OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a mor...OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.METHODS:From March 2021 to July 2021,a multicenter,triple-blind,randomized 2×2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within China's mainland.The trial participants were patients diagnosed with AO.The trial followed a 1∶1∶1∶1 random allocation ratio,assigning participants to one of four groups:QYY placebo plus simulated press needles(SPN)(placebo+SPN),QYY plus SPN(QYY+SPN),QYY placebo plus PN(placebo+PN),and QYY plus PN(QYY+PN).The trial participants received treatment for 12 weeks.Observe the changes in waist circumference,body weight,body mass index(BMI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scores,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after treatment.RESULTS:The QYY+PN group exhibited significant improvements in waist circumference compared to placebo+PN[Difference=-1.59,95%CI(-3.03,-0.16)]and placebo+SPN groups[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)].QYY+PN demonstrated a significant advantage over placebo+SPN[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)],and no statistically significant interaction was observed between the two interventions(P>0.05).In terms of weight and BMI improvements,the QYY+PN,QYY+SPN,and the PN+placebo groups all experienced trending greater reductions in weight compared to the placebo group.In terms of the total scores of PSQI,BAI,and BDI,all four groups exhibited improvements compared to the baseline.Specifically,concerning the change in total PSQI scores,the QYY+PN group exhibited a greater reduction;Regarding the change in total BAI scores,the PN+placebo group demonstrated a greater decrease;As for the change in total BDI scores,the QYY+SPN group displayed a greater reduction.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that QYY+PN can effectively reduce the waist circumference of patients with AO.Furthermore,the combined approach offers greater benefits than either treatment alone,all without any reported serious adverse events.展开更多
In the early 20th century,French vice-consul George Souliéde Morant encountered acupuncture during his visit to China,and then brought it back to France.After more than a century,his collection was transported fr...In the early 20th century,French vice-consul George Souliéde Morant encountered acupuncture during his visit to China,and then brought it back to France.After more than a century,his collection was transported from Paris,France to Kunming,China,and later recognized as a Chinese national third-class precious cultural heritage.Currently housed in the Museum of Western Studies on Chinese Medicine at Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,this set of instruments includes one needle holder converted from a fan-shaped holder,ten acupuncture needles,and eleven paper tags handwritten in English with names of diseases and body parts.This article attempts to present the foundational information and historical significance of this collection of this set of late Qing dynasty acupuncture instruments by reviewing the collection and related research on acupuncture instruments,consulting acupuncture professionals,measuring the detailed information of the set of instruments,and employing a method of translating and summarizing the content of the attached tags.展开更多
Oral formulations are always preferred to injections due to the advantages of high patient compliance,no biohazardous needle waste,and low requirements for administration skills.However,the presence of multiple gastro...Oral formulations are always preferred to injections due to the advantages of high patient compliance,no biohazardous needle waste,and low requirements for administration skills.However,the presence of multiple gastrointestinal(GI)barriers,including extreme gastric acidity and a broad pH gradient,digestive enzymes,thick and variable mucus layers,and tight junctions in the enteric epithelia,restricts the rate and extent of oral absorption.Only active ingredients with favorable physicochemical properties.展开更多
[Objectives]To study the antibacterial effects of extracts from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles.[Methods]In this experiment,the components from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles were extracted by systematic solvent extracti...[Objectives]To study the antibacterial effects of extracts from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles.[Methods]In this experiment,the components from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles were extracted by systematic solvent extraction method,and the antibacterial activity against four common bacteria,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Aspergillus flavus and the antibacterial active component were examined for by punch method.[Results]Different solvent extraction rate was different,the rates of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,water extracts were 4.2%,16.7%,17.4%,21.1%,40.6%.All extracts showed inhibitory effect against test bacteria.It was observed that the inhibition of G+was stronger than G-,and the extracts had the best antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus while the weakest to Aspergillus flavus.The antibacterial activity of the components decreased in the order:ethyl acetate extract>n-butanol extract>chloroform extract>petroleum ether extract>aqueous phase.The extracts were stable under ultraviolet radiation(UV)light and long term storage.The antibacterial activity of the extracts was weaker with the increase of pH value when the pH value≤8.[Conclusions]It is inferred that the antibacterial components in the extract of Pinus massoniana needles are widely distributed,and the components with medium polarity or above are the main antibacterial components.展开更多
The diversity of metabolites produced in fermented pine needles at different stages of fermentation has rarely been investigated.In the present study,untargeted metabolomic analysis using GC-MS and LC-MS was performed...The diversity of metabolites produced in fermented pine needles at different stages of fermentation has rarely been investigated.In the present study,untargeted metabolomic analysis using GC-MS and LC-MS was performed to detect metabolites in fermented pine needles at different fermentation stages.A total of 30 samples of pine needles fermented first with yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)and then with a mixed bacterial culture of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 and Bifidobacterium Breve M16V,were used to detect differential metabolites at different stages of fermentation.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine correlations between metabolites and key microbial communities.A total of 708 differential metabolites(430 from LC-MS and 278 from GC-MS analysis)were identified.The PCA and OPLS-DA revealed distinct differences between metabolites at different fermentation stages.Key differential metabolites identified through GC-MS analysis included;Phosphoric acid,D-Fructose,2-O-alpha-mannosyl-D-glycerate,1,3-dihydroxyacetone dimer,Galactosylglycerol,2-Isopropylmalic acid,alpha-D-Galactose,Citrate,4-Hydroxycinnamic acid,and Shikimate.Similarly,key differential metabolites identified through LC-MS included;2-Phenlyethanol,Dimethlglycine,2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde,3-Aminoisobutanoic acid,p-Cresol,Triethylamine,2-Ketobutyric acid,Cytosine,Benzaldehyde,and Creatinine.Annotation of differential metabolites to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the association of these metabolites with phenylpropanoid,flavonoid,and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.Furthermore,the results showed that three bacterial(Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,and Lactobacillus)and three fungal genera(Penicillium,Candida,and Basidiomycota)significantly correlated with differential metabolites showing synergistic effects.Our study reveals a comprehensive comparison of metabolites at different fermentation stages and provides practical insights into the mechanism of metabolite enrichment in fermented pine needles.展开更多
PART TWOThe Research on Chinese Huai TangNine Acupuncture Needles TherapyI The theoretical basis of ChineseHuai Tang Nine Needles Therapy.1) The kernel of the theoretical basis ofChinese Huai Tang Nine Needles Therapy...PART TWOThe Research on Chinese Huai TangNine Acupuncture Needles TherapyI The theoretical basis of ChineseHuai Tang Nine Needles Therapy.1) The kernel of the theoretical basis ofChinese Huai Tang Nine Needles Therapy.Chinese Huai Tang Nine Needles Therapyis to give full play to the treatment action of thespecifity and entirety of each needle. The speci-fity means that each needle has its own展开更多
Objective To explore the effectiveness of treating postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid by embedding needles in Erbai （二白EX-UE 2） and find possible ways for relieving postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoids. Met...Objective To explore the effectiveness of treating postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid by embedding needles in Erbai （二白EX-UE 2） and find possible ways for relieving postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods press needle （SEIRIN pyonexes） were embedded in EX-UE 2 of patients with postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid, once a day and totally 7 treatments. Visual analogue scale （VAS） values were adopted for evaluation. Results Complete remission of clinical pain was observed in 34 cases, accounting for 50.00%; significantly effective in 19 cases, accounting for 27.94%; effective in 13 cases, accounting for 19.12%; and ineffective in 2 cases, accounting for 2.94%; the total effective rate was 97.06%. Conclusion The therapy of treating postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid by embedding press needle in EX-UE2 is effectively satisfactory.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of pricking needling by filiform needles in trea ng pediatric func onal dyspepsia. Methods Pricking needling was carried out on the 65 children with func onal dyspepsia on Sh...Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of pricking needling by filiform needles in trea ng pediatric func onal dyspepsia. Methods Pricking needling was carried out on the 65 children with func onal dyspepsia on Shàngwǎn（上脘 CV 13）,Zhōngwǎn（中脘 CV 12）,Xiàwǎn（下脘 CV 10）,Guānyuán（关元 CV 4）,Tiānshū（天枢 ST 25） at both sides,Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36） at both sides and Sìfèng（四缝 EX-UE 10）. The treatments were carried out once every three days for totally three times,and the clinical efficacy was observed. Results Fiftyeight cases were cured,eff ec ve in 7 cases and no invalid case; the cure rate was 89.2% and the total eff ec ve rate was 100%. Conclusion Treatments on pediatric functional dyspepsia by pricking needling with filiform needles are simple and convenient,the therapeutic efficacy is accurate,and it deserves further generaliza on.展开更多
[Objective] Taking Pinus sylvestris needles as materials, a set of test con-ditions suitable for the preparation of paraffin sections of Pinus sylvestris needles was determined. [Method] Based on the traditional metho...[Objective] Taking Pinus sylvestris needles as materials, a set of test con-ditions suitable for the preparation of paraffin sections of Pinus sylvestris needles was determined. [Method] Based on the traditional method for paraffin sections preparation, steps including fixation, dehydration, adhering to slides and staining were investigated taking the structural characteristics of pine needles into considera-tion. [Result] 70% ethanol was used in the FAA fixative; before affixed on slides, the cut sections were first expanded in a 40 ℃ water bath and taken out by using Su-perfrost Plus slides, fol owed by drying in a 35 ℃ oven for 24 h; pine needles were cut into 8 μm thick sections; staining was achieved by immersion in eosin for 5 min and in hematoxylin for 1 min. [Conclusion] The conditions obtained above can en-hance the effect of fixation and dehydration; adhering to slides is easy to operate and the sections are not easy to drop; the dyeing effect is relatively preferable.展开更多
Objective To observe the effect of three vertigo-stopping needles on the contents of neuropeptide Y （NPY）, endothelin （ET） and calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） in plasma of patients with cervical vertigo, ...Objective To observe the effect of three vertigo-stopping needles on the contents of neuropeptide Y （NPY）, endothelin （ET） and calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） in plasma of patients with cervical vertigo, and to explore its mechanism of treatment. Methods One hundred and eighty patients with cervical vertigo were divided into group A [acupuncture at R6nyfng （人迎ST 9） and Fengchi （风池 GB 20）, and frontal line], group B [acupuncture at Jing jiaji （颈夹脊）, GB 20 and Baihui （百会 GV 20）] and group C [intravenous infusion with ligustrazine and oral administration with flunarizine] according to simple randomization, with 60 cases in each group. For the patients in group A and group B, the treatment was conducted once a day, and ten times were considered as one course of treatment. Two days were free of treatment between two courses, and two courses were needed. For the patients in group C, the treatment was conducted for fifteen days. The contents of NPY, ET and CGRP in plasma before and after treatment were detected in patients with cervical vertigo. Results The contents of NPY in plasma of patients in the three groups after treatment were markedly lower than that before treatment （all P〈0.01）, and the differences were not statistically significant when compared the descending degrees among three groups （P〉0.05）. The contents of ET in plasma of patients in the three groups after treatment were markedly lower than that before treatment （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）, the descending degree in group A was greater than that in group B and group C, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.O1, P〈O.05）; while the difference was not statistically significant when compared the descending degrees between group B and group C （P〉0.05）. The contents of CGRP in plasma of patients in the three groups after treatment were markedly higher than that before treatment （P〈0.05, P〈O.O1）, the increasing degree in group A was greater than that in group B and group C, and the difference was statistically significant （both P〈0.05）; while the difference was not statistically significant when compared the increasing degrees between group B and group C （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Three vertigo-stopping needles, acupuncture and medication can regulate the contents of NPY, ET and CGRP in plasma of patients with cervical vertigo, while three vertigo-stopping needles is significantly superior to acupuncture and medication in reducing ET and increasing CGRP.展开更多
Ultrasonic extraction conditions of polyphenols from the needles of black pine(Pinus thunbergii) were optimized by single factors analysis and Box-Behnken experiment design. The results showed that both of ethanol con...Ultrasonic extraction conditions of polyphenols from the needles of black pine(Pinus thunbergii) were optimized by single factors analysis and Box-Behnken experiment design. The results showed that both of ethanol concentration and ultrasonic time had a significant effect on polyphenol extraction, and there was significant interaction between any two variables in the three parameters of ethanol concentration, ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic time. The optimal parameters for polyphenol extraction were the ethanol concentration of 52.67%, ultrasonic temperature at 49.21 ℃and ultrasonic time of 30.76 min. Under these conditions, the actual content of polyphenols was close to the predicted value. Therefore, the process can be used to extract polyphenols from black pine needles.展开更多
In recent years, Xing＇an larch （Larix gmelinii） has been seriously infected by pests and drought. In order to improve the accuracy of monitoring the damage to larch by remote sensing （RS） and to predict the healt...In recent years, Xing＇an larch （Larix gmelinii） has been seriously infected by pests and drought. In order to improve the accuracy of monitoring the damage to larch by remote sensing （RS） and to predict the health of the larch, We studied fire reflectance features of larch needles under different water conditions at the needle level by using the LIBERTY （Leaf Incorporating Biochemistry Exhibiting Reflectance and Transmittance Yields） model. Before applying the LIBERTY model, we recalibrated it for the needles of L. gmelinii based on ten field-measured spectral curves. After recalibration, LIBERTY can accurately model the needle reflectance spectra of L. gmelinii. Based on the recalibrated LIBERTY model, we extracted and analyzed the sensitive bands to needle water content by simulating the needle reflectance spectra under different drought conditions. Then, we established mathematical equations between the spectral indices （MSI, NDWI, and GVMI） and needle water content. Results show that the variations of larch needle water content can significantly change the needle spectra at the near-infrared and short-wave infrared bands. The higher the water content is, the higher the absorption peak is. We believe that our study will provide the theoretical basis and an optional method to investigate the forest water stress using multi-spectral or hyper-spectral remote sensing data.展开更多
Up to now, chemical synthesis routes only provide restricted opportunities for the formation of structured nano particles. In contrast, living microorganisms generate nano materials of well defined shapes by the preci...Up to now, chemical synthesis routes only provide restricted opportunities for the formation of structured nano particles. In contrast, living microorganisms generate nano materials of well defined shapes by the precise control of biomineralization. Here we reveal new principles for the generation of functional nano materials through the process of biomineralization. We used the detoxification mechanism of the unicellular alga Scenedesmus obliquus to generate a techno logically interesting zinc-phosphate-based nano material. The algae were incubated in media with a sublethal zinc concentration (6.53 mg Zn dm-3) for 4 weeks. Using BF-and ADF-STEM imaging combined with analytical XEDS we could show that nano needles containing phosphorus and zinc were formed inside the living cells. Further more, the cells incubated with zinc show a strong fluorescence. Our findings indicate that the algae used polyphosphate bodies for detoxification of the zinc ions, leading to the generation of intracellular zinc-phosphate-based nano needles. Beside the technological application of this material, the fluorescent cells can be used for labeling of e.g. biological probes. This new experimental protocol for the production of an inorganic functional material can be applied also for other substances.展开更多
In recent years, the author have treated 47 cases of ischemic apoplexy-induced sequelae with long needles to perform penetrating puncture, and achieved satisfactory results as reported in the following.
Acupuncture as a vital component of traditional medical systems of the Far East has been used to restore and maintain health for over three millennia. However, the neurobiological correlates of this therapy remain lar...Acupuncture as a vital component of traditional medical systems of the Far East has been used to restore and maintain health for over three millennia. However, the neurobiological correlates of this therapy remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the effect of enpishin acupuncture (press tack needles (PTN)) on autonomic function, WBC count, and oxidative stress between subjects that received either verum or placebo PTN treatment. Twenty men (mean(SD) age: 36.7(5.1) years) who provided oral consent were randomized to receive either verum PTN (n = 9) or placebo PTN (n = 11). Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) was used to select the acupoints for each participant. Autonomic function and oxidative stress level were analyzed before and after the treatment via heart rate variability (HRV) and free radical analysis system (FRAS4), respectively. Pre- and post-treatment WBC count was also evaluated. Verum PTN group had a statistically significant increase (p = 0.008) in Ln TP, an index of overall autonomic activity. Subjects in this group also had a significantly greater (p = 0.006) variation in Ln TP than the placebo PTN group in response to the treatment. Similarly, Ln HF of subjects receiving verum PTN showed a marked increase (p = 0.0026) after the treatment. Moreover, a significantly greater (p < 0.001) variation in mean Ln HF before and after the treatment was noted in the verum group than the placebo group, reflecting a greater parasympathetic activation in the former. In contrast, sympathetic activity was not significantly influenced by verum PTN based on the lack of observed changes in LF/HF ratio. In addition, both groups failed to demonstrate significant variations in pre- and post-treatment mean Ln LF/HF ratio. Further, no significant intergroup difference was found with regard to mean variation in Ln LF/HF ratio. Verum PTN did not induce significant changes in WBC count and markers of oxidative stress, namely reactive oxygen species (ROM) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP). However, a comparison of variations in pre- and post-treatment mean WBC count showed a significant difference (p = 0.020) between the two treatment modes: verum group showed a slight increase (225 ± 384.5), while placebo group showed a minimal decrease (–190 ± 272.6). Our findings suggest that PTN increases overall autonomic activity, particularly the parasympathetic function.展开更多
Purpose of the Study: To understand the reasons for charm needle insertions, chemical constituents of charm needles and their significance to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Confidential interviews ...Purpose of the Study: To understand the reasons for charm needle insertions, chemical constituents of charm needles and their significance to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Confidential interviews were used to collect information from charm needle wearers. Two attempts at surgical removal of charm needles were carried out. Charm needle samples were chemically analyzed using EPMA method. A review of literature on the possible complications of charm needles in relation to MRI was made. Results: Patients had varied reasons for wearing charm needles including to be physically attractive, to overcome personal problems and for protection. Charm needles were made of gold alloy consisting of gold (85.2%-88.6%), copper (9.3%-10.8%) and trace elements of aluminium and silver. As such, MRI may not be a hazard to charm needle wearers given the fact that gold is non-ferromagnetic. However, artefacts may potentially distort the MR imaging. Conclusion: A tactful manner in handling these patients may be to ignore the needles unless a clinical need warrants intervention. The surgical removal of these needles may be a straightforward procedure, but the localization is usually a challenging task. At present, the pertinent literature does not contain carefully controlled studies that demonstrate the absolute safety of charm needle exposure to powerful magnetic fields.展开更多
Objectives: To evaluate quantitatively deformation of the angle of the horizontal plane of the bevel tip in new dental needles and in dental needles used in clinical procedures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional...Objectives: To evaluate quantitatively deformation of the angle of the horizontal plane of the bevel tip in new dental needles and in dental needles used in clinical procedures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 360 dental needles from four different manufacturers. The needles were divided into four groups (90 per group): Group 1, Monoject;Group 2, DLP;Group 3, Badiject, and Group 4, Zeyco. The new and used needles were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy to evaluate quantitatively the deformation on the bevel. Results: All groups showed a significantly statistical difference between new needles and needles used for one or two injections展开更多
The interphase mass,heat transfer efficiency,and flow resistance are strongly dependent on bubble size in gas-liquid two-phase systems,so it is very important for engineering applications to effectively control bubble...The interphase mass,heat transfer efficiency,and flow resistance are strongly dependent on bubble size in gas-liquid two-phase systems,so it is very important for engineering applications to effectively control bubble size.In this paper,the formation,growth,and detachment of single bubbles in Newtonian liquids based on capillary needles were studied in detail using a volume of fluid method.The authors investigated the effects of gas injection velocity,gravitational level,surface tension coefficient,needle radius,and liquid-phase properties(liquid viscosity and density)on the process of bubble generation,and the effects of the above factors on bubble shape,detachment diameter,and time were analyzed.The results show that an increase in gas injection rate,liquid-phase viscosity,needle radius,and surface tension coefficient can lead to an increase in bubble detachment diameter;however,an increase in liquid-phase density and gravitational level can lead to a decrease in bubble detachment diameter.It is found that the effect of the liquid-phase viscosity on bubble detachment diameter and time is slight,but the effect of gravitational level on detachment diameter and time is significant.Among all the forces,buoyancy,surface tension,and pressure are the most important ones that control the generation of bubbles.展开更多
A new taxoid with 5/716 taxane skeleton, named taxamedin A (1) was isolated from the needles of Taxus x media Hicksii. Its structure was elucidated by spectal analysis
基金National Key Research and Development Project:Clinical Evaluation of the Interventional Techniques for Abdominal Obesity(No.2019YFC1710102)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.METHODS:From March 2021 to July 2021,a multicenter,triple-blind,randomized 2×2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within China's mainland.The trial participants were patients diagnosed with AO.The trial followed a 1∶1∶1∶1 random allocation ratio,assigning participants to one of four groups:QYY placebo plus simulated press needles(SPN)(placebo+SPN),QYY plus SPN(QYY+SPN),QYY placebo plus PN(placebo+PN),and QYY plus PN(QYY+PN).The trial participants received treatment for 12 weeks.Observe the changes in waist circumference,body weight,body mass index(BMI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scores,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after treatment.RESULTS:The QYY+PN group exhibited significant improvements in waist circumference compared to placebo+PN[Difference=-1.59,95%CI(-3.03,-0.16)]and placebo+SPN groups[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)].QYY+PN demonstrated a significant advantage over placebo+SPN[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)],and no statistically significant interaction was observed between the two interventions(P>0.05).In terms of weight and BMI improvements,the QYY+PN,QYY+SPN,and the PN+placebo groups all experienced trending greater reductions in weight compared to the placebo group.In terms of the total scores of PSQI,BAI,and BDI,all four groups exhibited improvements compared to the baseline.Specifically,concerning the change in total PSQI scores,the QYY+PN group exhibited a greater reduction;Regarding the change in total BAI scores,the PN+placebo group demonstrated a greater decrease;As for the change in total BDI scores,the QYY+SPN group displayed a greater reduction.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that QYY+PN can effectively reduce the waist circumference of patients with AO.Furthermore,the combined approach offers greater benefits than either treatment alone,all without any reported serious adverse events.
基金financed by the grants from Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(No.2022Y377)Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project of the Ministry of Education(No.20YJCZH246)National Social Science Fund Project(No.16BXW055)。
文摘In the early 20th century,French vice-consul George Souliéde Morant encountered acupuncture during his visit to China,and then brought it back to France.After more than a century,his collection was transported from Paris,France to Kunming,China,and later recognized as a Chinese national third-class precious cultural heritage.Currently housed in the Museum of Western Studies on Chinese Medicine at Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,this set of instruments includes one needle holder converted from a fan-shaped holder,ten acupuncture needles,and eleven paper tags handwritten in English with names of diseases and body parts.This article attempts to present the foundational information and historical significance of this collection of this set of late Qing dynasty acupuncture instruments by reviewing the collection and related research on acupuncture instruments,consulting acupuncture professionals,measuring the detailed information of the set of instruments,and employing a method of translating and summarizing the content of the attached tags.
文摘Oral formulations are always preferred to injections due to the advantages of high patient compliance,no biohazardous needle waste,and low requirements for administration skills.However,the presence of multiple gastrointestinal(GI)barriers,including extreme gastric acidity and a broad pH gradient,digestive enzymes,thick and variable mucus layers,and tight junctions in the enteric epithelia,restricts the rate and extent of oral absorption.Only active ingredients with favorable physicochemical properties.
基金Supported by Zhanjiang Non-funded Science and Technology Research Plan in 2023(2023B01023)School-level Education and Teaching Reform Project of Lingnan Normal University in 2022(LingShiJiaoWu2022154).
文摘[Objectives]To study the antibacterial effects of extracts from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles.[Methods]In this experiment,the components from Pinus massoniana Lamb.needles were extracted by systematic solvent extraction method,and the antibacterial activity against four common bacteria,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,Aspergillus flavus and the antibacterial active component were examined for by punch method.[Results]Different solvent extraction rate was different,the rates of petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,water extracts were 4.2%,16.7%,17.4%,21.1%,40.6%.All extracts showed inhibitory effect against test bacteria.It was observed that the inhibition of G+was stronger than G-,and the extracts had the best antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus while the weakest to Aspergillus flavus.The antibacterial activity of the components decreased in the order:ethyl acetate extract>n-butanol extract>chloroform extract>petroleum ether extract>aqueous phase.The extracts were stable under ultraviolet radiation(UV)light and long term storage.The antibacterial activity of the extracts was weaker with the increase of pH value when the pH value≤8.[Conclusions]It is inferred that the antibacterial components in the extract of Pinus massoniana needles are widely distributed,and the components with medium polarity or above are the main antibacterial components.
基金supported by the Hunan Provincial Market Supervision and Administration Bureau Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.2020kJJH20)the Program for Food Safety Monitoring and Early Warning Open Project of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory(2020KFJJ01)the Scientific Research Project of Hunan Education Department(20C1910).
文摘The diversity of metabolites produced in fermented pine needles at different stages of fermentation has rarely been investigated.In the present study,untargeted metabolomic analysis using GC-MS and LC-MS was performed to detect metabolites in fermented pine needles at different fermentation stages.A total of 30 samples of pine needles fermented first with yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)and then with a mixed bacterial culture of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 and Bifidobacterium Breve M16V,were used to detect differential metabolites at different stages of fermentation.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine correlations between metabolites and key microbial communities.A total of 708 differential metabolites(430 from LC-MS and 278 from GC-MS analysis)were identified.The PCA and OPLS-DA revealed distinct differences between metabolites at different fermentation stages.Key differential metabolites identified through GC-MS analysis included;Phosphoric acid,D-Fructose,2-O-alpha-mannosyl-D-glycerate,1,3-dihydroxyacetone dimer,Galactosylglycerol,2-Isopropylmalic acid,alpha-D-Galactose,Citrate,4-Hydroxycinnamic acid,and Shikimate.Similarly,key differential metabolites identified through LC-MS included;2-Phenlyethanol,Dimethlglycine,2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde,3-Aminoisobutanoic acid,p-Cresol,Triethylamine,2-Ketobutyric acid,Cytosine,Benzaldehyde,and Creatinine.Annotation of differential metabolites to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the association of these metabolites with phenylpropanoid,flavonoid,and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.Furthermore,the results showed that three bacterial(Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,and Lactobacillus)and three fungal genera(Penicillium,Candida,and Basidiomycota)significantly correlated with differential metabolites showing synergistic effects.Our study reveals a comprehensive comparison of metabolites at different fermentation stages and provides practical insights into the mechanism of metabolite enrichment in fermented pine needles.
文摘PART TWOThe Research on Chinese Huai TangNine Acupuncture Needles TherapyI The theoretical basis of ChineseHuai Tang Nine Needles Therapy.1) The kernel of the theoretical basis ofChinese Huai Tang Nine Needles Therapy.Chinese Huai Tang Nine Needles Therapyis to give full play to the treatment action of thespecifity and entirety of each needle. The speci-fity means that each needle has its own
基金supported by General scientific project for institutions of higher learning in Liaoning Province:L 2014370
文摘Objective To explore the effectiveness of treating postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid by embedding needles in Erbai （二白EX-UE 2） and find possible ways for relieving postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods press needle （SEIRIN pyonexes） were embedded in EX-UE 2 of patients with postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid, once a day and totally 7 treatments. Visual analogue scale （VAS） values were adopted for evaluation. Results Complete remission of clinical pain was observed in 34 cases, accounting for 50.00%; significantly effective in 19 cases, accounting for 27.94%; effective in 13 cases, accounting for 19.12%; and ineffective in 2 cases, accounting for 2.94%; the total effective rate was 97.06%. Conclusion The therapy of treating postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoid by embedding press needle in EX-UE2 is effectively satisfactory.
文摘Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of pricking needling by filiform needles in trea ng pediatric func onal dyspepsia. Methods Pricking needling was carried out on the 65 children with func onal dyspepsia on Shàngwǎn（上脘 CV 13）,Zhōngwǎn（中脘 CV 12）,Xiàwǎn（下脘 CV 10）,Guānyuán（关元 CV 4）,Tiānshū（天枢 ST 25） at both sides,Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36） at both sides and Sìfèng（四缝 EX-UE 10）. The treatments were carried out once every three days for totally three times,and the clinical efficacy was observed. Results Fiftyeight cases were cured,eff ec ve in 7 cases and no invalid case; the cure rate was 89.2% and the total eff ec ve rate was 100%. Conclusion Treatments on pediatric functional dyspepsia by pricking needling with filiform needles are simple and convenient,the therapeutic efficacy is accurate,and it deserves further generaliza on.
基金Supported by the 2012 Innovation and Business Start-up Training Program for the National College Students of Jilin Agricultural University(2012093025)~~
文摘[Objective] Taking Pinus sylvestris needles as materials, a set of test con-ditions suitable for the preparation of paraffin sections of Pinus sylvestris needles was determined. [Method] Based on the traditional method for paraffin sections preparation, steps including fixation, dehydration, adhering to slides and staining were investigated taking the structural characteristics of pine needles into considera-tion. [Result] 70% ethanol was used in the FAA fixative; before affixed on slides, the cut sections were first expanded in a 40 ℃ water bath and taken out by using Su-perfrost Plus slides, fol owed by drying in a 35 ℃ oven for 24 h; pine needles were cut into 8 μm thick sections; staining was achieved by immersion in eosin for 5 min and in hematoxylin for 1 min. [Conclusion] The conditions obtained above can en-hance the effect of fixation and dehydration; adhering to slides is easy to operate and the sections are not easy to drop; the dyeing effect is relatively preferable.
基金Supported by:Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou ProvinceQKHLS[2012]No.049
文摘Objective To observe the effect of three vertigo-stopping needles on the contents of neuropeptide Y （NPY）, endothelin （ET） and calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） in plasma of patients with cervical vertigo, and to explore its mechanism of treatment. Methods One hundred and eighty patients with cervical vertigo were divided into group A [acupuncture at R6nyfng （人迎ST 9） and Fengchi （风池 GB 20）, and frontal line], group B [acupuncture at Jing jiaji （颈夹脊）, GB 20 and Baihui （百会 GV 20）] and group C [intravenous infusion with ligustrazine and oral administration with flunarizine] according to simple randomization, with 60 cases in each group. For the patients in group A and group B, the treatment was conducted once a day, and ten times were considered as one course of treatment. Two days were free of treatment between two courses, and two courses were needed. For the patients in group C, the treatment was conducted for fifteen days. The contents of NPY, ET and CGRP in plasma before and after treatment were detected in patients with cervical vertigo. Results The contents of NPY in plasma of patients in the three groups after treatment were markedly lower than that before treatment （all P〈0.01）, and the differences were not statistically significant when compared the descending degrees among three groups （P〉0.05）. The contents of ET in plasma of patients in the three groups after treatment were markedly lower than that before treatment （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）, the descending degree in group A was greater than that in group B and group C, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.O1, P〈O.05）; while the difference was not statistically significant when compared the descending degrees between group B and group C （P〉0.05）. The contents of CGRP in plasma of patients in the three groups after treatment were markedly higher than that before treatment （P〈0.05, P〈O.O1）, the increasing degree in group A was greater than that in group B and group C, and the difference was statistically significant （both P〈0.05）; while the difference was not statistically significant when compared the increasing degrees between group B and group C （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Three vertigo-stopping needles, acupuncture and medication can regulate the contents of NPY, ET and CGRP in plasma of patients with cervical vertigo, while three vertigo-stopping needles is significantly superior to acupuncture and medication in reducing ET and increasing CGRP.
基金Supported by the Policy Guidance Plan of Jiangsu Province(Production and Research Cooperation)(BY2016061-27)National Spark Program(2015GA690284)College Students' Practice Innovation Training Program of Jiangsu Province(201711049094X,201811049048X)
文摘Ultrasonic extraction conditions of polyphenols from the needles of black pine(Pinus thunbergii) were optimized by single factors analysis and Box-Behnken experiment design. The results showed that both of ethanol concentration and ultrasonic time had a significant effect on polyphenol extraction, and there was significant interaction between any two variables in the three parameters of ethanol concentration, ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic time. The optimal parameters for polyphenol extraction were the ethanol concentration of 52.67%, ultrasonic temperature at 49.21 ℃and ultrasonic time of 30.76 min. Under these conditions, the actual content of polyphenols was close to the predicted value. Therefore, the process can be used to extract polyphenols from black pine needles.
基金supported by the program "Biodiversity and Forest Pest Problem in Northeast China (1114201)" between Beijing Forestry University and Helsinki Universitythe Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities (PCSIRT0607)Science Foundation for the Young Scholars of Beijing Forestry University
文摘In recent years, Xing＇an larch （Larix gmelinii） has been seriously infected by pests and drought. In order to improve the accuracy of monitoring the damage to larch by remote sensing （RS） and to predict the health of the larch, We studied fire reflectance features of larch needles under different water conditions at the needle level by using the LIBERTY （Leaf Incorporating Biochemistry Exhibiting Reflectance and Transmittance Yields） model. Before applying the LIBERTY model, we recalibrated it for the needles of L. gmelinii based on ten field-measured spectral curves. After recalibration, LIBERTY can accurately model the needle reflectance spectra of L. gmelinii. Based on the recalibrated LIBERTY model, we extracted and analyzed the sensitive bands to needle water content by simulating the needle reflectance spectra under different drought conditions. Then, we established mathematical equations between the spectral indices （MSI, NDWI, and GVMI） and needle water content. Results show that the variations of larch needle water content can significantly change the needle spectra at the near-infrared and short-wave infrared bands. The higher the water content is, the higher the absorption peak is. We believe that our study will provide the theoretical basis and an optional method to investigate the forest water stress using multi-spectral or hyper-spectral remote sensing data.
文摘Up to now, chemical synthesis routes only provide restricted opportunities for the formation of structured nano particles. In contrast, living microorganisms generate nano materials of well defined shapes by the precise control of biomineralization. Here we reveal new principles for the generation of functional nano materials through the process of biomineralization. We used the detoxification mechanism of the unicellular alga Scenedesmus obliquus to generate a techno logically interesting zinc-phosphate-based nano material. The algae were incubated in media with a sublethal zinc concentration (6.53 mg Zn dm-3) for 4 weeks. Using BF-and ADF-STEM imaging combined with analytical XEDS we could show that nano needles containing phosphorus and zinc were formed inside the living cells. Further more, the cells incubated with zinc show a strong fluorescence. Our findings indicate that the algae used polyphosphate bodies for detoxification of the zinc ions, leading to the generation of intracellular zinc-phosphate-based nano needles. Beside the technological application of this material, the fluorescent cells can be used for labeling of e.g. biological probes. This new experimental protocol for the production of an inorganic functional material can be applied also for other substances.
文摘In recent years, the author have treated 47 cases of ischemic apoplexy-induced sequelae with long needles to perform penetrating puncture, and achieved satisfactory results as reported in the following.
文摘Acupuncture as a vital component of traditional medical systems of the Far East has been used to restore and maintain health for over three millennia. However, the neurobiological correlates of this therapy remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the effect of enpishin acupuncture (press tack needles (PTN)) on autonomic function, WBC count, and oxidative stress between subjects that received either verum or placebo PTN treatment. Twenty men (mean(SD) age: 36.7(5.1) years) who provided oral consent were randomized to receive either verum PTN (n = 9) or placebo PTN (n = 11). Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) was used to select the acupoints for each participant. Autonomic function and oxidative stress level were analyzed before and after the treatment via heart rate variability (HRV) and free radical analysis system (FRAS4), respectively. Pre- and post-treatment WBC count was also evaluated. Verum PTN group had a statistically significant increase (p = 0.008) in Ln TP, an index of overall autonomic activity. Subjects in this group also had a significantly greater (p = 0.006) variation in Ln TP than the placebo PTN group in response to the treatment. Similarly, Ln HF of subjects receiving verum PTN showed a marked increase (p = 0.0026) after the treatment. Moreover, a significantly greater (p < 0.001) variation in mean Ln HF before and after the treatment was noted in the verum group than the placebo group, reflecting a greater parasympathetic activation in the former. In contrast, sympathetic activity was not significantly influenced by verum PTN based on the lack of observed changes in LF/HF ratio. In addition, both groups failed to demonstrate significant variations in pre- and post-treatment mean Ln LF/HF ratio. Further, no significant intergroup difference was found with regard to mean variation in Ln LF/HF ratio. Verum PTN did not induce significant changes in WBC count and markers of oxidative stress, namely reactive oxygen species (ROM) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP). However, a comparison of variations in pre- and post-treatment mean WBC count showed a significant difference (p = 0.020) between the two treatment modes: verum group showed a slight increase (225 ± 384.5), while placebo group showed a minimal decrease (–190 ± 272.6). Our findings suggest that PTN increases overall autonomic activity, particularly the parasympathetic function.
文摘Purpose of the Study: To understand the reasons for charm needle insertions, chemical constituents of charm needles and their significance to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Confidential interviews were used to collect information from charm needle wearers. Two attempts at surgical removal of charm needles were carried out. Charm needle samples were chemically analyzed using EPMA method. A review of literature on the possible complications of charm needles in relation to MRI was made. Results: Patients had varied reasons for wearing charm needles including to be physically attractive, to overcome personal problems and for protection. Charm needles were made of gold alloy consisting of gold (85.2%-88.6%), copper (9.3%-10.8%) and trace elements of aluminium and silver. As such, MRI may not be a hazard to charm needle wearers given the fact that gold is non-ferromagnetic. However, artefacts may potentially distort the MR imaging. Conclusion: A tactful manner in handling these patients may be to ignore the needles unless a clinical need warrants intervention. The surgical removal of these needles may be a straightforward procedure, but the localization is usually a challenging task. At present, the pertinent literature does not contain carefully controlled studies that demonstrate the absolute safety of charm needle exposure to powerful magnetic fields.
文摘Objectives: To evaluate quantitatively deformation of the angle of the horizontal plane of the bevel tip in new dental needles and in dental needles used in clinical procedures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 360 dental needles from four different manufacturers. The needles were divided into four groups (90 per group): Group 1, Monoject;Group 2, DLP;Group 3, Badiject, and Group 4, Zeyco. The new and used needles were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy to evaluate quantitatively the deformation on the bevel. Results: All groups showed a significantly statistical difference between new needles and needles used for one or two injections
文摘The interphase mass,heat transfer efficiency,and flow resistance are strongly dependent on bubble size in gas-liquid two-phase systems,so it is very important for engineering applications to effectively control bubble size.In this paper,the formation,growth,and detachment of single bubbles in Newtonian liquids based on capillary needles were studied in detail using a volume of fluid method.The authors investigated the effects of gas injection velocity,gravitational level,surface tension coefficient,needle radius,and liquid-phase properties(liquid viscosity and density)on the process of bubble generation,and the effects of the above factors on bubble shape,detachment diameter,and time were analyzed.The results show that an increase in gas injection rate,liquid-phase viscosity,needle radius,and surface tension coefficient can lead to an increase in bubble detachment diameter;however,an increase in liquid-phase density and gravitational level can lead to a decrease in bubble detachment diameter.It is found that the effect of the liquid-phase viscosity on bubble detachment diameter and time is slight,but the effect of gravitational level on detachment diameter and time is significant.Among all the forces,buoyancy,surface tension,and pressure are the most important ones that control the generation of bubbles.
文摘A new taxoid with 5/716 taxane skeleton, named taxamedin A (1) was isolated from the needles of Taxus x media Hicksii. Its structure was elucidated by spectal analysis
