Preserving Tibet’s unique history and cultural heritage relies on the sustainability of the Tibetan croplands,which are characterized by highland barley,the only cereal crop cultivated over 4000 m above sea level.Yet...Preserving Tibet’s unique history and cultural heritage relies on the sustainability of the Tibetan croplands,which are characterized by highland barley,the only cereal crop cultivated over 4000 m above sea level.Yet it is unknown how these croplands will respond to climate change.Here,using yield statistics from 1985 to 2015,we found that the impact of temperature anomalies on the Tibetan crop yield shifted from nonsignificant(P>0.10)in the 1980s and 1990s to significantly negative(P<0.05)in recent years.Meanwhile,the apparent sensitivity of the crop yield to temperature anomalies almost doubled,from(–0.13±0.20)to(–0.22±0.14)t·ha^(-1)℃^(–1).The emerging negative impacts of higher temperatures suggest an increasing vulnerability of Tibetan croplands to warmer climate.With global warming scenarios of+1.5 or+2.0℃above the pre-industry level,the temperature sensitivities of crop yield may further increase to(–0.33±0.10)and(–0.51±0.18)t·ha^(-1)℃^(–1),respectively,making the crops 2–3 times more vulnerable to warmer temperatures than they are today.展开更多
As one of the world well-known high-stakes tests, CET-4 （College English Test Band 4） changed from being generally accepted to being widely questioned in the past 25 years. In spite of a series of reforms of CET-4, ...As one of the world well-known high-stakes tests, CET-4 （College English Test Band 4） changed from being generally accepted to being widely questioned in the past 25 years. In spite of a series of reforms of CET-4, the negative impact of CET-4 remains intense. Three main reasons are probed into here. Firstly, the objective of CET-4 is ambiguous. Secondly, the test objective does not accord with teaching objective. Finally, test contents do not match well with the practical language use. To improve the present passive state of CET-4, some suggestions are given.展开更多
This article aims to give the reader an overview of the development of nature tourism and its importance for the sustainability of rural and natural areas involving special protection. Once you have seen the end of ma...This article aims to give the reader an overview of the development of nature tourism and its importance for the sustainability of rural and natural areas involving special protection. Once you have seen the end of mass tourism, tourism demand is much more heterogeneous and attends a difference of purposes for which such demand is diversified, representing a particularly important tourism and leisure activities that take place now in natural areas, thus giving rise to different types of leisure and tourism, such as Rural tourism, Ecotourism, Agrotourism, Nature and Adventures tourism, Sports tourism in natural areas, etc. What is important for the sustainability of these areas, that are subject to this type of tourism is getting some positive impacts maintaining sustainability and combating the negative impact, that such activities may have on certain protected areas or special conservation. From this point of view, we believe it is important to develop responsible tourism and committed to environmental conservation and for that the local population must be trained in order to achieve development of the territory without the activities that are the fruit of these typologies tourism and leisure pose a danger. Also, the tourist population must be more aware about what constitutes such practices of leisure and tourism for conservation of the environment and, at the same time, the development of the most depressed areas.展开更多
Extraction of mineral resources is the backbone of the national economy in many developed and developing countries of the world. However, the exploitation can have many negative impacts on the immediate environment of...Extraction of mineral resources is the backbone of the national economy in many developed and developing countries of the world. However, the exploitation can have many negative impacts on the immediate environment of the exploitation sites. In this study performed on some mining areas of the Moroccan Anti-Atlas, four principal negative effects were detected: effect on the physiognomy, on safety, on health, and on recovery rate. The principal source of this situation is the exploitation of the ore deposits from top to bottom without using any geological preparation and the use of non-adapted exploitation technics. To minimize these impacts, we propose to establish a geological study and advanced mining exploration before starting exploitation, and follow an exploitation technic well adapted to the morphology of the ore deposit like cut-and-fill mining and sublevel stoping methods.展开更多
Parents and children describe how online gaming has strained family ties amid a generational communication gap many find hard to bridge."I work hard,I never bow down to other people and I've never done anythi...Parents and children describe how online gaming has strained family ties amid a generational communication gap many find hard to bridge."I work hard,I never bow down to other people and I've never done anything bad,but my son is dis-appointing.Online games have harmed my family too much,"Zhu Qin told NewsChina after he finished his shift at a construction site in Huzhou,Zheji-ang Province.展开更多
Many potentially harmful reactive species are either present in nonaqueous rechargeable batteries or generated during their operation,with very negative effects on battery performance and/or safety.Scavenging material...Many potentially harmful reactive species are either present in nonaqueous rechargeable batteries or generated during their operation,with very negative effects on battery performance and/or safety.Scavenging materials have emerged as game changers,capable of directly eliminating and reducing the negative impact rendered by detrimental reactive species and thereby significantly improving battery performance and/or safety.This discussion introduces the origin of harmful species such as water and hydrofluoric acid,phosphorus pentafluoride,metal dendrites,combustion free radicals,active oxygen species and free radicals,as well as gaseous side products,and their adverse effects on battery performance and/or safety.We then describe and discuss scavenging materials having various structural characteristics and reaction chemistries with detrimental reactive species,as well as their positive role on battery performance and/or safety with respect to prominent nonaqueous rechargeable batteries,including lithium,sodium,zinc,and magnesium batteries.In addition,we outline the limitations of scavenging materials and the analysis techniques used in scavenging chemistry.The paper closes by offering perspectives on future development directions for scavenging chemistries in the realm of nonaqueous rechargeable battery applications.This comprehensive discussion will help to stimulate further advancements in novel scavenging materials for use in nonaqueous rechargeable battery applications.展开更多
Invasive alien species are a major driver of biodiversity loss.Currently,the process of biological invasions is experiencing a constant acceleration,foreshadowing a future increase in the threat posed by invasive alie...Invasive alien species are a major driver of biodiversity loss.Currently,the process of biological invasions is experiencing a constant acceleration,foreshadowing a future increase in the threat posed by invasive alien species to global biodiversity.Therefore,it is necessary to assess the impact risks of invasive alien species and related factors.Here,we constructed a dataset of negative environmental impact events to evaluate the impact risks of alien species.We collected information on 1071 established alien terrestrial vertebrates and then gathered negative environmental impacts for 108 of those species.Generalized linear mixed-effects model and phylogenetic generalized least-squares regression model were used to examine the characteristic(including life-history traits,characteristics related to distribution,and introduction event characteristics)correlates of species’impact risks at the global scale for 108 established alien terrestrial vertebrates(mammals,birds,reptiles and amphibians).Our results showed that a total of 3158 negative environmental impacts were reported for 108 harmful species across 71 countries worldwide.Factors associated with impact risks varied slightly among taxa,but alien range size,habitat breadth,origin location,and domestication were significantly correlated with impact risks.Our study aims to identify the characteristics of alien species with high-impact risks to facilitate urgent assessment of alien species and to protect the local ecological environment and biodiversity.展开更多
基金the Second Tibetan Plateau Scien-tific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China project Basic Science Center for Tibetan Plateau Earth System(41988101).
文摘Preserving Tibet’s unique history and cultural heritage relies on the sustainability of the Tibetan croplands,which are characterized by highland barley,the only cereal crop cultivated over 4000 m above sea level.Yet it is unknown how these croplands will respond to climate change.Here,using yield statistics from 1985 to 2015,we found that the impact of temperature anomalies on the Tibetan crop yield shifted from nonsignificant(P>0.10)in the 1980s and 1990s to significantly negative(P<0.05)in recent years.Meanwhile,the apparent sensitivity of the crop yield to temperature anomalies almost doubled,from(–0.13±0.20)to(–0.22±0.14)t·ha^(-1)℃^(–1).The emerging negative impacts of higher temperatures suggest an increasing vulnerability of Tibetan croplands to warmer climate.With global warming scenarios of+1.5 or+2.0℃above the pre-industry level,the temperature sensitivities of crop yield may further increase to(–0.33±0.10)and(–0.51±0.18)t·ha^(-1)℃^(–1),respectively,making the crops 2–3 times more vulnerable to warmer temperatures than they are today.
文摘As one of the world well-known high-stakes tests, CET-4 （College English Test Band 4） changed from being generally accepted to being widely questioned in the past 25 years. In spite of a series of reforms of CET-4, the negative impact of CET-4 remains intense. Three main reasons are probed into here. Firstly, the objective of CET-4 is ambiguous. Secondly, the test objective does not accord with teaching objective. Finally, test contents do not match well with the practical language use. To improve the present passive state of CET-4, some suggestions are given.
文摘This article aims to give the reader an overview of the development of nature tourism and its importance for the sustainability of rural and natural areas involving special protection. Once you have seen the end of mass tourism, tourism demand is much more heterogeneous and attends a difference of purposes for which such demand is diversified, representing a particularly important tourism and leisure activities that take place now in natural areas, thus giving rise to different types of leisure and tourism, such as Rural tourism, Ecotourism, Agrotourism, Nature and Adventures tourism, Sports tourism in natural areas, etc. What is important for the sustainability of these areas, that are subject to this type of tourism is getting some positive impacts maintaining sustainability and combating the negative impact, that such activities may have on certain protected areas or special conservation. From this point of view, we believe it is important to develop responsible tourism and committed to environmental conservation and for that the local population must be trained in order to achieve development of the territory without the activities that are the fruit of these typologies tourism and leisure pose a danger. Also, the tourist population must be more aware about what constitutes such practices of leisure and tourism for conservation of the environment and, at the same time, the development of the most depressed areas.
文摘Extraction of mineral resources is the backbone of the national economy in many developed and developing countries of the world. However, the exploitation can have many negative impacts on the immediate environment of the exploitation sites. In this study performed on some mining areas of the Moroccan Anti-Atlas, four principal negative effects were detected: effect on the physiognomy, on safety, on health, and on recovery rate. The principal source of this situation is the exploitation of the ore deposits from top to bottom without using any geological preparation and the use of non-adapted exploitation technics. To minimize these impacts, we propose to establish a geological study and advanced mining exploration before starting exploitation, and follow an exploitation technic well adapted to the morphology of the ore deposit like cut-and-fill mining and sublevel stoping methods.
文摘Parents and children describe how online gaming has strained family ties amid a generational communication gap many find hard to bridge."I work hard,I never bow down to other people and I've never done anything bad,but my son is dis-appointing.Online games have harmed my family too much,"Zhu Qin told NewsChina after he finished his shift at a construction site in Huzhou,Zheji-ang Province.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2800200)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong(No.2023CXGC010302)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279153,52072195,22479154)the International Science and Technology Assistance Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.KY202001016)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Magnitude Fundamental Research,China(No.ZR2022ZD11)Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Open Project(Grant:QNESL OP202312)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(E31Z3F04)the Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province(No.2024000118)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024 M753350).
文摘Many potentially harmful reactive species are either present in nonaqueous rechargeable batteries or generated during their operation,with very negative effects on battery performance and/or safety.Scavenging materials have emerged as game changers,capable of directly eliminating and reducing the negative impact rendered by detrimental reactive species and thereby significantly improving battery performance and/or safety.This discussion introduces the origin of harmful species such as water and hydrofluoric acid,phosphorus pentafluoride,metal dendrites,combustion free radicals,active oxygen species and free radicals,as well as gaseous side products,and their adverse effects on battery performance and/or safety.We then describe and discuss scavenging materials having various structural characteristics and reaction chemistries with detrimental reactive species,as well as their positive role on battery performance and/or safety with respect to prominent nonaqueous rechargeable batteries,including lithium,sodium,zinc,and magnesium batteries.In addition,we outline the limitations of scavenging materials and the analysis techniques used in scavenging chemistry.The paper closes by offering perspectives on future development directions for scavenging chemistries in the realm of nonaqueous rechargeable battery applications.This comprehensive discussion will help to stimulate further advancements in novel scavenging materials for use in nonaqueous rechargeable battery applications.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China(32030070)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(2019QZKK0501)+3 种基金the High-Level Talents Research Start-Up Project of Hebei University(050001-521100222045)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(C2022201042)the Project of Background Resources Survey in Shennongjia National Park(SNJNP2022001)the Open Project Fund of Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory on Conservation Biology of the Shennongjia Golden Snub-nosed Monkey(SNJGKL2022001).
文摘Invasive alien species are a major driver of biodiversity loss.Currently,the process of biological invasions is experiencing a constant acceleration,foreshadowing a future increase in the threat posed by invasive alien species to global biodiversity.Therefore,it is necessary to assess the impact risks of invasive alien species and related factors.Here,we constructed a dataset of negative environmental impact events to evaluate the impact risks of alien species.We collected information on 1071 established alien terrestrial vertebrates and then gathered negative environmental impacts for 108 of those species.Generalized linear mixed-effects model and phylogenetic generalized least-squares regression model were used to examine the characteristic(including life-history traits,characteristics related to distribution,and introduction event characteristics)correlates of species’impact risks at the global scale for 108 established alien terrestrial vertebrates(mammals,birds,reptiles and amphibians).Our results showed that a total of 3158 negative environmental impacts were reported for 108 harmful species across 71 countries worldwide.Factors associated with impact risks varied slightly among taxa,but alien range size,habitat breadth,origin location,and domestication were significantly correlated with impact risks.Our study aims to identify the characteristics of alien species with high-impact risks to facilitate urgent assessment of alien species and to protect the local ecological environment and biodiversity.
