In 2000, Wu and Gong [1] introduced the thought of the Henstock integrals of inter-valvalued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and obtained a number of their properties. The aim of this paper is to introduce...In 2000, Wu and Gong [1] introduced the thought of the Henstock integrals of inter-valvalued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and obtained a number of their properties. The aim of this paper is to introduce the thought of the AP- Henstock integrals of interval-valued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions which are extensions of [1] and investigate a number of their properties.展开更多
In this paper we introduce the notion of the Henstock-Stieltjes (HS) integrals of interval-valued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and discuss some of their properties.
The structures of the heptazine-based graphitic C3N4 and the S-doped graphitic C3N4 are investigated by using the density functional theory with a semi-empirical dispersion correction for the weak long-range interacti...The structures of the heptazine-based graphitic C3N4 and the S-doped graphitic C3N4 are investigated by using the density functional theory with a semi-empirical dispersion correction for the weak long-range interaction between layers.The corrugated structure is found to be energetically favorable for both the pure and the S-doped graphitic C3N4.The S doptant is prone to substitute the N atom bonded with only two nearest C atoms.The band structure calculation reveals that this kind of S doping causes a favorable red shift of the light absorption threshold and can improve the electroconductibility and the photocatalytic activity of the graphitic C3N4.展开更多
Alpine grasslands with a high soil organic carbon(SOC)storage on the Tibetan Plateau are experiencing rapid climate warming and anthropogenic nitrogen(N)deposition;this is expected to substantially increase the soil N...Alpine grasslands with a high soil organic carbon(SOC)storage on the Tibetan Plateau are experiencing rapid climate warming and anthropogenic nitrogen(N)deposition;this is expected to substantially increase the soil N availability,which may impact carbon(C)cycling.However,little is known regarding how N enrichment influences soil microbial communities and functions relative to C cycling in this region.We conducted a 4-year field experiment on an alpine grassland to evaluate the effects of four different rates of N addition(0,25,50,and 100 kg N ha^-1 year^-1)on the abundance and community structure(phospholipid fatty acids,PLFAs)of microbes,enzyme activities,and community level physiological profiles(CLPP)in soil.We found that N addition increased the microbial biomass C(MBC)and N(MBN),along with an increased abundance of bacterial PLFAs,especially Gram-negative bacterial PLFAs,with a decreasing ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria.The N addition also stimulated the growth of fungi,especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,reducing the ratio of fungi to bacteria.Microbial functional diversity and activity of enzymes involved in C cycling(β-1,4-glucosidase and phenol oxidase)and N cycling(β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase)increased after N addition,resulting in a loss of SOC.A meta-analysis showed that the soil C/N ratio was a key factor in the response of oxidase activity to N amendment,suggesting that the responses of soil microbial functions,which are linked to C turnover relative to N input,primarily depended upon the soil C/N ratio.Overall,our findings highlight that N addition has a positive influence on microbial communities and their associated functions,which may reduce soil C storage in alpine grasslands under global change scenarios.展开更多
The hierarchical porous N/O co-functionalized carbon(HPNOC)was scalably prepared by using the lowcost and renewable blighted grains as the raw material coupled with mild KHCO_3 activation for electrochemical capacitor...The hierarchical porous N/O co-functionalized carbon(HPNOC)was scalably prepared by using the lowcost and renewable blighted grains as the raw material coupled with mild KHCO_3 activation for electrochemical capacitors(ECs).The elemental N was in situ doped in the obtained HPNOC without any N-containing additives.Remarkably,the obtained HPNOC was endowed with a large specific surface area(about 2 624m^2·g^(-1)),high pore volume(about 1.35cm^3·g^(-1)),as well as high-content N/O functionalization(about 1.9%(in atom)N and about 10.2%(in atom)O.Furthermore,the as-resulted HPNOC electrode with a high mass loading of 5mg·cm^(-2 )exhibited competitive gravimetric capacitances of about 373.6F·g^(-1 )at 0.5A·g^(-1),and even about 260.4F·g^(-1 )at a high rate of 10A·g^(-1);superior capacitance retention of about 98.8%at 1A·g^(-1 )over 10 000consecutive cycles;and high specific energy of about 9.6W·h·kg^(-1 )at a power of 500W·kg^(-1),when evaluated as a promising electrode in 6mol KOH for advanced electrochemical supercapacitors.More encouragingly,the green synthetic strategy we developed holds a huge promise in generalizing for other biomass-derived carbon materials for versatile energy-related applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B cirrhosis(HBC)is a chronic disease characterized by irreversible diffuse liver damage and aggravated by intestinal microbial imbalance and metabolic dysfunction.Although the relationship between...BACKGROUND Hepatitis B cirrhosis(HBC)is a chronic disease characterized by irreversible diffuse liver damage and aggravated by intestinal microbial imbalance and metabolic dysfunction.Although the relationship between certain single probiotics and HBC has been explored,the impact of the complex ready-to-eat Lactobacillus paracasei N1115(LP N1115)supplement on patients with HBC has not been determined.AIM To compare the changes in the microbiota,inflammatory factor levels,and liver function before and after probiotic treatment in HBC patients.METHODS This study included 160 HBC patients diagnosed at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2018 and December 2020.Patients were randomly divided into an intervention group that received LP N1115 supplementation and routine treatment and a control group that received routine treatment only.Fecal samples were collected at the onset and conclusion of the 12-wk intervention period.The structure of the intestinal microbiota and the levels of serological indicators,such as liver function and inflammatory factors,were assessed.RESULTS Following LP N1115 intervention,the intestinal microbial diversity significantly increased in the intervention group(P<0.05),and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was characterized by an increase in the proportions of probiotic microbes and a reduction in harmful bacteria.Additionally,the intervention group demonstrated notable improvements in liver function indices and significantly lower levels of inflammatory factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION LP N1115 is a promising treatment for ameliorating intestinal microbial imbalance in HBC patients by modulating the structure of the intestinal microbiota,improving liver function,and reducing inflammatory factor levels.展开更多
The electronic structure and reactivities of Fe（CO）n （n = 3~5） addition to different fullerenes have been investigated through the first-principles calculations, and the results indicate that Fe（CO）3 and Fe（CO...The electronic structure and reactivities of Fe（CO）n （n = 3~5） addition to different fullerenes have been investigated through the first-principles calculations, and the results indicate that Fe（CO）3 and Fe（CO）4 can be adsorbed to the outside network of fullerene via hollow and bridge sites, respectively. Both of them have larger binding energy, but when Fe（CO）5 is adsorbed via the top site, the binding energy is relatively smaller. According to the directional curvature theory, the reactivities of Fe（CO）3 addition to the fullerenes are determined by KM of the ring center, and those of Fe（CO）4 addition by KD of the C–C bond curvature; while for Fe（CO）5, it presents weak reactivities in the addition reaction because of the larger volume effect. No matter whether the addition reaction takes place on the hollow or bridge site, the binding energies show a linear relationship with KD. This work further enriched the directional curvature theory and applied the isolobel analogy theory in the fullerene addition reactions.展开更多
The possible geometries of Fe(HCN)n (n = 1~6) compounds were studied by using + DFT/UB3LYP/6-31G(2df) method. The structure and ground state ...The possible geometries of Fe(HCN)n (n = 1~6) compounds were studied by using + DFT/UB3LYP/6-31G(2df) method. The structure and ground state of each fragmental ion are C∞v (4Σ+ or Σ ), D∞h (4Σg ), D3 (4A1 ), C2 or Td or C3v (4A1), and D3 (4A1 ) or C4 ( A1 ) sequentially 6 + + ′ ′ ′ 2 ′ h v h v with n = 1～5. For the compound Fe(HCN)6 , the possible geometry was not obtained. The + sequential incremental interaction energy (–?(?E)), dissociation energy (?D0), enthalpy (–?(?H)) and Gibbs free energy (–?(?G)), and frequencies for HCN-Fe(HCN)n + -1 were also calculated, and the results are all in good agreement with the experiments. The bond length of Fe–N is lengthened with the increase of cluster size, and the strength of Fe+–N coordination bond varies nonmon- tonically as increasing the number of ligands. The Fe+–N bond of Fe(HCN)2 is the strongest in all + compounds.展开更多
Concurrent ground-level ozone(O_(3))pollution and anthropogenic nitrogen(N)deposition can markedly influence dynamics and productivity in forests.Most studies evaluating the functional traits responses of rapid-turnov...Concurrent ground-level ozone(O_(3))pollution and anthropogenic nitrogen(N)deposition can markedly influence dynamics and productivity in forests.Most studies evaluating the functional traits responses of rapid-turnover organs to O_(3) have specifically examined leaves,despite fine roots are another major source of soil carbon and nutrient input in forest ecosystems.How elevated O_(3) levels impact fine root biomass and biochemistry remains to be resolved.This study was to assess poplar leaf and fine root biomass and biochemistry responses to five different levels of O_(3) pollution,while additionally examining whether four levels of soil N supplementation were sufficient to alter the impact of O_(3) on these two organs.Elevated O_(3) resulted in a more substantial reduction in fine root biomass than leafbiomass;relative to leaves,more biochemically-resistant components were present within fine root litter,which contained high concentrations of lignin,condensed tannins,and elevated C:N and lignin:N ratios that were associated with slower rates of litter decomposition.In contrast,leaves contained more labile components,including nonstructural carbohydrates and N,as well as a higher N:P ratio.Elevated O_(3) significantly reduced labile components and increased biochemically-resistant components in leaves,whereas they had minimal impact on fine root biochemistry.This suggests that O_(3) pollution has the potential to delay leaf litter decomposition and associated nutrient cycling.N addition largely failed to affect the impact of elevated O_(3) levels on leaves or fine root chemistry,suggesting that soil N supplementation is not a suitable approach to combating the impact of O_(3) pollution on key functional traits of poplars.These results indicate that the significant differences in the responses of leaves and fine roots to O_(3) pollution will result in marked changes in the relative belowground roles of these two litter sources within forest ecosystems,and such changes will independently of nitrogen load.展开更多
Membrane technology has been used for H_2 purification. In this paper, the systematic density functional simulations are conducted to study the separation of H_2 from the impurity gases(H_2, N_2, H_2 O, CO, Cl_2, and ...Membrane technology has been used for H_2 purification. In this paper, the systematic density functional simulations are conducted to study the separation of H_2 from the impurity gases(H_2, N_2, H_2 O, CO, Cl_2, and CH_4) by the bilayer porous graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_3 N_4) membrane. Theoretically, the bilayer g-C3 N4 membrane with a diameter of about3.25 A? should be a perfect candidate for H_2 purification from these mixed gases, which is verified by the high selectivity(S) for H_2 over other kinds of gases(3.43 × 1028 for H_2/N2; 1.40 × 1028 for H_262/H_2 O; 1.60 × 10 for H_2/CO; 4.30 × 10^(14) for H_2/Cl_2; 2.50 × 10^(55) for H_2/CH_4), and the permeance(P) of H_2(13 mol/m^2·s·Pa) across the bilayer g-C_3 N_4 membrane at 300 K, which should be of great potential in energy and environmental research. Our studies highlight a new approach towards the final goal of high P and high S molecular-sieving membranes used in simple structural engineering.展开更多
文摘In 2000, Wu and Gong [1] introduced the thought of the Henstock integrals of inter-valvalued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and obtained a number of their properties. The aim of this paper is to introduce the thought of the AP- Henstock integrals of interval-valued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions which are extensions of [1] and investigate a number of their properties.
文摘In this paper we introduce the notion of the Henstock-Stieltjes (HS) integrals of interval-valued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and discuss some of their properties.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB606403)the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20090071120062)
文摘The structures of the heptazine-based graphitic C3N4 and the S-doped graphitic C3N4 are investigated by using the density functional theory with a semi-empirical dispersion correction for the weak long-range interaction between layers.The corrugated structure is found to be energetically favorable for both the pure and the S-doped graphitic C3N4.The S doptant is prone to substitute the N atom bonded with only two nearest C atoms.The band structure calculation reveals that this kind of S doping causes a favorable red shift of the light absorption threshold and can improve the electroconductibility and the photocatalytic activity of the graphitic C3N4.
基金supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(No.2014CB954002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31561143011)。
文摘Alpine grasslands with a high soil organic carbon(SOC)storage on the Tibetan Plateau are experiencing rapid climate warming and anthropogenic nitrogen(N)deposition;this is expected to substantially increase the soil N availability,which may impact carbon(C)cycling.However,little is known regarding how N enrichment influences soil microbial communities and functions relative to C cycling in this region.We conducted a 4-year field experiment on an alpine grassland to evaluate the effects of four different rates of N addition(0,25,50,and 100 kg N ha^-1 year^-1)on the abundance and community structure(phospholipid fatty acids,PLFAs)of microbes,enzyme activities,and community level physiological profiles(CLPP)in soil.We found that N addition increased the microbial biomass C(MBC)and N(MBN),along with an increased abundance of bacterial PLFAs,especially Gram-negative bacterial PLFAs,with a decreasing ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria.The N addition also stimulated the growth of fungi,especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,reducing the ratio of fungi to bacteria.Microbial functional diversity and activity of enzymes involved in C cycling(β-1,4-glucosidase and phenol oxidase)and N cycling(β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase)increased after N addition,resulting in a loss of SOC.A meta-analysis showed that the soil C/N ratio was a key factor in the response of oxidase activity to N amendment,suggesting that the responses of soil microbial functions,which are linked to C turnover relative to N input,primarily depended upon the soil C/N ratio.Overall,our findings highlight that N addition has a positive influence on microbial communities and their associated functions,which may reduce soil C storage in alpine grasslands under global change scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.51572005,51772127)
文摘The hierarchical porous N/O co-functionalized carbon(HPNOC)was scalably prepared by using the lowcost and renewable blighted grains as the raw material coupled with mild KHCO_3 activation for electrochemical capacitors(ECs).The elemental N was in situ doped in the obtained HPNOC without any N-containing additives.Remarkably,the obtained HPNOC was endowed with a large specific surface area(about 2 624m^2·g^(-1)),high pore volume(about 1.35cm^3·g^(-1)),as well as high-content N/O functionalization(about 1.9%(in atom)N and about 10.2%(in atom)O.Furthermore,the as-resulted HPNOC electrode with a high mass loading of 5mg·cm^(-2 )exhibited competitive gravimetric capacitances of about 373.6F·g^(-1 )at 0.5A·g^(-1),and even about 260.4F·g^(-1 )at a high rate of 10A·g^(-1);superior capacitance retention of about 98.8%at 1A·g^(-1 )over 10 000consecutive cycles;and high specific energy of about 9.6W·h·kg^(-1 )at a power of 500W·kg^(-1),when evaluated as a promising electrode in 6mol KOH for advanced electrochemical supercapacitors.More encouragingly,the green synthetic strategy we developed holds a huge promise in generalizing for other biomass-derived carbon materials for versatile energy-related applications.
基金Supported by The Health System Research Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China,No.2022-NWKY-061.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatitis B cirrhosis(HBC)is a chronic disease characterized by irreversible diffuse liver damage and aggravated by intestinal microbial imbalance and metabolic dysfunction.Although the relationship between certain single probiotics and HBC has been explored,the impact of the complex ready-to-eat Lactobacillus paracasei N1115(LP N1115)supplement on patients with HBC has not been determined.AIM To compare the changes in the microbiota,inflammatory factor levels,and liver function before and after probiotic treatment in HBC patients.METHODS This study included 160 HBC patients diagnosed at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2018 and December 2020.Patients were randomly divided into an intervention group that received LP N1115 supplementation and routine treatment and a control group that received routine treatment only.Fecal samples were collected at the onset and conclusion of the 12-wk intervention period.The structure of the intestinal microbiota and the levels of serological indicators,such as liver function and inflammatory factors,were assessed.RESULTS Following LP N1115 intervention,the intestinal microbial diversity significantly increased in the intervention group(P<0.05),and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was characterized by an increase in the proportions of probiotic microbes and a reduction in harmful bacteria.Additionally,the intervention group demonstrated notable improvements in liver function indices and significantly lower levels of inflammatory factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION LP N1115 is a promising treatment for ameliorating intestinal microbial imbalance in HBC patients by modulating the structure of the intestinal microbiota,improving liver function,and reducing inflammatory factor levels.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21073034)the State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry (No. 20090060)
文摘The electronic structure and reactivities of Fe（CO）n （n = 3~5） addition to different fullerenes have been investigated through the first-principles calculations, and the results indicate that Fe（CO）3 and Fe（CO）4 can be adsorbed to the outside network of fullerene via hollow and bridge sites, respectively. Both of them have larger binding energy, but when Fe（CO）5 is adsorbed via the top site, the binding energy is relatively smaller. According to the directional curvature theory, the reactivities of Fe（CO）3 addition to the fullerenes are determined by KM of the ring center, and those of Fe（CO）4 addition by KD of the C–C bond curvature; while for Fe（CO）5, it presents weak reactivities in the addition reaction because of the larger volume effect. No matter whether the addition reaction takes place on the hollow or bridge site, the binding energies show a linear relationship with KD. This work further enriched the directional curvature theory and applied the isolobel analogy theory in the fullerene addition reactions.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20273013 20303002)+1 种基金 the Key Foundation of Fujian Province (K02012) the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry (020051) and of Fuzhou University
文摘The possible geometries of Fe(HCN)n (n = 1~6) compounds were studied by using + DFT/UB3LYP/6-31G(2df) method. The structure and ground state of each fragmental ion are C∞v (4Σ+ or Σ ), D∞h (4Σg ), D3 (4A1 ), C2 or Td or C3v (4A1), and D3 (4A1 ) or C4 ( A1 ) sequentially 6 + + ′ ′ ′ 2 ′ h v h v with n = 1～5. For the compound Fe(HCN)6 , the possible geometry was not obtained. The + sequential incremental interaction energy (–?(?E)), dissociation energy (?D0), enthalpy (–?(?H)) and Gibbs free energy (–?(?G)), and frequencies for HCN-Fe(HCN)n + -1 were also calculated, and the results are all in good agreement with the experiments. The bond length of Fe–N is lengthened with the increase of cluster size, and the strength of Fe+–N coordination bond varies nonmon- tonically as increasing the number of ligands. The Fe+–N bond of Fe(HCN)2 is the strongest in all + compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.31870458,41675153)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFE0127700).
文摘Concurrent ground-level ozone(O_(3))pollution and anthropogenic nitrogen(N)deposition can markedly influence dynamics and productivity in forests.Most studies evaluating the functional traits responses of rapid-turnover organs to O_(3) have specifically examined leaves,despite fine roots are another major source of soil carbon and nutrient input in forest ecosystems.How elevated O_(3) levels impact fine root biomass and biochemistry remains to be resolved.This study was to assess poplar leaf and fine root biomass and biochemistry responses to five different levels of O_(3) pollution,while additionally examining whether four levels of soil N supplementation were sufficient to alter the impact of O_(3) on these two organs.Elevated O_(3) resulted in a more substantial reduction in fine root biomass than leafbiomass;relative to leaves,more biochemically-resistant components were present within fine root litter,which contained high concentrations of lignin,condensed tannins,and elevated C:N and lignin:N ratios that were associated with slower rates of litter decomposition.In contrast,leaves contained more labile components,including nonstructural carbohydrates and N,as well as a higher N:P ratio.Elevated O_(3) significantly reduced labile components and increased biochemically-resistant components in leaves,whereas they had minimal impact on fine root biochemistry.This suggests that O_(3) pollution has the potential to delay leaf litter decomposition and associated nutrient cycling.N addition largely failed to affect the impact of elevated O_(3) levels on leaves or fine root chemistry,suggesting that soil N supplementation is not a suitable approach to combating the impact of O_(3) pollution on key functional traits of poplars.These results indicate that the significant differences in the responses of leaves and fine roots to O_(3) pollution will result in marked changes in the relative belowground roles of these two litter sources within forest ecosystems,and such changes will independently of nitrogen load.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2018B19414)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20161501)+5 种基金the Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.2015-XCL-010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51776094 and 51406075)the Program of Henan Provincial Department of Education,China(Grant No.16A330004)the Special Fund of Nanyang Normal University,China(Grant No.ZX2016003)the Science and Technology Program of Henan Department of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.182102310609)the Scientific Research and Service Platform Fund of Henan Province,China(Grant No.2016151)
文摘Membrane technology has been used for H_2 purification. In this paper, the systematic density functional simulations are conducted to study the separation of H_2 from the impurity gases(H_2, N_2, H_2 O, CO, Cl_2, and CH_4) by the bilayer porous graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_3 N_4) membrane. Theoretically, the bilayer g-C3 N4 membrane with a diameter of about3.25 A? should be a perfect candidate for H_2 purification from these mixed gases, which is verified by the high selectivity(S) for H_2 over other kinds of gases(3.43 × 1028 for H_2/N2; 1.40 × 1028 for H_262/H_2 O; 1.60 × 10 for H_2/CO; 4.30 × 10^(14) for H_2/Cl_2; 2.50 × 10^(55) for H_2/CH_4), and the permeance(P) of H_2(13 mol/m^2·s·Pa) across the bilayer g-C_3 N_4 membrane at 300 K, which should be of great potential in energy and environmental research. Our studies highlight a new approach towards the final goal of high P and high S molecular-sieving membranes used in simple structural engineering.
