Classically Alzheimer＇s disease and vascular dementia have been considered as two different entities, with their own clinical criteria, but relatively recent epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest an...Classically Alzheimer＇s disease and vascular dementia have been considered as two different entities, with their own clinical criteria, but relatively recent epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest an overlap between them sharing not only most of the risk factors and some clinical aspects but also pathophysiological mechanisms. Cerebrovascular lesions, especially small vessel disease （lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities and microbleeds）, may magnify the effects of mild Alzheimer＇s disease pathology and promote the progression of cognitive decline and may also be a precursor of neuronal damage and dementia. ＂Vascular hypothesis＂ of Alzheimer＇s disease would open a window for new approaches and treatments.展开更多
The dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(dmPFC and dlPFC)are key hubs of cognitive control and decision-making,with the dmPFC implicated in response conflict detection and the dlPFC in behavioral adjustment[...The dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(dmPFC and dlPFC)are key hubs of cognitive control and decision-making,with the dmPFC implicated in response conflict detection and the dlPFC in behavioral adjustment[1,2].These regions share a posterior-to-anterior connectivity gradient and exhibit functional segregation along a medial–lateral axis[3].While neuroimaging studies have extensively explored these functional topographies in adults,the prefrontal cortex is among the last brain regions to mature[4],with synaptic pruning,gray matter reduction,and white matter augmentation continuing into adulthood[5].However,the timeline and factors driving the developmental separation of the dmPFC from the dlPFC remain unclear.展开更多
Processing emotional and social information are two closely related and evolutionarily conserved fundamental domains that promote survival and health across species[1].However,extensive human neuroimaging studies have...Processing emotional and social information are two closely related and evolutionarily conserved fundamental domains that promote survival and health across species[1].However,extensive human neuroimaging studies have yielded inconsistent findings.For instance,the amygdala,a key brain region engaged in social-affective cognition,often lacks differential“activation”during the“emotional vs.neutral faces”contrast[2],[3].展开更多
文摘Classically Alzheimer＇s disease and vascular dementia have been considered as two different entities, with their own clinical criteria, but relatively recent epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest an overlap between them sharing not only most of the risk factors and some clinical aspects but also pathophysiological mechanisms. Cerebrovascular lesions, especially small vessel disease （lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities and microbleeds）, may magnify the effects of mild Alzheimer＇s disease pathology and promote the progression of cognitive decline and may also be a precursor of neuronal damage and dementia. ＂Vascular hypothesis＂ of Alzheimer＇s disease would open a window for new approaches and treatments.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Project of China(2021ZD0200200)the Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(ANSO-CR-KP-2022-10)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62403465,62327805,82072099,and 82202253).
文摘The dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(dmPFC and dlPFC)are key hubs of cognitive control and decision-making,with the dmPFC implicated in response conflict detection and the dlPFC in behavioral adjustment[1,2].These regions share a posterior-to-anterior connectivity gradient and exhibit functional segregation along a medial–lateral axis[3].While neuroimaging studies have extensively explored these functional topographies in adults,the prefrontal cortex is among the last brain regions to mature[4],with synaptic pruning,gray matter reduction,and white matter augmentation continuing into adulthood[5].However,the timeline and factors driving the developmental separation of the dmPFC from the dlPFC remain unclear.
文摘Processing emotional and social information are two closely related and evolutionarily conserved fundamental domains that promote survival and health across species[1].However,extensive human neuroimaging studies have yielded inconsistent findings.For instance,the amygdala,a key brain region engaged in social-affective cognition,often lacks differential“activation”during the“emotional vs.neutral faces”contrast[2],[3].
