In recent decades, event-related potentials have been used for the clinical electrophysiological assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness （DOCs）. In this paper, an oddball paradigm with two types of fr...In recent decades, event-related potentials have been used for the clinical electrophysiological assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness （DOCs）. In this paper, an oddball paradigm with two types of frequencydeviant stimulus （standard stimuli were pure tones of 1000 Hz; small deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1050 Hz; large deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1200 Hz） was applied to elicit mismatch negativity （MMN） in 30 patients with DOCs diagnosed using the JFK Coma Recovery Scale- Revised （CRS-R）. The results showed that the peak amplitudes of MMN elicited by both large and small deviant stimuli were significantly different from baseline. In terms of the spatial properties of MMN, a significant interaction effect between conditions （small and large deviant stimuli） and electrode nodes was centered at the frontocentral area. Furthermore, correlation coefficients were calculated between MMN amplitudes and CRS-R scores for each electrode among all participants to generate topographic maps. Meanwhile, a significant negative correlation between the MMN amplitudes elicited by large deviant stimuli and the CRS-R scores was also found at the frontocentral area. In consequence, our results combine the above spatial properties of MMN in patients with DOCs, and provide a more precise location （frontocentral area） at which to evaluate the correlation between clinical electrophysiological assessment and the level of consciousness.展开更多
In this experiment, 97 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were divided into three groups （mild, moderate, severe） according to minimum oxygen saturation, and 35 healthy subjects were examined as...In this experiment, 97 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were divided into three groups （mild, moderate, severe） according to minimum oxygen saturation, and 35 healthy subjects were examined as controls. Cognitive function was determined using the mismatch negativity paradigm and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The results revealed that as the disease worsened, the mismatch negativity latency was gradually extended, and the amplitude gradually declined in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Importantly, mismatch negativity latency in severe patients with a persistent time of minimum oxygen saturation 〈 60 seconds was significantly shorter than that with a persistent time of minimum oxygen saturation 〉 60 seconds. Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between minimum oxygen saturation latency and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. These findings indicate that intermittent night-time hypoxemia affects mismatch negativity waveforms and Montrea Cognitive Assessment scores. As indicators for detecting the cognitive functional status of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients, the sensitivity of mismatch negativity is 82.93%, the specificity is 73.33%, the accuracy rate is 81.52%, the positive predictive value is 85.00%, the negative predictive value is 70.21%, the positive likelihood ratio is 3, and the negative likelihood ratio is 0.23. These results indicate that mismatch negativity can be used as an effective tool for diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients.展开更多
We studied quantum correlation and quantum entanglement of a quantum system in which a coherent state light field interacts with two qubits that are initially prepared in a separable and mixed state.The influence of m...We studied quantum correlation and quantum entanglement of a quantum system in which a coherent state light field interacts with two qubits that are initially prepared in a separable and mixed state.The influence of mean photon number of the coherent field and distribution probability of the atom on the geometrical quantum discord and the negativity are discussed.Our results show that the mean photon number of light field and distribution function of the atom can regulate and control the quantum correlation and quantum entanglement.展开更多
This paper contains two main contents.In the first part,we provide two counterexamples of monogamy inequalities for the squared entanglement negativity:one three-qutrit pure state which violates of the He–Vidal monog...This paper contains two main contents.In the first part,we provide two counterexamples of monogamy inequalities for the squared entanglement negativity:one three-qutrit pure state which violates of the He–Vidal monogamy conjecture,and one four-qubit pure state which disproves the squared-negativity-based Regula–Martino–Lee–Adessoclass strong monogamy conjecture.In the second part,we investigate the sharing of the entanglement negativity in a composite cavity-reservoir system using the corresponding multipartite entanglement scores,and then we find that there is no simple dominating relation between multipartite entanglement scores and the entanglement negativity in composite cavity-reservoir systems.As a by-product,we further validate that the entanglement of two cavity photons is a decreasing function of the evolution time,and the entanglement will suddenly disappear interacting with independent reservoirs.展开更多
Rapid and accurate perception of threat information is a critical ability and a prerequisite to survive natural selection for humans.To investigate whether threatening stimuli,especially phylogenetic and ontogenetic t...Rapid and accurate perception of threat information is a critical ability and a prerequisite to survive natural selection for humans.To investigate whether threatening stimuli,especially phylogenetic and ontogenetic threats,are processed automatically,we analyzed the visual mismatch negativity(vMMN,an event-related potential component reflecting automatic processing)elicited by the threats with a cross-modal oddball paradigm,where participants were required to focus on the auditory stimuli and ignore the visual stimuli in each block.In this study,neutral(non-threatening)images served as standard stimuli(80%),and phylogenetic(10%)and ontogenetic(10%)threat stimuli served as deviant stimuli when testing a large sample(N=96)of healthy volunteers.Threat-related visual mismatch negativity(threat-vMMN)was obtained by subtracting the event-related potential(ERP)elicited by standard stimuli from that elicited by deviant stimuli.The results indicated that the vMMN can be elicited by threat information.More importantly,the phylogenetic threat information elicited larger threat-vMMN than ontogenetic threat information.These findings suggest that perception of threat information was automatic,providing an evidential basis for the attentional advantages of survival processing.That is,automatic perception of phylogenetic threats has a particular evolutionary origin.展开更多
We propose a scheme to characterize the non-Markovian dynamics and quantify the non-Markovianity via the non-classicality measured by the negativity of quantumness. By considering a qubit in contact with a critical Is...We propose a scheme to characterize the non-Markovian dynamics and quantify the non-Markovianity via the non-classicality measured by the negativity of quantumness. By considering a qubit in contact with a critical Ising spin bath and introducing an ancilla, we show that revivals of negativity of quantumness indicate the non-Markovian dynamics.Furthermore, a normalized measure of non-Markovianity based on the negativity of quantumness is introduced and the influences of bath criticality, bath temperature and bath size on the non-Markovianity are discussed. It is shown that,at the critical point, the decay of non-Markovianity versus the size of spin bath is the fastest and the non-Markovianity is exactly zero only in the thermodynamic limit. Besides, non-trivial behaviours of negativity of quantumness such as sudden change, double sudden changes and keeping constant are found for different relations between parameters of the initial state. Finally, how the non-classicality of the system is affected by a series of bang-bang pulses is also examined.展开更多
We detected the event-related potential mismatch negativity （MMN） of 30 depression patients and compared to 30 age,gender,and education-matched healthy controls.Results showed that amplitudes of frequency and durati...We detected the event-related potential mismatch negativity （MMN） of 30 depression patients and compared to 30 age,gender,and education-matched healthy controls.Results showed that amplitudes of frequency and duration MMN were lower in depression patients compared with control patients,indicating abnormality in auditory processing （i.e.,cognitive impairment）.Following escitalopram treatment for 8 weeks,the amplitudes of frequency and duration MMN were significantly increased and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores were significantly decreased in depression patients.These data suggest that escitalopram can improve cognitive function of patients with depression.Further,MMN may be a useful tool for evaluating cognitive function and treatment effects.展开更多
The realization of double negative electromagnetic wave media, sometimes called left-handed materials (LHMs) or metamaterials, have drawn considerable attention in the past few years. We will examine the possibility o...The realization of double negative electromagnetic wave media, sometimes called left-handed materials (LHMs) or metamaterials, have drawn considerable attention in the past few years. We will examine the possibility of extending the concept to acoustic waves. We will see that acoustic metamaterials require both the effective density and bulk modulus to be simultaneously negative in the sense of an effective medium. If we can find a double negative (negative density and bulk modulus) acoustic medium, it will be an acoustic analogue of Veselago’s medium in electromagnetism, and share many novel consequences such as negative refractive index and backward wave characteristics. We will give one example of such a medium.展开更多
Using Majorana representation of symmetric N-qubit pure states, we have examined the monogamous nature of the family of states with two-distinct spinors, the W class of states. We have evaluated the N-concurrence tang...Using Majorana representation of symmetric N-qubit pure states, we have examined the monogamous nature of the family of states with two-distinct spinors, the W class of states. We have evaluated the N-concurrence tangle and showed that all the states in this family have vanishing concurrence tangle. The negativity tangle for the W class of states is shown to be non-zero, illustrating the fact that the concurrence tangle is always lesser than or equal to the negativity tangle in a pure N-qubit state.展开更多
Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias.An event-related potentials(ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousa...Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias.An event-related potentials(ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal.The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.展开更多
Background:Although the rehabilitation of aphasia has been extensively studied,the prediction of language outcome still has not received sufficient attention.The aim of this study was to predict the language outcome u...Background:Although the rehabilitation of aphasia has been extensively studied,the prediction of language outcome still has not received sufficient attention.The aim of this study was to predict the language outcome using mismatch negativity(MMN)in patients with large left-hemispheric infarction.Methods:MMN was elicited by an oddball paradigm in which a standard tone(1000 Hz)and deviant tone(1500 Hz)were presented at 90%and 10%of the number of tones,respectively.The mean amplitudes and laterality indexes(LIs)of MMN were measured over the prefrontal,frontal,central,parietal,temporal,and perisylvian electrodes and both hemispheres during the first 7 days(session 1)and 10 to 20 days(session 2)post-onset.Mixed three-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to investigate differences in these factors between two aphasia groups(the good recovery group and poor recovery group).The predictive value of the most significant LI was also compared with the score of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and low-density volume on computed tomography.Results:A total of 18 patients were enrolled in this study.Mixed three-way ANOVA showed no interaction effect of session×region of interest(ROI)×group(F[3.59,57.38]=1.301,P=0.282)and no interaction effect of ROI×group(F[1.81,29.01]=0.71,P=0.487)and session×group(F[1.00,16.00]=0.084,P=0.776)for MMN amplitude.No interaction effect of session×ROI×group(F[1.79,28.58]=0.62,P=0.530),but an interaction effect of session×group(F[1.00,16.00]=5.21,P=0.036)was found for LIs.In the poor recovery group,the LIs of MMN over all the ROIs,except the parietal area,became more negative at session 2 than those at session 1(P<0.05),but this effect was not observed in the good recovery group.Additionally,significant differences were observed in the LIs at session 2 between the two groups(P<0.05).The LI over the perisylvian area at session 2 had the highest predictive value with an area under the curve of 0.963(95%confidence interval:0.884–1.000).An LI score>-0.36 over the perisylvian area suggested good recovery,but a score<-0.36 suggested poor recovery.The LI cut-off value of-0.36 had the highest sensitivity(90.0%)and specificity(87.5%)for predicting a good language outcome at 3 months post-stroke.Conclusion:LIs of MMN amplitudes at approximately 2 weeks post left-hemisphere stroke serve as more sensitive predictors of language outcome,among which the LI over the perisylvian area exhibits the best predictive value.展开更多
A metamaterial model that possesses simultaneously negative effective mass density and negative effective Young’s modulus is proposed in this study.Dispersion curves and dynamic responses of the model are investigate...A metamaterial model that possesses simultaneously negative effective mass density and negative effective Young’s modulus is proposed in this study.Dispersion curves and dynamic responses of the model are investigated.In the double negative frequency region,it is demonstrated that the phase velocity is negative.In addition,it was found that the band gap region of the metamaterial can be predicted accurately by taking parts of single-unit cell to analyze the steady-state response.The design is also fabricated by a 3D printer.展开更多
Event-related potentials were measured in 12 healthy youth subjects aged 19-22 using the paradigm 'cross-modal and delayed response' which is able to improve unattended purity and to avoid the effect of task t...Event-related potentials were measured in 12 healthy youth subjects aged 19-22 using the paradigm 'cross-modal and delayed response' which is able to improve unattended purity and to avoid the effect of task target on the deviant components of ERP. The experiment included two conditions: (i) Attend visual modality, ignore auditory modality; (ii) attend auditory modality, ignore visual modality. The stimuli under the two conditions were the same. The difference wave was obtained by subtracting ERPs of the standard stimuli from that of the deviant stim-uli. The present results showed that mismatch negativity (MMN), N2b and P3 components can be produced in the auditory and visual modalities under attention condition. However, only MMN was observed in the two modalities un-der inattention condition. Auditory and visual MMN have some features in common: their largest MMN wave peaks were distributed respectively over their primary sensory projection areas of the scalp under attention condition, but over fronto-central scalp under inattention condition. There was no significant difference between the amplitudes of visual and auditory MMN. Their amplitudes and the scalp distribution were unaffected by attention, thus suggesting that MMN amplitude is an important index reflecting automatic processing in the brain. However, the latency of the audi-tory and visual MMN were affected by attention, showing that MMN not only reflects automatic processing but also probably relates to control processing.展开更多
ZrCoRE(RE denotes rare earth elements)non-evaporable getter films have significant applications in vacuum packaging of micro-electro mechanical system devices because of their excellent gas adsorption performance,low ...ZrCoRE(RE denotes rare earth elements)non-evaporable getter films have significant applications in vacuum packaging of micro-electro mechanical system devices because of their excellent gas adsorption performance,low activation temperature and environmental friendliness.The films were deposited using DC magnetron sputtering with argon and krypton gases under various deposition pressures.The effects of sputtering gas type and pressure on the morphology and hydrogen adsorption performance of ZrCoRE films were investigated.Results show that the films prepared in Ar exhibit a relatively dense structure with fewer grain boundaries.The increase in Ar pressure results in more grain boundaries and gap structures in the films.In contrast,films deposited in Kr display a higher density of grain boundaries and cluster structures,and the films have an obvious columnar crystal structure,with numerous interfaces and gaps distributed between the columnar structures,providing more paths for gas diffusion.As Kr pressure increases,the film demonstrates more pronounced continuous columnar structure growth,accompanied by deeper and wider grain boundaries.This structural configuration provides a larger specific surface area,which significantly improves the hydrogen adsorption speed and capacity.Consequently,high Ar and Kr pressures are beneficial to improve the adsorption performance.展开更多
In this paper,by utilizing the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal-type inequality of negatively superadditive dependent(NSD)random arrays and truncated method,we investigate the complete f-moment convergen...In this paper,by utilizing the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal-type inequality of negatively superadditive dependent(NSD)random arrays and truncated method,we investigate the complete f-moment convergence of NSD random variables.We establish and improve a general result on the complete f-moment convergence for Sung’s type randomly weighted sums of NSD random variables under some general assumptions.As an application,we show the complete consistency for the randomly weighted estimator in a nonparametric regression model based on NSD errors.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471742, 91748105)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [DUT16JJ(G)03] in Dalian University of Technology, China
文摘In recent decades, event-related potentials have been used for the clinical electrophysiological assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness （DOCs）. In this paper, an oddball paradigm with two types of frequencydeviant stimulus （standard stimuli were pure tones of 1000 Hz; small deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1050 Hz; large deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1200 Hz） was applied to elicit mismatch negativity （MMN） in 30 patients with DOCs diagnosed using the JFK Coma Recovery Scale- Revised （CRS-R）. The results showed that the peak amplitudes of MMN elicited by both large and small deviant stimuli were significantly different from baseline. In terms of the spatial properties of MMN, a significant interaction effect between conditions （small and large deviant stimuli） and electrode nodes was centered at the frontocentral area. Furthermore, correlation coefficients were calculated between MMN amplitudes and CRS-R scores for each electrode among all participants to generate topographic maps. Meanwhile, a significant negative correlation between the MMN amplitudes elicited by large deviant stimuli and the CRS-R scores was also found at the frontocentral area. In consequence, our results combine the above spatial properties of MMN in patients with DOCs, and provide a more precise location （frontocentral area） at which to evaluate the correlation between clinical electrophysiological assessment and the level of consciousness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30973309
文摘In this experiment, 97 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were divided into three groups （mild, moderate, severe） according to minimum oxygen saturation, and 35 healthy subjects were examined as controls. Cognitive function was determined using the mismatch negativity paradigm and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The results revealed that as the disease worsened, the mismatch negativity latency was gradually extended, and the amplitude gradually declined in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Importantly, mismatch negativity latency in severe patients with a persistent time of minimum oxygen saturation 〈 60 seconds was significantly shorter than that with a persistent time of minimum oxygen saturation 〉 60 seconds. Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between minimum oxygen saturation latency and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. These findings indicate that intermittent night-time hypoxemia affects mismatch negativity waveforms and Montrea Cognitive Assessment scores. As indicators for detecting the cognitive functional status of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients, the sensitivity of mismatch negativity is 82.93%, the specificity is 73.33%, the accuracy rate is 81.52%, the positive predictive value is 85.00%, the negative predictive value is 70.21%, the positive likelihood ratio is 3, and the negative likelihood ratio is 0.23. These results indicate that mismatch negativity can be used as an effective tool for diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11604090)
文摘We studied quantum correlation and quantum entanglement of a quantum system in which a coherent state light field interacts with two qubits that are initially prepared in a separable and mixed state.The influence of mean photon number of the coherent field and distribution probability of the atom on the geometrical quantum discord and the negativity are discussed.Our results show that the mean photon number of light field and distribution function of the atom can regulate and control the quantum correlation and quantum entanglement.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60973135Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.ZR2015FQ006
文摘This paper contains two main contents.In the first part,we provide two counterexamples of monogamy inequalities for the squared entanglement negativity:one three-qutrit pure state which violates of the He–Vidal monogamy conjecture,and one four-qubit pure state which disproves the squared-negativity-based Regula–Martino–Lee–Adessoclass strong monogamy conjecture.In the second part,we investigate the sharing of the entanglement negativity in a composite cavity-reservoir system using the corresponding multipartite entanglement scores,and then we find that there is no simple dominating relation between multipartite entanglement scores and the entanglement negativity in composite cavity-reservoir systems.As a by-product,we further validate that the entanglement of two cavity photons is a decreasing function of the evolution time,and the entanglement will suddenly disappear interacting with independent reservoirs.
文摘Rapid and accurate perception of threat information is a critical ability and a prerequisite to survive natural selection for humans.To investigate whether threatening stimuli,especially phylogenetic and ontogenetic threats,are processed automatically,we analyzed the visual mismatch negativity(vMMN,an event-related potential component reflecting automatic processing)elicited by the threats with a cross-modal oddball paradigm,where participants were required to focus on the auditory stimuli and ignore the visual stimuli in each block.In this study,neutral(non-threatening)images served as standard stimuli(80%),and phylogenetic(10%)and ontogenetic(10%)threat stimuli served as deviant stimuli when testing a large sample(N=96)of healthy volunteers.Threat-related visual mismatch negativity(threat-vMMN)was obtained by subtracting the event-related potential(ERP)elicited by standard stimuli from that elicited by deviant stimuli.The results indicated that the vMMN can be elicited by threat information.More importantly,the phylogenetic threat information elicited larger threat-vMMN than ontogenetic threat information.These findings suggest that perception of threat information was automatic,providing an evidential basis for the attentional advantages of survival processing.That is,automatic perception of phylogenetic threats has a particular evolutionary origin.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11247308 and 11274274the National Natural Science Foundation of Special Theoretical Physics under Grant No.11347196+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.BK20130162the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.JUSRP11405
文摘We propose a scheme to characterize the non-Markovian dynamics and quantify the non-Markovianity via the non-classicality measured by the negativity of quantumness. By considering a qubit in contact with a critical Ising spin bath and introducing an ancilla, we show that revivals of negativity of quantumness indicate the non-Markovian dynamics.Furthermore, a normalized measure of non-Markovianity based on the negativity of quantumness is introduced and the influences of bath criticality, bath temperature and bath size on the non-Markovianity are discussed. It is shown that,at the critical point, the decay of non-Markovianity versus the size of spin bath is the fastest and the non-Markovianity is exactly zero only in the thermodynamic limit. Besides, non-trivial behaviours of negativity of quantumness such as sudden change, double sudden changes and keeping constant are found for different relations between parameters of the initial state. Finally, how the non-classicality of the system is affected by a series of bang-bang pulses is also examined.
基金the Medical Research Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Public Health,No.H201043
文摘We detected the event-related potential mismatch negativity （MMN） of 30 depression patients and compared to 30 age,gender,and education-matched healthy controls.Results showed that amplitudes of frequency and duration MMN were lower in depression patients compared with control patients,indicating abnormality in auditory processing （i.e.,cognitive impairment）.Following escitalopram treatment for 8 weeks,the amplitudes of frequency and duration MMN were significantly increased and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores were significantly decreased in depression patients.These data suggest that escitalopram can improve cognitive function of patients with depression.Further,MMN may be a useful tool for evaluating cognitive function and treatment effects.
基金Project (No. CA02/03.SC01) supported by Research Grant Council(RGC) Hong Kong, China
文摘The realization of double negative electromagnetic wave media, sometimes called left-handed materials (LHMs) or metamaterials, have drawn considerable attention in the past few years. We will examine the possibility of extending the concept to acoustic waves. We will see that acoustic metamaterials require both the effective density and bulk modulus to be simultaneously negative in the sense of an effective medium. If we can find a double negative (negative density and bulk modulus) acoustic medium, it will be an acoustic analogue of Veselago’s medium in electromagnetism, and share many novel consequences such as negative refractive index and backward wave characteristics. We will give one example of such a medium.
基金supported by Department of Science and Technology,Government of India through the award of INSPIRE fellowship
文摘Using Majorana representation of symmetric N-qubit pure states, we have examined the monogamous nature of the family of states with two-distinct spinors, the W class of states. We have evaluated the N-concurrence tangle and showed that all the states in this family have vanishing concurrence tangle. The negativity tangle for the W class of states is shown to be non-zero, illustrating the fact that the concurrence tangle is always lesser than or equal to the negativity tangle in a pure N-qubit state.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30930031)National Key Technologies R&D Program (2009BAI77B01)+2 种基金Ministry of Education (PCSIRT,IRT0710)National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2008AA021204)Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias.An event-related potentials(ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal.The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81671037).
文摘Background:Although the rehabilitation of aphasia has been extensively studied,the prediction of language outcome still has not received sufficient attention.The aim of this study was to predict the language outcome using mismatch negativity(MMN)in patients with large left-hemispheric infarction.Methods:MMN was elicited by an oddball paradigm in which a standard tone(1000 Hz)and deviant tone(1500 Hz)were presented at 90%and 10%of the number of tones,respectively.The mean amplitudes and laterality indexes(LIs)of MMN were measured over the prefrontal,frontal,central,parietal,temporal,and perisylvian electrodes and both hemispheres during the first 7 days(session 1)and 10 to 20 days(session 2)post-onset.Mixed three-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to investigate differences in these factors between two aphasia groups(the good recovery group and poor recovery group).The predictive value of the most significant LI was also compared with the score of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and low-density volume on computed tomography.Results:A total of 18 patients were enrolled in this study.Mixed three-way ANOVA showed no interaction effect of session×region of interest(ROI)×group(F[3.59,57.38]=1.301,P=0.282)and no interaction effect of ROI×group(F[1.81,29.01]=0.71,P=0.487)and session×group(F[1.00,16.00]=0.084,P=0.776)for MMN amplitude.No interaction effect of session×ROI×group(F[1.79,28.58]=0.62,P=0.530),but an interaction effect of session×group(F[1.00,16.00]=5.21,P=0.036)was found for LIs.In the poor recovery group,the LIs of MMN over all the ROIs,except the parietal area,became more negative at session 2 than those at session 1(P<0.05),but this effect was not observed in the good recovery group.Additionally,significant differences were observed in the LIs at session 2 between the two groups(P<0.05).The LI over the perisylvian area at session 2 had the highest predictive value with an area under the curve of 0.963(95%confidence interval:0.884–1.000).An LI score>-0.36 over the perisylvian area suggested good recovery,but a score<-0.36 suggested poor recovery.The LI cut-off value of-0.36 had the highest sensitivity(90.0%)and specificity(87.5%)for predicting a good language outcome at 3 months post-stroke.Conclusion:LIs of MMN amplitudes at approximately 2 weeks post left-hemisphere stroke serve as more sensitive predictors of language outcome,among which the LI over the perisylvian area exhibits the best predictive value.
文摘A metamaterial model that possesses simultaneously negative effective mass density and negative effective Young’s modulus is proposed in this study.Dispersion curves and dynamic responses of the model are investigated.In the double negative frequency region,it is demonstrated that the phase velocity is negative.In addition,it was found that the band gap region of the metamaterial can be predicted accurately by taking parts of single-unit cell to analyze the steady-state response.The design is also fabricated by a 3D printer.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Event-related potentials were measured in 12 healthy youth subjects aged 19-22 using the paradigm 'cross-modal and delayed response' which is able to improve unattended purity and to avoid the effect of task target on the deviant components of ERP. The experiment included two conditions: (i) Attend visual modality, ignore auditory modality; (ii) attend auditory modality, ignore visual modality. The stimuli under the two conditions were the same. The difference wave was obtained by subtracting ERPs of the standard stimuli from that of the deviant stim-uli. The present results showed that mismatch negativity (MMN), N2b and P3 components can be produced in the auditory and visual modalities under attention condition. However, only MMN was observed in the two modalities un-der inattention condition. Auditory and visual MMN have some features in common: their largest MMN wave peaks were distributed respectively over their primary sensory projection areas of the scalp under attention condition, but over fronto-central scalp under inattention condition. There was no significant difference between the amplitudes of visual and auditory MMN. Their amplitudes and the scalp distribution were unaffected by attention, thus suggesting that MMN amplitude is an important index reflecting automatic processing in the brain. However, the latency of the audi-tory and visual MMN were affected by attention, showing that MMN not only reflects automatic processing but also probably relates to control processing.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171208)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(23JRRA1355)。
文摘ZrCoRE(RE denotes rare earth elements)non-evaporable getter films have significant applications in vacuum packaging of micro-electro mechanical system devices because of their excellent gas adsorption performance,low activation temperature and environmental friendliness.The films were deposited using DC magnetron sputtering with argon and krypton gases under various deposition pressures.The effects of sputtering gas type and pressure on the morphology and hydrogen adsorption performance of ZrCoRE films were investigated.Results show that the films prepared in Ar exhibit a relatively dense structure with fewer grain boundaries.The increase in Ar pressure results in more grain boundaries and gap structures in the films.In contrast,films deposited in Kr display a higher density of grain boundaries and cluster structures,and the films have an obvious columnar crystal structure,with numerous interfaces and gaps distributed between the columnar structures,providing more paths for gas diffusion.As Kr pressure increases,the film demonstrates more pronounced continuous columnar structure growth,accompanied by deeper and wider grain boundaries.This structural configuration provides a larger specific surface area,which significantly improves the hydrogen adsorption speed and capacity.Consequently,high Ar and Kr pressures are beneficial to improve the adsorption performance.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fundation(Grant No.21BTJ040)the Project of Outstanding Young People in University of Anhui Province(Grant Nos.2023AH020037,SLXY2024A001).
文摘In this paper,by utilizing the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal-type inequality of negatively superadditive dependent(NSD)random arrays and truncated method,we investigate the complete f-moment convergence of NSD random variables.We establish and improve a general result on the complete f-moment convergence for Sung’s type randomly weighted sums of NSD random variables under some general assumptions.As an application,we show the complete consistency for the randomly weighted estimator in a nonparametric regression model based on NSD errors.
