A boundary-type meshless method called the scaled boundary node method （SBNM） is developed to directly evaluate mixed mode stress intensity factors （SIFs） without extra post-processing. The SBNM combines the scale...A boundary-type meshless method called the scaled boundary node method （SBNM） is developed to directly evaluate mixed mode stress intensity factors （SIFs） without extra post-processing. The SBNM combines the scaled boundary equations with the moving Kriging （MK） interpolation to retain the dimensionality advantage of the former and the meshless attribute of the latter. As a result, the SBNM requires only a set of scattered nodes on the boundary, and the displacement field is approximated by using the MK interpolation technique, which possesses the 5 function property. This makes the developed method efficient and straightforward in imposing the essential boundary conditions, and no special treatment techniques are required. Besides, the SBNM works by weakening the governing differential equations in the circumferential direction and then solving the weakened equations analytically in the radial direction. Therefore, the SBNM permits an accurate representation of the singularities in the radial direction when the scaling center is located at the crack tip. Numerical examples using the SBNM for computing the SIFs are presented. Good agreements with available results in the literature are obtained.展开更多
跨界保护区网络是生物多样性保护网络的一种特殊形式,对保护国家或地区边界线附近丰富的生物多样性具有重要意义。构建跨界保护区网络已被列为《生物多样性公约》(Convention on Biological Diversity)框架下"保护区工作组"...跨界保护区网络是生物多样性保护网络的一种特殊形式,对保护国家或地区边界线附近丰富的生物多样性具有重要意义。构建跨界保护区网络已被列为《生物多样性公约》(Convention on Biological Diversity)框架下"保护区工作组"的一项战略任务,涉及生态、环境、经济、政治等多个领域,成为全球保护区研究领域的热点问题之一。然而,目前我国对跨界保护区的研究尚处于起步阶段,在如何构建不同尺度的跨界保护区网络等方面的研究仍有待进一步加强。在分析了全球、洲际、两个或多个国家和地区之间等不同尺度跨界保护区网络研究的基础上,综述了国内外基于"节点"-"廊道"模式的跨界保护区网络构建研究进展,并结合我国跨界保护区网络建设的实际情况,对我国未来跨界保护区网络构建研究进行了展望。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11002054)
文摘A boundary-type meshless method called the scaled boundary node method （SBNM） is developed to directly evaluate mixed mode stress intensity factors （SIFs） without extra post-processing. The SBNM combines the scaled boundary equations with the moving Kriging （MK） interpolation to retain the dimensionality advantage of the former and the meshless attribute of the latter. As a result, the SBNM requires only a set of scattered nodes on the boundary, and the displacement field is approximated by using the MK interpolation technique, which possesses the 5 function property. This makes the developed method efficient and straightforward in imposing the essential boundary conditions, and no special treatment techniques are required. Besides, the SBNM works by weakening the governing differential equations in the circumferential direction and then solving the weakened equations analytically in the radial direction. Therefore, the SBNM permits an accurate representation of the singularities in the radial direction when the scaling center is located at the crack tip. Numerical examples using the SBNM for computing the SIFs are presented. Good agreements with available results in the literature are obtained.
文摘智慧城市中使用导航系统的车辆在逐渐增加。为了避免中出现密集规划而导致的某些道路负载过高而拥堵的情况,大规模路径规划近来成为了研究热点。从含有宏观连续模型中Lighthill-Whitham-Richards(LWR)模型的宏观基本图(Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram,MFD)推导得出,在城市路网环境中,使用道路负载率作为优化对象的大规模路径规划具有相较其它方案最低的时间成本。因此以LWR作为理论基础,设计负载均衡路径规划算法(Load Balancing Algorithm,LBA)。该算法以边的负载率作为评价指标,为单源查询批次Q中的每个查询找到一个最短路树。LBA构造超源节点将多源问题转化为单源问题。LBA使用网络扩张方法为可能出现的超负荷运转情况确定无拥堵路径,并使用Rtree索引的路网任意两点间最短路缓存加快算法运行速度。实验得出,与最先进算法相比在全局通行时延中减少了5.33%,CPU时间减少了54.58%。LBA在大规模路径规划场景中显著具有优越性。
文摘跨界保护区网络是生物多样性保护网络的一种特殊形式,对保护国家或地区边界线附近丰富的生物多样性具有重要意义。构建跨界保护区网络已被列为《生物多样性公约》(Convention on Biological Diversity)框架下"保护区工作组"的一项战略任务,涉及生态、环境、经济、政治等多个领域,成为全球保护区研究领域的热点问题之一。然而,目前我国对跨界保护区的研究尚处于起步阶段,在如何构建不同尺度的跨界保护区网络等方面的研究仍有待进一步加强。在分析了全球、洲际、两个或多个国家和地区之间等不同尺度跨界保护区网络研究的基础上,综述了国内外基于"节点"-"廊道"模式的跨界保护区网络构建研究进展,并结合我国跨界保护区网络建设的实际情况,对我国未来跨界保护区网络构建研究进行了展望。
