The advent of the Age of Information brings about bright prospects to Network-based Language Learning(NBLL).The thesis adopts the Engagement Theory as guided principles.The purpose is to use the novel NBLL model effec...The advent of the Age of Information brings about bright prospects to Network-based Language Learning(NBLL).The thesis adopts the Engagement Theory as guided principles.The purpose is to use the novel NBLL model effectively with the help of modern technology especially in less-developed areas.This thesis focuses on network-based experimental study.The research shows that the students under NBLL environment have cultivated the capabilities in information collection,computer operation,and information evaluation,as well as the abilities in problem solving,reasoning with criticism,and cooperating with others.展开更多
This paper described a distance learning system, which allows Internet users to conduct a lesson in real time from any kinds attached computers. Participants can jointly view and edit relevant multimedia informatio...This paper described a distance learning system, which allows Internet users to conduct a lesson in real time from any kinds attached computers. Participants can jointly view and edit relevant multimedia information distributed through Internet. Teachers and students can also simultaneously communicate by voice and text to discuss the problems. Teacher can broadcast streaming PowerPoint presentation in real time to network users. In addition to sliders, presenters can broadcast video and audio simultaneously to deliver a live multimedia show online, and store their presentations for on demand playback. Teachers distributed in different places can also use cooperative editing tool to edit and encode existing digital content. We discussed some important design principles of the system. Then, the system configuration and the results of evaluation are also presented. The system has proved to be applicable to the distance learning based on CSCW (Computer Support Cooperative Work) in Internet.展开更多
The trend of distance learning education has increased year by year because of the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies. Distance learning system can be regarded as one of ubiquitous computi...The trend of distance learning education has increased year by year because of the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies. Distance learning system can be regarded as one of ubiquitous computing applications since the learners can study anywhere even in mobile environments. However, the instructor cannot know if the learners comprehend the lecture or not since each learner is physically isolated. Therefore, a framework which detects the learners’ concentration condition is required. If a distance learning system obtains the information that many learners are not concentrated on the class due to the incomprehensible lecture style, the instructor can perceive it through the system and change the presentation strategy. This is a context-aware technology which is widely used for ubiquitous computing services. In this paper, an efficient distance learning system, which accurately detects learners’ concentration condition during a class, is proposed. The proposed system uses multiple biological information which are learners’ eye movement metrics, i.e. fixation counts, fixation rate, fixation duration and average saccade length obtained by an eye tracking system. The learners’ concentration condition is classified by using machine learning techniques. The proposed system has performed the detection accuracy of 90.7% when Multilayer Perceptron is used as a classifier. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed eye metrics has been confirmed. Furthermore, it has been clarified that the fixation duration is the most important eye metric among the four metrics based on the investigation of evaluation experiment.展开更多
There is an increasing demand for supporting high-quality real-time audiovisual services for the next generation wired and wireless networks. However, due to variety of bandwidths of different networks, it is a great ...There is an increasing demand for supporting high-quality real-time audiovisual services for the next generation wired and wireless networks. However, due to variety of bandwidths of different networks, it is a great challenge for deployment. In this paper, a novel high-definition (HD) video transmission system was proposed which depends upon reliable compound multicast protocols and QoS control over the various kinds of networks. This system detects client's network condition and assigns it to a proper proxy. Each proxy is capable of detecting network parameters and adaptively tuning such transport parameters as bit rate, video resolution, frame rate and QoS mechanisms to this condition. It also provides FEC error recovery under consideration of characteristics of MPEG4 video codec. Our simulation demonstrates that different network clients such as ADSL, CERNET, and CERNET2 can receive more video reliability with less delay.展开更多
Achieving effective interaction can the students get good learning results,and enhance the quality of distance learning.The paper firstly analyzes the research on distance learning support services and the problems of...Achieving effective interaction can the students get good learning results,and enhance the quality of distance learning.The paper firstly analyzes the research on distance learning support services and the problems of distance learning interaction in order to clarify the significance of implementing effective interaction.Then it puts forward the learning support services strategies based on effective interaction,which means to promote distance learning interaction and enhance the students'self-learning ability.展开更多
There have been numerous attempts recently to promote technology based education (Shrestha, 1997) in the poorer third world countries, but so far all these have not provided a sustainable solution as they are either c...There have been numerous attempts recently to promote technology based education (Shrestha, 1997) in the poorer third world countries, but so far all these have not provided a sustainable solution as they are either centered and controlled from abroad and relying solely on foreign donors for their sustenance or they are not web-based, which make distribution problematic, and some are not affordable by most of the local population in these places. In this paper we discuss an application, the Local College Learning Management System (LoColms) , which we are developing, that is both sustainable and economical to suit the situation inthese countries. The application is a web-based system, and aims at improving the traditional form of education by empowering the local universities. Its economicability comes from the fact that it is supported by traditional communication technology, the public switching telephone network system, PSTN, which eliminates the need for packet switched or dedicated private virtual networks (PVN) usually required in similar situations. At a later stage, we shall incorporate ontology and paging tools to improve resource sharability and storage optimization in the Proxy Caches (ProCa) and LoColms servers. The system is based on the client/server paradigm and its infrastructure consists of the PSTN, ProCa, with the learning centers accessing the universities by means of point-to-point protocol (PPP) .展开更多
A distance learning Continuing Medical Education （CME） project based on live interactive presentations and a group participatory model demonstrated that important strides can be made in the quality of CME available ...A distance learning Continuing Medical Education （CME） project based on live interactive presentations and a group participatory model demonstrated that important strides can be made in the quality of CME available to health care professionals in African rural settings. Implementers choose a communication model consistent with the fundamental orality of Kenyan and other sub-Saharan African countries. The project involved four hospitals and one training institution in rural Kenya. The testing of learners and focus group discussions with learners, facilitators and presenters indicated that the project＇s methodologies, that strove to be culturally and work place friendly, contributed to gains in knowledge, competencies including case management, the continuity of patient care, team work, staff morale and other issues of expressed importance to the hospital healthcare work force and hospital administrators. The learning system, known as Advancing Continuing Medical Education through Information Technology （ACME-IT）, was implemented by the Kenyan Ministry of Medical Services, EC Associates and the US-funded Aphia2 Western initiative implemented by PATH. The findings of this pilot suggests that the ACME-IT methodology that set up learning centers at the participating institutions is a promising viable alternative to the traditional and relatively expensive workshop training that characterizes much of CME in lower and middle income countries.展开更多
In 2019,the United Arab Emirates(UAE)became the first Arab country to integrate Chinese language education into its national basic education system,employing 172 Chinese language teachers and educating over 54,000 Emi...In 2019,the United Arab Emirates(UAE)became the first Arab country to integrate Chinese language education into its national basic education system,employing 172 Chinese language teachers and educating over 54,000 Emirati students by 2022.In response to the global pandemic,the UAE also became the first Arab nation to implement distance learning on a national scale,transitioning public schools to this mode of instruction in March 2020.However,existing research on distance Chinese learning primarily focuses on international students in Chinese universities or countries where Chinese language education is more established,and mainly targets older age groups such as university and high school students.There is currently no research dedicated to distance Chinese learning in the UAE.This paper addresses this research gap by exploring three key aspects.The first section reviews current literature on the key stakeholders and influencing factors in distance learning.The second section examines the development of distance Chinese language education and proposes an initial evaluation framework for this field.The third section analyzes the current state of distance Chinese learning in the UAE,highlighting specific issues that warrant further scholarly attention.This study serves as a valuable reference for researchers interested in advancing research on both distance learning and Chinese language education in the UAE.展开更多
The theory and practice of OUUK learning support service has been widely praised, from the study of composition and dominantof OUUK learning support service system, and as Jiangyin Open Studying center, Wuxi, Jiangsu ...The theory and practice of OUUK learning support service has been widely praised, from the study of composition and dominantof OUUK learning support service system, and as Jiangyin Open Studying center, Wuxi, Jiangsu example, in-depth investigation and analysis ofthe present situation of China＇s distance-education learning support services, explore the reference value of the successful experience of OUUKand inspiration to the distance education in China.展开更多
The teaching context is highly related to student’s learning process and the corresponding performance. The current study exploredthe influence of distance cue (the front seats or the back seats in a classroom) on in...The teaching context is highly related to student’s learning process and the corresponding performance. The current study exploredthe influence of distance cue (the front seats or the back seats in a classroom) on individual’s metacognition and performance. Theresults showed that participants seated in the front seats had higher JOLs and better perform than those in the back seats, and seatinghabits seem to have little impact on these scores. However, this superiority is only related to the participants who believed in that“position of the seat affects learning performance”. The results demonstrated that cognitive process and metacognitive process areaffected by the distance cues in the classroom. Importantly, individual’s belief plays a moderating role.展开更多
Literature can be used in education as basis for creative writing activities not only in traditional classroom learning but also in distance learning.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a four-mon...Literature can be used in education as basis for creative writing activities not only in traditional classroom learning but also in distance learning.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a four-month online creative writing program on the utilization of literary texts in elementary school through collaborative activities.The research sample consisted of 15 students of the 5th grade of elementary school.Evaluation of program activities was performed by completing a structured improvised questionnaire on the asynchronous education platform“e-class”of the Panhellenic School Network,where students were asked to fill in fields regarding(a)literary excerpts,(b)creative writing activities,and(c)online groups.Based on the results,students responded in a positive manner to the use of literature in the context of online collaborative writing groups.The majority of students expressed their satisfaction both with regard to the creative writing activities,having literary excerpts as a stimulus,but also with regard to the effectiveness of online groups.In conclusion,it seems that literature can be used creatively through playful group creative writing activities and distance learning.展开更多
This study aims to find out the effect of the model of ODL （Open and Distance Learning） for teaching Indonesian for foreign and whether this model of ODL implements socio-cultural and psychological approaches. The s...This study aims to find out the effect of the model of ODL （Open and Distance Learning） for teaching Indonesian for foreign and whether this model of ODL implements socio-cultural and psychological approaches. The students＇ learning of Indonesian for foreign is in so many aspects that it must be considered from both psychological aspects of students＇ language and cultural aspects. The research was carried out on foreign students＇ studying Indonesian language. The research method used action research. ODL model developed this concerning how the students are anxious in foreign language learning and language use in accordance with Indonesian culture. The model of ODL for teaching foreign Indonesian uses the Internet facilities such as email, Skype, VolP, Google Talk, circulating document with comments, chat, forum, CD, audio-video, stream media player, and e-learning system. Based on the results of this study which is that students study the model ODL for teaching Indonesian through socio-cultural approach and psychological aspects and students of Indonesian for foreign improve their ability to use the Indonesian language, students are able to converse fluently in Indonesian in accordance with Indonesian culture展开更多
Federated learning is a classic of privacy-preserving learning, which enables collaborative learning without sharing data. Structured data has become the mainstream of current applications, where there is a correlatio...Federated learning is a classic of privacy-preserving learning, which enables collaborative learning without sharing data. Structured data has become the mainstream of current applications, where there is a correlation between samples in the same dataset, which can be represented by a graph. Federated graph learning (FGL) is the integration of structured data into federated learning, assuming that each user has structured graph representation data and uses graph learning models for training. This article proposes an FGL algorithm based on graph distance calculation, which determines the similarity of users in terms of graph distance, then clusters users, and aggregates local models of users in the same cluster. This algorithm can adjust the number of clusters by changing the threshold (the larger the threshold, the fewer clusters and the more users in each cluster, and vice versa), thereby controlling the scope of user collaboration.展开更多
The advantages and disadvantages for learning English in the Network-based environment attract most researchers’concern nowadays.This study profiles college English teachers’beliefs about the networkbased language l...The advantages and disadvantages for learning English in the Network-based environment attract most researchers’concern nowadays.This study profiles college English teachers’beliefs about the networkbased language learning.The main finding is that teachers’beliefs about network-based language learning are heterogeneous and thus reflect a wide range in terms of the evolution of approaches and technology use.展开更多
文摘The advent of the Age of Information brings about bright prospects to Network-based Language Learning(NBLL).The thesis adopts the Engagement Theory as guided principles.The purpose is to use the novel NBLL model effectively with the help of modern technology especially in less-developed areas.This thesis focuses on network-based experimental study.The research shows that the students under NBLL environment have cultivated the capabilities in information collection,computer operation,and information evaluation,as well as the abilities in problem solving,reasoning with criticism,and cooperating with others.
基金Supported by Innovation Fund of China(0 0 C2 6 2 2 42 10 6 41)
文摘This paper described a distance learning system, which allows Internet users to conduct a lesson in real time from any kinds attached computers. Participants can jointly view and edit relevant multimedia information distributed through Internet. Teachers and students can also simultaneously communicate by voice and text to discuss the problems. Teacher can broadcast streaming PowerPoint presentation in real time to network users. In addition to sliders, presenters can broadcast video and audio simultaneously to deliver a live multimedia show online, and store their presentations for on demand playback. Teachers distributed in different places can also use cooperative editing tool to edit and encode existing digital content. We discussed some important design principles of the system. Then, the system configuration and the results of evaluation are also presented. The system has proved to be applicable to the distance learning based on CSCW (Computer Support Cooperative Work) in Internet.
文摘The trend of distance learning education has increased year by year because of the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies. Distance learning system can be regarded as one of ubiquitous computing applications since the learners can study anywhere even in mobile environments. However, the instructor cannot know if the learners comprehend the lecture or not since each learner is physically isolated. Therefore, a framework which detects the learners’ concentration condition is required. If a distance learning system obtains the information that many learners are not concentrated on the class due to the incomprehensible lecture style, the instructor can perceive it through the system and change the presentation strategy. This is a context-aware technology which is widely used for ubiquitous computing services. In this paper, an efficient distance learning system, which accurately detects learners’ concentration condition during a class, is proposed. The proposed system uses multiple biological information which are learners’ eye movement metrics, i.e. fixation counts, fixation rate, fixation duration and average saccade length obtained by an eye tracking system. The learners’ concentration condition is classified by using machine learning techniques. The proposed system has performed the detection accuracy of 90.7% when Multilayer Perceptron is used as a classifier. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed eye metrics has been confirmed. Furthermore, it has been clarified that the fixation duration is the most important eye metric among the four metrics based on the investigation of evaluation experiment.
文摘There is an increasing demand for supporting high-quality real-time audiovisual services for the next generation wired and wireless networks. However, due to variety of bandwidths of different networks, it is a great challenge for deployment. In this paper, a novel high-definition (HD) video transmission system was proposed which depends upon reliable compound multicast protocols and QoS control over the various kinds of networks. This system detects client's network condition and assigns it to a proper proxy. Each proxy is capable of detecting network parameters and adaptively tuning such transport parameters as bit rate, video resolution, frame rate and QoS mechanisms to this condition. It also provides FEC error recovery under consideration of characteristics of MPEG4 video codec. Our simulation demonstrates that different network clients such as ADSL, CERNET, and CERNET2 can receive more video reliability with less delay.
文摘Achieving effective interaction can the students get good learning results,and enhance the quality of distance learning.The paper firstly analyzes the research on distance learning support services and the problems of distance learning interaction in order to clarify the significance of implementing effective interaction.Then it puts forward the learning support services strategies based on effective interaction,which means to promote distance learning interaction and enhance the students'self-learning ability.
文摘There have been numerous attempts recently to promote technology based education (Shrestha, 1997) in the poorer third world countries, but so far all these have not provided a sustainable solution as they are either centered and controlled from abroad and relying solely on foreign donors for their sustenance or they are not web-based, which make distribution problematic, and some are not affordable by most of the local population in these places. In this paper we discuss an application, the Local College Learning Management System (LoColms) , which we are developing, that is both sustainable and economical to suit the situation inthese countries. The application is a web-based system, and aims at improving the traditional form of education by empowering the local universities. Its economicability comes from the fact that it is supported by traditional communication technology, the public switching telephone network system, PSTN, which eliminates the need for packet switched or dedicated private virtual networks (PVN) usually required in similar situations. At a later stage, we shall incorporate ontology and paging tools to improve resource sharability and storage optimization in the Proxy Caches (ProCa) and LoColms servers. The system is based on the client/server paradigm and its infrastructure consists of the PSTN, ProCa, with the learning centers accessing the universities by means of point-to-point protocol (PPP) .
文摘A distance learning Continuing Medical Education （CME） project based on live interactive presentations and a group participatory model demonstrated that important strides can be made in the quality of CME available to health care professionals in African rural settings. Implementers choose a communication model consistent with the fundamental orality of Kenyan and other sub-Saharan African countries. The project involved four hospitals and one training institution in rural Kenya. The testing of learners and focus group discussions with learners, facilitators and presenters indicated that the project＇s methodologies, that strove to be culturally and work place friendly, contributed to gains in knowledge, competencies including case management, the continuity of patient care, team work, staff morale and other issues of expressed importance to the hospital healthcare work force and hospital administrators. The learning system, known as Advancing Continuing Medical Education through Information Technology （ACME-IT）, was implemented by the Kenyan Ministry of Medical Services, EC Associates and the US-funded Aphia2 Western initiative implemented by PATH. The findings of this pilot suggests that the ACME-IT methodology that set up learning centers at the participating institutions is a promising viable alternative to the traditional and relatively expensive workshop training that characterizes much of CME in lower and middle income countries.
文摘In 2019,the United Arab Emirates(UAE)became the first Arab country to integrate Chinese language education into its national basic education system,employing 172 Chinese language teachers and educating over 54,000 Emirati students by 2022.In response to the global pandemic,the UAE also became the first Arab nation to implement distance learning on a national scale,transitioning public schools to this mode of instruction in March 2020.However,existing research on distance Chinese learning primarily focuses on international students in Chinese universities or countries where Chinese language education is more established,and mainly targets older age groups such as university and high school students.There is currently no research dedicated to distance Chinese learning in the UAE.This paper addresses this research gap by exploring three key aspects.The first section reviews current literature on the key stakeholders and influencing factors in distance learning.The second section examines the development of distance Chinese language education and proposes an initial evaluation framework for this field.The third section analyzes the current state of distance Chinese learning in the UAE,highlighting specific issues that warrant further scholarly attention.This study serves as a valuable reference for researchers interested in advancing research on both distance learning and Chinese language education in the UAE.
文摘The theory and practice of OUUK learning support service has been widely praised, from the study of composition and dominantof OUUK learning support service system, and as Jiangyin Open Studying center, Wuxi, Jiangsu example, in-depth investigation and analysis ofthe present situation of China＇s distance-education learning support services, explore the reference value of the successful experience of OUUKand inspiration to the distance education in China.
文摘The teaching context is highly related to student’s learning process and the corresponding performance. The current study exploredthe influence of distance cue (the front seats or the back seats in a classroom) on individual’s metacognition and performance. Theresults showed that participants seated in the front seats had higher JOLs and better perform than those in the back seats, and seatinghabits seem to have little impact on these scores. However, this superiority is only related to the participants who believed in that“position of the seat affects learning performance”. The results demonstrated that cognitive process and metacognitive process areaffected by the distance cues in the classroom. Importantly, individual’s belief plays a moderating role.
文摘Literature can be used in education as basis for creative writing activities not only in traditional classroom learning but also in distance learning.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a four-month online creative writing program on the utilization of literary texts in elementary school through collaborative activities.The research sample consisted of 15 students of the 5th grade of elementary school.Evaluation of program activities was performed by completing a structured improvised questionnaire on the asynchronous education platform“e-class”of the Panhellenic School Network,where students were asked to fill in fields regarding(a)literary excerpts,(b)creative writing activities,and(c)online groups.Based on the results,students responded in a positive manner to the use of literature in the context of online collaborative writing groups.The majority of students expressed their satisfaction both with regard to the creative writing activities,having literary excerpts as a stimulus,but also with regard to the effectiveness of online groups.In conclusion,it seems that literature can be used creatively through playful group creative writing activities and distance learning.
文摘This study aims to find out the effect of the model of ODL （Open and Distance Learning） for teaching Indonesian for foreign and whether this model of ODL implements socio-cultural and psychological approaches. The students＇ learning of Indonesian for foreign is in so many aspects that it must be considered from both psychological aspects of students＇ language and cultural aspects. The research was carried out on foreign students＇ studying Indonesian language. The research method used action research. ODL model developed this concerning how the students are anxious in foreign language learning and language use in accordance with Indonesian culture. The model of ODL for teaching foreign Indonesian uses the Internet facilities such as email, Skype, VolP, Google Talk, circulating document with comments, chat, forum, CD, audio-video, stream media player, and e-learning system. Based on the results of this study which is that students study the model ODL for teaching Indonesian through socio-cultural approach and psychological aspects and students of Indonesian for foreign improve their ability to use the Indonesian language, students are able to converse fluently in Indonesian in accordance with Indonesian culture
文摘Federated learning is a classic of privacy-preserving learning, which enables collaborative learning without sharing data. Structured data has become the mainstream of current applications, where there is a correlation between samples in the same dataset, which can be represented by a graph. Federated graph learning (FGL) is the integration of structured data into federated learning, assuming that each user has structured graph representation data and uses graph learning models for training. This article proposes an FGL algorithm based on graph distance calculation, which determines the similarity of users in terms of graph distance, then clusters users, and aggregates local models of users in the same cluster. This algorithm can adjust the number of clusters by changing the threshold (the larger the threshold, the fewer clusters and the more users in each cluster, and vice versa), thereby controlling the scope of user collaboration.
文摘The advantages and disadvantages for learning English in the Network-based environment attract most researchers’concern nowadays.This study profiles college English teachers’beliefs about the networkbased language learning.The main finding is that teachers’beliefs about network-based language learning are heterogeneous and thus reflect a wide range in terms of the evolution of approaches and technology use.
