Investigating the ecological impact of land use change in the context of the construction of national water network project is crucial,as it is imperative for achieving the sustainable development goals of the nationa...Investigating the ecological impact of land use change in the context of the construction of national water network project is crucial,as it is imperative for achieving the sustainable development goals of the national water network and guaranteeing regional ecological stability.Using the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area(DRA),China as the study area,this paper first examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of natural landscape patterns and ecosystem service values(ESV)in the DRA from 2000 to 2018 and then investigated the spatial clustering characteristics of the ESV using spatial statistical analysis tools.Finally,the patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model was used to simulate the natural landscape and future changes in the ESV of the DRA from 2018 to 2028 under four different development scenarios:business as usual(BAU),economic development(ED),ecological protection(EP),and shoreline protection(SP).The results show that:during 2000-2018,the construction of water facilities had a significant impact on regional land use/land cover(LULC)change,with a 24830 ha increase in watershed area.ESV exhibited an increasing trend,with a significant and growing spatial clustering effect.The transformation of farmland to water bodies led to accelerated ESV growth,while the transformation of forest land to farmland led to a decrease in the ESV.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)had the strongest effect on the ESV.ESV exhibited a continuous increase from 2018 to 2028 under all the simulation scenarios.The EP scenario had the greatest increase in ESV,while the ED scenario had the smallest increase.The findings suggest that projected land use patterns under different scenarios have varied impacts on ecosystem services(ESs)and that the management and planning of the DRA should balance social,economic,ecological,and security benefits.nomic,ecological,and security benefits.展开更多
Aiming at enhancing the reform of ur-ban social welfare services and meeting thedemands for pluralistic life services in citiesand towns,community service projects havesprung up in many of China’s large and me-
This study aimed to assess the role of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） risk classification in predicting biochemical recurrence （BCR） after radical prostatectomy （RP） in Chinese prostate cancer ...This study aimed to assess the role of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） risk classification in predicting biochemical recurrence （BCR） after radical prostatectomy （RP） in Chinese prostate cancer patients. We included a consecutive cohort of 385 patients with prostate cancer who underwent RP at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center （Shanghai, China） from March 2011 to December 2014. Gleason grade groups were applied at analysis according to the 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology Consensus. Risk groups were stratified according to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology： Prostate Cancer version 1, 2017. All 385 patients were divided into BCR and non-BCR groups. The clinicopathological characteristics were compared using an independent sample t-test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher＇s exact test. BCR-free survival was compared using the log-rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis. During median follow-up of 48 months （range： 1-78 months）, 31 （8.05%） patients experienced BCR. The BCR group had higher prostate-specific antigen level at diagnosis （46.54 ± 39.58 ng m1-1 vs 21.02 ± 21.06 ng ml-1, P= 0.001）, more advanced pT stage （P= 0.002）, and higher pN1 rate （P〈 0.001）. NCCN risk classification was a significant predictor of BCR {P = 0.0006） and BCR-free survival （P = 0.003） after RP. As NCCN risk level increased, there was a significant decreasing trend in BCR-free survival rate （Ptrend = 0.0002）. This study confirmed and validated that NCCN risk classification was a significant predictor of BCR and BCR-free survival after RP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Clinical workup and treatment guidelines have been published by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)to ensure patients are treated uniformly and appropriately.This study sought to retrospectively...BACKGROUND Clinical workup and treatment guidelines have been published by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)to ensure patients are treated uniformly and appropriately.This study sought to retrospectively review patients with a new diagnosis of sarcoma who were treated in a National Cancer Institute(NCI)designated center and determine compliance rates with guidelines for sarcoma.AIM To evaluate our compliance of NCCN sarcoma guidelines at a major NCI designated center and to report instances of deviation that could be used for future studies to improve patient care.METHODS Data was collected retrospectively as an internal review and quality assessment of 35 newly diagnosed and treated patients.Demographic data were recorded and information concerning whether patients had appropriate imaging,biopsy and management.Variables of interest were expressed as raw numbers and percentages.RESULTS Primary site imaging was obtained in 100%of cases.Chest and full-body imaging were obtained in 97%and 100%of indicated cases,respectively.Tissue was obtained preoperatively in 97%of cases.Imaging was reviewed at multidisciplinary Treatment Planning Conference(TPC)in 97%of cases.Pathology was reviewed in 94%of cases in TPC.Both tumor,node,metastasis staging and plan of care were reviewed in 100%of cases in TPC.Treatment guidelines were followed in 94%of cases reviewed.CONCLUSION This study evaluated the workup and treatment provided by a single NCI designated sarcoma service to a series of patients with pathologies defined with the NCCN sarcoma treatment guidelines.Although adherence to NCCN was reported to be very high future prospective studies are required to investigate whether NCCN guidelines impact patient outcomes.展开更多
1 Technical Features of ZTE’sDWDM SystemThe toll backbone wave division equipmentof ZXWM M900 backbone transmissionplatform is well designed forlarge-capacity optical transmission. It canfully satisfy the networking ...1 Technical Features of ZTE’sDWDM SystemThe toll backbone wave division equipmentof ZXWM M900 backbone transmissionplatform is well designed forlarge-capacity optical transmission. It canfully satisfy the networking and managementrequirements of diversified users and be fit forvarious toll backbone networks. The systemsupports up to 40 working wavelengths and up to400 Gb/s transmission capacity, and thewavelength selection and interval are in strictcompliance with ITU-T Recommendations. It展开更多
In some countries with seismicity,an adequate detection network is essential to assess seismic hazards.The Instituto Geografico Nacional(National Geographic Institute/IGN)of Spain manages a strong motion network distr...In some countries with seismicity,an adequate detection network is essential to assess seismic hazards.The Instituto Geografico Nacional(National Geographic Institute/IGN)of Spain manages a strong motion network distributed throughout the whole country and an earthquake detection network composed of velocity stations.This paper aims at studying the development of the strong motion network of the Spanish National Seismic Network(focusing on mainland Spain and the Balearics)in the last three decades.A Geographic Information System(GIS)has been implemented to integrate the attributes from the IGN’s database concerning the earthquake catalogue,seismograph and accelerometer networks,which enabled to analyse the data and map the distribution of detection equipments in the region.The irregularly distributed Spanish strong motion network was greatly expanded from 1990 to 2010.In the past decade,it developed at a slower rate,but more modern technology was implemented.展开更多
The annual passenger volume of airport reflected its passenger transport scale and the role in aviation network.The airports in whole country were divided into three layers:first layer airports,second layer airports a...The annual passenger volume of airport reflected its passenger transport scale and the role in aviation network.The airports in whole country were divided into three layers:first layer airports,second layer airports and third layer airports.The airlines from the first layer airports consisted the first layer aviation network.The airlines from the second layer airports consisted the second layer aviation network.The airlines from the third layer airports consisted the third layer aviation network.The structure and function of different layer aviation network had significant differences.These differences were shown in the number of airlines,average number of airlines of each airport,annual passenger volume of airport and average passenger volume of each airline.National aviation network hierarchical model was constructed to describe the whole country aviation network.The matrix was built to describe the airline number,annual passenger volume,average number of airlines,average passenger volume of each airport and airline rate of aviation network.The index of national aviation network structure was constructed to show the ratio of index between different aviation network layer to describe the aviation network structure.The structure index was built to illustrate the macrostructural features of national aviation network.The statistics data in year 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 of China aviation network were analyzed and basic data matrixes,basic index matrixes and structure index matrixes were calculated.The trend of ratio of corresponding index between the first layer and the second layer showed the change of basic structure of China aviation network.At meantime,the tendency of ratio of corresponding index between the third layer and the second layer also showed the change of basic structure.The trend of network general structure index illustrated that the large scaled new airports and airlines construction had significant influence on the national aviation network structure.展开更多
Biliary tract cancers(BTCs)constitute a heterogeneous group of hepatobiliary malignancies originating along the biliary tree.Approximately up to 20%of primary hepatobiliary tumors consist of BTCs(1).The primary risk f...Biliary tract cancers(BTCs)constitute a heterogeneous group of hepatobiliary malignancies originating along the biliary tree.Approximately up to 20%of primary hepatobiliary tumors consist of BTCs(1).The primary risk factors include cholelithiasis,chronic inflammatory diseases of the bile ducts,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),liver cirrhosis,tobacco use,and chronic viral hepatitis B and C infections(2).展开更多
Many articles have been published on intelligent manufacturing, most of which focus on hardware, soft-ware, additive manufacturing, robotics, the Internet of Things, and Industry 4.0. This paper provides a dif-ferent ...Many articles have been published on intelligent manufacturing, most of which focus on hardware, soft-ware, additive manufacturing, robotics, the Internet of Things, and Industry 4.0. This paper provides a dif-ferent perspective by examining relevant challenges and providing examples of some less-talked-about yet essential topics, such as hybrid systems, redefining advanced manufacturing, basic building blocks of new manufacturing, ecosystem readiness, and technology scalahility. The first major challenge is to （re-）define what the manufacturing of the future will he, if we wish to： ① raise public awareness of new manufacturing＇s economic and societal impacts, and ② garner the unequivocal support of policy- makers. The second major challenge is to recognize that manufacturing in the future will consist of sys-tems of hybrid systems of human and robotic operators; additive and suhtractive processes; metal and composite materials; and cyher and physical systems. Therefore, studying the interfaces between con- stituencies and standards becomes important and essential. The third challenge is to develop a common framework in which the technology, manufacturing business case, and ecosystem readiness can he eval- uated concurrently in order to shorten the time it takes for products to reach customers. Integral to this is having accepted measures of ＂scalahility＂ of non-information technologies. The last, hut not least, chal-lenge is to examine successful modalities of industry-academia-government collaborations through public-private partnerships. This article discusses these challenges in detail.展开更多
The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the use of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)for discrimination between quarry blasts and microearthquakes in the Tehran region using data from the Broadband Ir...The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the use of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)for discrimination between quarry blasts and microearthquakes in the Tehran region using data from the Broadband Iranian National Network Center(BIN).In the south and southeast of Tehran,a large number of quarry blasts“contaminate”the earthquake catalog.In order to identify the real seismicity(tectonic earthquakes)in the region,we need to discriminate quarry blasts from natural earthquakes in the catalog.展开更多
The spread of the new coronavirus(COVID-19)infection in 2020 has had a significant impact on the treatment of cancer worldwide.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the biggest challenge for pancreatic surgeons is the difficul...The spread of the new coronavirus(COVID-19)infection in 2020 has had a significant impact on the treatment of cancer worldwide.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the biggest challenge for pancreatic surgeons is the difficulty in providing oncological care.In this review article,from the standpoint of surgeons,we explain the concept of triaging of patients with pancreatic tumors under the COVID-19 pandemic,and the actual impact of COVID-19 on the treatment of patients with pancreatic tumors.The most vital points in selecting the best therapeutic approach for patients with pancreatic tumors during this pandemic are(1)Oncologists need to tailor the treatment plan based on the COVID-19 phase,tumor malignant potential,and patients’comorbidities;and(2)Optimal treatment for pancreatic cancer should be planned according to the condition of each patient and tumor resectability based on national comprehensive cancer network resectability criteria.To choose the best therapeutic approach for patients with pancreatic tumors during this pandemic,we need to tailor the treatment plan based on elective surgery acuity scale(ESAS).Newly established ESAS for pancreatic tumor and flowchart indicating the treatment strategy of pancreatic cancer,are feasible to overcome this situation.展开更多
An imported energy spectrum analyzer is powerful, but English operation interface is not easy to use. According to actual work needs, preliminary design of the Chinese energy spectrum analysis system is introduced in ...An imported energy spectrum analyzer is powerful, but English operation interface is not easy to use. According to actual work needs, preliminary design of the Chinese energy spectrum analysis system is introduced in the paper.展开更多
The most important recent updates to the US National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)guidelines include the addition of new immunotherapy agents to the armamentarium for both hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and biliary...The most important recent updates to the US National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)guidelines include the addition of new immunotherapy agents to the armamentarium for both hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and biliary tract cancers(1).The publication and subsequent the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approval of the Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab(STRIDE)regimen established in the phase III HIMALAYA trial(2)adds an important option for first-line systemic treatment of advanced HCC and was included in the NCCN guidelines with the 4.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42371315,41901213)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2020CFB856)Project of Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd(No.CX2022Z23)。
文摘Investigating the ecological impact of land use change in the context of the construction of national water network project is crucial,as it is imperative for achieving the sustainable development goals of the national water network and guaranteeing regional ecological stability.Using the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area(DRA),China as the study area,this paper first examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of natural landscape patterns and ecosystem service values(ESV)in the DRA from 2000 to 2018 and then investigated the spatial clustering characteristics of the ESV using spatial statistical analysis tools.Finally,the patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model was used to simulate the natural landscape and future changes in the ESV of the DRA from 2018 to 2028 under four different development scenarios:business as usual(BAU),economic development(ED),ecological protection(EP),and shoreline protection(SP).The results show that:during 2000-2018,the construction of water facilities had a significant impact on regional land use/land cover(LULC)change,with a 24830 ha increase in watershed area.ESV exhibited an increasing trend,with a significant and growing spatial clustering effect.The transformation of farmland to water bodies led to accelerated ESV growth,while the transformation of forest land to farmland led to a decrease in the ESV.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)had the strongest effect on the ESV.ESV exhibited a continuous increase from 2018 to 2028 under all the simulation scenarios.The EP scenario had the greatest increase in ESV,while the ED scenario had the smallest increase.The findings suggest that projected land use patterns under different scenarios have varied impacts on ecosystem services(ESs)and that the management and planning of the DRA should balance social,economic,ecological,and security benefits.nomic,ecological,and security benefits.
文摘Aiming at enhancing the reform of ur-ban social welfare services and meeting thedemands for pluralistic life services in citiesand towns,community service projects havesprung up in many of China’s large and me-
基金This study was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81472377） and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai （No. 16ZR1406500）. The authors also thank Wei-Yi Yang, Cui-Zhu Zhang, and Ying Shen for helping with follow-up of patients.
文摘This study aimed to assess the role of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） risk classification in predicting biochemical recurrence （BCR） after radical prostatectomy （RP） in Chinese prostate cancer patients. We included a consecutive cohort of 385 patients with prostate cancer who underwent RP at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center （Shanghai, China） from March 2011 to December 2014. Gleason grade groups were applied at analysis according to the 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology Consensus. Risk groups were stratified according to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology： Prostate Cancer version 1, 2017. All 385 patients were divided into BCR and non-BCR groups. The clinicopathological characteristics were compared using an independent sample t-test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher＇s exact test. BCR-free survival was compared using the log-rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis. During median follow-up of 48 months （range： 1-78 months）, 31 （8.05%） patients experienced BCR. The BCR group had higher prostate-specific antigen level at diagnosis （46.54 ± 39.58 ng m1-1 vs 21.02 ± 21.06 ng ml-1, P= 0.001）, more advanced pT stage （P= 0.002）, and higher pN1 rate （P〈 0.001）. NCCN risk classification was a significant predictor of BCR {P = 0.0006） and BCR-free survival （P = 0.003） after RP. As NCCN risk level increased, there was a significant decreasing trend in BCR-free survival rate （Ptrend = 0.0002）. This study confirmed and validated that NCCN risk classification was a significant predictor of BCR and BCR-free survival after RP.
文摘BACKGROUND Clinical workup and treatment guidelines have been published by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)to ensure patients are treated uniformly and appropriately.This study sought to retrospectively review patients with a new diagnosis of sarcoma who were treated in a National Cancer Institute(NCI)designated center and determine compliance rates with guidelines for sarcoma.AIM To evaluate our compliance of NCCN sarcoma guidelines at a major NCI designated center and to report instances of deviation that could be used for future studies to improve patient care.METHODS Data was collected retrospectively as an internal review and quality assessment of 35 newly diagnosed and treated patients.Demographic data were recorded and information concerning whether patients had appropriate imaging,biopsy and management.Variables of interest were expressed as raw numbers and percentages.RESULTS Primary site imaging was obtained in 100%of cases.Chest and full-body imaging were obtained in 97%and 100%of indicated cases,respectively.Tissue was obtained preoperatively in 97%of cases.Imaging was reviewed at multidisciplinary Treatment Planning Conference(TPC)in 97%of cases.Pathology was reviewed in 94%of cases in TPC.Both tumor,node,metastasis staging and plan of care were reviewed in 100%of cases in TPC.Treatment guidelines were followed in 94%of cases reviewed.CONCLUSION This study evaluated the workup and treatment provided by a single NCI designated sarcoma service to a series of patients with pathologies defined with the NCCN sarcoma treatment guidelines.Although adherence to NCCN was reported to be very high future prospective studies are required to investigate whether NCCN guidelines impact patient outcomes.
文摘1 Technical Features of ZTE’sDWDM SystemThe toll backbone wave division equipmentof ZXWM M900 backbone transmissionplatform is well designed forlarge-capacity optical transmission. It canfully satisfy the networking and managementrequirements of diversified users and be fit forvarious toll backbone networks. The systemsupports up to 40 working wavelengths and up to400 Gb/s transmission capacity, and thewavelength selection and interval are in strictcompliance with ITU-T Recommendations. It
文摘In some countries with seismicity,an adequate detection network is essential to assess seismic hazards.The Instituto Geografico Nacional(National Geographic Institute/IGN)of Spain manages a strong motion network distributed throughout the whole country and an earthquake detection network composed of velocity stations.This paper aims at studying the development of the strong motion network of the Spanish National Seismic Network(focusing on mainland Spain and the Balearics)in the last three decades.A Geographic Information System(GIS)has been implemented to integrate the attributes from the IGN’s database concerning the earthquake catalogue,seismograph and accelerometer networks,which enabled to analyse the data and map the distribution of detection equipments in the region.The irregularly distributed Spanish strong motion network was greatly expanded from 1990 to 2010.In the past decade,it developed at a slower rate,but more modern technology was implemented.
文摘The annual passenger volume of airport reflected its passenger transport scale and the role in aviation network.The airports in whole country were divided into three layers:first layer airports,second layer airports and third layer airports.The airlines from the first layer airports consisted the first layer aviation network.The airlines from the second layer airports consisted the second layer aviation network.The airlines from the third layer airports consisted the third layer aviation network.The structure and function of different layer aviation network had significant differences.These differences were shown in the number of airlines,average number of airlines of each airport,annual passenger volume of airport and average passenger volume of each airline.National aviation network hierarchical model was constructed to describe the whole country aviation network.The matrix was built to describe the airline number,annual passenger volume,average number of airlines,average passenger volume of each airport and airline rate of aviation network.The index of national aviation network structure was constructed to show the ratio of index between different aviation network layer to describe the aviation network structure.The structure index was built to illustrate the macrostructural features of national aviation network.The statistics data in year 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 of China aviation network were analyzed and basic data matrixes,basic index matrixes and structure index matrixes were calculated.The trend of ratio of corresponding index between the first layer and the second layer showed the change of basic structure of China aviation network.At meantime,the tendency of ratio of corresponding index between the third layer and the second layer also showed the change of basic structure.The trend of network general structure index illustrated that the large scaled new airports and airlines construction had significant influence on the national aviation network structure.
文摘Biliary tract cancers(BTCs)constitute a heterogeneous group of hepatobiliary malignancies originating along the biliary tree.Approximately up to 20%of primary hepatobiliary tumors consist of BTCs(1).The primary risk factors include cholelithiasis,chronic inflammatory diseases of the bile ducts,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),liver cirrhosis,tobacco use,and chronic viral hepatitis B and C infections(2).
文摘Many articles have been published on intelligent manufacturing, most of which focus on hardware, soft-ware, additive manufacturing, robotics, the Internet of Things, and Industry 4.0. This paper provides a dif-ferent perspective by examining relevant challenges and providing examples of some less-talked-about yet essential topics, such as hybrid systems, redefining advanced manufacturing, basic building blocks of new manufacturing, ecosystem readiness, and technology scalahility. The first major challenge is to （re-）define what the manufacturing of the future will he, if we wish to： ① raise public awareness of new manufacturing＇s economic and societal impacts, and ② garner the unequivocal support of policy- makers. The second major challenge is to recognize that manufacturing in the future will consist of sys-tems of hybrid systems of human and robotic operators; additive and suhtractive processes; metal and composite materials; and cyher and physical systems. Therefore, studying the interfaces between con- stituencies and standards becomes important and essential. The third challenge is to develop a common framework in which the technology, manufacturing business case, and ecosystem readiness can he eval- uated concurrently in order to shorten the time it takes for products to reach customers. Integral to this is having accepted measures of ＂scalahility＂ of non-information technologies. The last, hut not least, chal-lenge is to examine successful modalities of industry-academia-government collaborations through public-private partnerships. This article discusses these challenges in detail.
文摘The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the use of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)for discrimination between quarry blasts and microearthquakes in the Tehran region using data from the Broadband Iranian National Network Center(BIN).In the south and southeast of Tehran,a large number of quarry blasts“contaminate”the earthquake catalog.In order to identify the real seismicity(tectonic earthquakes)in the region,we need to discriminate quarry blasts from natural earthquakes in the catalog.
文摘The spread of the new coronavirus(COVID-19)infection in 2020 has had a significant impact on the treatment of cancer worldwide.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the biggest challenge for pancreatic surgeons is the difficulty in providing oncological care.In this review article,from the standpoint of surgeons,we explain the concept of triaging of patients with pancreatic tumors under the COVID-19 pandemic,and the actual impact of COVID-19 on the treatment of patients with pancreatic tumors.The most vital points in selecting the best therapeutic approach for patients with pancreatic tumors during this pandemic are(1)Oncologists need to tailor the treatment plan based on the COVID-19 phase,tumor malignant potential,and patients’comorbidities;and(2)Optimal treatment for pancreatic cancer should be planned according to the condition of each patient and tumor resectability based on national comprehensive cancer network resectability criteria.To choose the best therapeutic approach for patients with pancreatic tumors during this pandemic,we need to tailor the treatment plan based on elective surgery acuity scale(ESAS).Newly established ESAS for pancreatic tumor and flowchart indicating the treatment strategy of pancreatic cancer,are feasible to overcome this situation.
文摘An imported energy spectrum analyzer is powerful, but English operation interface is not easy to use. According to actual work needs, preliminary design of the Chinese energy spectrum analysis system is introduced in the paper.
文摘The most important recent updates to the US National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)guidelines include the addition of new immunotherapy agents to the armamentarium for both hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and biliary tract cancers(1).The publication and subsequent the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approval of the Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab(STRIDE)regimen established in the phase III HIMALAYA trial(2)adds an important option for first-line systemic treatment of advanced HCC and was included in the NCCN guidelines with the 4.
