Objective: to investigate the effects of pelvic floor rehabilitation training on the functional recovery of postpartum pelvic floor muscles. Methods: in this study, 60 postpartum women with vaginal delivery who were a...Objective: to investigate the effects of pelvic floor rehabilitation training on the functional recovery of postpartum pelvic floor muscles. Methods: in this study, 60 postpartum women with vaginal delivery who were admitted to a hospital in Xining from November 2020 to February 2021 were selected as research subjects. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, 30 people in each group. The control group did not take any measures, and the observation group was given pelvic floor rehabilitation training. The recovery of pelvic floor muscle function, urinary incontinence, the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse and sexual satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: the incidence of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of sexual life in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05);The recovery of pelvic floor muscle function in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: pelvic floor rehabilitation training for postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction patients can effectively promote the recovery of pelvic floor muscles, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the quality of life of postpartum women.展开更多
Muscles,the fundamental components supporting all human movement,exhibit various signals upon contraction,including mechanical signals indicat-ing tremors or mechanical deformation and electrical signals responsive to...Muscles,the fundamental components supporting all human movement,exhibit various signals upon contraction,including mechanical signals indicat-ing tremors or mechanical deformation and electrical signals responsive to muscle fiber activation.For noninvasive wearable devices,these signals can be measured using surface electromyography(sEMG)and force myography(FMG)techniques,respectively.However,relying on a single source of infor-mation is insufficient for a comprehensive evaluation of muscle condition.In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the various states of muscles,it is necessary to integrate sEMG and FMG in a spatiotemporally synchronized manner.This study presents a flexible sensor for multimodal muscle state monitoring,integrating serpentine-structured sEMG electrodes with fingerprint-like FMG sensors into a patch approximately 250μm thick.This design achieves a multimodal assessment of muscle conditions while maintaining a compact form factor.A thermo-responsive adhesive hydrogel is incorporated to enhance skin adhesion,improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the sEMG signals(33.07 dB)and ensuring the stability of the FMG sensor dur-ing mechanical deformation and tremors.The patterned coupled sensing patch demonstrates its utility in tracking muscular strength,assessing fatigue levels,and discerning features of muscle dysfunction by analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the mechanical–electrical coupled signals,highlighting its potential application in sports training and rehabilita-tion monitoring.展开更多
Objective To investigate the association of skeletal muscle function (including muscle strength and physical performance) and insulin resistance as well as type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The retrospective stud...Objective To investigate the association of skeletal muscle function (including muscle strength and physical performance) and insulin resistance as well as type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The retrospective study included 942 patients who visited the Department of Geriatrics at Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,between October 2020 and July 2024.展开更多
1.Exercise enhances muscle function and insulin sensitivity Skeletal muscle plays a fundamental role in not only locomotion,but also systemic metabolism.In people with type 2 diabetes,skeletal muscle is a major site o...1.Exercise enhances muscle function and insulin sensitivity Skeletal muscle plays a fundamental role in not only locomotion,but also systemic metabolism.In people with type 2 diabetes,skeletal muscle is a major site of insulin resistance,with impaired insulin signaling and reduced glucose transport activity contributing to metabolic dysfunction.展开更多
Sarcomerogenesis,the addition of serial sarcomeres in skeletal muscle myofibrils and fibres,is a natural occurrence during growth and maturation of animals,including humans.However,the detailed mechanisms that allow f...Sarcomerogenesis,the addition of serial sarcomeres in skeletal muscle myofibrils and fibres,is a natural occurrence during growth and maturation of animals,including humans.However,the detailed mechanisms that allow for sarcomerogenesis are not fully understood.In some diseases,such as cerebral palsy in children,sarcomerogenesis appears to be inhibited or at least reduced,1,2 often causing severe restrictions in muscle and joint function.展开更多
The“longevity protein”SIRT5 could hold the key to delaying age-related muscle decline.A study led by researchers from the Institute of Zoology(IOZ)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Capital Medical University in...The“longevity protein”SIRT5 could hold the key to delaying age-related muscle decline.A study led by researchers from the Institute of Zoology(IOZ)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Capital Medical University in Beijing reveals that SIRT5 mitigates skeletal muscle aging by blocking pro-inflammatory pathways.Published in Nature Metabolism on March 14,2025,the work identifies SIRT5’s interaction with protein kinase TBK1 as critical to preserving muscle mass and function.展开更多
Purpose The primary aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among Asian athletes participating in indoor and outdoor sports in equatorial Singapore.Secondary aims are...Purpose The primary aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among Asian athletes participating in indoor and outdoor sports in equatorial Singapore.Secondary aims are to examine the relationship between vitamin D status and skeletal muscle strength and performance,and bone density.Methods Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined in 95 indoor and outdoor athletes across various sports.Skeletal muscle strength and performance were assessed using the isometric mid-thigh pull(IMTP),drop jump test and 30 m sprint test.Bone Mineral Density(BMD)was measured using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA).Results Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 28.6±8.9 ng/mL among indoor,and 39.2±13.2 ng/mL among outdoor sport athletes respectively(P<0.05).More indoor sport athletes(62%)had insufficient vitamin D compared to outdoor sport athletes(30%)(P<0.05).Outdoor sport athletes exhibited significantly greater peak force generation than indoor sport athletes(2079±470 N vs.1869±546 N,P=0.027).Other markers of muscle function were not significantly different between groups.Indoor and outdoor sport athletes did not have significantly different BMDs although none of the athletes studied presented with poor BMD.Athletes who were deficient in vitamin D had significantly lower BMD compared to athletes with sufficient vitamin D(P=0.01).Conclusion Forty-seven percent of Singaporean athletes studied had suboptimal vitamin D status.Routine monitoring of vitamin D levels among indoor sport athletes should be in place to ensure optimal health and performance.展开更多
Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an...Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an elevated risk of adverse outcomes,including falls,fractures,and muscle weakness.Clinical investigations have identified a strong correlation between sarcopenia and several prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle disorders.This correlation is attributed to imbalances in joint mechanics resulting from localized muscle atrophy and the influence of musculoskeletal secretory factors.In this review,we discuss the broader implications of sarcopenia and critically evaluate the currently established assessment methods.Furthermore,the clinical significance of prevalent musculoskeletal disorders(including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and spinal pathologies)in relation to sarcopenia,alongside the underlying mechanisms influencing this relationship,is summarized.Additionally,the effects of sarcopenia on the therapeutic efficacy of medications and surgical interventions for musculoskeletal conditions are reviewed.Sarcopenia is intricately linked to the onset,progression,and prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Future research should prioritize elucidating the potential mechanisms that connect muscle loss with skeletal muscle diseases,and investigating whether mitigating sarcopenia symptoms could decelerate the progression of these disorders,thereby paving new pathways for therapeutic interventions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.As the disease progresses and due to the side effects of treatment,patients’physical activity significantly decreases.AIM To systematicall...BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.As the disease progresses and due to the side effects of treatment,patients’physical activity significantly decreases.AIM To systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of exercise rehabilitation on the physical activity of lung cancer patients and determine the best implementation methods to provide clinical guidance.METHODS Literature was searched through multiple electronic databases.A random effects model was used to combine effect sizes through standardized mean difference(SMD).The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the lite-rature,sensitivity analysis was used to ensure the robustness of the results,and Egger’s test was used to detect publication bias and asymmetry.RESULTS A total of 11 studies involving 541 patients were included in this study.The phy-sical endurance,muscle function and cardiopulmonary function of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients were evaluated.The overall effect size of the six-minute walk test(6MWT)was not statistically significant.However,subgroup analysis found that endurance significantly improved when exercise duration exceeded 0.5 hours(P≤0.05).In terms of muscle function,the overall effect size was SMD=0.619.Subgroup analysis showed that strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training(XT)significantly improved muscle function.Exercise rehabilitation significantly enhanced cardiopulmonary endurance(SMD=0.856,P=0.002),and the effect was better when the single exercise duration was more than 1 hour,age was over 65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.CONCLUSION Exercise rehabilitation effectively improved muscle function in NSCLC patients,especially strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training.Cardiopulmonary function also showed improvement,particularly when exercise duration exceeded 1 hour,age was≥65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.A single exercise duration of more than 0.5 hours can enhance patients’physical endurance.Appropriately increasing exercise duration and selecting suitable exercise forms can effectively improve the physical activity of NSCLC patients.展开更多
In order to study the function of muscles of driver shoulder during vehicle steering, identification of relations between electromyograph (EMG) activity of 10 shoulder muscles and steering force was performed. The pro...In order to study the function of muscles of driver shoulder during vehicle steering, identification of relations between electromyograph (EMG) activity of 10 shoulder muscles and steering force was performed. The procedure was to perform controlled steering maneuver by right hand in a driving simulator, and based on analyzing the EMG data with steering force in the steering wheel plane, the function was identified. It was found that muscle function depends strongly on both steering rotation and steering torque directions. In clockwise steering, the long head of triceps brachii was the prime mover and an important contributor to clockwise moment, while the sternocostal portion of the pectoralis major, the lateral head of triceps brachii, biceps brachii and teres major were the important stabilizers or fixators. In contrast, in counterclockwise steering, the anterior, middle and posterior deltoid, the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and infraspinatus were the prime movers and also the important contributors to counterclockwise moment, while the sternocostal portion of the pectoralis major, the lateral head of triceps brachii, biceps brachii and teres major were the important stabilizers or fixators. We conclude that the prime movers are primarily a consequence of steering direction, while the stabilizers or fixators are primarily constant. These results can be used to improve the neuromuscular model and estimate the steering comfort of driver.展开更多
Neurotrophic factors,currently administered orally or by intravenous drip or intramuscular injection,are the main method for the treatment of peripheral nerve crush injury.However,the low effective drug concentration ...Neurotrophic factors,currently administered orally or by intravenous drip or intramuscular injection,are the main method for the treatment of peripheral nerve crush injury.However,the low effective drug concentration arriving at the injury site results in unsatisfactory outcomes.Therefore,there is an urgent need for a treatment method that can increase the effective drug concentration in the injured area.In this study,we first fabricated a gelatin modified by methacrylic anhydride hydrogel and loaded it with vascular endothelial growth factor that allowed the controlled release of the neurotrophic factor.This modified gelatin exhibited good physical and chemical properties,biocompatibility and supported the adhesion and proliferation of RSC96 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells.When injected into the epineurium of crushed nerves,the composite hydrogel in the rat sciatic nerve crush injury model promoted nerve regeneration,functional recovery and vascularization.The results showed that the modified gelatin gave sustained delivery of vascular endothelial growth factors and accelerated the repair of crushed peripheral nerves.展开更多
Background: Infants with congenital muscular torticollis are born with an asymmetric range of motion and a muscular imbalance in the cervical spine, as a result of a shortening or excessive contraction of the sternocl...Background: Infants with congenital muscular torticollis are born with an asymmetric range of motion and a muscular imbalance in the cervical spine, as a result of a shortening or excessive contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate passive range of motion (PROM) for rotation and lateral flexion, and muscle function of the cervical spine in children that had a history of CMT as infants. Study design: a prospective cohort study. Patient sample: 58 children at the age of 3.5 to 5 years that had been treated for CMT have infants participated in the study. Method: PROM was measured with protractors and muscle function was estimated with a modified Muscle Function Scale. Data from infancy were taken from earlier records. Result: PROM in rotation of the neck was mean 98.7° and PROM in lateral flexion of the neck was mean 69.1°. Symmetric PROM of the neck was found in 74% of the children for rotation and in 88% of the children for lateral flexion. Multiple regression showed that gender and PROM in rotation as infants had a significant impact on asymmetric PROM. Forty-five percent of the children had some degree of muscular imbalance in the lateral flexors of the neck. Conclusion: Possible risk factors for later asymmetric PROM are: gender, birth weight, gestation week and PROM in rotation as infants. These factors ought to be taken into consideration when developing guidelines for long-term follow-up.展开更多
A nonlinear dynamical system is proposed as a qualitative mathematical model with the twofold aim to reasonably describe the force behavior in a fatiguing sub-maximal contraction and to be possibly employed in assessi...A nonlinear dynamical system is proposed as a qualitative mathematical model with the twofold aim to reasonably describe the force behavior in a fatiguing sub-maximal contraction and to be possibly employed in assessing muscular activation indexes. The model＇s properties are studied in terms of its equilibria and their stability properties and the existence of the fatigue equilibrium is ensured as the only system＇s attractor in the feasibility range of the parameters. Suitable mathematical indicators -- related to the dynamical properties of resilience and reactivity -- are introduced to characterize the asymptotic and the transient system＇s behavior. The practical impact of the analytical results is elucidated and a connection is established between the introduced mathematical indicators and muscle functionality indexes as rate of force development, task failure time and complete restore time. Experimental validation with handgrip force signal at high load and possible practical applications are also presented.展开更多
Objective: to study and analyze the effect of postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on the physiological and psychological recovery of natural childbirth. Method: into our hospital from September 2020 to Mar...Objective: to study and analyze the effect of postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on the physiological and psychological recovery of natural childbirth. Method: into our hospital from September 2020 to March 2022 admitted natural delivery maternal 30 cases, random digital chart is divided into research group, control group, each 15 cases, control group to carry out routine care, research group to carry out postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation care, the two groups of maternal postpartum 3 months pelvic floor muscle function, postpartum rehabilitation, postpartum complication rate, etc. Results: postpartum pelvic floor muscle function assessment at 3 months study group is lower than the control group, grade V is higher than the control group, the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05), maternal postpartum lochia duration, lactation time and uterine pelvic time are shorter than the control group, postpartum complication rate is lower than the control group, the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the application of postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation nursing in natural delivery women helps to promote the functional recovery, promote the postpartum physical and psychological condition recovery, and reduce the risk of postpartum complications.展开更多
Purpose To investigate knee joint function during an unanticipated cutting task between healthy and ACL-reconstructed(ACL-R)females within the same NCAA Division I collegiate female lacrosse team(WLAX)via knee mechani...Purpose To investigate knee joint function during an unanticipated cutting task between healthy and ACL-reconstructed(ACL-R)females within the same NCAA Division I collegiate female lacrosse team(WLAX)via knee mechanics and esti-mated vasti and hamstring muscle forces.Methods Knee mechanics during three unanticipated cutting trials were observed using 3D motion analysis techniques for 26 healthy female lacrosse players,five which had previous history of ACL-R.Knee flexion angle and knee extensor moment were calculated via Visual3D.Modified musculoskeletal models were used to estimated vasti and hamstrings muscle forces obtained from static optimization.The 2×2(group×limb)repeated measures ANOVAs were used to identify differences in knee mechanics,and vasti and hamstring muscle groups among healthy/ACL-R between their preferred and involved limbs.Results There was an interaction between group and limb for knee extensor moment.ACL-R females had less knee extensor moments in their involved limb compared to their uninvolved limb(P<0.001).There was also a group main effect found for knee flexion angle.ACL-R females cut with less knee flexion angle compared to healthy females(P<0.013).No significant differences were found for estimated vasti or hamstring forces.Conclusions These pilot results indicate that despite all female WLAX players undergoing the same strength and condition-ing programming,training sessions,with the same coaching staff,differences in knee joint mechanics still exist between healthy and ACL-R players.These data should help inform larger-scaled studies investigating the impact of ACL-R on athletes within the same sports team.展开更多
Angiotensin （Ang）-（1-7） is recognized as a new bioactive peptide in renin-angiotensin system （RAS）. Ang-（1-7） is a counter-regulatory mediator of Ang-II which appears to be protective against cardiovascular di...Angiotensin （Ang）-（1-7） is recognized as a new bioactive peptide in renin-angiotensin system （RAS）. Ang-（1-7） is a counter-regulatory mediator of Ang-II which appears to be protective against cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have found that Ang-（1-7） played an important role in reducing smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, improving endothelial function and regulating lipid metabolism, leading to inhibition of atherosclerotic lesions and increase of plaque stability. Although clinical application of Ang-（1-7） is restricted due to its pharmacokinetic properties, identification of stabilized compounds, including more stable analogues and specific delivery compounds, has enabled clinical application of Ang-（1-7）. In this review, we discussed recent findings concerning the biological role of Ang-（1-7） and related mechanism during atherosclerosis development. In addition, we highlighted the perspective to develop therapeutic strategies using Ang-（1-7） to treat atherosclerosis.展开更多
Elbow flexion is essential to help position the hand in space and for functional use of the upper extremity.Loss of elbow function can be secondary to many etiologies,including but not limited to brachial plexus injur...Elbow flexion is essential to help position the hand in space and for functional use of the upper extremity.Loss of elbow function can be secondary to many etiologies,including but not limited to brachial plexus injury,traumatic muscle loss,oncologic treatment,poliomyelitis or congenital absence of motor function.The end result is a significant functional limitation of the upper extremity.One method to address the loss of elbow flexion is the use of a functional muscle transfer.These transfers can be performed as pedicled rotational transfers or free functional muscle transfers.This article reviews functional muscle transfers for restoration of elbow flexion as a treatment option for patients with an otherwise unreconstructable extremity.展开更多
Aim:Quadriceps strength and knee extension,the most important factors limiting the ability to rise from a chair,are crucial for walking at an appropriate speed,ascending and descending stairs,and performing activities...Aim:Quadriceps strength and knee extension,the most important factors limiting the ability to rise from a chair,are crucial for walking at an appropriate speed,ascending and descending stairs,and performing activities such as running,dancing,and jumping.Resection of the anterior compartment of the thigh,including all four quadriceps muscles,for the treatment of a sarcoma is uncommon;however,when necessary,it is very debilitating and adversely affects a patient's quality of life without functional reconstruction.Currently,there are a limited number of complex and difficult reconstructions to restore quadriceps function that have been described with variable outcomes.We describe a simple technique that employs a single gracilis functional muscle transfer to replace essential quadriceps function.Methods:This is a case series describing the use of either a free or pedicled single gracilis muscle to restore quadriceps function following sarcoma resection.Results:Four patients underwent an anterior compartment sarcoma resection that resulted in a large segmental defect and/or denervation of all four quadriceps muscles such that no quadriceps function would remain without reconstruction.All four patients underwent a functional reconstruction using a single gracilis.Three of the living patients achieved British Medical Research Counsel Grade 4 strength,can achieve full knee extension,are able to navigate stairs,and are able to ambulate without a brace.The fourth patient unfortunately was deceased in under three months following his tumor resection.Conclusion:Despite its small size in comparison to the quadriceps muscles,with physiotherapy and training,the gracilis muscle demonstrates the capacity to hypertrophy and replace quadriceps function following limb salvage surgery.展开更多
Restoration of upper extremity function poses a unique surgical challenge.With considerations ranging from ensuring appropriate skeletal support and musculotendinous and ligamentous anatomy,restoring adequate vascular...Restoration of upper extremity function poses a unique surgical challenge.With considerations ranging from ensuring appropriate skeletal support and musculotendinous and ligamentous anatomy,restoring adequate vascularity and innervation,and providing sufficient soft tissue coverage,upper extremity injuries present a diverse range of reconstructive problems.Recent history has been marked by an expansion of novel techniques for addressing these complex issues.Sophisticated modalities,such as targeted muscle reinnervation,free functional muscle transfer,and vascularized composite allotransplantation,have become some of the most powerful tools in the armamentarium of the reconstructive surgeon.This review article aims to define the distinguishing features of each of these modalities and reviews some of their unique advantages and limitations.展开更多
To the Editor:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a serious complication in critically ill patients,associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),extended ICU stays,increased hospitalization costs,a...To the Editor:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a serious complication in critically ill patients,associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),extended ICU stays,increased hospitalization costs,and higher mortality rates.Current research suggests that protein may be the most crucial substrate for maintaining muscle mass and physical function in critically ill patients and improving clinical outcomes.[1]展开更多
文摘Objective: to investigate the effects of pelvic floor rehabilitation training on the functional recovery of postpartum pelvic floor muscles. Methods: in this study, 60 postpartum women with vaginal delivery who were admitted to a hospital in Xining from November 2020 to February 2021 were selected as research subjects. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, 30 people in each group. The control group did not take any measures, and the observation group was given pelvic floor rehabilitation training. The recovery of pelvic floor muscle function, urinary incontinence, the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse and sexual satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: the incidence of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of sexual life in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05);The recovery of pelvic floor muscle function in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: pelvic floor rehabilitation training for postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction patients can effectively promote the recovery of pelvic floor muscles, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the quality of life of postpartum women.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFE0111700National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:T2125003,82202075+3 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:L212010National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,Grant/Award Number:BX20220380China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2022M710389Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Muscles,the fundamental components supporting all human movement,exhibit various signals upon contraction,including mechanical signals indicat-ing tremors or mechanical deformation and electrical signals responsive to muscle fiber activation.For noninvasive wearable devices,these signals can be measured using surface electromyography(sEMG)and force myography(FMG)techniques,respectively.However,relying on a single source of infor-mation is insufficient for a comprehensive evaluation of muscle condition.In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the various states of muscles,it is necessary to integrate sEMG and FMG in a spatiotemporally synchronized manner.This study presents a flexible sensor for multimodal muscle state monitoring,integrating serpentine-structured sEMG electrodes with fingerprint-like FMG sensors into a patch approximately 250μm thick.This design achieves a multimodal assessment of muscle conditions while maintaining a compact form factor.A thermo-responsive adhesive hydrogel is incorporated to enhance skin adhesion,improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the sEMG signals(33.07 dB)and ensuring the stability of the FMG sensor dur-ing mechanical deformation and tremors.The patterned coupled sensing patch demonstrates its utility in tracking muscular strength,assessing fatigue levels,and discerning features of muscle dysfunction by analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the mechanical–electrical coupled signals,highlighting its potential application in sports training and rehabilita-tion monitoring.
文摘Objective To investigate the association of skeletal muscle function (including muscle strength and physical performance) and insulin resistance as well as type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The retrospective study included 942 patients who visited the Department of Geriatrics at Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,between October 2020 and July 2024.
基金supported by the Swedish Research Council(201500165)a Wallenberg Scholars Award from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation(KAW 2023.0312)The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research is an independent research center at the University of Copenhagen,partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation(NNF23SA0084103).
文摘1.Exercise enhances muscle function and insulin sensitivity Skeletal muscle plays a fundamental role in not only locomotion,but also systemic metabolism.In people with type 2 diabetes,skeletal muscle is a major site of insulin resistance,with impaired insulin signaling and reduced glucose transport activity contributing to metabolic dysfunction.
文摘Sarcomerogenesis,the addition of serial sarcomeres in skeletal muscle myofibrils and fibres,is a natural occurrence during growth and maturation of animals,including humans.However,the detailed mechanisms that allow for sarcomerogenesis are not fully understood.In some diseases,such as cerebral palsy in children,sarcomerogenesis appears to be inhibited or at least reduced,1,2 often causing severe restrictions in muscle and joint function.
文摘The“longevity protein”SIRT5 could hold the key to delaying age-related muscle decline.A study led by researchers from the Institute of Zoology(IOZ)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Capital Medical University in Beijing reveals that SIRT5 mitigates skeletal muscle aging by blocking pro-inflammatory pathways.Published in Nature Metabolism on March 14,2025,the work identifies SIRT5’s interaction with protein kinase TBK1 as critical to preserving muscle mass and function.
文摘Purpose The primary aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among Asian athletes participating in indoor and outdoor sports in equatorial Singapore.Secondary aims are to examine the relationship between vitamin D status and skeletal muscle strength and performance,and bone density.Methods Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined in 95 indoor and outdoor athletes across various sports.Skeletal muscle strength and performance were assessed using the isometric mid-thigh pull(IMTP),drop jump test and 30 m sprint test.Bone Mineral Density(BMD)was measured using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA).Results Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 28.6±8.9 ng/mL among indoor,and 39.2±13.2 ng/mL among outdoor sport athletes respectively(P<0.05).More indoor sport athletes(62%)had insufficient vitamin D compared to outdoor sport athletes(30%)(P<0.05).Outdoor sport athletes exhibited significantly greater peak force generation than indoor sport athletes(2079±470 N vs.1869±546 N,P=0.027).Other markers of muscle function were not significantly different between groups.Indoor and outdoor sport athletes did not have significantly different BMDs although none of the athletes studied presented with poor BMD.Athletes who were deficient in vitamin D had significantly lower BMD compared to athletes with sufficient vitamin D(P=0.01).Conclusion Forty-seven percent of Singaporean athletes studied had suboptimal vitamin D status.Routine monitoring of vitamin D levels among indoor sport athletes should be in place to ensure optimal health and performance.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82405429)The Medical and Health Science and Technology Program of Hangzhou(ZD20250272)+1 种基金Key Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province(2024-XK-57)The Construction Fund of Key Medical Discipline of Hangzhou(2025HZZD16).
文摘Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an elevated risk of adverse outcomes,including falls,fractures,and muscle weakness.Clinical investigations have identified a strong correlation between sarcopenia and several prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle disorders.This correlation is attributed to imbalances in joint mechanics resulting from localized muscle atrophy and the influence of musculoskeletal secretory factors.In this review,we discuss the broader implications of sarcopenia and critically evaluate the currently established assessment methods.Furthermore,the clinical significance of prevalent musculoskeletal disorders(including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and spinal pathologies)in relation to sarcopenia,alongside the underlying mechanisms influencing this relationship,is summarized.Additionally,the effects of sarcopenia on the therapeutic efficacy of medications and surgical interventions for musculoskeletal conditions are reviewed.Sarcopenia is intricately linked to the onset,progression,and prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Future research should prioritize elucidating the potential mechanisms that connect muscle loss with skeletal muscle diseases,and investigating whether mitigating sarcopenia symptoms could decelerate the progression of these disorders,thereby paving new pathways for therapeutic interventions.
基金Supported by the Youth Doctor Support Project of the Education Department of Gansu Province,No.2024QB-100.
文摘BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.As the disease progresses and due to the side effects of treatment,patients’physical activity significantly decreases.AIM To systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of exercise rehabilitation on the physical activity of lung cancer patients and determine the best implementation methods to provide clinical guidance.METHODS Literature was searched through multiple electronic databases.A random effects model was used to combine effect sizes through standardized mean difference(SMD).The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the lite-rature,sensitivity analysis was used to ensure the robustness of the results,and Egger’s test was used to detect publication bias and asymmetry.RESULTS A total of 11 studies involving 541 patients were included in this study.The phy-sical endurance,muscle function and cardiopulmonary function of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients were evaluated.The overall effect size of the six-minute walk test(6MWT)was not statistically significant.However,subgroup analysis found that endurance significantly improved when exercise duration exceeded 0.5 hours(P≤0.05).In terms of muscle function,the overall effect size was SMD=0.619.Subgroup analysis showed that strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training(XT)significantly improved muscle function.Exercise rehabilitation significantly enhanced cardiopulmonary endurance(SMD=0.856,P=0.002),and the effect was better when the single exercise duration was more than 1 hour,age was over 65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.CONCLUSION Exercise rehabilitation effectively improved muscle function in NSCLC patients,especially strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training.Cardiopulmonary function also showed improvement,particularly when exercise duration exceeded 1 hour,age was≥65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.A single exercise duration of more than 0.5 hours can enhance patients’physical endurance.Appropriately increasing exercise duration and selecting suitable exercise forms can effectively improve the physical activity of NSCLC patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51005133)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2011AA11A244)Special Financial Grant of the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China (Grant No. 201104098)
文摘In order to study the function of muscles of driver shoulder during vehicle steering, identification of relations between electromyograph (EMG) activity of 10 shoulder muscles and steering force was performed. The procedure was to perform controlled steering maneuver by right hand in a driving simulator, and based on analyzing the EMG data with steering force in the steering wheel plane, the function was identified. It was found that muscle function depends strongly on both steering rotation and steering torque directions. In clockwise steering, the long head of triceps brachii was the prime mover and an important contributor to clockwise moment, while the sternocostal portion of the pectoralis major, the lateral head of triceps brachii, biceps brachii and teres major were the important stabilizers or fixators. In contrast, in counterclockwise steering, the anterior, middle and posterior deltoid, the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and infraspinatus were the prime movers and also the important contributors to counterclockwise moment, while the sternocostal portion of the pectoralis major, the lateral head of triceps brachii, biceps brachii and teres major were the important stabilizers or fixators. We conclude that the prime movers are primarily a consequence of steering direction, while the stabilizers or fixators are primarily constant. These results can be used to improve the neuromuscular model and estimate the steering comfort of driver.
基金supported by the Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China,No.YG2021QN60(both to WL)Fundamental Research Program Funding of Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China,No.JYZZ086B(both to WL).
文摘Neurotrophic factors,currently administered orally or by intravenous drip or intramuscular injection,are the main method for the treatment of peripheral nerve crush injury.However,the low effective drug concentration arriving at the injury site results in unsatisfactory outcomes.Therefore,there is an urgent need for a treatment method that can increase the effective drug concentration in the injured area.In this study,we first fabricated a gelatin modified by methacrylic anhydride hydrogel and loaded it with vascular endothelial growth factor that allowed the controlled release of the neurotrophic factor.This modified gelatin exhibited good physical and chemical properties,biocompatibility and supported the adhesion and proliferation of RSC96 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells.When injected into the epineurium of crushed nerves,the composite hydrogel in the rat sciatic nerve crush injury model promoted nerve regeneration,functional recovery and vascularization.The results showed that the modified gelatin gave sustained delivery of vascular endothelial growth factors and accelerated the repair of crushed peripheral nerves.
文摘Background: Infants with congenital muscular torticollis are born with an asymmetric range of motion and a muscular imbalance in the cervical spine, as a result of a shortening or excessive contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate passive range of motion (PROM) for rotation and lateral flexion, and muscle function of the cervical spine in children that had a history of CMT as infants. Study design: a prospective cohort study. Patient sample: 58 children at the age of 3.5 to 5 years that had been treated for CMT have infants participated in the study. Method: PROM was measured with protractors and muscle function was estimated with a modified Muscle Function Scale. Data from infancy were taken from earlier records. Result: PROM in rotation of the neck was mean 98.7° and PROM in lateral flexion of the neck was mean 69.1°. Symmetric PROM of the neck was found in 74% of the children for rotation and in 88% of the children for lateral flexion. Multiple regression showed that gender and PROM in rotation as infants had a significant impact on asymmetric PROM. Forty-five percent of the children had some degree of muscular imbalance in the lateral flexors of the neck. Conclusion: Possible risk factors for later asymmetric PROM are: gender, birth weight, gestation week and PROM in rotation as infants. These factors ought to be taken into consideration when developing guidelines for long-term follow-up.
文摘A nonlinear dynamical system is proposed as a qualitative mathematical model with the twofold aim to reasonably describe the force behavior in a fatiguing sub-maximal contraction and to be possibly employed in assessing muscular activation indexes. The model＇s properties are studied in terms of its equilibria and their stability properties and the existence of the fatigue equilibrium is ensured as the only system＇s attractor in the feasibility range of the parameters. Suitable mathematical indicators -- related to the dynamical properties of resilience and reactivity -- are introduced to characterize the asymptotic and the transient system＇s behavior. The practical impact of the analytical results is elucidated and a connection is established between the introduced mathematical indicators and muscle functionality indexes as rate of force development, task failure time and complete restore time. Experimental validation with handgrip force signal at high load and possible practical applications are also presented.
文摘Objective: to study and analyze the effect of postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on the physiological and psychological recovery of natural childbirth. Method: into our hospital from September 2020 to March 2022 admitted natural delivery maternal 30 cases, random digital chart is divided into research group, control group, each 15 cases, control group to carry out routine care, research group to carry out postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation care, the two groups of maternal postpartum 3 months pelvic floor muscle function, postpartum rehabilitation, postpartum complication rate, etc. Results: postpartum pelvic floor muscle function assessment at 3 months study group is lower than the control group, grade V is higher than the control group, the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05), maternal postpartum lochia duration, lactation time and uterine pelvic time are shorter than the control group, postpartum complication rate is lower than the control group, the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the application of postpartum comprehensive rehabilitation nursing in natural delivery women helps to promote the functional recovery, promote the postpartum physical and psychological condition recovery, and reduce the risk of postpartum complications.
文摘Purpose To investigate knee joint function during an unanticipated cutting task between healthy and ACL-reconstructed(ACL-R)females within the same NCAA Division I collegiate female lacrosse team(WLAX)via knee mechanics and esti-mated vasti and hamstring muscle forces.Methods Knee mechanics during three unanticipated cutting trials were observed using 3D motion analysis techniques for 26 healthy female lacrosse players,five which had previous history of ACL-R.Knee flexion angle and knee extensor moment were calculated via Visual3D.Modified musculoskeletal models were used to estimated vasti and hamstrings muscle forces obtained from static optimization.The 2×2(group×limb)repeated measures ANOVAs were used to identify differences in knee mechanics,and vasti and hamstring muscle groups among healthy/ACL-R between their preferred and involved limbs.Results There was an interaction between group and limb for knee extensor moment.ACL-R females had less knee extensor moments in their involved limb compared to their uninvolved limb(P<0.001).There was also a group main effect found for knee flexion angle.ACL-R females cut with less knee flexion angle compared to healthy females(P<0.013).No significant differences were found for estimated vasti or hamstring forces.Conclusions These pilot results indicate that despite all female WLAX players undergoing the same strength and condition-ing programming,training sessions,with the same coaching staff,differences in knee joint mechanics still exist between healthy and ACL-R players.These data should help inform larger-scaled studies investigating the impact of ACL-R on athletes within the same sports team.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （No. 81400265 and No. 81270274）, and Peking University People＇s Hospital Research and Development funds （RDB2014-16）.
文摘Angiotensin （Ang）-（1-7） is recognized as a new bioactive peptide in renin-angiotensin system （RAS）. Ang-（1-7） is a counter-regulatory mediator of Ang-II which appears to be protective against cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have found that Ang-（1-7） played an important role in reducing smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, improving endothelial function and regulating lipid metabolism, leading to inhibition of atherosclerotic lesions and increase of plaque stability. Although clinical application of Ang-（1-7） is restricted due to its pharmacokinetic properties, identification of stabilized compounds, including more stable analogues and specific delivery compounds, has enabled clinical application of Ang-（1-7）. In this review, we discussed recent findings concerning the biological role of Ang-（1-7） and related mechanism during atherosclerosis development. In addition, we highlighted the perspective to develop therapeutic strategies using Ang-（1-7） to treat atherosclerosis.
文摘Elbow flexion is essential to help position the hand in space and for functional use of the upper extremity.Loss of elbow function can be secondary to many etiologies,including but not limited to brachial plexus injury,traumatic muscle loss,oncologic treatment,poliomyelitis or congenital absence of motor function.The end result is a significant functional limitation of the upper extremity.One method to address the loss of elbow flexion is the use of a functional muscle transfer.These transfers can be performed as pedicled rotational transfers or free functional muscle transfers.This article reviews functional muscle transfers for restoration of elbow flexion as a treatment option for patients with an otherwise unreconstructable extremity.
文摘Aim:Quadriceps strength and knee extension,the most important factors limiting the ability to rise from a chair,are crucial for walking at an appropriate speed,ascending and descending stairs,and performing activities such as running,dancing,and jumping.Resection of the anterior compartment of the thigh,including all four quadriceps muscles,for the treatment of a sarcoma is uncommon;however,when necessary,it is very debilitating and adversely affects a patient's quality of life without functional reconstruction.Currently,there are a limited number of complex and difficult reconstructions to restore quadriceps function that have been described with variable outcomes.We describe a simple technique that employs a single gracilis functional muscle transfer to replace essential quadriceps function.Methods:This is a case series describing the use of either a free or pedicled single gracilis muscle to restore quadriceps function following sarcoma resection.Results:Four patients underwent an anterior compartment sarcoma resection that resulted in a large segmental defect and/or denervation of all four quadriceps muscles such that no quadriceps function would remain without reconstruction.All four patients underwent a functional reconstruction using a single gracilis.Three of the living patients achieved British Medical Research Counsel Grade 4 strength,can achieve full knee extension,are able to navigate stairs,and are able to ambulate without a brace.The fourth patient unfortunately was deceased in under three months following his tumor resection.Conclusion:Despite its small size in comparison to the quadriceps muscles,with physiotherapy and training,the gracilis muscle demonstrates the capacity to hypertrophy and replace quadriceps function following limb salvage surgery.
文摘Restoration of upper extremity function poses a unique surgical challenge.With considerations ranging from ensuring appropriate skeletal support and musculotendinous and ligamentous anatomy,restoring adequate vascularity and innervation,and providing sufficient soft tissue coverage,upper extremity injuries present a diverse range of reconstructive problems.Recent history has been marked by an expansion of novel techniques for addressing these complex issues.Sophisticated modalities,such as targeted muscle reinnervation,free functional muscle transfer,and vascularized composite allotransplantation,have become some of the most powerful tools in the armamentarium of the reconstructive surgeon.This review article aims to define the distinguishing features of each of these modalities and reviews some of their unique advantages and limitations.
文摘To the Editor:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a serious complication in critically ill patients,associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),extended ICU stays,increased hospitalization costs,and higher mortality rates.Current research suggests that protein may be the most crucial substrate for maintaining muscle mass and physical function in critically ill patients and improving clinical outcomes.[1]
