The limited capability to regenerate new neurons following injuries of the central neural system（CNS）still remains a major challenge for basic and clinical neuroscience.Neural stem cells（NSCs）could nearly have the...The limited capability to regenerate new neurons following injuries of the central neural system（CNS）still remains a major challenge for basic and clinical neuroscience.Neural stem cells（NSCs）could nearly have the potential to differentiate into all kinds of neural cells in vitro.展开更多
Plant roots interact with diverse fungi that are essential for maintaining the productivity and sustainability of pasture ecosystems,but how these root-associated fungi(RAF)differ between forage species and how they r...Plant roots interact with diverse fungi that are essential for maintaining the productivity and sustainability of pasture ecosystems,but how these root-associated fungi(RAF)differ between forage species and how they respond to nutrient enrichment and fungicide application are not well understood.Here,we constructed an 11-year experiment involving fungicide application(with or without)nested within four levels of experimental nitrogen(N)addition treatments in an alpine pasture,and the RAF communities,root traits,tissue nutrients,and shoot biomass of two dominant forage species(Carex capillifolia and Elymus nutans)were analyzed.The RAF community composition showed striking differences between the plant species and was strongly affected by both N addition level and fungicide applications.Fungicide,but not N application,dramatically reduced the RAF richness of all functional guilds in both plant species,and fungicide also simplified the co-occurrence network of the RAF for C.capillifolia.The RAF community correlated strongly with root traits,whereas their relationships became weakened or even vanished at the level of the individual plant species.The importance of RAF to plant nutrients and productivity varied between plant species,with significant contributions in C.capillifolia but not in E.nutans.This is the first report elucidating the long-term effect of fungicides on RAF in alpine pastures,and our findings emphasize the host-specific responses of RAF community structure and function to anthropogenic disturbances.展开更多
首先简要介绍了 CIMS系统的体系结构和 L on Works的技术特点 ,以及在 CIMS系统中采用 L on Works技术所具有的优势。对基于 L on Works的 Host- based节点与 Neuron Chip- hosted节点进行了比较 ,并给出实例展示了该系统由单片机80 C19...首先简要介绍了 CIMS系统的体系结构和 L on Works的技术特点 ,以及在 CIMS系统中采用 L on Works技术所具有的优势。对基于 L on Works的 Host- based节点与 Neuron Chip- hosted节点进行了比较 ,并给出实例展示了该系统由单片机80 C196KB为主处理器 Neuron,芯片 MC14312 0为从处理器 ;两处理器协同工作 ,主处理器采样控制 ,从处理器负责通信。以Host- based节点为基础的 CIMS系统。展开更多
Background Dairy cows’lactation performance is the outcome of the crosstalk between ruminal microbial metabo-lism and host metabolism.However,it is still unclear to what extent the rumen microbiome and its metabolite...Background Dairy cows’lactation performance is the outcome of the crosstalk between ruminal microbial metabo-lism and host metabolism.However,it is still unclear to what extent the rumen microbiome and its metabolites,as well as the host metabolism,contribute to regulating the milk protein yield(MPY).Methods The rumen fluid,serum and milk of 12 Holstein cows with the same diet(45%coarseness ratio),parity(2–3 fetuses)and lactation days(120–150 d)were used for the microbiome and metabolome analysis.Rumen metabolism(rumen metabolome)and host metabolism(blood and milk metabolome)were connected using a weighted gene co-expression network(WGCNA)and the structural equation model(SEM)analyses.Results Two different ruminal enterotypes,with abundant Prevotella and Ruminococcus,were identified as type1 and type2.Of these,a higher MPY was found in cows with ruminal type2.Interestingly,[Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae(the differential bacteria)were the hub genera of the network.In addition,differential ruminal,serum and milk metabolome between enterotypes were identified,where the cows with type2 had higher L-tyrosine of rumen,ornithine and L-tryptophan of serum,and tetrahydroneopterin,palmitoyl-L-carnitine,S-lactoylglutathione of milk,which could provide more energy and substrate for MPY.Further,based on the identi-fied modules of ruminal microbiome,as well as ruminal serum and milk metabolome using WGCNA,the SEM analysis indicated that the key ruminal microbial module1,which contains the hub genera of the network([Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae)and high abundance of bacteria(Prevotella and Ruminococcus),could regulate the MPY by module7 of rumen,module2 of blood,and module7 of milk,which contained L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.Therefore,in order to more clearly reveal the process of rumen bacterial regulation of MPY,we established the path of SEM based on the L-tyrosine,L-tryptophan and related components.The SEM based on the metabolites suggested that[Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group could inhibit the energy supply of serum tryptophan to MPY by milk S-lactoylglutathione,which could enhance pyruvate metabolism.Norank_f_Ruminococcaceae could increase the ruminal L-tyrosine,which could provide the substrate for MPY.Conclusion Our results indicated that the represented enterotype genera of Prevotella and Ruminococcus,and the hub genera of[Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae could regulate milk protein synthesis by affecting the ruminal L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.Moreover,the combined analysis of enterotype,WGCNA and SEM could be used to connect rumen microbial metabolism with host metabolism,which provides a fundamental understanding of the crosstalk between host and microorganisms in regulating the synthesis of milk composition.展开更多
The conception of trusted network connection （TNC） is introduced, and the weakness of TNC to control user＇s action is analyzed. After this, the paper brings out a set of secure access and control model based on acc...The conception of trusted network connection （TNC） is introduced, and the weakness of TNC to control user＇s action is analyzed. After this, the paper brings out a set of secure access and control model based on access, authorization and control, and related authentication protocol. At last the security of this model is analyzed. The model can improve TNC＇s security of user control and authorization.展开更多
The goal of this research is to introduce the simulation studies of the vector-host disease nonlinear system(VHDNS)along with the numerical treatment of artificial neural networks(ANNs)techniques supported by Levenber...The goal of this research is to introduce the simulation studies of the vector-host disease nonlinear system(VHDNS)along with the numerical treatment of artificial neural networks(ANNs)techniques supported by Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation(LMQBP),known as ANNs-LMQBP.This mechanism is physically appropriate,where the number of infected people is increasing along with the limited health services.Furthermore,the biological effects have fadingmemories and exhibit transition behavior.Initially,the model is developed by considering the two and three categories for the humans and the vector species.The VHDNS is constructed with five classes,susceptible humans Sh(t),infected humans Ih(t),recovered humans Rh(t),infected vectors Iv(t),and susceptible vector Sv(t)based system of the fractional-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations.To solve the number of variations of the VHDNS,the numerical simulations are performed using the stochastic ANNs-LMQBP.The achieved numerical solutions for solving the VHDNS using the stochastic ANNs-LMQBP have been described for training,verifying,and testing data to decrease the mean square error(MSE).An extensive analysis is provided using the correlation studies,MSE,error histograms(EHs),state transitions(STs),and regression to observe the accuracy,efficiency,expertise,and aptitude of the computing ANNs-LMQBP.展开更多
Helping hosts are intensively used in various schemes to restore partitioned Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs).Most of the existing schemes offers only deterministic deployment and fixed routes for the helping hosts, an...Helping hosts are intensively used in various schemes to restore partitioned Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs).Most of the existing schemes offers only deterministic deployment and fixed routes for the helping hosts, and are thus not able to deal with fluctuating network traffic, which is a practical condition in many MANET applications. In this paper, we argue that flexible helping hosts (referred to as Message Cabs (MCabs)), with deployment and routes that response to the changes in the traffic demand of the network, may overcome this drawback and reduce the message delay in the networks. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this observation, we propose a new helping host scheme namely the Message Cab (MCab) scheme for partition restoration in MANETs, and validate the performance through simulations.展开更多
With the digital information and application requirement on the Internet increasing fleetly nowadays,it is urgent to work out a network storage system with a large capacity,a high availability and scalability.To solve...With the digital information and application requirement on the Internet increasing fleetly nowadays,it is urgent to work out a network storage system with a large capacity,a high availability and scalability.To solve the above-mentioned issues,a NAS-based storage network(for short NASSN)has been designed.Firstly,the NASSN integrates multi-NAS,iNAS(an iSCSI-based NAS)and enterprise SAN with the help of storage virtualization,which can provide a greater capacity and better scalability.Secondly,the NASSN can provide high availability with the help of server and storage subsystem redundancy technologies.Thirdly,the NASSN simultaneously serves for both the file I/O and the block I/O with the help of an iSCSI module,which has the advantages of NAS and SAN.Finally,the NASSN can provide higher I/O speed by a high network-attached channel which implements the direct data transfer between the storage device and client.In the experiments,the NASSN has ultra-high-throughput for both of the file I/O requests and the block I/O requests.展开更多
By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver,discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies,the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux syste...By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver,discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies,the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull.c and improving the COW technology,the Zero-Copy technology in Linux (kernel version 2.6.11) is implemented. In the end,the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications,and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications,even to military application development.展开更多
Large-scale access of distributed photovoltaic(PV)in distribution networks(DNs),if not properly evaluated,brings several operational problems.Uncertainties arising from both PV outputs and load demand significantly im...Large-scale access of distributed photovoltaic(PV)in distribution networks(DNs),if not properly evaluated,brings several operational problems.Uncertainties arising from both PV outputs and load demand significantly impact evaluation results.To address this issue,this paper proposes a possibilistic approach to evaluate PV hosting capacity(PVHC).First,possibility distribution is used to model load demand in order to reflect uncertainties associated with human factor,whereas the interval model is applied to deal with uncertainties of PV outputs.Second,a voltage deterioration index is proposed considering overvoltage risk of entire system on time scale.After that,possibilistic PVHC evaluation method based on this index is proposed.A 6-bus system is used to illustrate advantages of the proposed method,followed by a discussion of role of PVHC possibility distribution in actual decision-making of utilities.Moreover,sensitivity of simulation parameters is analyzed to reduce computational burden.Finally,the proposed method is tested on the IEEE 123-bus DN to validate adaptability to a larger system and to analyze impact of PVHC results against different acceptable values set by utilities.展开更多
基金supported by National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Programs 2015CB755605)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81471312)
文摘The limited capability to regenerate new neurons following injuries of the central neural system（CNS）still remains a major challenge for basic and clinical neuroscience.Neural stem cells（NSCs）could nearly have the potential to differentiate into all kinds of neural cells in vitro.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF0805602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20186,32171579,32371592 and 32471674)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China(23JRRA1029 and 23JRRA1034)。
文摘Plant roots interact with diverse fungi that are essential for maintaining the productivity and sustainability of pasture ecosystems,but how these root-associated fungi(RAF)differ between forage species and how they respond to nutrient enrichment and fungicide application are not well understood.Here,we constructed an 11-year experiment involving fungicide application(with or without)nested within four levels of experimental nitrogen(N)addition treatments in an alpine pasture,and the RAF communities,root traits,tissue nutrients,and shoot biomass of two dominant forage species(Carex capillifolia and Elymus nutans)were analyzed.The RAF community composition showed striking differences between the plant species and was strongly affected by both N addition level and fungicide applications.Fungicide,but not N application,dramatically reduced the RAF richness of all functional guilds in both plant species,and fungicide also simplified the co-occurrence network of the RAF for C.capillifolia.The RAF community correlated strongly with root traits,whereas their relationships became weakened or even vanished at the level of the individual plant species.The importance of RAF to plant nutrients and productivity varied between plant species,with significant contributions in C.capillifolia but not in E.nutans.This is the first report elucidating the long-term effect of fungicides on RAF in alpine pastures,and our findings emphasize the host-specific responses of RAF community structure and function to anthropogenic disturbances.
文摘首先简要介绍了 CIMS系统的体系结构和 L on Works的技术特点 ,以及在 CIMS系统中采用 L on Works技术所具有的优势。对基于 L on Works的 Host- based节点与 Neuron Chip- hosted节点进行了比较 ,并给出实例展示了该系统由单片机80 C196KB为主处理器 Neuron,芯片 MC14312 0为从处理器 ;两处理器协同工作 ,主处理器采样控制 ,从处理器负责通信。以Host- based节点为基础的 CIMS系统。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272829,32072761,31902184)Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Association Young Talents Lifting Program Project(20220203).
文摘Background Dairy cows’lactation performance is the outcome of the crosstalk between ruminal microbial metabo-lism and host metabolism.However,it is still unclear to what extent the rumen microbiome and its metabolites,as well as the host metabolism,contribute to regulating the milk protein yield(MPY).Methods The rumen fluid,serum and milk of 12 Holstein cows with the same diet(45%coarseness ratio),parity(2–3 fetuses)and lactation days(120–150 d)were used for the microbiome and metabolome analysis.Rumen metabolism(rumen metabolome)and host metabolism(blood and milk metabolome)were connected using a weighted gene co-expression network(WGCNA)and the structural equation model(SEM)analyses.Results Two different ruminal enterotypes,with abundant Prevotella and Ruminococcus,were identified as type1 and type2.Of these,a higher MPY was found in cows with ruminal type2.Interestingly,[Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae(the differential bacteria)were the hub genera of the network.In addition,differential ruminal,serum and milk metabolome between enterotypes were identified,where the cows with type2 had higher L-tyrosine of rumen,ornithine and L-tryptophan of serum,and tetrahydroneopterin,palmitoyl-L-carnitine,S-lactoylglutathione of milk,which could provide more energy and substrate for MPY.Further,based on the identi-fied modules of ruminal microbiome,as well as ruminal serum and milk metabolome using WGCNA,the SEM analysis indicated that the key ruminal microbial module1,which contains the hub genera of the network([Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae)and high abundance of bacteria(Prevotella and Ruminococcus),could regulate the MPY by module7 of rumen,module2 of blood,and module7 of milk,which contained L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.Therefore,in order to more clearly reveal the process of rumen bacterial regulation of MPY,we established the path of SEM based on the L-tyrosine,L-tryptophan and related components.The SEM based on the metabolites suggested that[Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group could inhibit the energy supply of serum tryptophan to MPY by milk S-lactoylglutathione,which could enhance pyruvate metabolism.Norank_f_Ruminococcaceae could increase the ruminal L-tyrosine,which could provide the substrate for MPY.Conclusion Our results indicated that the represented enterotype genera of Prevotella and Ruminococcus,and the hub genera of[Ruminococcus]gauvreauii group and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae could regulate milk protein synthesis by affecting the ruminal L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan.Moreover,the combined analysis of enterotype,WGCNA and SEM could be used to connect rumen microbial metabolism with host metabolism,which provides a fundamental understanding of the crosstalk between host and microorganisms in regulating the synthesis of milk composition.
基金Supported by Specialized Research Fund for theDoctoral Programof Higher Education of China (20050013011)
文摘The conception of trusted network connection （TNC） is introduced, and the weakness of TNC to control user＇s action is analyzed. After this, the paper brings out a set of secure access and control model based on access, authorization and control, and related authentication protocol. At last the security of this model is analyzed. The model can improve TNC＇s security of user control and authorization.
基金funded by National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)and Khon Kaen University:N42A650291。
文摘The goal of this research is to introduce the simulation studies of the vector-host disease nonlinear system(VHDNS)along with the numerical treatment of artificial neural networks(ANNs)techniques supported by Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation(LMQBP),known as ANNs-LMQBP.This mechanism is physically appropriate,where the number of infected people is increasing along with the limited health services.Furthermore,the biological effects have fadingmemories and exhibit transition behavior.Initially,the model is developed by considering the two and three categories for the humans and the vector species.The VHDNS is constructed with five classes,susceptible humans Sh(t),infected humans Ih(t),recovered humans Rh(t),infected vectors Iv(t),and susceptible vector Sv(t)based system of the fractional-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations.To solve the number of variations of the VHDNS,the numerical simulations are performed using the stochastic ANNs-LMQBP.The achieved numerical solutions for solving the VHDNS using the stochastic ANNs-LMQBP have been described for training,verifying,and testing data to decrease the mean square error(MSE).An extensive analysis is provided using the correlation studies,MSE,error histograms(EHs),state transitions(STs),and regression to observe the accuracy,efficiency,expertise,and aptitude of the computing ANNs-LMQBP.
文摘Helping hosts are intensively used in various schemes to restore partitioned Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs).Most of the existing schemes offers only deterministic deployment and fixed routes for the helping hosts, and are thus not able to deal with fluctuating network traffic, which is a practical condition in many MANET applications. In this paper, we argue that flexible helping hosts (referred to as Message Cabs (MCabs)), with deployment and routes that response to the changes in the traffic demand of the network, may overcome this drawback and reduce the message delay in the networks. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this observation, we propose a new helping host scheme namely the Message Cab (MCab) scheme for partition restoration in MANETs, and validate the performance through simulations.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60673191and90304011)Science Innovation Term Foundation of Guang-dong University of Foreign Studies(Grant No.GW2006-AT-005)Science Innovation Term Foundation of School of Informatics Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.
文摘With the digital information and application requirement on the Internet increasing fleetly nowadays,it is urgent to work out a network storage system with a large capacity,a high availability and scalability.To solve the above-mentioned issues,a NAS-based storage network(for short NASSN)has been designed.Firstly,the NASSN integrates multi-NAS,iNAS(an iSCSI-based NAS)and enterprise SAN with the help of storage virtualization,which can provide a greater capacity and better scalability.Secondly,the NASSN can provide high availability with the help of server and storage subsystem redundancy technologies.Thirdly,the NASSN simultaneously serves for both the file I/O and the block I/O with the help of an iSCSI module,which has the advantages of NAS and SAN.Finally,the NASSN can provide higher I/O speed by a high network-attached channel which implements the direct data transfer between the storage device and client.In the experiments,the NASSN has ultra-high-throughput for both of the file I/O requests and the block I/O requests.
文摘By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver,discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies,the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull.c and improving the COW technology,the Zero-Copy technology in Linux (kernel version 2.6.11) is implemented. In the end,the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications,and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications,even to military application development.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB0904700).
文摘Large-scale access of distributed photovoltaic(PV)in distribution networks(DNs),if not properly evaluated,brings several operational problems.Uncertainties arising from both PV outputs and load demand significantly impact evaluation results.To address this issue,this paper proposes a possibilistic approach to evaluate PV hosting capacity(PVHC).First,possibility distribution is used to model load demand in order to reflect uncertainties associated with human factor,whereas the interval model is applied to deal with uncertainties of PV outputs.Second,a voltage deterioration index is proposed considering overvoltage risk of entire system on time scale.After that,possibilistic PVHC evaluation method based on this index is proposed.A 6-bus system is used to illustrate advantages of the proposed method,followed by a discussion of role of PVHC possibility distribution in actual decision-making of utilities.Moreover,sensitivity of simulation parameters is analyzed to reduce computational burden.Finally,the proposed method is tested on the IEEE 123-bus DN to validate adaptability to a larger system and to analyze impact of PVHC results against different acceptable values set by utilities.
