locating the target and the agents than the cases where CTL and CSL run separately,and the global optimal position estimations of the agents and the target are obtained.展开更多
This paper develops a new algorithm for sensor network self-localization, which is an enhanced version of the existing Crocco’s method in [11]. The algorithm explores the noisy time of flight (TOF) measurements that ...This paper develops a new algorithm for sensor network self-localization, which is an enhanced version of the existing Crocco’s method in [11]. The algorithm explores the noisy time of flight (TOF) measurements that quantify the distances between sensor nodes to be localized and sources also at unknown positions. The newly proposed technique first obtains rough estimates of the sensor node and source positions, and then it refines the estimates via a least squares estimator (LSE). The LSE takes into account the geometrical constraints introduced by the desired global coordinate system to improve performance. Simulations show that the new technique offers superior localization accuracy over the original Crocco’s algorithm under small measurement noise condition.展开更多
Self-localization is one of the most important aspects for using mobile robots in unstructured environments. In this paper, the authors introduce a new approach for a self-localization and navigation unit for mobile p...Self-localization is one of the most important aspects for using mobile robots in unstructured environments. In this paper, the authors introduce a new approach for a self-localization and navigation unit for mobile platforms in extraterrestrial environments, based on the authors＂ successful results in self-localization of forestry machines on earth. The presented approach is developed from a highly modular concept, which allows a simple but efficient adaption to specific applications by just substituting some scenario dependent components. In this paper, the authors will explain the general concept and the terrestrial implementation so far. On this basis, the authors will demonstrate and discuss the necessary adaptions to the general concept in order to handle the different conditions on extraterrestrial surfaces.展开更多
The principal breast cancer treatment approach has long been surgical removal of the primary breast lesions and regional lymph nodes,particularly the axillary lymph nodes.However,the advent of minimally invasive diagn...The principal breast cancer treatment approach has long been surgical removal of the primary breast lesions and regional lymph nodes,particularly the axillary lymph nodes.However,the advent of minimally invasive diagnostic techniques,such as sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB),has markedly diminished the extent of surgery required for regional lymph nodes.展开更多
BACKGROUND One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is that it metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes frequently with a high degree of local invasiveness.A primary feature of malignant tumors...BACKGROUND One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is that it metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes frequently with a high degree of local invasiveness.A primary feature of malignant tumors is their penetration of neighboring tissues,such as lymphatic and blood arteries,due to the tumor cells'capacity to break down the extracellular matrix(ECM).Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)constitute a family of proteolytic enzymes that facilitate tissue remodeling and the degradation of the ECM.MMP-9 and MMP-13 belong to the group of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and their expression has been studied in OSCC because of their specific functions.MMP-13,a collagenase family member,is thought to play an essential role in the MMP activation cascade by breaking down the fibrillar collagens,whereas MMP-9 is thought to accelerate the growth of tumors.Elevated MMP-13 expression has been associated with tumor behavior and patient prognosis in a number of malignant cases.AIM To assess the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in OSCC.METHODS A total of 40 cases with histologically confirmed OSCC by incisional biopsy were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study.The protocols for both MMP-9 and MMP-13 immunohistochemical staining were performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations along with the normal gingival epithelium as a positive control.All the observations were recorded and Pearson’sχ²test with Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Our study showed no significant correlation between MMP-9 and MMP-13 staining intensity and tumor size.The majority of the patients were in advanced TNM stages(III and IV),and showed intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13.CONCLUSION The present study suggests that both MMP-9 and MMP-13 play an important and independent role in OSCC progression and invasiveness.Intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13,irrespective of histological grade of OSCC,correlates well with TNM stage.Consequently,it is evident that MMP-9 and MMP-13 are important for the invasiveness and progression of tumors.The findings may facilitate the development of new approaches for evaluating lymph node metastases and interventional therapy techniques,hence enhancing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with OSCC.展开更多
Identifying key nodes in complex networks is crucial for understanding and controlling their dynamics. Traditional centrality measures often fall short in capturing the multifaceted roles of nodes within these network...Identifying key nodes in complex networks is crucial for understanding and controlling their dynamics. Traditional centrality measures often fall short in capturing the multifaceted roles of nodes within these networks. The Page Rank algorithm, widely recognized for ranking web pages, offers a more nuanced approach by considering the importance of connected nodes. However, existing methods generally overlook the geometric properties of networks, which can provide additional insights into their structure and functionality. In this paper, we propose a novel method named Curv-Page Rank(C-PR), which integrates network curvature and Page Rank to identify influential nodes in complex networks. By leveraging the geometric insights provided by curvature alongside structural properties, C-PR offers a more comprehensive measure of a node's influence. Our approach is particularly effective in networks with community structures, where it excels at pinpointing bridge nodes critical for maintaining connectivity and facilitating information flow. We validate the effectiveness of C-PR through extensive experiments. The results demonstrate that C-PR outperforms traditional centrality-based and Page Rank methods in identifying critical nodes. Our findings offer fresh insights into the structural importance of nodes across diverse network configurations, highlighting the potential of incorporating geometric properties into network analysis.展开更多
Objective:The neglect of occult lymph nodes metastasis(OLNM)is one of the pivotal causes of early non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)recurrence after local treatments such as stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)or surge...Objective:The neglect of occult lymph nodes metastasis(OLNM)is one of the pivotal causes of early non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)recurrence after local treatments such as stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)or surgery.This study aimed to develop and validate a computed tomography(CT)-based radiomics and deep learning(DL)fusion model for predicting non-invasive OLNM.Methods:Patients with radiologically node-negative lung adenocarcinoma from two centers were retrospectively analyzed.We developed clinical,radiomics,and radiomics-clinical models using logistic regression.A DL model was established using a three-dimensional squeeze-and-excitation residual network-34(3D SE-ResNet34)and a fusion model was created by integrating seleted clinical,radiomics features and DL features.Model performance was assessed using the area under the curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration curves,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Five predictive models were compared;SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping(Grad-CAM)were employed for visualization and interpretation.Results:Overall,358 patients were included:186 in the training cohort,48 in the internal validation cohort,and 124 in the external testing cohort.The DL fusion model incorporating 3D SE-Resnet34 achieved the highest AUC of 0.947 in the training dataset,with strong performance in internal and external cohorts(AUCs of 0.903 and 0.907,respectively),outperforming single-modal DL models,clinical models,radiomics models,and radiomicsclinical combined models(DeLong test:P<0.05).DCA confirmed its clinical utility,and calibration curves demonstrated excellent agreement between predicted and observed OLNM probabilities.Features interpretation highlighted the importance of textural characteristics and the surrounding tumor regions in stratifying OLNM risk.Conclusions:The DL fusion model reliably and accurately predicts OLNM in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma,offering a non-invasive tool to refine staging and guide personalized treatment decisions.These results may aid clinicians in optimizing surgical and radiotherapy strategies.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)represents a significant global health burden due to its high morbidity and mortality.Specific behaviors of GC sub-types,distinct dissem-ination patterns,and associated risk-factors remain poorly und...Gastric cancer(GC)represents a significant global health burden due to its high morbidity and mortality.Specific behaviors of GC sub-types,distinct dissem-ination patterns,and associated risk-factors remain poorly understood.This editorial highlights several key prognostic factors,including pathological staging and vascular invasion,that impact GC.It examines a recent study’s investigation of differential metastatic lymph nodes distribution and survival in upper and lower GC sub-types,focusing on histological characterization,pathophysiology,usage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and additional predictive determinants.We assess the statistical robustness and clinical applicability of the findings,un-derscoring the importance of treating GC as a heterogeneous disease and em-phasizing how tailored surgical approaches informed by lymph node distribution can optimize tumor detection while minimizing unnecessary interventions.The study’s large cohort,multi-center design,and strict inclusion criteria strengthen its validity in guiding surgical planning and risk-stratification.However,inte-grating genetic and molecular data is critical for refining models and broadening applicability.Additionally,recurrence-metrics and infection-related factors,such as Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus,absent in the original study,remain vital for directing future research.By bridging metastatic patterns with pros-pective methodologies and inclusion of diverse populations,this editorial pro-vides a framework for advancing early detection and personalized GC care.展开更多
Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remains a cornerstone in the management of breast cancer, as it provides an accurate staging of the disease while minimizing the morbidity associated with complete axillary...Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remains a cornerstone in the management of breast cancer, as it provides an accurate staging of the disease while minimizing the morbidity associated with complete axillary lymph node dissection. Advances in SLN detection have been very important in refining surgical techniques and improving patient outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in detecting the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Specifically, we analyzed the detection rate, accuracy, and safety profile of the techniques to outline the most reliable and clinically available. A comprehensive review was conducted, searching key databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, for studies published between 2010 and 2024. The review focused on studies that compared the performance of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. A total of 54 studies were included based on specific inclusion criteria. Results: Radiocolloids showed high detection rates in studies. Blue dyes have comparable results, but a small percentage of allergic reactions has been observed. Fluorescent tracers such as indocyanine green have improved visualization and accuracy, but their use requires specialized equipment and expertise. Combining radiocolloids with blue dyes or fluorescent tracers has improved detection rates in several studies. Cost and accessibility challenges have also been pointed out, particularly in low-resource settings. Conclusions: Radiocolloids have attained the status of gold standard in the detection of SLNs in breast cancer for their reliability and accuracy. While combined use with other tracers, like blue dyes or fluorescent agents, enhances overall detection performance, making it more holistic. As expected, further innovation and effort are required to improve accessibility and optimize the technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy worldwide.展开更多
The article by Yuan et al accessed the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of the patterns of lymph node(LN)metastasis in upper and lower gastric cancer(GC).In this article,we will analyze both the strengths...The article by Yuan et al accessed the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of the patterns of lymph node(LN)metastasis in upper and lower gastric cancer(GC).In this article,we will analyze both the strengths and limitations of this paper.The study’s methodology seems appropriate and proper statistical analyses were applied to identify significant variables.The authors applied the Cox regression model to identify independent risk factors and Kaplan-Meier survival curves to assess prognosis.The researchers found notable differences in cli-nicopathologic variables between patients with upper and lower GC.Addi-tionally,they identified specific LN stations more prone to metastasis in different Siewert classifications of GC.Despite the study’s detailed analysis,it would have been beneficial to explore whether there were survival differences among upper GC patients based on the Siewert classification.Furthermore,the study should have addressed potential confounding factors that might have influenced the results.A more comprehensive analysis could have been achieved by comparing survival outcomes based on LN metastasis patterns.Overall,this article is relevant and provides valuable insights into the significance of LN metastasis patterns in upper GC patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lymph node status is a critical prognostic factor in gastric cancer(GC),but stage migration may occur in pathological lymph nodes(pN)staging.To address this,alternative staging systems such as the positive ...BACKGROUND Lymph node status is a critical prognostic factor in gastric cancer(GC),but stage migration may occur in pathological lymph nodes(pN)staging.To address this,alternative staging systems such as the positive lymph node ratio(LNR)and log odds of positive lymph nodes(LODDS)were introduced.AIM To assess the prognostic accuracy and stratification efficacy of three nodal staging systems in GC.METHODS A systematic review identified 12 studies,from which hazard ratios(HRs)for overall survival(OS)were summarized.Sensitivity analyses,subgroup analyses,publication bias assessments,and quality evaluations were conducted.To enhance comparability,data from studies with identical cutoff values for pN,LNR,and LODDS were pooled.Homogeneous stratification was then applied to generate Kaplan-Meier(KM)survival curves,assessing the stratification efficacy of three staging systems.RESULTS The HRs and 95%confidence intervals for pN,LNR,and LODDS were 2.16(1.72-2.73),2.05(1.65-2.55),and 3.15(2.15-4.37),respectively,confirming all three as independent prognostic risk factors for OS.Comparative analysis of HRs demonstrated that LODDS had superior prognostic predictive power over LNR and pN.KM curves for pN(N0,N1,N2,N3a,N3b),LNR(0.1/0.2/0.5),and LODDS(-1.5/-1.0/-0.5/0)revealed significant differences(P<0.001)among all prognostic stratifications.Mean differences and standard deviations in 60-month relative survival were 27.93%±0.29%,41.70%±0.30%,and 26.60%±0.28%for pN,LNR,and LODDS,respectively.CONCLUSION All three staging systems are independent prognostic factors for OS.LODDS demonstrated the highest specificity,making it especially useful for predicting outcomes,while pN was the most effective in homogeneous stratification,offering better patient differentiation.These findings highlight the complementary roles of LODDS and pN in enhancing prognostic accuracy and stratification.展开更多
Objective Almost 15%of prostate cancer(PCa)patients were found to have lymph node metastases(LNMs),which are associated with higher risk of biochemical recurrence.Using indocyanine green(ICG)for the sentinel node biop...Objective Almost 15%of prostate cancer(PCa)patients were found to have lymph node metastases(LNMs),which are associated with higher risk of biochemical recurrence.Using indocyanine green(ICG)for the sentinel node biopsy(SNB)before surgery was proposed to detect LNMs in PCa patients.However,its diagnostic performance still remains controversial.This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of ICG for the SNB in PCa.Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis has been reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database,and the register number is CRD42023421911.Four bibliographic databases were searched,i.e.,PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science,to retrieve articles studying the diagnostic performance of ICG for the SNB in PCa from the inception to Sep 9,2023.We calculated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,likelihood ratios,diagnostic odds ratios and their 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were also conducted.Results A total of 17 articles from databases are enrolled in this study.Using lymph node-based data,our results showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of applying ICG alone in PCa were 71%(95%CI 52%–85%)and 68%(95%CI 64%–72%),respectively.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of applying ICG-technetium-99m-nanocolloid in PCa were 49%(95%CI 39%–59%)and 69%(95%CI 67%–71%),respectively.展开更多
基金Funded by Department of Education of Zhejiang Province (No.Y201119307)
文摘The follow-up application of underwater wireless sensor network is influenced by accuracy of self-localization of nodes. The self-localization of nodes is discussed in this paper. First of all, nodes of underwater wireless sensor network are classified into several levels according to the accuracy of position of nodes and the levels are from the first to the fifth in accordance with accuracy of nodes from high to low respectively. Secondly, the level of anchor nodes can be known by those unknown nodes from the information given by the anchor nodes themselves, At the same time the unknown nodes are able to be located in the area controlled by the first level of anchor nodes that are as the aggregation. Then the positioning algorithm is designed correspondingly in accordance with the accuracy level of nodes. Finally, the positioning algorithm is simulated and analyzed. The result shows that the unknown nodes can be located effectively by hierarchical control.
基金Supported by Chongqing Medical Scientific Research Project(Joint Project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau),No.2023MSXM060.
文摘BACKGROUND The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis(LNM)is crucial for managing locally advanced(T3/T4)colorectal cancer(CRC).However,both traditional histopathology and standard slide-level deep learning often fail to capture the sparse and diagnostically critical features of metastatic potential.AIM To develop and validate a case-level multiple-instance learning(MIL)framework mimicking a pathologist's comprehensive review and improve T3/T4 CRC LNM prediction.METHODS The whole-slide images of 130 patients with T3/T4 CRC were retrospectively collected.A case-level MIL framework utilising the CONCH v1.5 and UNI2-h deep learning models was trained on features from all haematoxylin and eosinstained primary tumour slides for each patient.These pathological features were subsequently integrated with clinical data,and model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS The case-level framework demonstrated superior LNM prediction over slide-level training,with the CONCH v1.5 model achieving a mean AUC(±SD)of 0.899±0.033 vs 0.814±0.083,respectively.Integrating pathology features with clinical data further enhanced performance,yielding a top model with a mean AUC of 0.904±0.047,in sharp contrast to a clinical-only model(mean AUC 0.584±0.084).Crucially,a pathologist’s review confirmed that the model-identified high-attention regions correspond to known high-risk histopathological features.CONCLUSION A case-level MIL framework provides a superior approach for predicting LNM in advanced CRC.This method shows promise for risk stratification and therapy decisions,requiring further validation.
文摘BACKGROUND Early screening,preoperative staging,and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis are crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC).AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of combined multidetector computed tomography(MDCT)and gastrointestinal endoscopy for GC screening,preoperative staging,and lymph node metastasis detection,thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS In this retrospective study clinical and imaging data of 134 patients with suspected GC who were admitted between January 2023 and October 2024 were initially reviewed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,102 patients were finally enrolled in the analysis.All enrolled patients had undergone both MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy examinations prior to surgical intervention.Preoperative clinical staging and lymph node metastasis findings were compared with pathological results.RESULTS The combined use of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.53%,specificity of 97.06%,accuracy of 98.04%,positive predictive value of 98.53%,and negative predictive value of 97.06%for diagnosing GC.These factors were all significantly higher than those of MDCT or endoscopy alone(P<0.05).The accuracy rates of the combined approach for detecting clinical T and N stages were 97.06%and 92.65%,respectively,outperforming MDCT alone(86.76% and 79.41%)and endoscopy alone(85.29% and 70.59%)(P<0.05).Among 68 patients with confirmed GC,50(73.53%)were pathologically diagnosed with lymph node metastasis.The accuracy for detecting lymph node metastasis was 66.00%with endoscopy,76.00%with MDCT,and 92.00% with the combined approach,all with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combined application of MDCT and gastrointestinal endoscopy enhanced diagnostic accuracy for GC,provided greater consistency in preoperative staging,and improved the detection of lymph node metastasis,thereby demonstrating significant clinical utility.
基金Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20123718120007)
文摘Self-localization is a fundamental requirement for the mobile robot. Robot usually contains a large number of dif- ferent sensors, which provide the information of robot localization, and all the sensor information should be considered for the optimal location. Kalman filter is efficient to realize the information fusion. Used as an efficient sensor fusion algorithm, Kalman filter is an advanced filtering technique which can reduce errors of the position and orientation of the sensors. Kalman filter has been paied much attention to robot automation and solutions to solve uncertainties such as robot localization, navigation, following, tracking, motion control, estimation and prediction. The paper briefly describes Kalman filter theory, and establishes a simple mathematical model based on muti-sensor mobile robot. Meanwhile, Kalman filter is used in robot self-localization by simulations, and it is demonstrated by simulations that Kalman filter is effective.
文摘Many applications of wireless sensor networks can benefit from fine-grained localization. In this paper, we proposed an accurate, distributed localization method based on the time difference between radio signal and sound wave. In a trilateration, each node adaptively chooses a neighborhood of sensors and updates its position estimate with trilateration, and then passes this update to neighboring sensors. Application examples demonstrate that the proposed method is more robust and accurate in localizing node than the previous proposals and it can achieve comparable results using much fewer anchor nodes than the previous methods.
文摘When a group of mobile agents track a target,they can locate themselves and the target in a cooperative manner.To maximize the group advantage,a parallel integration strategy of cooperative target-localization(CTL)and cooperative self-localization(CSL)is designed.Firstly,a global cost function containing the agents’positions and the target’s position is established.Secondly,along with the agents’positions being re-estimated during CTL,the Utransform is employed to propagate the error covariance of the position estimations among the agents.The simulation results show that,the proposal exploits more information for locating the target and the agents than the cases where CTL and CSL run separately,and the global optimal position estimations of the agents and the target are obtained.
文摘This paper develops a new algorithm for sensor network self-localization, which is an enhanced version of the existing Crocco’s method in [11]. The algorithm explores the noisy time of flight (TOF) measurements that quantify the distances between sensor nodes to be localized and sources also at unknown positions. The newly proposed technique first obtains rough estimates of the sensor node and source positions, and then it refines the estimates via a least squares estimator (LSE). The LSE takes into account the geometrical constraints introduced by the desired global coordinate system to improve performance. Simulations show that the new technique offers superior localization accuracy over the original Crocco’s algorithm under small measurement noise condition.
文摘Self-localization is one of the most important aspects for using mobile robots in unstructured environments. In this paper, the authors introduce a new approach for a self-localization and navigation unit for mobile platforms in extraterrestrial environments, based on the authors＂ successful results in self-localization of forestry machines on earth. The presented approach is developed from a highly modular concept, which allows a simple but efficient adaption to specific applications by just substituting some scenario dependent components. In this paper, the authors will explain the general concept and the terrestrial implementation so far. On this basis, the authors will demonstrate and discuss the necessary adaptions to the general concept in order to handle the different conditions on extraterrestrial surfaces.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81672638 and W2421095)National Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024LMB011)Collaborative Academic Innovation Project of Shandong Cancer Hospital(Grant No.GF003)。
文摘The principal breast cancer treatment approach has long been surgical removal of the primary breast lesions and regional lymph nodes,particularly the axillary lymph nodes.However,the advent of minimally invasive diagnostic techniques,such as sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB),has markedly diminished the extent of surgery required for regional lymph nodes.
文摘BACKGROUND One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is that it metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes frequently with a high degree of local invasiveness.A primary feature of malignant tumors is their penetration of neighboring tissues,such as lymphatic and blood arteries,due to the tumor cells'capacity to break down the extracellular matrix(ECM).Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)constitute a family of proteolytic enzymes that facilitate tissue remodeling and the degradation of the ECM.MMP-9 and MMP-13 belong to the group of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and their expression has been studied in OSCC because of their specific functions.MMP-13,a collagenase family member,is thought to play an essential role in the MMP activation cascade by breaking down the fibrillar collagens,whereas MMP-9 is thought to accelerate the growth of tumors.Elevated MMP-13 expression has been associated with tumor behavior and patient prognosis in a number of malignant cases.AIM To assess the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in OSCC.METHODS A total of 40 cases with histologically confirmed OSCC by incisional biopsy were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study.The protocols for both MMP-9 and MMP-13 immunohistochemical staining were performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations along with the normal gingival epithelium as a positive control.All the observations were recorded and Pearson’sχ²test with Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Our study showed no significant correlation between MMP-9 and MMP-13 staining intensity and tumor size.The majority of the patients were in advanced TNM stages(III and IV),and showed intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13.CONCLUSION The present study suggests that both MMP-9 and MMP-13 play an important and independent role in OSCC progression and invasiveness.Intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13,irrespective of histological grade of OSCC,correlates well with TNM stage.Consequently,it is evident that MMP-9 and MMP-13 are important for the invasiveness and progression of tumors.The findings may facilitate the development of new approaches for evaluating lymph node metastases and interventional therapy techniques,hence enhancing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with OSCC.
基金Project partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61672298 and 62373197)the Major Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province,China (Grant No. 2018SJZDI142)the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China (Grant No. KYCX23 1045)。
文摘Identifying key nodes in complex networks is crucial for understanding and controlling their dynamics. Traditional centrality measures often fall short in capturing the multifaceted roles of nodes within these networks. The Page Rank algorithm, widely recognized for ranking web pages, offers a more nuanced approach by considering the importance of connected nodes. However, existing methods generally overlook the geometric properties of networks, which can provide additional insights into their structure and functionality. In this paper, we propose a novel method named Curv-Page Rank(C-PR), which integrates network curvature and Page Rank to identify influential nodes in complex networks. By leveraging the geometric insights provided by curvature alongside structural properties, C-PR offers a more comprehensive measure of a node's influence. Our approach is particularly effective in networks with community structures, where it excels at pinpointing bridge nodes critical for maintaining connectivity and facilitating information flow. We validate the effectiveness of C-PR through extensive experiments. The results demonstrate that C-PR outperforms traditional centrality-based and Page Rank methods in identifying critical nodes. Our findings offer fresh insights into the structural importance of nodes across diverse network configurations, highlighting the potential of incorporating geometric properties into network analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82272845)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(No.ZR2023ZD26).
文摘Objective:The neglect of occult lymph nodes metastasis(OLNM)is one of the pivotal causes of early non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)recurrence after local treatments such as stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)or surgery.This study aimed to develop and validate a computed tomography(CT)-based radiomics and deep learning(DL)fusion model for predicting non-invasive OLNM.Methods:Patients with radiologically node-negative lung adenocarcinoma from two centers were retrospectively analyzed.We developed clinical,radiomics,and radiomics-clinical models using logistic regression.A DL model was established using a three-dimensional squeeze-and-excitation residual network-34(3D SE-ResNet34)and a fusion model was created by integrating seleted clinical,radiomics features and DL features.Model performance was assessed using the area under the curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,calibration curves,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Five predictive models were compared;SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping(Grad-CAM)were employed for visualization and interpretation.Results:Overall,358 patients were included:186 in the training cohort,48 in the internal validation cohort,and 124 in the external testing cohort.The DL fusion model incorporating 3D SE-Resnet34 achieved the highest AUC of 0.947 in the training dataset,with strong performance in internal and external cohorts(AUCs of 0.903 and 0.907,respectively),outperforming single-modal DL models,clinical models,radiomics models,and radiomicsclinical combined models(DeLong test:P<0.05).DCA confirmed its clinical utility,and calibration curves demonstrated excellent agreement between predicted and observed OLNM probabilities.Features interpretation highlighted the importance of textural characteristics and the surrounding tumor regions in stratifying OLNM risk.Conclusions:The DL fusion model reliably and accurately predicts OLNM in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma,offering a non-invasive tool to refine staging and guide personalized treatment decisions.These results may aid clinicians in optimizing surgical and radiotherapy strategies.
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)represents a significant global health burden due to its high morbidity and mortality.Specific behaviors of GC sub-types,distinct dissem-ination patterns,and associated risk-factors remain poorly understood.This editorial highlights several key prognostic factors,including pathological staging and vascular invasion,that impact GC.It examines a recent study’s investigation of differential metastatic lymph nodes distribution and survival in upper and lower GC sub-types,focusing on histological characterization,pathophysiology,usage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and additional predictive determinants.We assess the statistical robustness and clinical applicability of the findings,un-derscoring the importance of treating GC as a heterogeneous disease and em-phasizing how tailored surgical approaches informed by lymph node distribution can optimize tumor detection while minimizing unnecessary interventions.The study’s large cohort,multi-center design,and strict inclusion criteria strengthen its validity in guiding surgical planning and risk-stratification.However,inte-grating genetic and molecular data is critical for refining models and broadening applicability.Additionally,recurrence-metrics and infection-related factors,such as Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus,absent in the original study,remain vital for directing future research.By bridging metastatic patterns with pros-pective methodologies and inclusion of diverse populations,this editorial pro-vides a framework for advancing early detection and personalized GC care.
文摘Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remains a cornerstone in the management of breast cancer, as it provides an accurate staging of the disease while minimizing the morbidity associated with complete axillary lymph node dissection. Advances in SLN detection have been very important in refining surgical techniques and improving patient outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in detecting the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Specifically, we analyzed the detection rate, accuracy, and safety profile of the techniques to outline the most reliable and clinically available. A comprehensive review was conducted, searching key databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, for studies published between 2010 and 2024. The review focused on studies that compared the performance of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. A total of 54 studies were included based on specific inclusion criteria. Results: Radiocolloids showed high detection rates in studies. Blue dyes have comparable results, but a small percentage of allergic reactions has been observed. Fluorescent tracers such as indocyanine green have improved visualization and accuracy, but their use requires specialized equipment and expertise. Combining radiocolloids with blue dyes or fluorescent tracers has improved detection rates in several studies. Cost and accessibility challenges have also been pointed out, particularly in low-resource settings. Conclusions: Radiocolloids have attained the status of gold standard in the detection of SLNs in breast cancer for their reliability and accuracy. While combined use with other tracers, like blue dyes or fluorescent agents, enhances overall detection performance, making it more holistic. As expected, further innovation and effort are required to improve accessibility and optimize the technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy worldwide.
文摘The article by Yuan et al accessed the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of the patterns of lymph node(LN)metastasis in upper and lower gastric cancer(GC).In this article,we will analyze both the strengths and limitations of this paper.The study’s methodology seems appropriate and proper statistical analyses were applied to identify significant variables.The authors applied the Cox regression model to identify independent risk factors and Kaplan-Meier survival curves to assess prognosis.The researchers found notable differences in cli-nicopathologic variables between patients with upper and lower GC.Addi-tionally,they identified specific LN stations more prone to metastasis in different Siewert classifications of GC.Despite the study’s detailed analysis,it would have been beneficial to explore whether there were survival differences among upper GC patients based on the Siewert classification.Furthermore,the study should have addressed potential confounding factors that might have influenced the results.A more comprehensive analysis could have been achieved by comparing survival outcomes based on LN metastasis patterns.Overall,this article is relevant and provides valuable insights into the significance of LN metastasis patterns in upper GC patients.
基金the Clinical Medical Team Introduction Program of Suzhou,No.SZYJTD201804.
文摘BACKGROUND Lymph node status is a critical prognostic factor in gastric cancer(GC),but stage migration may occur in pathological lymph nodes(pN)staging.To address this,alternative staging systems such as the positive lymph node ratio(LNR)and log odds of positive lymph nodes(LODDS)were introduced.AIM To assess the prognostic accuracy and stratification efficacy of three nodal staging systems in GC.METHODS A systematic review identified 12 studies,from which hazard ratios(HRs)for overall survival(OS)were summarized.Sensitivity analyses,subgroup analyses,publication bias assessments,and quality evaluations were conducted.To enhance comparability,data from studies with identical cutoff values for pN,LNR,and LODDS were pooled.Homogeneous stratification was then applied to generate Kaplan-Meier(KM)survival curves,assessing the stratification efficacy of three staging systems.RESULTS The HRs and 95%confidence intervals for pN,LNR,and LODDS were 2.16(1.72-2.73),2.05(1.65-2.55),and 3.15(2.15-4.37),respectively,confirming all three as independent prognostic risk factors for OS.Comparative analysis of HRs demonstrated that LODDS had superior prognostic predictive power over LNR and pN.KM curves for pN(N0,N1,N2,N3a,N3b),LNR(0.1/0.2/0.5),and LODDS(-1.5/-1.0/-0.5/0)revealed significant differences(P<0.001)among all prognostic stratifications.Mean differences and standard deviations in 60-month relative survival were 27.93%±0.29%,41.70%±0.30%,and 26.60%±0.28%for pN,LNR,and LODDS,respectively.CONCLUSION All three staging systems are independent prognostic factors for OS.LODDS demonstrated the highest specificity,making it especially useful for predicting outcomes,while pN was the most effective in homogeneous stratification,offering better patient differentiation.These findings highlight the complementary roles of LODDS and pN in enhancing prognostic accuracy and stratification.
文摘Objective Almost 15%of prostate cancer(PCa)patients were found to have lymph node metastases(LNMs),which are associated with higher risk of biochemical recurrence.Using indocyanine green(ICG)for the sentinel node biopsy(SNB)before surgery was proposed to detect LNMs in PCa patients.However,its diagnostic performance still remains controversial.This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of ICG for the SNB in PCa.Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis has been reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database,and the register number is CRD42023421911.Four bibliographic databases were searched,i.e.,PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science,to retrieve articles studying the diagnostic performance of ICG for the SNB in PCa from the inception to Sep 9,2023.We calculated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,likelihood ratios,diagnostic odds ratios and their 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were also conducted.Results A total of 17 articles from databases are enrolled in this study.Using lymph node-based data,our results showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of applying ICG alone in PCa were 71%(95%CI 52%–85%)and 68%(95%CI 64%–72%),respectively.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of applying ICG-technetium-99m-nanocolloid in PCa were 49%(95%CI 39%–59%)and 69%(95%CI 67%–71%),respectively.
